Russian Market Research Articles

Цифровые образовательные сервисы как системы управления обучением в сфере профессионального образования

The article analyzes educational services, highlights current trends in educational services and the main directions of digital systems in the field of education. The types of educational process management systems are considered. The article analyzes the supply of educational systems on the Russian market, as well as programs included in the Unified Register of Russian Software, and examines the structure of educational systems in two areas: systems for organizing online courses and systems for corporate training, as part of the personnel system. Based on the analysis of these products, the main proposed tools of digital educational services in the field of professional education offered on the Russian market are identified.

The right to be forgotten in the context of the Russian-Ukrainian war

Foreign and domestic legislation and legal doctrine regarding the right to be forgotten, establishing its features, in particular in the context of the Russian-Ukrainian war, are analyzed. It is noted that recently in the international legal field there is a mention of the existence of a new category for legal scholars - the right to be forgotten. The definition of the right to be forgotten is disclosed and it is established that, in a broad sense, the right means that a certain person after a certain period of time can turn to the media to remove previously disseminated information about him, which is not currently of a certain public interest, but at the request of the person should not to exist in public space. In a narrow sense, the right to be forgotten preserves the personal identity of the relevant person in its subjective aspect, which is related to honor, objectivity and reputation, that is, it prevents the person from being reminded of certain information related to him and causing him certain negative consequences in society. The importance of ensuring a balance between freedom of speech, expression of views, freedom of the press and the right to be forgotten is established. The need to maintain a balance of private and public interests in the context of the right to be forgotten is considered. It is noted that the Court of the European Union recognized the possibility of a person acquiring the right to be forgotten only when there is no interest in information about a specific person in the public space, and also when such a person does not play a special, significant and important social role. It is emphasized that the right to be forgotten is different from the protection of the right to privacy and its realization does not entail the manifestation of measures of civil liability. The impossibility of applying the right to be forgotten in the context of the Russian-Ukrainian war is analyzed. Emphasis is placed on the fact that persons who are somehow involved in armed aggression cannot expect that their name will be “whitened” in the future. It is noted that international companies have set a new standard of business behavior regarding geopolitical events in the future with their decisions. It has been established that companies must cease cooperation with the russia or persons related to it. It was emphasized that transnational corporations, by exiting the russian market, exert a significant influence on the lack of financing of the military machine, preserving their good name. It was concluded that there is another side of the medal of the right to be forgotten, when certain information, despite its resonance, must be forgotten so that the victim can live on and count on an objective attitude towards himself. It is proposed to develop relevant provisions on the regulation of the unimpeded exercise of the right to be forgotten by persons who suffered from the war, despite the fact that their cases were high-profile and of great public interest, because a person has the right not to be associated with such situations.

Analyzing the potential of the Russian stock market

Subject. The article investigates the Russian stock market. Objectives. The purpose is to determine the potential of the Russian stock market. Methods. The study employs methods of statistical analysis. Results. The study revealed that the potential of the Russian stock market is determined by a number of factors, like significant excess of the volume of shares of non-financial organizations over the total shares of credit institutions, other financial organizations and insurers; maintaining the dynamics of debt obligations of government bodies at the level of the totality of debt obligations of non-financial organizations, credit institutions, other financial organizations and insurers; continuous presence of non-residents in the debt market, in contrast to the short-term presence of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation; the tendency for the growth of ruble-denominated debt of non-financial sector on bank loans and issued debt securities to exceed the extended index; a commensurate increase in the ruble-denominated debt of households and non-profit institutions serving households on bank loans and issued debt securities and the expanded indicator; a vigorous reduction in the excess of the broad money supply over M2, and others. Conclusions. The identified potential of the Russian stock market indicates to the expert community the parameters of the financial market.

Application of Copula Models in Stock Market Analysis

Objectives. The objective of the study is to use copula models to analyze shares of the Russian stock market and describe changes in the relationship between the shares before and during the coronavirus infection (COVID-19).Methods. An algorithm for using copulas and functions of the R programming language in its implementation is presented. To model the dynamics of financial series the ARMA-GJR-GARCH process (autoregressive moving average Glosten-Jagannathan-Runkle model with generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity) is used. The selection of optimal families and parameters of copula models is carried out. The adequacy of the obtained models is checked and the results of the study of the relationship between the series are analyzed.Results. An algorithm has been developed for a relatively new approach to using copulas in conjunction with the ARMA-GJR-GARCH model. The approach was used to study the impact of coronavirus in the context of the Russian economy. It is revealed that during the COVID-19 period the dependence between different stocks increases. It is shown that the effect of volatility in financial series increases after the outbreak of the pandemic.Conclusion. The research algorithm using copula models in conjunction with the ARMA-GJR-GARCH process has shown its feasibility. This approach can be used with other GARCH-type models to study finance and other areas.

Влияние государственных мер поддержки на развитие рынка электрозарядной инфраструктуры в РФ

Currently, there is a growing awareness worldwide among societies and governments regarding pollution resulting from human activities, raising the issue of climate change. All this, together with other factors, puts a priority theme of environmental friendliness in various areas of the economy, and the field of transport was no exception. The use of vehicles running on alternative fuels and electricity emerges as a pressing agenda. The article examines the development of the charging infrastructure market for electric vehicles, taking into account existing measures to stimulate the electric vehicle market in both Russian and foreign practices. The aim of the study is to systematize the accumulated experience of stimulating demand. Since the electric vehicle market and the charging infrastructure of cities are interrelated, an important task is to identify existing barriers hindering the development of the electric vehicle market in Russia and to investigate support measures. The investment potential of projects for the development of electrical charging infrastructure was assessed, taking into account various forms of support.

АНАЛИЗ РОССИЙСКОГО РЫНКА БЕНЗОЛА

The article provides an analysis of the Russian benzene market, its volumes, structure and applica-tions in industrial production. The problems of purification of imported benzene from sulfur impurities are considered

Платформа для разработки стратегий биржевой торговли на основании условий пользователя

The article is devoted to the research of investment robo-advising and auto-trading platforms in the Russian market. The author analyzes the tariffs and functionalities of different platforms. Based on the conducted analy-sis, the author proposes new concepts and a working scheme for implementing robo-advising and auto-trading. The implementation of the author's proposals should allow reducing the cost of providing investment services and also expanding their functionality towards automatically generating trading strategies based on user-defined con- ditions. Within the proposed scheme, special attention is paid to such functionality based on the author's models of committee structures.

The Russian labor market in the context of external and internal challenges

In a rapidly changing world, a situation of foreign political tension, informatization and technologization of the life of our state in all spheres of life, it is the labor market that is a kind of social indicator reflecting current problems, demands and trends in the development of Russian society. The labor market allows you to assess the size and structure of the country's population, to give characteristics of the working population, to assess the level of unemployment, health and prosperity of each family, etc. The active use of digital technologies and the use of artificial intelligence create new conditions for human life and work, while defining new requirements for it. The labor market is responsive to these changes. The article is devoted to the analysis of the current state of the labor market caused by changes in the external and internal living conditions of the Russian state. The purpose of the study is to identify and substantiate the directions of transformation of the Russian labor market as a social and economic tool for the development of the economy and the social sphere. The article presents a quantitative and qualitative analysis of statistical information and analytical indicators of the labor market over the past 33 years (from 1990 to 2023), as well as summarizes and substantiates current problems and difficulties in the development of the labor sector in today's difficult realities. The significance of the research lies in the possibility of using the results of quantitative and qualitative analysis of the current state of the labor market, its demands and new development trends to train qualitatively new personnel, increase the competitiveness of employees and employers, and therefore to reduce social tension in society and economic growth in Russia.

Energy sales activities development in electric power market

The energy sales activities development processes in the electric power industry have been studied. The factors determining the infrastructural nature of activity in the modern market, aimed at supporting opportunities for implementing competitive transactions of electric power purchase and sale, have been formulated. The process of planning to implement in 2005–2008 a “resale” scheme for organizing energy sales activities in the course of developing a new market model has been assessed. The choice of such a scheme is not simple and not the best of possible solutions. The problems arising for economic entities in the modern Russian electric power market under the conditions of the “resale” scheme for organizing energy sales activities have been characterized. Mechanisms and procedures of the market do not provide its subjects with acceptable competition conditions. This is largely due to the fact that energy sales companies, seeking to preserve and expand the monopoly sale of electricity, suppress the possibility of competitive choice of its suppliers and consumers, creating conditions of entrepreneurship low efficiency in the market. The article proposes approaches to improving energy sales activities based on the implementing the “agency” scheme within the framework of the electric power market digital model with the solution of tasks to provide its subjects with opportunities for competitive choice, ensuring fair competition conditions for detecting and implementing opportunities to obtain entrepreneurial benefits.

Economic effects of sanctions pressure to the russian fertilizer market

Economic effects of sanctions pressure to the russian fertilizer market

Economic War: Ukraine and the Global Conflict between Russia and the West by Maximilian Hess

“Economic War: Ukraine and the Global Conflict between Russia and the West” by Maximilian Hess is not only a historical account of a conflict between Russia and the West but a critical analysis of the economic power struggles between the two. The book explicitly highlights the political problem that emerged when Russian President Vladimir Putin hit Ukraine in 2014 and the economic warfare that followed the event. Hess explores Russian strategies behind the scenes and against the sanctions, focused on pursuing global power. The author’s extensive research and deep analytical skills make the book an essential part of the knowledge impartation related to the intricate economic problems found within the conflict between Russia and the West on an international scale. Maximilian Hess is a political risk analyst, consultant, and research fellow at the Foreign Policy Research Institute. Hess possessed notable strengths in the areas of trade, debts, diplomacy, and foreign policy. These strengths allowed him to become an accomplished writer who could effectively discuss the economic problems that affected Russia and the West. He has authored numerous articles on Russia and its neighbouring countries, which eventually led to the publication of his first book in partnership with Hurst and Oxford University Press in 2023. In “Economic War: Ukraine and the Global Conflict between Russia and the West,” the author asserts that the present confrontation between Russia and the West is not the new Cold War but a struggle to influence the spheres of finance, energy, and capital markets. Economic war is defined as “the use of economic means to achieve geopolitical objectives or the use of geopolitical objectives to achieve economic ends.” Hess merges history with an analysis of the economic war, which has a long-term effect on liberalism, democracy, and the structure of the world’s economy. The author gives a clear and profound description of how the West preferred to use international markets to inflict pain on the Kremlin, and the Russian reaction was to seek the involvement of countries like China, Turkey, and Iran in the process. Moreover, the author insists on the fact that in the short term, Russian oil production is at its maximum, and the consequences of shutting off the Russian market for European gas will be substantive. This is indeed a valid concern because Gazprom, a Russian statecontrolled firm, supplied almost one-third of all gas consumed in Europe until Ukraine interrupted supplies and exposed the dangers of over-reliance on a single energy provider. This demonstrates how Russia’s gas blockade would severely impact Europe. Similarly, the author’s analysis and concrete examples strengthen analytical rigorousness about possible economic effects, thus enriching the previous literature, which does not entirely address issues in the context of economic warfare.

Apologetics and Criticism of Posthumanism (Review)

Posthumanistic ideas associated with the rejection of anthropocentric discourses and practices and implying (in transhumanism) the technological transition of man and society to a fundamentally new level of existence and organization of life, have a solid history of almost four decades. In Russia, with the exception of top essays such as “A Cyborg Manifesto” by Donna Haraway or “The Transhumanist FAQ” by Nick Bostrom, posthumanist conceptology began to take root intensively since the 10s. 21st century. Then “Cannibal Metaphysics” by Eduardo de Castro and “Being Ecological” by Timothy Morton first appeared on the Russian market. Gradually, the transmission of posthumanist ideas gained more intense momentum. Today, the domestic literary market features transhumanist literature (“Upgrade to Superhumans”), new anthropology, or “postanthropology,” marking the boundaries “beyond man,” representation of indigenous thinking, a series of books about socio-natural phenomena (“Insectopedia,” by Hugh Raffles, “How forests think” by Eduardo Kohn, “Gathering moss” by Robin Kimmerer), as well as new ontologies (Graham Harman, Ian Bogost), revising the classical subject-object picture of the world. Posthumanism can no longer be considered an inconspicuous cultural phenomenon. It is not surprising that sharp critical reactions appeared in the form of monographic studies. The article provides reviews of current Russian posthumanist literature and criticism. Particular attention is paid to the critical agenda, which positions posthumanism as a carrier of apocalyptic strategies for humans. The need for a careful study of the intellectual phenomenon and the search for common grounds for a constructive dialogue between cultures and concepts are argued.

What has antifibrotic therapy changed for patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic progressive fibrotic interstitial lung disease of unknown cause. IPF is characterized by excessive production and deposition of extracellular matrix components, which lead to irreversible violations of the architectonics of lung tissue and loss of function. Without treatment, the average survival rate of patients after diagnosis does not exceed 3–5 years. However, published observations report improved survival over the past decade, due to the advent of antifibrotic drugs and earlier diagnosis. The benefits of antifibrotic therapy include a slower rate of reduction in forced lung capacity (FVC) and a reduction in mortality. Pirfenidone and nantedanib are the only currently approved antifibrotic drugs for the treatment of IPF. Several generic drugs with the INN pirfenidone are registered on the Russian market, including the drug PIRFASPEC® (267 mg capsules). Their efficacy and safety have been demonstrated both in randomized clinical trials and in real clinical practice studies. IPF patient registries, which have been maintained in many countries since 2010, provide additional information regarding the progression of the disease, the effectiveness of therapy, and the frequency of adverse events. Although they have a different mechanism of action and safety profile, their effectiveness in slowing the decline of FVC and reducing the risk of mortality over time is similar. However, IPF is still characterized by progressive shortness of breath and poor prognosis, as treatment can only delay the progression of IPF and cannot stop or reverse the damage. Although clinical trials of new drugs for the treatment of IPF are currently underway, no other drugs have yet been approved in the Russian Federation.

Specifics of Due Diligence procedure in mergers and acquisitions in the Russian Federation

Aim. To study the elements and main features of the Due Diligence procedure, including mandatory and additional stages of due diligence of Russian companies, as well as taking into account the peculiarities of the Russian legislation and regulatory bodies.Objectives. To perform an in-depth theoretical analysis of the main tasks of the Due Diligence procedure in M&A of enterprises; to develop proposals for improving the methodology of the Due Diligence procedure in the Russian Federation (RF).Methods. The authors used general scientific research methods, including data collection and processing, content analysis, generalization, systematization, analysis of legislation and legal practice in the field of mergers and acquisitions, as well as the experience of Russian enterprises in conducting the Due Diligence procedure.Results. The Due Diligence procedure is an important stage of corporate transactions in the M&A process in Russia. The article shows that one of the key features is the necessity to take into account specific legal and tax aspects of the Russian legislation when conducting due diligence. It is necessary to take into account not only the risks, but also the influence of state regulators and regulatory bodies on the results of the transaction. Based on the results of the analysis and systematization of the information obtained, general methods and recommendations in the course of the Due Diligence procedure were determined. The statistical data on M&A transactions in Russia are considered, the attention is emphasized on the importance of Due Diligence at the rapid growth of M&A transactions. It is proved that the Due Diligence procedure increases the transparency of Russian companies and contributes to the improvement of the investment climate in the country.Conclusions. The study of the peculiarities of Due Diligence in M&A in Russia allows us to focus on the importance of legal analysis, financial and economic evaluation, as well as personnel and corporate culture assessment. Legal analysis provides an opportunity to identify and assess legal risks and problems related to the company's operations. Financial and economic analysis and audit help to identify and assess financial risks and problems, current and potential. Personnel and corporate culture assessment helps to understand how well they are aligned with the business objectives and strategy of the transaction. All three areas of assessment must comply with the requirements of domestic legislation and take into account the specifics of the labor market in Russia. A proper Due Diligence assessment of all three areas will help to detect possible risks and problems related to legal, financial and personal aspects of the company's activities, as well as provide a reliable basis for making correct and informed decisions regarding the M&A transaction.

Economic concentration in the Russian leasing market

Aim. To determine the degree of concentration of the leasing market in Russia.Objectives. To calculate the leasing market concentration index; to assign the level of monopolization to each of the leasing market segments and justify the difference in the obtained levels; to formulate promising directions for further study of the leasing market concentration.Methods. The author used empirical and analytical methods of research. The author calculated the Herfindahl-Hirschman index to determine the level of concentration of the market as a whole and in terms of segments to verify the hypotheses put forward in the research about the presence of monopolization in the market of leasing services in Russia and different levels of concentration in the segments of the leasing market.Results. The market of leasing services in Russia is not highly concentrated, despite the presence of major players that occupy a significant market share: the top-3 account for about half of the market volume, the top-10 — 80%. In segments that do not require large amounts of financing, such as special equipment, buses and trolleybuses, and trucks, there is insignificant market concentration. Segments with larger deals, such as real estate, aviation transport, ships (sea and river), are highly concentrated.Conclusions. Contrary to the opinion of some market participants about strong concentration of the leasing market, there is no such concentration in the Russian market. High concentration exists only in the segments in which the average transaction check exceeds the capacity of a number of small lessors to provide financing.

Peculiarities of regulation of the insurance market in Russia and Kazakhstan

The paper examines the theoretical and practical aspects of mega-regulation of the insurance market in Russia. The author has made an attempt to identify the main trends in improving the activities of the Bank of Russia as a mega-regulator in the insurance market of Russia.The article provides an overview of the interpretations of the term "mega-regulation" in the works of Russian and foreign economists. A comparative analysis of the main indicators of the development of the insurance market in Russia and Kazakhstan, such as the fulfillment of basic prudential standards by Russian and Kazakh insurers and the number of insurance organizations, insurance brokers and actuaries; an analysis of relative indicators: the return on equity of insurers and indicators of financial stability of insurers in both countries. Based on the analysis, the peculiarities of the regulation of the insurance market in Russia and Kazakhstan were identified and ways to improve the regulator in both countries were proposed.

Review of the Russian market for bioelectrically controlled upper limb prostheses

Review of the Russian market for bioelectrically controlled upper limb prostheses

АНАЛИЗ ЛОГИСТИЧЕСКИХ РИСКОВ В УСЛОВИЯХ ПЕРЕОРИЕНТАЦИИ ГРУЗОПОТОКОВ В ВОСТОЧНОМ НАПРАВЛЕНИИ

The Russian market for logistics services is undergoing significant changes. In the context of political pressure from a number of foreign countries and the imposition of a large number of sanctions against the Russian Federation, as well as taking into account the differences in the needs of individual regions and the characteristics of foreign trade relations, there is a sharp reorientation of cargo flows in the eastern direction. Such dramatic changes in supply chains occur in parallel with a significant increase in logistics risks, which raises the issue of their timely and comprehensive analysis. Taking into account the peculiarities of the geographical location of the Russian Federation, railway transport, along with road transport, plays a vital role in organizing the transportation process of various types of goods. Therefore, the analysis of open data from official sources on the transportation of container cargo through the network of JSC Russian Railways was chosen as the methodological basis of the paper. Based on data from the container shipping market, an analysis of existing logistics risks, as well as the factors that provoke their emergence, is provided. The key risks in logistics include transport, warehouse, procurement and distribution logistics risks, and uncertainty, chance and resistance are identified as the main factors of their occurrence. The paper outlines the importance of minimizing logistics risks when organizing the transportation process in the eastern direction of Russia and provides a number of ways to reduce the likelihood of risk occurrence. One of these methods is risk dissipation. The implementation of this method is shown by the example of the implementation of an organizational group of activities at the Eastern training ground, which allows reducing the load on the railway and port infrastructure. As a result, the likelihood of risk occurring in logistics processes is reduced.

Stock Market Participants in the Social Structure of Russian Society in the 18th–20th Centuries

The paper analysis of social transformations affecting broad sections of the population in the progress’s dynamics of the Russian stock market in the 18th–20th centuries. The author examines the historical path of the securities market advancement in Russia. Also, the research states that starting from its inception and ending with the closure of exchanges in the 20th century. The study examined the stock market participants, their social class, goals for entering the market, and the conditions under which they operated. The author also brings up the point of whether social mobility was possible in the 18th — 20th centuries through securities trading?

Main consumer choice drivers for fi lm products in the Russian market

Film distribution market is a highly competitive one, which only emphasizes the need to optimize costs for the production and promotion of domestic films while increasing box office potential. The purpose of this research is to identify the primary choice drivers for movies in the movie theater in current market conditions as a required prerequisite for effective promotion. The results of a content analysis of open data tracker Cinema Viewer in 2021 allow us to identify several drivers defining the choice of moviegoers. They can be divided into two main categories: content elements and promotional elements. Among content elements, the most important are film's genre, plot, and cast. The most important promotional element is the trailer. Furthermore, two findings stand out among the results of this study, which require detailed research in the further works on the subject, as they can significantly influence the promotional strategies for film products in the Russian market. Firstly, the study showed that information itself, rather than its source, is more important for the viewer, which means that further optimization of marketing budgets is possible by reducing spending on most expensive platforms (primarily TV). Secondly, recommendations play just as important a role in the choice of film as advertising, which also makes it possible to optimize the marketing budget through social media marketing.