Market Relations Research Articles

For the anniversary of Likhovskiy technical school of railway transport

Likhovskoy Technical School of Railway Transport was opened on September 1, 1994. For more than a quarter of a century of history, the educational institution has experienced a lot, but has never changed its purpose: the educational institution has always trained and continues to train qualified workers and mid-level specialists for the railway. In 2024, Likhovsky College of Railway Transport — branch of Rostov State Transport University celebrates its anniversary, the technical school turns 30 years old. Over these years, the educational institution has trained 4,259 mid-level specialists who have managed to find themselves in life, who successfully work at the enterprises of JSC Russian Railways. In many ways, it depends on the teachers whether a graduate of LiTZhT will succeed as an individual, and how his future will develop. The laws of market relations determine the need to train such specialists who are able to skillfully apply the acquired knowledge to solve emerging problems, and quickly adapt to life conditions, think critically, make the necessary generalizations and conclusions, be able to work in a team and independently.

The metamorphoses of denationalization of 1993. Report II. The prices of medications as information

In the history of Russian pharmaceutical market, the year of 1993 became the year of both formation of rules of market relations and alteration of market landscape for changed conditions. The significant segment of state centralized purchases moved under responsibility of regional authorities and their health authorities. At that, authorizations of former three state organizations occupied with import purchases were distributed between new state companies of the Ministry of Health Care and commercial organizations and firms that entered pharmaceutical market. Pretty soon, this diversity gave rise both to competition for budget funds and Government experiments with market regulation. The traces of these clashes and attempts to make market manageable are found in the Ministry of Health Care archives and journal publications.The Report II uses informational potential of medications prices to decode rules of play in Russian pharmaceutical market with purpose to analyze distributions of power at playing table.

Корпоративна культура та її вплив на розвиток підприємства

The work examines and defines the essence of the “corporate culture of an enterprise” and defines this economic category. It has been established that corporate culture is a tool of organizational activity, with the help of which the enterprise forms its successes and achievements, as well as employees’ reactions to these achievements through the ideas, values, and thoughts that prevail within the team. It is noted that the management of the enterprise should adjust and adapt the methods of conducting corporate culture to the values and priorities of the personnel of their enterprises. After all, human capital plays the leading role in the efficient operation of the enterprise. The stages of implementation of corporate culture at enterprises are presented. It has been established that management, when planning the stages of corporate culture implementation at enterprises, should consider the atmosphere that has developed within the team, and from this, already determine fundamental values and beliefs, form norms of behavior and standards of the enterprise, and implement motivational measures for its employees. The principles of corporate culture are defined. General and principles of corporate culture are distinguished. The importance of using the principles of the corporate culture of enterprises, which provide for the consistency of the tasks of the mission and the strategic goals of development of both personnel and the enterprise, which will ensure a high level of competitiveness in a changing environment, is substantiated. It is proved that during the period of the Russian-Ukrainian war, it is necessary to consider both the internal factors of the development of corporate culture and the changes that take place in society, and only such an approach will ensure the balance of all participants in market relations. The influence of corporate culture on the development of the enterprise was studied. Factors influencing the corporate culture of the enterprise are considered. Keywords: corporate culture, enterprise, development, stages, influence, personnel, essence.

LIMITES À AUTONOMIA DA VONTADE NAS RELAÇÕES DE CONSUMO

This article aims to analyze, through a historical review following the era of absolutism, the consequences of the unrestricted application of the principle of autonomy of will by private parties in market relations. The chosen methodology includes the deductive method, as well as a review of relevant literature and legislation. Initially, it is necessary to contextualize the traditional Western view of the principle of autonomy of will and the results of its full application in pure private law; subsequently, the transformation from pure private law to social private law is examined; finally, the constitutional and infra-constitutional regulation of consumer relations within the Brazilian legal system is addressed as a way of imposing limits on the misuse of the autonomy of will.

Інституціональний базис для регулювання ринку логістичних послуг в україні та її регіонах з боку держави

The transformation of the Ukrainian economy towards market relations has brought to light significant imbalances in the logistics sector. A lack of an adequate theoretical framework and a clear state policy in this area has led to several problems. These include insufficient information support of logistics processes, a limited number of large logistics operators, and a need for more research and development in logistics. These factors complicate the optimization of trade flows and reduce the competitiveness of Ukrainian enterprises, making it an urgent matter that requires immediate attention. This publication aims to provide a detailed study of the system architecture and the evolution of forms of state regulation in the logistics sector. The architecture of the state regulation system in logistics provides a structured and comprehensive approach to managing logistics processes at the state level. It includes several main components that interact to ensure the effective functioning of the logistics services market. It is necessary to implement modern approaches to the state regulation of logistics services to ensure the Ukrainian economy’s sustainable development and improve citizens’ quality of life. These approaches can potentially revolutionize the sector, bringing about significant improvements. In particular, the priority task is to create a single digital window platform that will combine all permitting procedures into a single electronic service. At the same time, the government should actively work on harmonizing Ukrainian customs legislation with European standards, which will significantly simplify customs formalities and speed up the movement of goods. Implementing these measures will help increase the competitiveness of Ukrainian businesses and attract foreign investment, paving the way for a brighter future for the Ukrainian logistics sector. It is crucial to ensure close cooperation between the state and business. Regular consultations, transparency of regulatory procedures, and flexibility of legislation are critical factors for attracting investment and stimulating innovation. Introducing special tax regimes, such as corporate tax rebates for companies investing in infrastructure development and support for start-ups and innovative companies, will help modernize the industry and increase efficiency. However, the most significant step is harmonizing Ukrainian legislation with European standards. This is not just a formality but a significant milestone that will facilitate Ukraine’s integration into the European Economic Area, opening new opportunities for the Ukrainian logistics sector and paving the way for its growth and development. Keywords: state regulation, institutionalism, institutional framework, logistics, logistics sector, logistics regulation.

THE HISTORY OF THE FIRST OFFICIAL VISIT OF THE KYRGYZ DELEGATION TO THE USA AND THE FURTHER DEVELOPMENT OF THE FOREIGN POLICY OF THE YOUNG REPUBLIC

The article, based on newly opened archival sources, highlights the first visit of the official Kyrgyz delegation to America. During early 1990s, with the USSR collapse the world became unipolar, with the United States beginning to play a significant geopolitical role. The acquisition of independence and sovereignty set Kyrgyzstan in search of its own path of development; the country faced the challenge of joining the world community. The visit of the state delegation of Kyrgyzstan to the USA was of great historical and political significance for the development of the country. High-level meetings and promises to move the country along the path of democracy and market relations played an important role in American support to the young republic. Kyrgyzstan's desire to follow a democratic course was an important message behind the republic's entry into the UN and other international organizations. Diplomatic relations also developed progressively with the opening of a number of embassies in Bishkek and embassies of Kyrgyzstan abroad. foreign policy doctrine, concept.

Significance of the insurance market for the financial system of Ukraine

In conditions of developed market relations and strengthening of globalization processes, the development of the insurance market is determined by the socio-economic needs of the society’s development. The paper examines the definition of “insurance market” and shows the place of insurance companies among other key players in the financial system of Ukraine. The results of the study showed that the insurance market should be considered as a special sphere of monetary relations, where the subject of purchase and sale is a specific service—insurance protection—and where supply and demand for this service are formed. The development of the insurance market is determined by two main aspects. Firstly, this is due to the need of the population and business entities for insurance protection due to many risks. Secondly, the insurance fund as a whole has a monetary form, which makes it a full participant in the country’s monetary system and a method of interaction with other participants in the money market. Insurance companies are providers of financial services in Ukraine along with banks, investment, leasing, brokerage companies, credit unions, payment institutions and other participants in the financial system. The essence of insurance companies is revealed due to their functions. Among the functions of the insurance market, risk, financial, incentive, control, social, redistribution, investment and accumulation functions are identified. The main aspects characterizing the positive impact of the insurance market on the development of Ukraine are also noted and disclosed. Among the components through which insurance companies have a positive impact on the development of Ukraine are financial protection and stability, attracting investment, supporting entrepreneurship, social security, increasing financial literacy of the population, and promoting the development of international relations. The conducted research allows us to assert that the level of development of the insurance market reflects the possibilities of economic growth of Ukraine and is one of the main indicators of the developed financial system of the state.

Legal analysis of the definition of “consumer” in the context of Chinese law

Ensuring the consumer’s interest is one of the basic tenets of the market economy and legal regulation of consumer relations, and therefore, it is necessary to properly consolidate the conceptual framework in consumer law, including in China. Therefore, the purpose of the article was to define the essence of the concept of “consumer” in general and as an element of consumer protection, to analyse it under Chinese law, and to formulate discursive provisions and applied conclusions aimed at improving Chinese and Ukrainian consumer law. The main results of the study were the identification of the existing approaches to the interpretation of the concept of “consumer” and the characterization of the theoretical and applied foundations of the existing legal framework for the definition of “consumer”. It was substantiated that the current Chinese legislation enshrines a narrow concept of “consumer”, defining it as an individual who purchases or uses goods or receives services in order to meet his/her daily needs. It has been previously proved that a consumer should be considered a natural person who purchases a product or service for personal use or consumption, without the purpose of their further sale. The author analysed the socio-legal development of the concept of “consumer” in the People’s Republic of China in the context of individualization processes, and establishes that there are different types of consumers depending on their legal status and consumer needs. The author described examples from the national case law concerning the legal construction and interpretation of the definition of “consumer”. It is substantiated that regular updating of legislation on consumers and their status will stimulate more effective protection of consumer rights and increase the degree of responsibility in consumer legal relations. It was concluded that the formation of the consumer protection institute in Chinese legislation should be consistent with the level of development of market relations, and should take into account practical experience and international standards in the relevant area

Analysis of the effect of Regional Stock Market on the Jakarta Composite Index using Markov Regime Switching Regression

Purpose: In the current era of information, global stock market interconnections significantly influence investment decisions. Changes in one market rapidly affect others. The co-movement of stock markets presents challenges and opportunities for investors, whereas volatility spillovers complicate risk management and investment strategies. Research Methodology: This study examines the influence of the Nikkei 225, Straits Times Index, and Shanghai Composite Index on the Jakarta Composite Index across the pre-pandemic, pandemic, and post-pandemic phases. Results: Utilizing the hidden Markov model with regime-switching regression, this study identifies changes in market behavior due to economic shifts during the pandemic, revealing two regimes: synchronization and desynchronization. Limitations: Pre-COVID-19, the Jakarta Composite Index shows strong synchronization with the Nikkei 225 and Straits Times Index, while the Shanghai Composite Index has an insignificant impact. During the COVID-19 pandemic, frequent desynchronization occurred due to high uncertainty and volatility, with only the Straits Times Index significantly influencing the Jakarta Composite Index. Post-pandemic, synchronization between the JCI and regional markets strengthened again. This study highlights the consistent influence of the Nikkei 225 and Straits Times Index, while the Shanghai Composite Index remains insignificant. Contributions: This study contributes significantly to the understanding of regional stock market relationships and offers valuable insights for academia and practice.

Neuroimaging in neuromarketing: research traditions and concerns on methodology, ethics, and consciousness

ABSTRACT Marketing researchers use neuroimaging tools to identify brain activity that possibly occurs in response to experimental stimuli and before the formation of consumer attitudes and effective behavior. However, scholars are still trying to understand those causal links as well as how to use such knowledge for the benefit of market relations. We reviewed the literature on the effective use of neuroimaging in neuromarketing research to organize that literature according to research traditions and concerns on methodology, ethics, and consciousness, as well as in how it fits the editorial tradition of the Journal of Marketing Theory and Practice.

Life Insurance Market Development Prospects in Georgia

Reforms and changes carried out in all spheres of coexistence are aimed at ensuring the development of the state's free economic market. The establishment of free market relations made business a natural component of the Georgian economy. On the way to building the country as a legal state, an important role is played by the protection of property and non-property interests and the creation of its guarantees of compliance with international standards. All this is directly related to the development of the country's insurance market. Keywords: insurance market, non-property interest, object of insurance, life insurance.

How fruit moves: Crop systems, culture, and the making of the commercial blueberry, 1870–1930

Social Impact StatementThe history of blueberries highlights the agroecological systems, multispecies relationships, and socioeconomic factors that shape eating habits and commercial availability of food. In the United States, an elaborate and lucrative human‐managed crop system evolved around so‐called wild blueberries in the late nineteenth‐century. Blueberry domestication under the auspices of public‐private collaboration in the early twentieth century then established the foundation for today's global blueberry trade. Wild blueberries continued to occupy specific economic niches, however, and an uneasy dynamic developed between locally revered Vaccinium species and the commercial “blueberry.” In an urbanizing world of people increasingly alienated from their food sources, blueberries provide a reminder of the intricate relationships between people and plants that shape both basic prospects of survival and specific ways of life, whether for good or for ill.Summary This work examines blueberries' emergence as a commercial product and how it grew out of a history that involved multiple Vaccinium species and their convoluted interactions with human ecologies. It outlines the agroecology of the wild blueberry trade in nineteenth‐ and early twentieth‐century Maine, followed by blueberries' domestication and expanded commercialization in the 1910s and 1920s through a public‐private collaboration between USDA scientist Frederick V. Coville and New Jersey cranberry grower Elizabeth C. White. The complexity of blueberries' path to becoming a global commodity underscores the significance of cultural factors in determining how a singular “blueberry” came to be defined in the first place. The article uses a range of sources to document blueberries' history of commercialization from the late nineteenth century to the present. In particular, local newspapers from Maine made it possible to reconstruct the agroecology of the wild blueberry trade in the state in the period prior to 1920, while a variety of government documents and agricultural journals provided the key means for exploring blueberries' domestication and commercialization in the 1910s and 1920s. The article delineates the main features of the agroecology that defined Maine's wild blueberry crop system and the public‐private relationship surrounding the domestication and commercialization of blueberry culture in New Jersey. These histories ultimately underscore the interplay between regional cultures, processes of commodification, and a nationalizing economy that came to define the blueberry as a product in the fresh fruit market of the United States. Public‐private collaborations, cultural discourses, and the evolving market relations that came with the globalization of blueberry culture in the late twentieth and early twenty‐first centuries continue to reflect trends established earlier in the twentieth century. The article concludes that the emergence of “the blueberry” as a singular commercial product embodies a set of systems and relationships between plant species and human societies that blurs the boundaries between wild and domesticated, ranges in scale from the local to the global, and preserves niches for localism within a global commercial landscape that itself contains multiple species underneath a veneer of standardization. Today's globalized fresh blueberry thus contains within itself a long and convoluted history of cultivation, plant breeding, competing crop systems, market relations, and cultural constructs.

Decoding the Stock Market and GDP Relationship Over the Long Term: Implications for Index Fund Investments

Abstract This paper analyzes the relationship between GDP and the stock market over the long term, intending to understand the implications for Index Fund investments. A quantitative research method, using US (United States) GDP as an independent variable, and the S&P 500 index as a dependent variable, is employed. A population of 29 years, from 1990 to 2019, of data on US GDP and the S&P 500 from official US sources was used. Linear regression analysis with SPSS calculating techniques is performed to determine whether there is a relationship between GDP growth and the stock market (S&P 500). The results show a significant positive relationship between GDP growth and S&P 500 performance. β coefficient of the regression analysis of 0.911 shows a strong correlation between the GDP and the S&P 500. Our findings are also scientifically validated by the sig (P value) coefficient of 0.0000000000012. In addition, an R Square of 0.830 shows that our model explains all the variability of the response data around the mean at a level of 83%. The positive results of GDP and the stock market relationship, indicate considerable implications for Index Funds investments. Therefore, adding academic value to the practical financial implication aspects.

Bhakti, Equality, and Power: Temple Potters and Sacred Food (Mahaprasada) in Orissa

Abstract This article analyses the relationship between Bhakti, power, and equality in South Asia, by studying the meanings of Mahaprasada, or the sacred food of the Jagannatha temple in Orissa, as represented in nineteenth-century European and Indian texts. The article further juxtaposes these textual meanings with the social practices of the low-caste potters of the temple who make the vessels where the sacred food is prepared. Despite missionary condemnations of the idolatry of the Jagannatha cult and administrative attacks on the cult’s rituals and practices, Mahaprasada was paradoxically celebrated by these same texts as embodying the potential of destroying caste hierarchies. The article critically examines such colonial framings of Mahaprasada, by bringing them into conversation with the community cosmologies, economic practices, and political strategies of the temple potters. The article argues that the potters’ entanglements with the temple revealed complex contingencies in the ways in which Mahaprasada determined relations of caste and market. As a low-caste, yet ritually significant, group instrumental in the making of Mahaprasada, the temple potters participated in a market of the sacred food, where ritual and economic values merged, and were shaped by other power relations of the temple. In matters of caste, the potters both upheld and challenged caste distinctions by both their ritual roles and heterogeneous sectarian inheritances. Put together, I examine how paradoxical subtleties of colonial constructions of Bhakti were defied by the economically complex and religiously multiple worlds of marginal communities.

Market relations and regional development of Russia: adaptation and innovation in the context of sanctions and import substitution

Market relations and regional development of Russia: adaptation and innovation in the context of sanctions and import substitution

Формирование бренда экосистемы как элемент стратегического потенциала

The article discusses issues related to the definition of the strategic potential of the company and its formation at the current stage of development of market relations. The study of the main approaches to the definition of the concept of strategic potential of the company is carried out. Additions to the definition of the concept of strategic potential of the company based on existing realities are indicated. The issues related to the concept and development of business ecosystems are considered. The role of business ecosystems in the further development of business structures is determined. Various approaches to the formation of the concept of a business ecosystem are considered. An addition to the definition of the concept of a business ecosystem has been formed and the necessary arguments for the transition of business ecosystems to the formation of a common digital system are given. The analysis of the concept of the brand of the business ecosystem and the need for its formation as an element of the intellectual property of the business ecosystem is carried out. The inclusion of the ecosystem brand concept into the overall strategic potential of the organization is justified

WAYS OF IMPROVING THE METHODOLOGICAL FRAMEWORK OF MASSIVE EVALUATION OF REAL ESTATE IN THE REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA

This article focuses on researching the methodological development of real estate assessment in the Republic of Moldova, addressing the significant financial losses incurred by local public administrations due to the absence of an updated, appropriate, and transparent assessment system for taxation purposes. The fundamental hypothesis posits that enhancing the methodological and institutional framework of mass appraisal will lead to a progressive evolution of the real estate market relations and the stable development of efficient and equitable tax systems in Moldova. The study aims to identify and propose solutions to current issues in the national mass appraisal system, primarily related to the unavailability of market data and the use of outdated methodologies. Employing scientific techniques such as analysis, deduction, induction, grouping, comparison, analogy, scientific abstraction, synthesis, and statistical methods, the author assess the effectiveness of proposed methodological developments by comparing quality indicators of old assessment models with those developed based on the proposed methodologies. The results obtained support the idea of creating, implementing, and sustaining a mass appraisal system as a foundational element for a fair real estate taxation system, fostering regional development, and supporting economic activities related to the real estate market in the Republic of Moldova.

Godfather Marketing: offering favors before products

AbstractDisruptive shifts in the current environment are engendering uncertainty, radically changing market relationships and consumers’ priorities. This challenging-the-boundaries article introduces a new marketing paradigm, Godfather Marketing, according to which firms evolve into organizations reminiscent of ‘mafia families,’ yet completely devoid of criminal connotations. Their aim is to deeply fulfill customer needs and desires through favors, not just product sales. This approach requires customers to adhere to a mutual ‘code of honor,’ where merit is rewarded and wrongdoing punished, participating in the firm’s favor exchange network. Through a theoretical approach grounded in historical cultural factors, this article explores firm credibility, favor conditions, reciprocation methods, customer traits, and organizational dynamics. In an era where the quality of information will supersede its quantity, Godfather Marketing offers a distinct perspective, giving marketers a competitive edge for fostering consumer loyalty and local policymakers a potential tool for community governance, within a shared framework of careful controls ensuring the protection of individual freedoms.

Optimization of Interaction with Counterparties: Selection Game Algorithm under Uncertainty

The purpose of this study is to develop a comprehensive algorithm for optimizing the interaction of economic entities with counterparties, taking into account the uncertainty of market conditions and the variety of behavioral strategies of participants. The developed algorithm aims to increase the stability and efficiency of the interactions between the economic entity under study and its counterparties, minimizing risks and optimizing cooperative and competitive strategies within the framework of existing market relations. The methodology uses game theory to devise interaction strategies using mutual influence indices, non-cooperative game principles, and payment matrices. The model analyzes various interaction scenarios with counterparties by using payment matrices and considering both competitive and cooperative conditions. The research methodology is supplemented by the calculation of integral estimates based on a set of financial and economic indicators, enabling the assessment of the impact of various interaction strategies on the overall efficiency of an economic entity. After testing the developed models, a set of data was obtained, which can be used to optimize strategic planning and manage the interaction of economic entities with counterparties. The developed algorithm is an effective tool for improving the operational analysis of enterprises, primarily in industrial sectors.

The metamorphoses of denationalization of 1993. Report-I. The market fight for medications import

In the history of the Russian pharmaceutical market the year of 1993 became the year of formation of rules of market relations and changing under them of market landscape. The significant segment of state-centralized purchases moved under responsibility of regional authorities and their health care authorities. At that, powers of three former state organizations being occupied with purchases of imported medications were distributed between new state companies of Ministry of Health and commercial organizations and firms that entered pharmaceutical market. This diversity rather soon gave rise to competitive fight for budget funds and experiments of Government with market regulation. The traces of these clashes and attempts to make market regulated can be found in Ministry of Health archives and journal publications. The Report I reveals circumstances of entrance of Ministry of Health into market relationships and its acquisition of market player identity.