Renewable Energy Sources Market Research Articles

Renewable Energy of Ukraine in Global Energy Transformations

This article substantiates the need for the decarbonization of energy and the economy through the use of renewable energy sources. The advantages that the country achieves by stimulating the development of "green" energy are highlighted, in particular context of the achievement of significant economic, technological, ecological, and social effects. The global trends in the development of the renewable energy market are analyzed and evaluated using the main documents regulating the activity of "green" power generation. This article reveals the peculiarities of the functioning of the market of renewable energy sources in Ukraine, in particular. Specially noted are the difficult environmental situations in different regions of the country, the problems of reducing dependence on energy imports, and the destructive impact of the military aggression of the Russian Federation on the development of renewable energy in Ukraine. An assessment of energy consumption in Ukraine was conducted based on the renewable sources with the installed capacity of "green" energy facilities, and the dynamics of investment in the industry. The article has analyzed the factors that complicate the activities of participants in the market of renewable energy sources. The main trends in the development of "green" energy in the coming years are predicted, and a set of measures are proposed with the intention of improving the situation in the field of renewable energy.

FARMERS’ ATTITUDES TOWARDS RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES

The main purpose of the paper is to analyze the renewable energy market and its importance for the agricultural sector. In order to assess the renewable energy market in the agricultural sector, a questionnaire survey was carried out among farmers. The survey was conducted in the years 2020-2021 in a group of 400 farm owners. A 15-question questionnaire was used to conduct the study. This study covered two issues, namely: the use of renewable energy sources and the production of renewable energy on farms. In order to characterize the current state of the renewable energy market, secondary data from the Energy Regulatory Office (ERO) were used. The use of renewable energy in agriculture makes it possible to solve various challenges related to the use of fossil fuels, and what is important, is associated with little or no emission to the environment of pollutants and greenhouse gases. The conducted analyzes allow to draw conclusions that the market of renewable energy sources in rural areas has great potential and significant importance for the agricultural sector, however, it requires efforts to increase the interest in using renewable energy sources.

Vital Factors Stimulating Development and Competitiveness of Design and Construction Enterprises of Photovoltaic Farms

The underlying objective of the paper is to identify and evaluate in the research process vital factors that impact the development of design and construction enterprises of photovoltaic farms on the energy markets, in particular narrowed down to renewable energy sources (RES) markets, including energy coming from photovoltaic sources. The first part of the paper, the epistemological one, introduces a scientific discourse pertaining to conditionings and restrictions related to RES markets in the dimensions of sustainable development. This has been done with the use of literature query, legislative and administrative acts, and reports drawn up for the European Commission. In this reference, we summarized the EU’s essential measures aimed at promoting the idea of sustainability. The second part of the paper, the empirical one, presents a summary of the results obtained within the research pertaining to “opportunities and threats in managing projects of photovoltaic farms in production enterprises of energy appliances”. The research was conducted in a group of 24 design and construction enterprises of photovoltaic farms. The concentration of the research, in the context of the underlying objective of this paper, pertained to the aggregation and evaluation of selected factors that stimulate the development and competitiveness of construction projects and the implementation of photovoltaic farms. We considered the hierarchy of strategic objectives of the investigated enterprises and selected threats to their market position. Two primary criteria were adopted to aggregate and evaluate vital factors that impact the development of design and construction enterprises of PV farms. The first of them is the qualitative one—top scores, weighted averages of respondent evaluations on the five-point Likert scale. The second one is the quantitative criterion—number of indications N ≥ 22 of the respondents (over 90%). A measurable value of the paper is the scientific discourse pertaining to dimensions of competitiveness of the investigated and analyzed enterprises on the RES market, in particular narrowed down to photovoltaic farms.

Risk assessment in renewable energy projects: A case of Russia

The support of the renewable energy sources (RES) is an important endeavor that might help to reduce the impacts of global warming and prevent the depletion of world’s energy resources. However, it calls for the application of special government-funded plans envisaged for its support and stimulation. Political uncertainties and ineffectiveness of the state support often tend to increase the risks associated with the RES projects and, as a result, hinder their successful development. Hence, the assessment of the soundness of the current government-sponsored policies on renewable energy development becomes a very relevant and important task. Our paper presents the results of a theoretical analysis of the main types of state support measures for renewable energy in Russia. Furthermore, it employs an energy-specific logit-model that allows to assess the external and internal factors having an impact on default of the Russian RES projects. Moreover, the paper studies the risk dynamics at all stages of the life cycle of RES projects and evaluates the effectiveness of state measures to support the RES sector. In addition, we carry out the assessment of the “real” efficiency of state support mechanisms without “zero-risk” projects. Our results might be used for improving the existing approach to risk assessment in the RES market, as well as for the development of a concept of competition between traditional and renewable energy at the global energy market.

The World Market of Electricity from Renewable Sources: Development Trends and their Manifestation in the Russian Economy

The presented study analyzes world trends in the global renewable energy market in the context of complex impact on the Russian economy and examines peculiarities in the development of the domestic market of renewable energy sources (RES) in Russia. Aim. The study aims to explore the peculiarities of renewable energy development in Russia in the context of global trends. Tasks. The authors identify trends in the development of the global renewable energy market, analyze the impact of the global RES market on the Russian economy, and examine peculiarities in the development of the domestic RES market in Russia. Methods. This study analyzes the works of Russian and foreigns authors on renewable energy, statistical data of New Energy Outlook 2019 and the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA), and analytical insights of the head of RUSNANO A. Chubais, who is also the Chairman of the Russia Renewable Energy Development Association. Results. The global trend of RES development is steady, which will inevitably cause a decline in revenues from hydrocarbon exports from Russia in the medium term. In Russia, there are fundamental preconditions that make hydrocarbon energy efficient in the longer term than in Europe. This makes trying to catch up with other countries impractical, given that Russia has a natural advantage. The electricity industry is inertial and therefore should be created by the time parity is achieved, otherwise the economy will overpay for electricity that could be cheaper. Technological advancement in the global RES market establishes a base of scientific and technological developments in this field, which can be used in the Russian market, or upgraded to be used more efficiently in the domestic market, or exported. Hevel Group is an example of a company that has successfully implemented this strategy. Further development of RES in the world creates global demand for high-tech products in the field of renewable energy, which gives Russia an opportunity to switch from commodities exports to high-tech exports. Thus, industrial development in the RES sector would make a significant contribution to GDP by manufacturing high-tech products, leading to the creation of a cluster that would combine science and education and facilitating the development of related industries and implementation of projects that were previously considered impossible or inefficient. Conclusions. Global development of renewable electricity not only poses medium-term threats to the Russian economy, such as declining revenues from hydrocarbon exports, but also raises the possibility of economic reorientation towards high-tech exports. Development of RES in the domestic market is advisable to ensure the creation of the necessary base in Russia by the time grid parity is achieved.

Marketing of renewable energy sources

The article discusses the importance of marketing in the market of renewable energy sources. Alternative energy and its development significantly depend on the country and the climatic conditions of a particular area. In Russia, alternative energy, its development, lags behind world leaders. There are several reasons for this. The first reason is the large reserves of fuel and energy raw materials and their low cost. The second reason is the low utilization rate of the installed capacity of alternative energy. The third reason is that the weather conditions in Russia are nonhomogeneous and not very suitable for the development of alternative energy. A promising direction for the development of alternative energy is small alternative energy. Marketing is built on effective market segmentation, increasing end-user awareness and customer education efforts. The article also provides recommendations for improving the effectiveness of marketing, its special features, taking into account altruism, paternalism and moral satisfaction ofcustomers.

Renewable energy and green market development in Russia

The paper discusses the possibilities of green energy in improving the economic growth of regions, the development of the green market and its importance in implementing environmental protection policy. The author considers the premises for the formation of a market of renewable energy sources in developed countries, studying world trends, as well as the conditions and factors affecting the development of the ecological market of green goods and services in modern Russia. The paper analyzes legislative initiatives to develop an alternative energy market, taking into account Russia’s accession to the Paris climate agreement. The author gives examples of regional experience in Russia that are already implementing projects for the installation of alternative energy generators, wind and solar. The conditions and factors for the energy capacities development based on renewable sources in the Arctic territories are also considered. The author concludes that the development of renewable energy sources must be considered in the line of the energy strategy of Russia, as well as with issues of digitalization of the industry, microgeneration, the introduction of energy storage systems.

Overview of the Ukrainian Solar Market: Status and Commercial Perspectives

Today, solar energy is called the energy of the future, and many companies make significant investments in the construction of such power plants. The article provides an overview of the commercial perspectives of this market, determines the size of investments and the return on the project. Modern solar panels are able to operate without additional investments for decades and, from the point of view of the authors, in the long term the electricity generated in this way will not only cost-effective, and extremely profitable. The global situation in the energy market and in the field of renewable energy, in particular, is considered. The reasons that triggered the development of renewable energy sources, the key of which are the dangers of nuclear energy and environmental pollution, are explained. Along with this, we consider the structure of the market of renewable energy sources in Ukraine, where the geographic location is favorable for the implementation of solar energy projects. The climate of Ukraine is characterized by a large number of sunny days: in terms of insolation, Ukraine is significantly superior to European leaders in solar energy. This basic factor allows us to talk about the commercial perspectives of solar power generation projects implemented in Ukraine. Against the background of these perspectives is considered the structure of the energy market in Ukraine and the investment attraction of renewable energy projects. Market trends in the development of the solar energy market were discussed, which are expected to contribute to the development of new market niches, such as after-sales services, as well as the transformation of existing business models against the backdrop of the introduction of new facilities.

PLANNING "GREEN" DEVELOPMENT OF THE ECONOMY OF AMALGAMATED TERRITORIAL COMMUNITIES

Topicality. The urgency of the problem of planning the "green" development of the economy of the amalgamated territorial communities is compounded by the need to combine economic growth with the protection of the environment in view of the current world trends that direct the policy of local economic development to the concept of sustainable development. Aim and tasks. The aim of the paper is to develop theoretical principles and practical applications, that should justify the expediency of introducing local economic development instruments in the context of the concept of "green" development. Proposals can be taken into account and implemented on the territory of any region or territorial community of Ukraine. Research results. The role of the state in identifying priority areas and areas of "green" growth, in particular at the level of voluntarily amalgamated territorial communities, has been marked by the introduction of a participatory approach to planning. These instruments of state economic policy, which are used as an instrument of transition to the principles of the "green" economy. The possibilities of increasing energy efficiency through the use of clean renewable energy sources and energy-efficient technologies in the key sector of the "green" economy have been determined. The market of renewable energy sources in Ukraine has been analyzed and the possibilities of financial support of electricity producers from the funds of international institutions have been indicated. It has been noted that the technical and economic opportunities of green energy projects at the level of voluntarily united communities should summarize the "road" map, which should include a perspective plan for the development of green energy, costs for the implementation of the project, justification of the feasibility of their implementation, the effects of positive or negative impact on the environment. Proposals have been developed regarding the institutional support of the "green" economy at the level of the amalgamated territorial communities and identified services that could be provided by the "green" chambers in the communities. Conclusion. Local governments, making a policy of boosting local economic growth, should lay the foundations for the implementation of the concept of "green" development, the use of green technologies, green production, etc., in order to achieve harmonious economic and environmental development and contribute to raising the standard of living of the population. Local authorities are obliged to strengthen the local economy and introduce the green economy model by gradually reducing the use of organic fuel and promoting the development of green technologies and green production. Encouraging all stakeholders to implement the concept of "green" growth and supporting their activities requires local authorities to introduce a number of measures aimed, in particular, at raising awareness and promoting the concept of "green" development among the local population, as well as by providing informational and financial support to enterprises, citizens and non-governmental organizations. The development and implementation of measures to ensure the green development of the economy of the amalgamated territorial communities should take into account local features and conditions, as well as assess the impact of such plans on the implementation of the concept of "green" development.

Інноваційні підходи до отримання електроенергії нетрадиційними методами.

The contribution investigates both worldwide and domestic trends of the evolution of the market of renewable energy sources, in particular, wind power. It is noted that Ukraine has a significant unutilized capacity in the field of wind-power engineering; orientation at a coal and nuclear strategy, at a big hydropower, the absence of understanding the importance of innovation introduction and of solving environmental problems put brakes, however, on the domestic wind-power industry. The contribution notes that, during the recent decades, the modern wind-power engineering became one of the most investment attractive industries and competes successfully with the traditional electricity generation methods in many countries worldwide. Inexhaustible resource base and environment friendliness are decisive advantages of renewable energy sources, in particular, wind power under conditions of the depletion of fossil fuel resources and the increasing environmental pollution. The contribution defines prospects for the development of the wind-power industry in Ukraine and proposes an innovative project of the construction of an offshore wind-driven power plant in the shelf of the Sea of Azov, Donetsk Region. For the purposes of performing both analytical and prediction pre-investment calculations, the analysis of sensitivity and the break-even analysis, the analysis of efficiency of innovative & investment projects in the wind-power engineering, the author recommends employing a new method including the complete set of calculations of technoeconomic characteristics of the wind-driven power plant. So, the basic figures of the financial plan of the innovative project has been calculated in accordance with the provisions of the UNIDO method of economic project evaluation and new scientific recommendations and recommendations on methods of Ukrainian scientists regarding an efficiency evaluation of investment projects for wind-driven power plants. These calculations provide a qualitative justification of the attractiveness of wind-driven power plants located in the territory of Ukraine for the purpose of attracting investments to this sector of the domestic power engineering. The project proposed corresponds to the strategic directions of the development of the Ukrainian power-generating industry and will foster both social and economic development of the region. The implementation of the project will make a strong contribution into the innovative development of the domestic power engineering and will make good the existing deficit in the power balance of Donetsk Region.

ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ПРАВОВОГО РЕГУЛЮВАННЯ АЛЬТЕРНАТИВНОЇ ЕНЕРГЕТИКИ В КРАЇНАХ АМЕРИКИ (США, КАНАДА, КРАЇНИ ЛАТИНСЬКОЇ АМЕРИКИ)

The article considers general issues of international implementation and formation of the alternative energy sector, which is increasing the pace of development and distribution. Its appearance is due to the rate of depletion of fossil natural resources, environmental pollution. The main goal of renewable energy is to replace the old model of the energy system with new technologies that are environmentally friendly. It is established that today the global market of renewable energy sources is developing dynamically and there are no serious reasons for changing this trend in the foreseeable future. The energy market of the American countries, in particular, the USA, Canada and Latin America, features of realization of legal regulation of the specified sector of economy are investigated. It was stated that this region is one of the most promising players in the international arena of energy-producing countries from alternative sources, whose legislation is not aimed at comprehensive support of the energy sector. The main measures for economic stimulation of alternative energy producers, priorities for the development of the industry and ways to accelerate the energy revolution are analyzed. It was found that the main areas of state support for the sector in the United States, Canada and Latin America are the following measures: tax benefits; state subsidies, grants and guarantees; attracting foreign and national investments; "green" tariff; creating a favorable climate for the implementation of new methods of energy production from renewable sources. It is noted that Ukraine uses various energy sources for its own needs, but in recent years the share of alternative energy in consumption is gradually increasing. The most popular among them are solar and wind energy, hydropower, electricity production from biomass. The analysis of international legislation, as well as the legislation of the countries that were the subject of the study, shows the existence of certain regulations that are advanced and can be introduced into the national legal system in order to improve it.

Multi‐task control strategy for grid‐tied inverters based on conservative power theory

In recent years, the concept of decentralizing power generation through the deployment of distributed generators (DGs) has been widely accepted and applied, driven by the growing market of renewable energy sources, in particular photovoltaic, wind and small hydro. These distributed generators are normally equipped with a switching power interface (inverter), acting as front end with the grid. In this scenario this paper proposes a multi-task control strategy for distributed generation inverters that simultaneously allows the DG system to inject the available energy, as well as to work as a voltage drop compensator or as an active power filter, mitigating load current disturbances and improving power quality of the grid. The main contribution of the proposed system, with respect to other solutions in the literature, is that the proposed control loops are based on the Conservative Power Theory decompositions. This choice provides decoupled power and current references for the inverter control, offering a very flexible, selective and powerful control strategy for the DG system. The paper also discusses the choice of the current waveform for injecting/absorbing active power into/from the grid, and both sinusoidal and resistive references have been compared in terms of damping capability. Finally, simulation and experimental results are provided in order to validate the proposed functionalities of the DG control system.

Institutional and policy framework analysis in relation to the application of autonomous desalination systems — Greece

Greece is generally described as a country with affluent water resources. However, this is half the truth due to the uneven distribution of water resources, which is responsible for the water scarcity problems in many regions of the country. Energy demand, on the other hand, during the past few years has exhibited a far greater rate of growth than the average increase in Europe. Therefore, a strong interest is now present towards the market of renewable energy sources. Under this framework, the development of desalination as an alternative source of freshwater is widely recognized by the authorities who up to now subsided water transportation in arid islands undertaking thus an enormous cost. Autonomous desalination units based on the use of renewable energy sources exist in a small and rather pilot scale in Greece. However, the potential of a rapid future development in this field is clear and gradually recognized by all involved players. The existing legislative and administrative framework does impose barriers to the wide scale implementation of autonomous units and specific amendments and restructuring could accelerate the development of decentralized desalination plants in the country.