Maritime Education Research Articles

EXAMINATION OF MARITIME EDUCATION WITHIN FRAME OF GAMIFICATION

Gamification is a new design for many fields in changes in the expectations and satisfaction levels of each individual with digital literacy skills, as well as in their behavior and habits. Utilizing the benefits of its frame is also a critical issue for the maritime education. In this context, it is aimed to measure the predisposition and interest of the maritime university students in the game contents by conducting a survey. Statistical results are obtained regarding the attitudes of the participants towards learning with computer games, their attitudes and expectations towards gamification and how useful gamification could be for non-game systems. Lastly, it is revealed which courses in maritime can be gamified. Accordingly, it is seen that the majority of the students are intertwined with games every day. The reason why the majority of the people prefer to play 'multiplayer' games is the desire to be successful brought by the competitive environment or the communication-based system being more interesting and increasing motivation even more. Attendances consider that gamification will make the lessons more interesting, specifically electronic navigation and maritime security courses.

Future Perspectives of Immersive Learning in Maritime Education and Training


 The lack of human resources in the maritime labour market provokes a rapid promotion of maritime professionals, which in turn reduces the time to acquire required skills. More than 40 % of all cases of human errors on vessels were caused by an insufficient level of training, practical skills and education of human resources. This paper represents an overview of a research evaluating a virtual reality (VR) practical training course. Main aim of this course is to evaluate the effectiveness of immersive learning implementation into maritime education and training and establish VR metrics. This research on VR training represents a metric-based view of VR experiments and research. There was developed a VR training case which is called ‘Wall wash test procedure on chemical tanker’ as an enhanced synthetic virtual reality environment for performing tasks and tests for the evaluation. A pedagogical experiment was conducted while training 115 navigator cadets at National University Odessa Maritime Academy (NU OMA). Its main goal was to establish the dynamics of changes in indicators to improve the quality of education through the use of VR. Tracking of this dynamic was done using the theory of statistics. VR experiment quantitative and qualitative analyses have confirmed support of the cognitive effort and improvement of memorization of students. Use of VR in the study of navigator cadets significantly increases the overall performance of their learning process. The effect of the user’s presence in the virtual space and the effect of depersonalization and modification of the user’s self-awareness in virtual reality gives unambiguously positive results. Thanks to specialized VR models, navigator cadets can increase the quality of mastering new knowledge by almost 26 %. Due to such improvement of professional training, it is possible to increase the general level of safety during conducting specialized vessel technological operations. The obtained researches results are very important in terms of improving the overall safety on marine vessels.

Tribute to Kurt Opitz (1931-2021) - German Contributor to Maritime English

This paper aims at providing an insight into the work of late Professor Emeritus Kurt Opitz, German lexicographer, and applied linguist as an ESP practitioner with special regard to Maritime English. A list of Opitz’s contributions to both the above-mentioned linguistic branches has been compiled and attached to this paper. His work has been considered as contributing to identifying and providing insight into some crucial issues in lexicography, especially the production of a learner’s dictionary. Familiarity with these issues was enabled by Opitz’s performing the role of Maritime English lecturer. In addition, the activity in the field of maritime education and training encouraged him to envisage and organize the teacher training activities within a national association, but with a view of openness to the worldwide Maritime English teaching community, which resulted in the foundation of G.A.M.E. (Gesellschaft für Ausbildung in Maritimem Englisch = German Association for Maritime English / Association for Maritime English). The paper presents Kurt Opitz along the line of his distinctive personal and professional development, not only as a linguist with particular fascination for lexicography, but also as an applied linguist with a great enthusiasm for the promotion of constantly updated Maritime English and its teaching methodology. Other, not so widely known facets of Opitz’s interests, e.g. his polyglot and literary profiles, have been discovered by the authors during this research and are brought here before our readers.

Digital Marketing Strategy in Admitting New Students during COVID 19 in Maritime Educational Institutions-An Empirical Study

Purpose: The goal of this study is to determine how digital marketing affected student enrollment at maritime educational institutions in the year COVID 19. Design/Methodology/approach: Students at Chennai's marine educational institutions made up the target demographic. Data gathered from 96 students using an electronic questionnaire. Findings: Results showed that digital marketing is positively related to students' admission to the business administration degree. Practical Implications: This study has specific implications for colleges that will help them create a digital marketing strategy to help them admit more students to their business administration programmes during COVID 19. In order to make it easier for students to enroll in maritime education, it offers advice for maritime educational institutions on how to execute digital marketing extremely efficiently. Originality/Value: This paper makes a significant literary addition to the field of digital marketing. It is distinctive in that it incorporates the use of various marketing techniques with pupils, strengthening the maritime education in the process. Type of Paper: Case Study & Analysis.

Digital Marketing Strategy in Admitting New Students during COVID 19 in Maritime Educational Institutions-An Empirical Study

Digital Marketing Strategy in Admitting New Students during COVID 19 in Maritime Educational Institutions-An Empirical Study

RedNavi: Building a 3D Scene of the Current Sea from AIS Data

The Automatic Identification System (AIS) is a kind of navigation equipment that exchanges a wealth of essential information among vessels and between ships to shore through Very High Frequency. Currently, identification and other navigational information can be obtained in real time with AIS data integrated into other shipborne systems, such as the Electronic Chart Display and Information System and radar. However, at present, AIS information is represented in a two-dimensional (2D) way, which is not the same as the three-dimensional (3D) world people perceive visually. In this paper, we introduce RedNavi, a sustainable computer 3D scene building system that visualizes the current sea, specifically the environment and traffic conditions around the ownship, using received AIS data. RedNavi has a wide range of application scenarios. Applying to the maritime education and training field, it can serve as a bridge between the 2D and 3D worlds, helping less experienced trainees build up their capabilities. Applying to actual navigation, it can provide the deck officer with another visual aid to their lookout in addition to existing 2D information systems. In addition, given the microservices architecture RedNavi adopts, the development, deployment, and maintenance processes become relatively lighter, faster, and easier, and therefore more sustainable than traditional monolithic systems.

The impact of 2008 financial crisis and COVID-19 pandemic on the demand and supply of seafarer officers: Evidence from China

During the shipping market boom in the 2000s, China adopted initiatives to expand its maritime education and training (MET) capacity, which significantly increased the supply of seafarer officers in the next few years. Drawing on multiple types of statistical information, including MET enrolments, seafarer numbers, seafarer wages, and labour market analyses, this paper examines the outcomes of the initiatives in the aftermath of the 2008 financial crisis and the COVID-19 outbreak. It shows that the financial crisis together with the expanded training capacity led to a serious oversupply problem, characterised by a lack of job opportunities, depressed wages, and slow career progression for junior officers. When the situation improved in 2017, however, a shortage of junior officers ensued, and their number plummeted quickly. The recent COVID-19 pandemic increased the demand for Chinese officers. Nevertheless, the decline in the number of 3rd officers continued. This paper discusses the causes and policy implications of the quick reverse from an oversupply to an acute shortage.

Quality Management in Indonesia Maritime Education: Is it well implemented?

The adoption of Total Quality Management (TQM) in educational institutions has not been thoroughly optimized, resulting in a wide range of results. This study aims to determine the key features of TQM used by maritime education and training institutes in Indonesia and the results. This study used descriptive quantitative methodologies using eleven institutions, the most extensively used TQM elements as measuring variables, and the findings. The respondents are 16 members of the institution's quality management team. Strategic quality planning (5.99), information and analysis (5.90), involvement of teaching staff and employees (5.86), knowledge and training (5.80), leadership and top management commitment (5.76), and process management were found to be the most often used TQM elements (5.76). Meanwhile, the most significant results of TQM implementation in the sample institutions were improving operational performance (6.06), teaching staff and employee satisfaction (5.90), and customer satisfaction (5.79). This study adds to the empirical literature on TQM in Indonesian maritime educational institutions by identifying the most often used TQM elements and the result achieved.

Design and implementation of AI chatbot for COLREGs training

The education and training for the maritime industry require renewed focus in the face of technological changes and increasing digitalization. Artificial intelligence presents an avenue for further research that can positively impact efficiency and competence development. Among many applications of artificial intelligence in education, conversational agents or chatbots have gained increased interest in recent years. This paper describes the design and implementation process of “FLOKI”—a chatbot aimed at assisting maritime trainees in learning Collision Avoidance Regulations (COLREGs). For the design of the chatbot, IBM Watson Assistant®—a cognitive computing service—was utilized, which enables the use of Application Programming Interfaces (APIs) in its cloud server. A selected number (n = 18) of 2nd year B.Sc. in Nautical Science students in a Norwegian maritime university interacted with the chatbot for reflecting on their knowledge about COLREGs. In addition to demographic data, the maritime trainees were asked to answer questions related to user experience utilizing the System Usability Scale (SUS). The findings are discussed along with their implications and future research directions involving AI in maritime education and training.

Situational Approach of Teaching Speaking Maritime English in Merchant Marine Polytechnic of North Sulawesi

English communication skills in the areas of speaking, listening, reading, and writing. However, in many students' minds communication means only interaction between the speaker and the listener. Teaching English at maritime universities and nautical colleges involves not only teaching the language and the sea-related terminology but also making the students aware of the cross-cultural issues and problems that they may encounter in their work onboard ships. The best way of teaching is, how the teacher, instructor, and lecturer can choose and use the right teaching method. FAIES is one of the unique and well-known methods in teaching which can adapt to many situations in the classroom and makes the students feel easy to understand and study comfortably during the lesson especially in speaking English. According to Freud in Wollheim (1981), FAIES (First Aid in English System) is the teaching method to emphasize or stress communication, which consists of a directional approach, functional approach, situational approach, and drilling technique. Maritime English is largely restricted to IMO Standard Marine Communication Phrases, which build basic knowledge of English and had been drafted in a simplified version of maritime English. In terms of maritime education, the current simulator-based studies can be divided into two areas: marine engineering and nautical science. In particular, human factor specialists work in these two fields addressing issues concerning the relationship between humans and technology, such as simulators (Lützhöft et al. 2017). A multitude of new methodologies has been explored and discussed in recent years in an attempt to approach the training and testing of the proficiency of maritime English that meets the international standards laid out in STCW.

Analyzing Marine Engineering Curriculum from the Perspective of the Sustainable Development Goals

The aim of this study is to answer the questions, what are the relevancies of sustainable development goals (SDGs) and the marine engineering curriculum, and what areas should be improved to achieve a curriculum that supports sustainable marine engineering education. This study is the first study that analyzes all courses at the existing marine engineering curriculum of a university from the perspective of SDGs. Five stepped methodology is applied, which are understanding the content of all SDGs and relevance with maritime transportation, examining the marine engineering curriculum of ITU Maritime Faculty, examining each course catalog and weekly course plan, comparing the content of the SDGs with the content of the courses to determine the relevancy, and find strong and weak sides of the marine engineering curriculum from the aspect of the SDGs. According to the study findings, the top three relevant SDGs to the marine engineering curriculum are SDG4 – Quality education, SDG12 – Responsible consumption and production, and SDG8 – Decent work and economic growth with the percentages of 50%, 18%, and 13%, respectively. On the other hand, the least relevant three SDGs are SDG17 – Partnerships for the goals, SDG2 – Zero hunger, SDG1 – No poverty, and SDG15 – Life on land with the percentages of 1%, 2%, and 3% for the remaining two, respectively. In addition to the curriculum relevancy, IMO Agenda topics are examined and linked with SDGs. According to this examination, the marine engineering curriculum should be improved to achieve sustainable development-based marine engineering education. Moreover, maritime education and training should be changed from the STCW-based structure to the SD-based structure for a modern and sustainable marine engineering curriculum.

An Analysis of Qualifications and Personal Characteristics of Successful Marina Manager

As a modern industry based on meeting the high-demanding customers who prefer vacation and recreation at sea, nautical tourism requires professional staff with renowned qualifications and personalities developed. Marina managers especially should reach this imperative of industry mentioned. The methodology in this paper is inherent in the methodology of social sciences. The primary research includes surveys and in-depth interviews examining the attitudes of marina managers in Montenegro about professional requirements and personal attributes that describe successful careers. The research results confirm previous findings in the literature and shape the position of marina managers based on the necessary education, experience, technical and leadership skills, and personalities. Implications of this paper refer to improving study plans and programs in maritime education, which is the first step in developing high-quality management staff in the marina business.

Hybrid Twinning on Marine Engine Simulators

The notion of twinning can refer to a number of things. Here, however, we re-fer to the specific recommendation by the IMO Model Course 3.17 – Maritime English, as also discussed by a number of recognized Maritime English instructors, anticipating the teaming of English teachers with teachers of technical subjects held on marine simulators. This recommendation coincides with contemporary trends in teaching English for Specific Purposes, such as Content-Based Instruction, Content and Language Integrated Learning and/or English as a Medium of Instruction. In particular, we provide specific examples of hybrid twinning classes conducted on marine engine simulators at the Faculty of Maritime Studies Kotor, University of Montenegro. Additional possibilities and pedagogical implications of the presented and related activities are also offered. We hope they can be of assistance and inspiration to other teachers involved in maritime education for upgrading their teaching methodologies as it has been the case with the authors.

Determination of Officer of the Watch Selection Criteria for Ship Types

Maritime education is given in accordance with the Training, Certification, and Watchkeeping Standards of Seafarers (STCW) around the world. These standards provide seafarers with the necessary licenses and certificates to work on board but their operational performance depends on their personal characteristics and qualifications. In order to minimize personnel-induced risks and related costs while at the same time enhancing operational efficiency, it is essential to choose personnel whose qualifications best match the ship/cargo type. There are many officers of the watch (OOW) with different qualifications and educational histories in the maritime sector. Choosing the most suitable among these OOWs specific to the ship/cargo is more difficult than the selection of masters. In the light of this, this study focuses on an appropriate selection process of OOWs and aims to identify the predominant selection criteria according to two main types of vessel: tankers and general cargo ships. The priorities of selection criteria based on the type of vessel are outlined for employing the OOW. Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) is used to determine the relative weights of OOW selection criteria. The study concludes that the global relative weight distributions of criteria for tankers and general cargo ships are quite different from each other, except for experience. It is thought that the criteria determined will provide companies with a more accurate evaluation advantage in the selection of OOWs.

Using Digital Learning Media Applications In Introducing Marine Education To Children

In limited circumstances, the role of educators is very central to creating an atmosphere and learning achievement. education is important to be introduced from an early age so that children can grow up living with their love of being a maritime nation. The growth of maritime values ​​can foster identity in children. The role of PAUD as an educational institution in instilling a maritime spirit is one of them by implementing maritime learning content based on what is in the 2013 PAUD curriculum. Maritime education has material content that cannot be explained abstractly in early childhood. So that is helping the learning and learning process that takes place effectively and efficiently, interesting learning resources are needed. An interesting learning resource today is an active and interactive learning resource by collaborating with Information and Communication Technology (ICT) audio and visual. This study uses the method of literary analysis and implementation in children aged 5-6 years. The results of the study show that ICT collaboration in maritime learning in early childhood affects the learning process that is interesting, effective, interactive, and encourages children's interaction and participation. This facilitates the golden age that is being experienced by children so that they can support, stimulate and develop the various multi-intelligence potentials of children so that they can interpret maritime education, especially in the 21st century

Analysis of factors influencing the effectiveness of MET instructors

The Maritime Education and Training (MET) instructors play an important role in maritime safety. They educate, train and prepare new and existing seafarers for efficient and safe job performance and ultimately shape the safety and sustainability of shipping operations. To assist instructors in performing their tasks appropriately, the International Maritime Organization (IMO) has developed various IMO model courses. The paper addresses the factors that bear upon the effectiveness of instructors at MET institutions. The authors developed a questionnaire with the aim of identifying the most significant factors from the instructors’ perspective and investigating whether there were correlations between factors and if they affected each other. The survey included 113 participants from 26 countries. In addition to descriptive statistics, Fisher’s exact test and chi-square test were used to analyse the obtained data and investigate the possible correlation between instructors’ competencies and perceptions of the factors affecting the teaching effectiveness. Finally, the research findings and the main conclusions and recommendations that emerge from these findings are presented.

富山高等専門学校における機関士教育

富山高等専門学校における機関士教育

PRINCIPAL MANAGERIAL COMPETENCY IN LEARNING QUALITY IMPROVEMENT

Principals must have competence in leading educational organizations in schools, one of the competencies that strongly supports their leadership is managerial competence. This study aims to determine the managerial competence of school principals in improving the quality of learning at the Malahayati Aceh Sailing Education and Training Center through the principal's programs and strategies in improving the quality of learning at the Malahayati Aceh Sailing Education and Training Center. The research used is a qualitative approach with a descriptive method. Subjects in this study include principals, teachers, and students as students. Data was collected by direct observation and in-depth interviews. The data analysis technique went through three stages, namely data reduction, data presentation, and verification. The results showed that: (1) The Head of the Malahayati Aceh Maritime Education and Training Center had made a program to improve the quality of learning; and (2) the Head of the Malahayati Aceh Maritime Education and Training Center has a strategy for the success of the program that has been made in improving the quality of learning.

Significance of Blooms Taxonomy in Tartary Education A Case Study in the Maritime Industry

The maritime education is a modern, highly technical, professional discipline. The shipping industry requires a workforce with a great deal of skill, knowledge and expertise. Modern ships are equipped with very sophisticated toots, but having great tools is not productive unless the employees know the best way to use them. Unlike in most job tasks ashore, seafarers need high level of competence to ensure safe, secure and clean shipping industry. This paper discuss about the significance of Blooms Taxonomy in the maritime education and training. The action words of the revised taxonomy considers the cognitive processes to enhance the effectiveness of teaching and training methods. The verbs used in this taxonomy refers to the intended cognitive process that the trainer expects as the result of the educational activities.

Maritime English Learning Materials Based on Standard Training Certification and Watchkeeping for Seafarers (STCW) Curriculum and Intercultural Competence (IC)

The objectives of this study is to investigate 1) the current existing conditions of Maritime English learning materials of Deck Department of Maritime Education and Training (MET), 2) the Maritime English learning materials needed by the students of Deck Department of Maritime Education and Training (MET), and 3) the intercultural competences needed by the students. This study is conducted by qualitative method. The respondents of the research are the active students, lecturers, active and retired seafarers, cadets, port authority, and administration staff. They are taken by purposive random sampling. The data are collected by questionnaire, documentary sheet, and in depth interview. The data are analyzed by descriptive qualitative. The results of the study show that 1) generally the existing Maritime English Materials mostly are not in line with the STCW’10 and need to be developed in order to meet the minimum standard of Standard Training Certifications and Watchkeeping for Seafarers (STCW’2010), 2) there are various topics of Maritime English learning materials needed by the students in terms of both English language and content or professional subjects, 3) and the various contents of intercultural competences are also needed by the students before they go to work at sea in order to effectively communicate with other crew of different cultural background.