Marine Science Laboratory Research Articles

Fortification of Shrimp Shell Flour as a Source of Calcium on the Preference Level of Bread

This research aim was to find the most preferred percentage of shrimp shell flour fortification on white bread. This research used an experimental method with 20 semi-trained panelists and 5 treatments of shrimp shell flour percentages which were 0%; 2,5%; 5%; 7,5%; and 10%. The parameters in this research were yield of shrimp shells, bread volume development, and calcium content which were analyzed with a comparative descriptive method; and preference level which was analyzed using the Friedman test. Fisheries Product Processing Laboratory, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science and Test Service Laboratory, Faculty of Agro-Industrial Technology, Padjadjaran University, between January and June 2023. Yield and volume development were tested by the ratio of the mass of shrimp shells flour and shrimp shells (yield test) and dough volume and white bread loaf (volume development test) times 100%. The Preference test used an organoleptic test with each panelist being given a test sheet to test 5 treatments of white bread fortified with shrimp shell flour and to test their preference level on 4 characteristics; which were color, aroma, texture, and taste. Calcium content was tested using the atomic absorption spectrophotometer method on the control treatment (0%) and the most preferred treatment. Yield result from shrimp shell flour was 27.8% (139 gr) from its initial mass (500 gr). Volume development of white bread showed decreases in volume with each treatment from 136.433% to 111.504%. The most preferred fortification of shrimp shell flour on white bread was treatment 2.5% with an alternative value of 7.22 and characteristic value of color 9, aroma 7, taste 7, and texture 7, which means overall still preferred. The calcium content within treatment 2.5% was 30.095 mg/100gr which is significantly higher than the calcium of treatment 0% (1.465 mg/100gr) and could assist humans meet their calcium needs.

THE ENVIRONMENTAL PARAMETERS SUITABILITY FOR MULTISPECIES-BASED MARICULTURE IN PONGOK ISLAND WATERS, BANGKA BELITUNG

Pongok Island possesses small islands surrounded by waters with some primary commodities of sea farming. Seeking appropriate locations for marine aquaculture is a careful planning step to acquire optimal results. The sustainability of sea farming areas should be set based on considering species for easy implementation. This research aimed to analyse the area's suitability for aquaculture activities of seaweed cultivation, rearing groupers, and lobsters in floating net cages, and pearl oyster farming. This research occurred from June to November 2022 in Pongok Islands, South Bangka Regency, Indonesia. The method used in this research consisted of parameters weighting and scoring for cultivating seaweeds, groupers, or lobsters utilizing floating net cages and pearl oysters. Sea water samples analysis was processed in the Marine Science Laboratory of Bangka Belitung University and PT Global Quality Analytical, Bogor – West Java. Collected data were then scaled based on expert justification of scaling priority on aquaculture suitability. The mapping area of sea farming locations based on potential resources was then determined using map software. This research indicates that cultivating seaweeds is recommended to be established in two stations, 1 (149.79 ha) and 2 (186.46 ha), that are very suitable (S1) and the suitable (S2) categories, respectively. Station 3 (325.41 ha) and 4 (4.11 ha) are grouped into very suitable (S1) categories for pearl oysters and groupers or lobsters using floating net cages, respectively. The total estimate for sea farming in the waters of Pongok Island is 665.77 ha. Allocating seawater spaces should be assigned for sustainable fishery management. Maps of area suitability for sea farming can obviate conflicts in seawater areas.

Kandungan Mikroplastik Pada Gastropoda di Kawasan Tahura Ngurah Rai, Bali


 
 
 
 The mangrove ecosystem can be affected by the dangers of microplastics, indicated by various associated biota that lives in it, one of them being gastropods. This study aimed to determine microplastics’ content in gastropod body mangrove sediments at Tahura Ngurah Rai, Bali using gastropods as bioindicators. This research was conducted from May to June 2022, using in situ and ex situ methods. In situ, data were conducted at Tahura Ngurah Rai, Bali, as the sampling location, and ex situ data were conducted at Udayana University’s marine science laboratory by sample processing. The data taken includes the characteristics of microplastics, including the type, size, color, and abundance of microplastics in gastropods at the sampling station. Results showed that 5 families of gastropods (Ellobiidae, Littorinidae, Muricidae, Neritidae, and Potamididae) were contaminated with microplastics, with the highest abundance found in Potamididae, with the number 4,06 ± 2,19 particles/individual. The types of microplastics obtained were fragments, fibers, and films dominated by fibers collected 210 particles. The color of the microplastics varies and dominated with black colored microplastics was found 78 particles, and the size of microplastics is dominated by < 1 mm particles with several 145 particles. The highest abundance of microplastics was found on site 12 with the number 5,67 ± 4,04 particles/individual.
 
 
 

Pemanfaatan Sistem Monitoring Kualitas Air Berbasis Jarak Jauh Di Pokdakan Mikro Bio Ebi, Kota Pangkalpinang, Bangka Belitung

The industrial revolution 4.0 has begun to develop in aquaculture activities by utilizing the internet of things (IoT) in the last decade. The increase in intensive shrimp farming on Bangka Island in recent years is still conventional witfar from the use of digital and internet-based technology, especially vaname shrimp farming, including the Bio Ebi Micro Pokdakan in Air Mawar Village. This activity aims to design a water quality monitoring system that can be used in vaname shrimp aquaculture ponds. The main components in designing a remote-based pond water quality monitoring system consist of sensors, processing, data transmission, data storage and display. The activity has started with the design of a water quality monitoring tool in October - November 2022 in the Instrumentation and Acoustics Section of the Marine Science Laboratory at Bangka Belitung University which is then used by partners to monitor water quality conditions in shrimp ponds at Pokdakan Mikro Bio Ebi partners

Research progress and hotspot analysis of heavy metal pollution of sediments in the Bohai Sea based on CiteSpace literature metrology

Using the core collection of Web of Science and the literature of CNKI as data sources, this study uses the Citespace knowledge map analysis tool to analyze the annual publication volume, author group, publication organization, keyword clustering, and the emergence of heavy metals in Bohai Sea sediments. Then explore the research status, hotspots, and future development trends of heavy metals in Bohai Sea sediments. The organization with the most publications is the Chinese Academy of Sciences. The author with the most publications is Liu Jihua from the Qingdao National Marine Science and Technology Laboratory. The study of heavy metals in Bohai Sea sediments focuses on some areas' spatial distribution, risk assessment, and source analysis. In the future, we will further explore the large-area and long-term spatiotemporal distribution characteristics, quantitative source analysis, and comprehensive evaluation system of heavy metals in Bohai Sea sediments.

Building a More Inclusive and Impactful Marine STEM Undergraduate Research Experience: The Marine Science Laboratory Alliance Center of Excellence for Broadening Participation

Mote Marine Laboratory serves as the lead institution on the National Science Foundation funded Louis Stokes Alliance for Minority Participation: Marine Science Laboratory Alliance Center of Excellence (MarSci-LACE). The goal of this innovative Center of Excellence is to understand the impact of marine STEM undergraduate research experiences, specifically those conducted at non-academic, independent research institutions. The Center considers not only undergraduate students’ learning but also psychosocial factors, career aspirations, the impacts of the approaches and perspectives of mentors, institutional support of student learning, and mentor skill development. Through this project, a number of resources have been developed, including the MarSci-LACE Mentor Development Workshop, an Intern Resource Guide and website, a Mentor Resource Guide, and intern recruitment materials.

Toxicity test of LC-50 (Lethal Concentration) surfactant LAS (Linear Alkylbenzene Sulfonate) against white snapper (Lates calcarifer) fingerlings on a laboratory scale

LAS (Linear Alkylbenzene Sulfonate) surfactants are the main cleaning agents from the anionic group found in detergents that are widely used in Indonesia. LAS decomposes in surface water for 1-2 days, in sediments it decomposes for 1-3 days, in marine and estuarine systems it decomposes for 5-10 days. LAS is generally degraded by as much as 90% within 3 months, with a time ranging from 5-30 days (World Health Organization, 1996). LAS surfactants can cause damage to the gill epithelium and blockage of branchiola channels in fish. This study aims to determine the toxic effect of LAS surfactant on the survival of white snapper (Lates calcarifer) fry and to determine the toxicity value of LC50 (Lethal Concentration) of LAS surfactant to white snapper (Lates calcarifer) fry on a laboratory scale. This research was carried out on September 21 – October 04, 2021 at the Marine Science Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Malikussaleh University using laboratory experimental methods with 5 treatments, namely: control treatment A (0 ppm), B (0.83 ppm), C (1.58 ppm). ), D (2.16 ppm), and E (2.91 ppm). The results of this study cause barramundi to experience irregular movements, mouth opening and operculum tend to be fast and irregular, scales are pale and peeling, and cause death, LAS surfactants affect water quality such as pH and dissolved oxygen, but have no effect on salinity and temperature. The 24-hour LC50 value is 1.95 ppm, the 48-hour LC50 value is 1.86 ppm, the 72-hour LC50 value is 1.70 ppm, and the 96-hour LC50 value is 1.58 ppm.Key words : LAS surfactant; LC50; toxicity; white snapper

Toxicity test of LC-50 (Lethal Concentration) surfactant LAS (Linear Alkylbenzene Sulfonate) against white snapper (Lates calcarifer) fingerlings on a laboratory scale

LAS (Linear Alkylbenzene Sulfonate) surfactants are the main cleaning agents from the anionic group found in detergents that are widely used in Indonesia. LAS decomposes in surface water for 1-2 days, in sediments it decomposes for 1-3 days, in marine and estuarine systems it decomposes for 5-10 days. LAS is generally degraded by as much as 90% within 3 months, with a time ranging from 5-30 days (World Health Organization, 1996). LAS surfactants can cause damage to the gill epithelium and blockage of branchiola channels in fish. This study aims to determine the toxic effect of LAS surfactant on the survival of white snapper (Lates calcarifer) fry and to determine the toxicity value of LC50 (Lethal Concentration) of LAS surfactant to white snapper (Lates calcarifer) fry on a laboratory scale. This research was carried out on September 21 – October 04, 2021 at the Marine Science Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Malikussaleh University using laboratory experimental methods with 5 treatments, namely: control treatment A (0 ppm), B (0.83 ppm), C (1.58 ppm). ), D (2.16 ppm), and E (2.91 ppm). The results of this study cause barramundi to experience irregular movements, mouth opening and operculum tend to be fast and irregular, scales are pale and peeling, and cause death, LAS surfactants affect water quality such as pH and dissolved oxygen, but have no effect on salinity and temperature. The 24-hour LC50 value is 1.95 ppm, the 48-hour LC50 value is 1.86 ppm, the 72-hour LC50 value is 1.70 ppm, and the 96-hour LC50 value is 1.58 ppm.Key words: LAS surfactant; LC50; toxicity; white snapper

Corrigendum: Saturation sensitivity and influencing factors of marine DC resistivity inversion to submarine gas hydrate

Incorrect AffiliationIn the published article, there was an error in affiliations 2. Instead of “1Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou) / Key Laboratory of Ocean and Marginal Sea Geology, Sanya Institute of Oceanography, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China”, it should be “1Key Laboratory of Ocean and Marginal Sea Geology, Sanya Institute of Oceanography, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China; 2Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, China ”. The authors apologize for this error and state that this does not change the scientific conclusions of the article in any way. The original article has been updated.

(Keynote) Spectroscopic and Theoretical Studies of HOR/HER Electrochemical Interfaces

Hydrogen fuel cells and water splitting electrolyzers are clean electrochemical devices toward the sustainable utilization of H2 as an energy carrier to replace traditional fossil fuels, in which hydrogen oxidation and evolution (HOR/HER) are two key reactions. Regardless of the apparent simplicity of these two reactions that involve *H as the only surface intermediates, the reaction mechanisms are still under intensive debate.It has been well reported that the HOR/HER kinetics in alkaline media is about two orders of magnitude slower than that in acid environment on Pt-group metals, while the reasons are not fully revealed. In this work, power surface-enhanced infrared absorption spectroscopy (SEIRAS) is utilized to directly monitoring the structures of HOR/HER electrochemical interfaces in a wide pH range. Through the changes of vibrational wavenumbers of Pt-H and O-H stretching, we find both the weakened *H and H2O binding strength on Pt as the solution pH increases, which are important contributions to the lowered reaction kinetics. Through constructing density functional theory (DFT) and ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) simulation models that contain various interfacial parameters, HER activation energy barriers as a function of pH are further elaborated.In addition, Ru adatoms have been found to significantly accelerate HER/HOR kinetics on Pt in alkaline media. However, the promotion mechanism is unclear. Through directly monitoring the vibrational features of Pt-H and Ru-H on Ru-modified Pt thin films, we find that the HER/HOR kinetics is proportional to the Ru coverage, which unambiguously demonstrates Ru overlayer as the true active sites, instead of an auxiliary to Pt through the oxophilicity or alloying effects as proposed previously. DFT calculations illustrate that the strain and electronic effects of the Pt substrate lead to the more suitable binding energies of *H and *OH on the Ru overlayer, which lower the activation barrier of the rate-determining Volmer step.The authors acknowledge the support from Hong Kong Research Grant Council (16308420, 16310419, C6011-20G, and HKUST PDFS2021-6S08), Hong Kong Branch of Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou) (SMSEGL20SC01), and Hong Kong Innovation and Technology Commission (ITC-CNERC14EG03).

Rasio Jumlah Mikroplastik dan Plankton di Kawasan Perairan Teluk Benoa, Bali


 
 
 
 Plastic waste will degrade in the water and will break down into small particles called microplastics. Microplastics have a shape similar to food sources for marine organisms such as plankton, where if these microplastics are accidentally ingested by marine organisms it will enter the food chain and end up in humans through bioaccumulation and biomagnification. Plankton are divided into two types, namely phytoplankton as the main water producer and zooplankton as the second energy level that connects major producers with consumers at a higher level of food. This research was conducted to determine the type and ratio of the amount of microplastic and plankton as a source of food for marine organisms. This research was conducted in the waters of Benoa Bay, which is a semi-closed water area and has a variety of activities and there are also two large rivers that can contribute to pollution waste in the waters of Benoa Bay, this can lead to competition between the amount of plastic and plankton as the main producer in food chain. This research was conducted from February to July 2020 and sample analysis was carried out at the Marine Science Laboratory, Faculty of Marine and Fisheries Sciences, Udayana University. Sampling is done by pulling the trawl horizontally with a distance of 500 meters and a constant boat speed of 5 km/hour. The composition of the types of microplastics found were film, fragment, foam and fiber. The highest composition of phytoplankton comes from the Bacillariophyceae class, while the highest composition of zooplankton comes from the Malacostraca class. The average total abundance of microplastics is 1.69 particles/m3, while the average total abundance of plankton is 2851 Ind/m3 and a ratio of 1:1687. This result shows that until now the abundance of plankton is still much greater than the abundance of microplastics in the waters. However, considering the high amount of plastic use from household and tourism activities, it can also increase the inclusion of plastic waste that will enter the ocean.
 
 
 

The analysis of d90 and d50 sediment grain size in Alue Naga estuary, Banda Aceh City

The study of d50 and d90 sediment grain size in the Alue Naga estuary of Banda Aceh City, which was taken in December-March 2017 was completed. The purpose of the study is to determine the size of d50 and d90 sediment diameters and how it was dispersed along the estuarial area. The study used 15 stations sampling which was determined by purposive random sampling. The results of 15 sediment samples were then analyzed at the Marine Science Laboratory using a multilevel sieve method and evaluated using the Wentworth sieve analysis method. The results of the analysis showed that the largest particle size of d50 was 1.44 mm at station 14, and the biggest particle size of d90 of 3.5 mm was also obtained at station 14. The results attained were due to the dynamics of the ocean currents and the flow of the river interacting at station 14. This could happen because during the high tide, the dominant flow is coming from the sea, it causes a large size of d90 grained size sediment while during the low tide the dominant flow is from upstream of river so that the size of 50% sediment is also dominant.

Phytochemical compounds of Enhalus acoroides from Wanci Island (Wakatobi) and Talango Island (Madura) Indonesia

The existence of Enhalus acoroides certainly gives important influence to the ecosystem, both as a producer in the food web and as a living habitat. In the last decade, Enhalus acoroides was widely used as an object of marine bioprospection research. That research showed potential results as antibacterial, antifungal, even as antifouling. This is a good reason to know the content of phytochemical compounds in Enhalus acoroides from two different locations. The purpose of research purpose to determine (1) the crude extract produced by Enhalus acoroides from two different locations; and (2) the phytochemical compounds contained in the crude extract of Enhalus acoroides from two different locations. This study this research was to used samples collected from Wanci Island (Wakatobi), and Talango Island (Madura), Indonesia. The extraction process and phytochemical test were conducted at the Marine Science Laboratory, FPIK, University of Brawijaya, and lasted for two months, from June 2017 to September 2017. The extraction was done by three solvent, are methanol, ethyl acetate and chloroform. Furthermore, phytochemical test was performed qualitatively. The results provided that the yield produced by Enhalus acoroides from Wanci Island, Wakatobi is relatively lower than Talango Island, Madura. Enhalus acoroides is also renowned to contain phytochemical compounds of tannins and saponins.

Equity in Author Order: A Feminist Laboratory’s Approach

Author order is crucial; it is the currency of academia. Within STEM disciplines, women and junior researchers--those who are the primary constituents of our lab-- consistently receive less credit for equal work. Our Civic Laboratory for Environmental Action Research (CLEAR) is a feminist marine science laboratory at Memorial University of Newfoundland, Canada. Recognizing that the stakes are high for CLEAR members, we have developed an approach to author order that emphasizes process and equity rather than system and equality. Our process is premised on: 1) deciding author order vy consensus; 2) valuing care work and other forms of labour that are usually left out of scientific value systems; and 3) taking intersectional social standing into account. Although CLEAR’s approach differs from others’, we take author order seriously as a compromised but dominant structure within science we must contend with. That is, rather than attempt to circumvent author order, we stay with the trouble. This article outlines this process.

In Vitro Phytochemical and Inhibitory Potential Test of Bawang Hutan Bulb Extract (Eleutherine palmifolia) on Vibrio harveyi

The objectives of this study were to analyze phytochemical content of bawang hutan bulbs extract ( Eleutherine palmifolia ) and to test the inhibitory potential of bawang hutan bulbs extract on the growth of Vibrio harveyi bacteria at different doses. This study was conducted in March-May 2017 in Testing Laboratory of Fisheries and Marine Science Faculty of Halu Oleo University and Laboratory of Fish Health of Aquaculture Department of Fisheries and Marine Science Faculty and Laboratory of Biopharmaca of Bogor Agricultural University. Test parameter included: (1) Phytochemical test through the method of color visualization, (2) Inhibitory potential test using two methods namely agar diffusion and co-culture. Treatment of dose consisted of positive control/K+ (Chloramphenicol 30 mg/ml), negative control/K- (Sterile Aquadest) and treatment of extract included A (20 mg/ml), B (40 mg/ml), C (60 mg/ml), D (80 mg/ml). Qualitatively, result of phytochemical test showed that bawang hutan bulbs extract contained flavonoid, tannin, saponin, quinone, steroid and triterpenoid compounds. Result of inhibitory potential test indicated that treatment D obtained the highest inhibitory potential, while the minimum inhibitory potential was found in treatment A. The best co-culture test result was also found in treatment D, in which 24 hours after co-culture was performed, no V. harveyi colonies (total bacteria of 0 CFU/mL) were found. Bawang hutan bulbs extract in this study was able to inhibit the growth of V. harveyi.

EFFECTIVITY OF GARLIC ( Allium sativum L ) EXTRACT ON BUTTERFLY-SHAPED DRY GREATER SCISSORTAIL ( Rasbora caudimaculata) QUALITY IMPROVEMENT

This study aims to know and determine the effectivity of optimum addition of garlic (Allium sativum L) on the dry butterfly-shaped greater scissortail fish (Rasbora caudimaculata) quality. The benefit of the study is an information source on the benefit of garlic on the dry scissortail product and as one of the diversification form of fisheries processed products. It was conducted in Fish Processing Laboratory of Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, UNLAM, Banjarbaru, and Basic Science Laboratory, UNLAM, Banjarbaru. The study was done for 3 months covering laboratory analysis, data analysis and reporting.It used a Complete Randomized Design with 4 treatments each of which with 3 replications. Treatment O was taken as control, 5% salt solution immersion, A: immersion in 5% salt solution added with 10% garlic extract, B: immersion in 5% salt solution added with 15% garlic extract, and C: immersion in 5% salt solution added with 20% garlic extract. Data included chemical test, such as water content, fat, and protein, and organoleptic test, such as taste, aroma, color, and texture.Results showed that the lowest mean water content was found in treatment B, 16.65%, fat in treatment O, 12.5066%, and the highest protein content was recorded in treatment O, 50.81%. Immersion in the garlic extract solution did not give significantly different effect on water content, fat, and protein of the dry butterfly-shaped greater scissortail. The organoleptic test reflected that the panellists preferred the taste and aroma of the dry butterfly great scissortail at treatment C, treatment O for color, and treatment A for texture. As conclusion, treatment C gave the best quality of the dry butterfly-shaped great scissortail product.

Novel poly(imide dioxime) sorbents: Development and testing for enhanced extraction of uranium from natural seawater

A new series of amidoxime-based polymer adsorbents were synthesized at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) by electron beam induced grafting of acrylonitrile and itaconic acid onto polyethylene fiber. Hydroxylamine derivatives of poly(acrylonitrile) (PAN) moiety are demonstrated to possess two kinds of functional groups: open-chain amidoxime and cyclic imide dioxime. The open-chain amidoxime is shown to convert to imide dioxime on heat treatment in the presence of an aprotic solvent, like dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO). The formation of amidoxime and imide dioxime was confirmed by 13C CP-MAS spectra. The adsorbents were evaluated for uranium adsorption efficiency at ORNL with simulated seawater spiked with 8ppm uranium and 5gallon seawater in a batch reactor, and in flow-through columns with natural seawater at the Marine Science Laboratory (MSL) of Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) at Sequim Bay, WA. The DMSO-heat-treated sorbents adsorbed uranium as high as 4.48g-U/kg-ads. from seawater. Experimental evidence is presented that the poly(imide dioxime) is primarily responsible for enhanced uranium adsorption capacity from natural seawater. The conjugated system in the imide dioxime ligand possesses increased electron donation ability, which is believed to significantly enhance the uranyl coordination in seawater.

Effect of Biofouling on the Performance of Amidoxime-Based Polymeric Uranium Adsorbents

The Marine Science Laboratory at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory evaluated the impact of biofouling on the performance or uranium adsorbents. A surface-modified polyethylene adsorbent fiber provided by Oak Ridge National Laboratory, AF adsorbent, was tested in either the presence or absence of light to simulate deployment in shallow or deep marine environments. Samples of the adsorbent fiber were exposed to seawater as loose fibers packed with glass beads in columns and as >10-cm-long braids of fiber placed in a flume that provided a continuous flow representative of natural ocean currents. Exposure tests (42 days) in column and flume settings showed that biofouling resulted in decreased uranium uptake by the adsorbent fiber. Uranium uptake was reduced by up to 30%, in the presence of simulated sunlight, which also increased biomass accumulation and altered the microbial community composition on the fibers. These results suggest that deployment below the photic zone would mitigate the effects of...

How many donor colonies should be cross-fertilized for nursery farming of sexually propagated corals?

Coral reef restoration approaches have often utilized adult colonies as sources for fragments (i.e. clones) to be transplanted. Although restoration through this method is fast and cheap, it has been pointed out that it may reduce genetic diversity of the restored population. Low genetic diversity is a concern for reef restoration when seed fragments are raised asexually from only a few donor colonies. This can lead to lower fertilization rates among seed fragments, and reducing the longterm benefits of reef restoration in particular areas. Additionally, low genetic diversity can compound the effects of increased ocean temperature and other environmental stressors, further jeopardizing the health of a reef. An alternative approach through sexually propagated coral cultures and out-plantings can alleviate this problem. Sexually produced offsprings are more genetically diverse. They can be produced in far greater numbers than coral fragments and do not imply destructive methods. Ongoing research at the Akajima Marine Science Laboratory in Okinawa, Japan has helped to improve the production and maintenance of sexually propagated larval cultures. Our results show that crosses between gametes from 6 or more colonies will provide the highest fertilization rate (>95%). Based on the results, we suggest the use of 6 or more donor colonies for practical gamete fertilization in sexually derived coral culture.

Who is moving where? Molecular evidence reveals patterns of range shift in the acorn barnacle Hexechamaesipho pilsbryi in Asia

MEPS Marine Ecology Progress Series Contact the journal Facebook Twitter RSS Mailing List Subscribe to our mailing list via Mailchimp HomeLatest VolumeAbout the JournalEditorsTheme Sections MEPS 488:187-200 (2013) - DOI: https://doi.org/10.3354/meps10385 Who is moving where? Molecular evidence reveals patterns of range shift in the acorn barnacle Hexechamaesipho pilsbryi in Asia Ling Ming Tsang1, Benny K. K. Chan2, Gray A. Williams3, Ka Hou Chu1,* 1Simon F. S. Li Marine Science Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR 2Biodiversity Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan, ROC 3The Swire Institute of Marine Science and School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR *Corresponding author. Email: kahouchu@cuhk.edu.hk ABSTRACT: Global warming is predicted to cause a shift in the geographic ranges of marine organisms. Such shifts have already been observed with the polar retreat of temperate species and northern expansion of more tropical species. Hexechamaesipho pilsbryi is an intertidal acorn barnacle first identified by Hiro in 1936. Hiro reported the southern limit of H. pilsbryi as southern Kyushu Island, Japan. However, H. pilsbryi has recently been recorded in Taiwan as well as Maritime Southeast Asia—suggesting a recent southward range extension into tropical waters that would be contrary to general predictions. To test this hypothesis, we compared the mitochondrial COI gene sequences of 200 individuals sampled from two sites in the previously reported range, and nine sites in the newly reported localities. Two highly diverged lineages were found: a northern lineage, predominantly in Japan and Okinawa, and a southern lineage, primarily in Taiwan and Southeast Asia. The unimodal mismatch distribution and the star-like shaped haplotype network suggest recent demographic expansion in the southern lineage. The molecular data, therefore, rejected the southward extension hypothesis, and instead supported an alternative scenario of a northward range shift of the southern lineage from Southeast Asia to Taiwan. Our results reveal that range shifts in cryptic or poorly studied marine taxa may confound the identification of species’ distributions and consequent interpretation of possible changes in ranges and sources of invasion. The application of molecular data to identify and monitor such changes can address these problems and permits a rapid and sensitive confirmation of such events. KEY WORDS: Global warming · Intertidal · Biogeography · Cryptic species · Population genetics · Chthamalidae Full text in pdf format PreviousNextCite this article as: Tsang LM, Chan BKK, Williams GA, Chu KH (2013) Who is moving where? Molecular evidence reveals patterns of range shift in the acorn barnacle Hexechamaesipho pilsbryi in Asia. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 488:187-200. https://doi.org/10.3354/meps10385 Export citation RSS - Facebook - Tweet - linkedIn Cited by Published in MEPS Vol. 488. Online publication date: August 15, 2013 Print ISSN: 0171-8630; Online ISSN: 1616-1599 Copyright © 2013 Inter-Research.