Maritime Culture Research Articles

DIGITAL-BASED AND SUSTAINABLE TOURISM VILLAGE DEVELOPMENT PLANNING IN PAPA GARANG VILLAGE, LABUAN BAJO

Indonesia as a maritime axis, of course, will not be separated from maritime culture and technology. The maritime axis is a development paradigm needed by maritime-based regions such as Labuan Bajo. Maritime culture should be the original culture of Indonesia, because Indonesia is an archipelagic country. However, the development of tourist villages located on the coast requires a special planning program that is in accordance with the characteristics of the community, geography, and socio-culture so that tourism development is sustainable. This study aims to create a digital-based and sustainable independent tourism village development program. The concept used is sustainable tourism, marine tourism village and through community development to build human capital . The creation of human resource capacity, in this case local communities, who do understand these maritime attitudes and values. By combining the concept of maritime culture and the concept of community development. The results of research for the development of marine tourism villages require an approach with aspects of digitalization technology that can be used as an information center containing the results of internalizing maritime culture with local wisdom and infrastructure facilities to accelerate economic growth. Digitization is used for the community, one of which is fishermen, business actors in the tourism sector and small and medium businesses through digital platforms, so that they can create an information data network in the form of big data as a means ofeconomic digitization infrastructure, and human capital development through human resource development and digital literacy. Products in the form of physical, consisting of arts, culinary arts, building arts (Architecture) and non-physical in the form of norms and values that are in accordance with maritime culture, which then becomes an information attraction both from the tourism element and the implementation of maritime culture which has economic value. for the development of sustainable marine tourism villages. Keywords : Tourism Village, Digitalization, sustainable tourism, marine tourism village

Budaya Maritim dalam Cerpen Kutukan Keturunan Bajak Laut Karya Bagus Sulistio Sebagai Materi Pengenalan Budaya BIPA

This study aims to explain and describe the cultural elements contained in an Indonesian short story entitled Kutukan Keturunan Bajak Laut by Bagus Sulistio as Indonesian language teaching material for Foreign Speakers (BIPA) level C1 and C2. The subject of this research is a short story entitle Kutukan Keturunan Bajak Laut by Bagus Sulistio. This study uses a qualitative descriptive approach to systematically describe phenomena, namely cultural elements as BIPA teaching materials. Data collection techniques used reading-note techniques, literature study, and data cards. This research shows that the short story Kutukan Keturunan Bajak Laut by Bagus Sulistio contains cultural elements in the form of language, knowledge system, livelihood system, religious system and art. Elements of culture can be used as teaching materials or as an introduction to culture, especially maritime culture as a support for the language skills of BIPA teachers.

Symbolic meaning of Barikan tradition in realizing maritime culture preservation of the Mojo Village, Pemalang

Coastal community is people who live and carry out socio-economic activities related to the coastal and its resources. One of the cultural wealth owned by the coastal community is sea alms. The purpose of this paper is to describe the symbolic meaning of the Barikan tradition in Mojo Village, describe how the community interprets the Barikan tradition, and find out the factors that influence the Barikan tradition in Mojo Village that still exists amid modernization. This research is expected to find and develop knowledge related to symbolic meaning in the Barikan tradition as well as contribute to the development of science, especially Social Studies Education, which includes social change. Data sources are informants, documents, and phenomena or events. The results showed that the symbolic meaning of the Barikan Tradition was in the buffalo head, tumpeng, and the offerings tradition. The village head interprets the barikan tradition as identity, the fishers as a ritual, and teenagers as entertainment. The factors that influence the Barikan tradition to continue to exist are the historical and mythical factors that have developed in the community. Thus far, there has been no change in the Barikan tradition even though the times have led to modernization.

The wave cannot catch me: children, place and local knowledge in the Faroe Islands

ABSTRACT This paper – at the intersection of childhood studies, island studies, and geographies of place – explores place and sense of belonging in relation to the childhood memories of people from a Faroese village community in a time of societal shift. It examines and analyses the role of and dynamic connection between everyday life practices, local knowledge, and intra- and intergenerational relations in children's place-making practices and narratives. It aims to scrutinize in which sense the interplay between past and present, and between processes of continuity and discontinuity, in people's childhood narratives reflects their relations to place and ties to the past. It investigates the meaning of the coast and ocean in childhood memories, everyday life activities, and local maritime culture in a village community with strong connection to modern large-scale fisheries. It suggests that children's place-making processes and future orientations are influenced by family relations, social capital, local knowledge, and innovation.

Arctic Marine Hunters in the Documentary Film: The Book of the Sea

Aleksei Vakhrushev’s documentary film, entitled The Book of the Sea (2018), is an ethnographic film belonging to visual anthropology. It depicts the daily survival of the Arctic sea hunters of Chukotka. The narrative structure of The Book of the Sea unfolds in two lines: one is the current life of the Eskimo (Yupik) and Chukchi people, who continue the tradition of sea hunting in the Bering Strait of the Far East of Russia, and the other is ancient myths, especially the story of “the woman who gave birth to a whale” that forms their spiritual foundation. The former is embodied in live action and the latter in animation, completing this film in a hybrid form called “animated documentary.” This article examines how live-action documentary and imaginary animation are arranged in parallel and intersected in The Book of the Sea, removing the boundary between reality and myth, and how the modern time of the sea hunters and the ancient time in the mythology coexist and communicate with each other. In particular, we noted that the narrative unity using the double plot structure of the documentary storyline and the animation storyline, and the claymation and expression techniques that colorfully visualize the abstract realms of the myth and consciousness world, bring the theme of the film to life more effectively. The Book of the Sea satisfies its role as an ethnographic film and its perfection as film art. It shows the organic relationship between the life of modern sea hunters and the ancient Arctic maritime culture through weaving reality and myth. This unique film of visual anthropology is also used for educational purposes to preserve the traditional culture of Chukotka marine hunters.

Internalization of Maritime Cultural Values Through Education to Grow Early Childhood Awareness: a Review

Self-awareness is an aspect of personal self that is closely related to self-description, self-evaluation, self-esteem, self-regulation, self-efficacy, self-emotion, and self-recognition. Self-awareness is considered important for someone to have because it is more likely to be able to act normatively. The way that is considered effective to increase students' self-awareness is through the learning process at school. Through the learning process can make it easier for students to understand the content conveyed by the teacher. In addition, the provision of material in accordance with the theme being taught can show the quality of interaction, learning and especially the achievement of the expected individual development. In this case, what is interesting for teachers at schools to do is to be able to increase children's self-awareness from an early age about the potential they have both inside and outside themselves or their environment as capital to develop their potential. So far, early childhood education schools (PAUD) do not yet have a curriculum and operational guidelines that are prepared and implemented in accordance with regional conditions and student needs. As for minimizing these problems, it is necessary to develop a curriculum in the form of modules that are suitable for student needs and can be used by teachers as a reference in providing teaching materials. Especially in this case the module developed is intended for students who are on the Indonesian coast by internalizing Indonesian maritime culture.

THE DECLINE OF MARITIME CULTURE IN WADURI AND WAKALINGKUMA 1960-1990

This article attempts to describe the maritime-based culture on social interactions in Waduri and Wakalingkuma Village, Kaledupa District, Wakatobi Regency, Southeast Sulawesi, in 1960-1990. People of these villages used to be sailor communities who used bhangka and soppe boats for their sailing activities. The boats were created by both villagers themselves. In every boat making process, they were always involved an elder as a leader on certain rituals that needed. Boats making process in both villages shows typical communalism in their social interaction which is appeared in pohamba-hamba system and in nabu’a nu bhangka process as the boats had been finished. These social-cultural pattern slowly disappeared along with the decline of traditional-based sailing activities in the mid-1980s. This article contained a description of how the community responds these changes by switching to farmer activities or deciding to leave their island to find a living in another land. Based on an oral sources that is supported by relevant literature sources, this research found that changes in production schemes that depended on traditional-based sailing had a direct impact on maritime-based culture pattern on social interactions that once existed in both villages.KEYWORDS: Maritime culture, Waduri, Wakalingkuma, Bhangka, Soppe

Served on a Plate: A Late Medieval Ceramic Vessel with Sgraffito Decoration of a Sailing Ship from the Ropotamo Underwater Excavations, Black Sea, Bulgaria

We report on the interpretation of a late medieval Eastern Mediterranean glazed ceramic vessel with sgraffito decoration depicting a sailing ship. The artefact represents a chance find that was recovered outside the excavation area of the Ropotamo underwater archaeological excavations on the Southern Bulgarian Black Sea Coast in 2017. Fragments of late medieval sgraffito-decorated ceramics with depictions of sailing ships are rare. Complete examples can be considered exceptional. The Ropotamo artefact is of particular interest due to the freehand execution of its decoration, which suggests some understanding of contemporary ship proportions and seafaring practices on behalf of the artisan. The specimen is analyzed against similar artefacts and discussed in the context of maritime graffiti from the Black Sea and Eastern Mediterranean regions. The aim is to establish its potential for studying archaeological ceramics and evaluate the extent to which the decoration reflects aspects of Eastern Mediterranean maritime culture of the late Byzantine and early post-Byzantine periods. More research is required to appreciate the full potential of the Ropotamo artefact. A hypothesis for origin, dating and significance has been proposed. However, due to a shortage of published parallels, it may be subject to further refinements in the future in case more stratified similis are identified.

Культурный ландшафт Онежского Поморья как объект наследия

The research presents the results of a comprehensive survey of the cultural landscape, rural historical settlements of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation — Onega Pomorye (2018–2021). Pomorye is a special region of the Russian North, which represents the Russian version of maritime culture in the Arctic. Empirical field material, archival and museum sources, monuments of wooden architecture. In the Russian North, the natural landscape determined the direction of colonization flows, the type of settlement, and the layout of settlements. For the North, the nesting is the most characteristic type of settlement, in which settlements are located not alone, but in groups, which is reflected in the creation of well-known architectural and natural ensembles. The study involved survey of the ancient historical settlements on the territory of the Onega Pomorie (Purnema, Maloshuyka, Vorzogory) with preserved cult ensembles (called “tees”). The ensemble consists of summer cold, winter warm churches, a bell tower. Art-built temples were erected by local Onega craftsmen. A significant part of the temples of Pomorye was dedicated to the patron saint of sailors: St. Nicholas, which was reflected in the local saying “from Kholmogor to Kola 33 Nikola.” The research included the first ever survey of peasant houses and of economic and industrial architecture, ensuing their schematic measurements, the identifying of new monuments of wooden architecture, offering ideas for their conservation, use, revalorization, as well as determining possible category of protection of settlements. It has been established that wooden architecture in Pomorye acts as a specific ethno-marker of the North Russian identity. The author came up with recommendations on the preservation of cultural landscapes as objects of cultural heritage for the Administration of the Arkhangelsk region and Onega region.

Sailing and insight reproduction of Geo-Socio-Cultural unity of Nusantara/Indonesia Maritime: A study focus of Maritime Anthropology

This paper aims to explain how Indonesia was conceptualized as the Indonesian Maritime Continent. From a geo-social perspective, maritime culture can be viewed in, three major dimensions. First, Indonesia is one of the largest archipelagic countries in the world with all the geographical potential, invaluable marine, and maritime resources; second, the potential for socio-cultural, socio-demographic, socio-economic, and long maritime cultural history within the framework of the unity of the Republic of Indonesia; and third, the existence of academic core and the maritime vision of Unhas, the idea of the Indonesian Maritime Continental Development which was launched by the government in 1995/1996, and the vision of maritime national development by President Joko Widodo marked the role of academics and governments in the dynamic process of development to the phase of maritime civilization in the future. In the context of developing maritime ethnographic studies and anthropological contributions to the development of maritime civilization in the future, ideas and academic commitment are needed to make the Indonesian Archipelagic State a large and unique area of maritime socio-cultural research development in the world and Southeast Asia in particular. Thus, interdisciplinary, transdisciplinary, comparative, and multidisciplinary research is needed to carry out broadly and intensively. For this reason, through my inauguration speech for Professor of Anthropology in Hasanuddin University, I introduced a focus of maritime anthropology studies on sailing experiences and the reproduction of Nusantara/Indonesian maritime geo-socio-cultural insights. Through the application of the concept of experience and reproduction of maritime geo-socio-cultural insights which were developed from the concept of maritime ethos disposition theory of reproduction from A.H.J. Prins as a mode of description and analysis, I found the categories of maritime cultural insights and attitudes of Indonesian sailors. They understand most of the territorial waters of the Nusantara (archipelago) and the resources within as common property, a space for interaction between groups of sailors who are diverse in their maritime ethnicity and culture, which in turn strengthens awareness and recognition of the unity of the homeland, culture, and nation that is Bhinneka Tunggal Ika (unity in diversity).

Penguasaan dan Pengembangan Iptek Kemaritiman Guna Mewujudkan Indonesia Sebagai Poros Maritim Dunia

Science and technology is always experiencing dynamics in the form of changes and developments. Industrial revolution 4.0. has brought new technology which is always characterized by cyber physical systems such as artificial intelligence, advance robotics, autonomous vehicles, 3d printing, virtual reality, and crypto currency, and others. The impact of the presence of these new technologies brings major and fundamental changes in various fields of life, including the maritime sector. The industrial revolution 4.0., has given rise to the phenomenon of shifting community activities which were initially carried out in the real world, now carried out in cyberspace. Everything is digital and all activities are done online with the help of internet media. In realizing the vision of the five pillars of PMD through the mastery and development of science and technology, several strategies are needed, including: (1) Building a maritime culture, through efforts: (a) the use and application of smart education technology, (b) carry out a cultural revolution or mental revolution, (c) build and expand internet network access infrastructure that is evenly distributed and reaches all regions of Indonesia. (2) Utilization of Maritime Natural Resources, with strategies, including: (a) Increasing the quantity and quality of exploration and management of natural resources classified as potential recoverable resources. (b) Increase the quantity and quality of exploration and management in the field of natural resources which are classified as potential non-recoverable resources, such as large oil and gas, minerals and mining materials. (c) Improving marine tourism management based on marine natural resources. (3) Development of Maritime Infrastructure and Connectivity, through efforts to prioritize the development of sea highways for inter-island domestic connectivity, by developing port infrastructure, and shipping and navigation safety infrastructure. (4) Improving Maritime Diplomacy, through strategies to strengthen diplomacy in the economic sector, diplomacy in the defense sector, and digital diplomacy. (5) Maritime Defense, through increasing the ability of defense equipment to defend the country's sovereignty, the territorial integrity of the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia, and the safety of all ethnic groups from all forms of threats .

Syair Perahu Karya Hamzah Fansuri Dalam Kaitannya Dengan Budaya Maritim di Singkel

Hamzah Fansuri lived in the early era of the peak of the Aceh Darussalam kingdom. The Kingdom of Aceh Darussalam at that time visited by many traders from Arab, Parsi, Turkish, Bengal (India), Siamese, Portuguese, and Spain. Hamzah Fansuri is a Sufism scholar who developed Islamic teaching trough his poems. One of his poems is Syair Perahu. Syair Perahu besides containing Sufism also is related to the trade and wealth of Singkel sea. The discovery of foreign ceramics along the Singkel river is one proof of trade in the past. This research use method of manuscript study. The reason for choosing text studies is because Hamzah Fansuri produced many literary works in the form of poetry. The approach used in this study is historical archaeology to reveal the maritime culture of Singkel trough Syair Perahu by Hamzah Fansuri. Data collection is done trough literature study by collecting books, documents, and paper relating to the life history of Hamzah Fansuri and and literary works that he produces. The purpose of this reseach is to determine the relationship between Syair Perahu and maritime culture of Singkel. Based on a study of Syair Perahu, it is known that Hamzah Fansuri not only discusses the Sufism but also provides information about Singkel and trade in its time.

Mermaid Iconography and Early Modern Anglo-American Maritime Culture

This article builds upon recent research on early modern Anglo-American maritime culture to demonstrate how mariners used shared mermaid iconography (such as spaces, symbolism, objects, superstitions, and songs) to cultivate an ‘imagined community’ that linked their lives at sea to that on land, and vice versa. Ships and taverns were key to such efforts, as these public spheres – themselves branded by mermaid iconography – served as well-recognised nodes of maritime identity-ways. Ultimately, early modern Anglo-American sailors claimed mermaid iconography as critical symbols of maritime culture that transcended space and time, thereby helping diverse constituents of global empires to create connections wherever they travelled.

Territorial Distribution of Maritime Symbols in Public Spaces of Klaipėda City

The geographical location of Klaipeda city determined that a suitable space for the formation of maritime culture was created here. There are a number of exceptional objects of small and large architecture in the public spaces of the city, some of which are related to the sea. However, it must be stated that the city still lacks objects that glorify famous personalities who have contributed to the fostering of maritime culture and the promotion of Lithuania as a maritime country. Methods used in the research: observation, object photography, cartographic, expert surveys. The study analyzes the diversity of maritime symbols and their territorial distribution in the public spaces of Klaipeda city. Trends in the renewal and further development of maritime elements are also presented in order to form the image of the city and foster maritime culture. This research should expand the boundaries of cognition of maritime culture and contribute to the strengthening of the maritime image of Klaipeda city. Keywords: Klaipeda city, maritime symbols, maritime themes, public spaces.

Relationship with Marine Environmental Consciousness and Maritime Culture in Turkey

The maritime states, which have adopted the tradition of using the seas continuously in the historical process, have increased their power and wealth by the way of maritime culture and tradition they have created, and have become more sensitive to the marine environment. In this article, how the maritime culture was acquired, its effects on the maritimization of countries, and environmental awareness were examined, and the things to be done for the future social life were investigated. It has been observed that the maritime strategy implemented by developed countries is remarkable in all areas of life from the individual to the state, in terms of understanding the importance of maritimization and finding its application area. It was discussed the general situation in maritime culture and marine environmental awareness in Turkey. It is important to ensure that the public is well informed and to gain this awareness and to voluntarily participate in activities aimed at protecting the marine environment. As a result, the importance of conveying scientific findings to the public in a language that can be easily understood and the emphasis of the state on maritime culture and policies towards the conservation of the marine environment with a holistic approach was emphasized.

Visual Exploration through Visual Communication Design Work Creation as an Introduction Attempt of Marine Biodiversity phase 2 – Nudibranchs

Nudibranchs are a part of marine biota that have a very interesting visual appearance. There are over 3,000 species of nudibranchs that have been discovered. Their varied visual appearances, in both shapes and colours, have made nudibranchs very popular in Underwater Macro Photography (UMP). Nudibranchs’ visual appearances can be a big potential if processed through visual communication design, especially illustration. Nudibranchs’ visual strength and illustration’s fluidity can give life to nudibranchs’ visual appearances and make them a part of Indonesia’s maritime culture. By introducing nudibranchs to Indonesians, especially the young generations, the researchers hope that the young generations will gain more interest in the ocean. This research seeks to elevate nudibranchs as maritime visual ambassadors in the effort of developing Indonesians’ maritime paradigm.

Review: The role of local belief and wisdom of the Bajo community in marine conservation efforts

Abstract. Maulidyna A, Hartawan BS, Agustin HN, Irfan AN, Septiasari A, Utina R, Setyawan AD. 2019. Review: The role of local belief and wisdom of the Bajo Community in marine conservation efforts. Intl J Bonorowo Wetlands 11: 48-63. The Bajo tribe are originally sea nomads, living in eastern Indonesia, South Philippines and North Borneo. They are identified by their marine culture and sama language. They have similarities with the Orang Laut tribe in western Indonesia and the Moken tribe in the Mergui Archipelago in terms of exploring the seas. Today, most Bajo ethnic groups no longer wander on houseboat and live in a certain place, although they still preserve maritime culture, they have similar social and cultural features, including shared shipbuilding and fishing, traditions, beliefs and myths. The Bajo tribe who live from marine natural resources have a close relationship with the marine and coastal environment, so that it raises the values of environmental concern in maintaining the sea and coast. This study aims to determine the environmental conservation of the Bajo tribe based on their beliefs. The Bajo tribe is one of the tribal communities that manage, maintain and utilize marine biological resources based on cultural norms and values that have been institutionalized and attached to the Bajo community, and are maintained through social control based on their belief system. This belief brings the Bajo people to fear breaking the taboo or pamali that has existed since their ancestors orally and from generation to generation. The Bajo people have wisdom to protect the marine environment, namely corals, mangroves, and marine resources. They have a high concern for preserving coral reefs as a buffer for the underwater ecosystem, and they are very aware of the need to preserve the sources that are the basis of their livelihood fulfillment.

Research on the Coastal Marine Environment and Rural Sustainable Development Strategy of Island Countries—Taking the Penghu Islands as an Example

In this study, we examined the keelboat industry on Penghu Island in Taiwan as an example to discuss sustainable development strategies for the marine environment and villages. First, three experts were consulted to compile questionnaires. A snowball sampling method was used to collect 278 samples of residents and tourists living in the coastal area. Opinions were collected from 8 residents, crew members, tourists, and scholars. The data were finally summarized and compared by triangulation method and then examined. We found that introducing the keelboat industry could preserve maritime culture, increase local popularity and leisure options for people, create business opportunities, and improve the economy. It could also lead to a loss of coastal architectural features, increased the amount of trash in the community, around the harbor, and on the sea, no improvement in public facilities and medical care, and decreased the willingness of young people to return to their hometowns. Encouraging men to work in tourism-related industries, assisting in balancing job opportunities, strengthening villagers’ communication, improving tourists’ environmental literacy, adding onboard guides, improving women’s professional knowledge of marine ecology and working opportunities for boat maintenance, as well as actively participating in community development planning, can improve the current situation and achieve the goal of sustainable development.

From dugouts to double outriggers; Lexical insights into the development of Swahili nautical technology

The early history of nautical technology in the western Indian Ocean and adjoining parts of the eastern Africa coast is poorly understood. In the absence of evidence from shipwrecks, it has hitherto been based largely on the uncertain interpretation of a few documentary references and speculation surrounding technological parallels and assumed lexical resemblances. This paper examines some of the linguistic evidence in a more rigorous way, by undertaking a cross-dialectal comparison of names for watercraft and terms for outriggers in Swahili ( Kiswahili ), a Bantu language spoken on the islands and in scattered communities along the western seaboard of the Indian Ocean. The resulting analysis provides a new outline of the development of Swahili nautical technology and maritime culture, highlighting the key role played by particular boat forms, and the relative importance of indigenous innovation and different external influences, including the elusive impacts of Austronesian seafaring.

A traditional sport: Smuggling among South Funen sailors, 1950-1990

Using vessels and sailors from the South Funen Archipelago as a case study, this article examines the relationship between smuggling and sailors in Danish maritime culture between 1950 and 1990. Throughout the period, small-scale smuggling was considered a legitimate activity for sailors if done according to certain rules. Smuggling was largely portrayed as a sport grounded in tradition, not as an oppositional political act, but rather politically implicit. Central to the article is the argument that smuggling is not just an economic phenomenon conditioned by the interplay of supply and demand, but a cultural phenomenon related to state power, maritime culture and the onboard community.