Maratua Island Research Articles

Analysis of the Concept of Sustainable Tourism in Maratua Island, Berau Regency, East Kalimantan Province

Sustainable tourism based on marine tourism on maratua island, berau regency, east Kalimantan province, Indonesia has challenges and perspectives from the side of tourists and tourists. PT. X and PT. Y was chosen as the object of research because it has CHSE certification from the Indonesian Ministry of Tourism and Creative Economy. The implementation of sustainable tourism has challenges in the accessibility sector where the high price of airfares to berau districts. The ISO 26000 approach to the core subject environment is the basis for tourism actors to carry out the concept of sustainable tourism. The relevance to the SDGs for this research will focus on SDGs No. 8 on economic improvement and SDGs No. 14 on marine ecosystems. Tourists who have visited PT. X and PT. Y 97% stated that they would return to maratua to re-enjoy the beauty of maratua island. As many as 47% of tourists feel very satisfied with the services carried out by PT. X and PT. Y.

Fostering the Integrated Coastal Zone Plan for Derawan Island Towards After Covid 19 Pandemic

Derawan Islands is a marine tourism destination located in Berau Regency, East Kalimantan Province. The archipelago has four main islands which are including Derawan Island, Kakaban Island, Maratua Island, and Sangalaki Island. To highlight the potential of each island, it is important also to develop the island according to the integrated tourism system to be able to optimize the existing eco-tourism potential and also support economic equity for coastal communities. This integration will then be known as the concept of integrated coastal zone management. In addition, with the condition of the COVID-19 Pandemic, it is also necessary to review the impact of this pandemic on the sustainability of Derawan Islands tourism. For this purpose, the SWOT (Strength, Weakness, Opportunity, and Threat) analysis is expected to produce an appropriate development strategy so that it can also assist local stakeholders and the community in making decisions.

The formation of an open atoll in strike slip-fault setting: new insight from Maratua Island, Kalimantan-Indonesia

The formation of an open atoll in strike slip-fault setting: new insight from Maratua Island, Kalimantan-Indonesia

Genomic investigation of colour polymorphism and phylogeographic variation among populations of black-headed bulbul (Brachypodius atriceps) in insular southeast Asia.

Intraspecific polymorphism in birds, especially plumage colour polymorphism, and the mechanisms that control it are an area of active research in evolutionary biology. The black-headed bulbul (Brachypodius atriceps) is a polymorphic species with two distinct morphs, yellow and grey. This species inhabits the mainland and virtually all continental islands of Southeast Asia where yellow morphs predominate, but on two islands in the Sunda region, Bawean and Maratua, grey morphs are common or exclusive. Here, we generated a high-quality reference genome of a yellow individual and resequenced genomes of multiple individuals of both yellow and grey morphs to study the genetic basis of coloration and population history of the species. Using PCA and STRUCTURE analysis, we found the Maratua Island population (which is exclusively grey) to be distinct from all other B. atriceps populations, having been isolated c. 1.9million years ago (Ma). In contrast, Bawean grey individuals (a subset of yellow and grey individuals on that island) are embedded within an almost panmictic Sundaic clade of yellow birds. Using FST and dxy to compare variable genomic segments between Maratua and yellow individuals, we located peaks of divergence and identified candidate loci involved in the colour polymorphism. Tests of selection among coding-proteins in high FST regions, however, did not indicate selection on the candidate genes. Overall, we report on some loci that are potentially responsible for the grey/yellow polymorphism in a species that otherwise shows little genetic diversification across most of its range.

Analisis Potensi Pulau Maratua Sebagai Destinasi Pariwisata Andalan Indonesia Timur

Maratua Island is a part of the National Tourism Strategic Area (KSPN), namely Derawan-Sangalaki, in Berau Regency. This study aims to analyze the potential that can be developed on Maratua Island as a tourism destination in eastern Indonesia. This research is a quantitative descriptive study. To identify the tourism potential that can be developed on Maratua Island, use a modified guide to the Analysis of the Operational Areas for Natural Tourism Objects and Attractions (ADO-ODTWA). Maratua Island has the potential as a natural tourism destination in the form of flora and fauna, coral reefs, mangrove forests, lakes, and natural panoramas that are worthy of being developed. Based on the analysis of the factors of attractiveness, accessibility, socio-economic conditions, accommodation, sapras, and water availability, the index is 84% or feasible to develop. Maratua Island is in an advantageous condition because it has its own airport and port. For this reason, the Berau Regency Government needs to promote the potential that exists in Maratua Island, a five-year work plan is made for sustainable tourism development, involves the community in tourism management and cooperates with parties so that the development of Maratua Island tourism potential can be better.

Development of safety for marine transportation in the Maratua Island

Safety is a major issue in sea transportation. Improving safety is an important thing that should be conducted. It is to support the achievement of objectives in the fields of transportation, industry, business and so on. In this paper, the research area is Maratua Island. This island is one of the tourist islands in Indonesia. Safety of marine traffic should be developed in this island. It will support the development of the island as an area of marine tourism. The safety of sea transportation also very important to support the development of marine tourism on this island. This paper has established the FMEA methodology for getting RPN number on risk evaluation. Hazard identification is carried out in this study as a first step to determine the level of safety. Furthermore, risk analysis is carried out to determine the level of risk and useful for making decisions for improving safety.

Study of base map and marine thematic map usage to make coastal waters location permits map in coastal waters and small islands (study area: maratua island, east kalimantan)

Indonesia has 6.315.222 km2 of marine areas, 16.065 islands, and 99.093 kilometers of coastlines. The government arranges Coastal Waters Location Permit regulation to manage its abundance of marine resources. But there are no technical aspects that control the marine base and thematics map usage to make the Coastal Waters Location Permit Map. This research examines the usage of Base Map (LLN Map, RBI Map, and Nautical Chart) and marine thematics map (RZKSNT Map) in Coastal Waters Location Permit Map establishment by plotting the site plan in each base and marine thematics map. This study covers technical aspects such as scale, projection system, horizontal datum, vertical datum, and site plan’s area comparison. This study finds that the base map which fits the most in Coastal Waters Location Permit Map establishment is a base map that has sea depth information with a scale no smaller than 1: 50,000 at the latest year so that it has high horizontal accuracy and denser contour intervals. The area calculation comparison result by digitizing and mathematical methods (manual calculation) does not obtain any significant differences in the value of the Location Permit object area, the largest difference in the area for each method is 0,0003%.

Implementasi Pariwisata Berkelanjutan di Pulau Maratua, Kabupaten Berau, Kalimantan Timur

The benefits of Maratua Island as tourism attraction should belong to the local community. For this reason, sustainable tourism must be implemented to help community obtain economic benefits and to preserve the natural and cultural resources. This research aims at analysing the implementation of sustainable tourism and proposing recommendations of strategies for sustainable tourism at Maratua Island. This research employs qualitative approach through interviews to the government staff (in tourism board), local community and local leader in Maratua island as well as participant observation in 2017. The research reveals that although the members of community have participated in tourism activity, unsustainable practices by the local community constraint the goal of sustainable tourism. The existence of outsiders (investors) have encouraged the participation of community in tourism. However, the local community should be encouraged to have good job positions rather than as low level worker. This research recommend efforts to achieve sustainable tourism including the importance of socialisation about tourism to community and education and training in creative economy. The government has the role in facilitating such efforts and regulating the investors. Trash boat is considered important in overcoming the issues of environment. In addition, ambassador (duta) of environment and tourism is essential in providing information about tourism and issues on sustainability and sustainable tourism.

Reconstruction of Sea Level Change in Indonesia: Preliminary Evidence From Maratua-Kakaban Complex

This research was conducted in Maratua-Kakaban Islands, East Kalimantan, Indonesia. This location was chosen because of its stable tectonic activity and its geographical setting as the front most island in Indonesia. This location is also known as its tourism destination and beautiful scenery. A small island like in Indonesia is prone to climate change, especially sea level changes. This research is needed to formulate adaptation and mitigation of sea level change in Indonesia. This research also important to understanding the global sea change. This research also important from national sovereignty and coastal resources management point of view. This research aims to: (1) identify water level changes evidence by marine terraces analysis, cave morphology and speleothem; (2) define the highest and lowest water level in Maratua Island, and (3) reconstruct the sea water level fluctuation during Holocene. Sea level fluctuation data were interpreted using marine terrace data, marine notch, and cave morphology. The data were collected by field survey using profiling method to find surface topography and measuring sea floor profile using echo sounder. Based on the field measurement, there are major and minor marine terraces found in the ocean floor in 82 and 180 m depth (major), 155 and 205 m depth (minor). Marine terrace also found in +6 m above present sea level. Below, marine notch was found covered with sediment.

KONDISI EKOSISTEM TERUMBU KARANG DI LOKASI DAN BUKAN LOKASI PENYELAMAN PULAU MARATUA

Maratua Island lies in the Makassar Strait was a destination for marine tourism especially international divers. Currently, no activities in monitoring the effect of tourism is in place, and therefore, there is a need compare the condition of the dive sites and non-dive site as a proxy for the impact of diving to coral reefs. Nine locations in total representing dive and non-dive sites were observed. The result shows that the condition of dive sites and non-dive sites were generally the same, 48% (Good) and 43% (Good) respectively. Analysis using ANOVA single factor also shows that there is no significant difference between dive sites and non-dive sites (Fcrit= 1.36; F calc= 4.28, P<0.05). This means that diving not yet posed a significant threat to the coral reefs in Maratua Island. Other animal were also being observed and the most abundant fish are Pterocaesio diagramma, Caesio cuning, and Cirrhilabrus cyanopleura.

The geomorphology and hydrogeology of the karstic Islands Maratua, East Kalimantan, Indonesia: the potential and constraints for tourist destination development

Maratua Island is one of the islands of Berau District, East Kalimantan which has great potential of natural beauty for tourism development. The area currently is one of famous tourist destination in East Kalimantan which is a carbonate reef built-up or so-called karst island. This paper is an endeavor 1) to unveil geomorphological and hydrogeological characteristics of the island, and 2) to recommend Island development as a tourist destination. Maratua Island is a V shape atoll with the open lagoon. Six geomorphological units were found on the island, i.e., fringing reef, beach, marine terrace, karst ridge, structural valley, and lagoon. Caves are also found in the karst ridge and the coast as an inundated passage. Three structural depressions in the karst ridge are other unique geomorphological feature in the area of which a marine lake environment with jellyfish is inhabited. The island is typified by two different aquifer units, i.e., porous media and fractured media aquifer. Porous aquifer lies on the beach of Boibukut area. Fractured-aquifer characterizes the other geomorphological units in the area. Freshwater accordingly is found in the beach area with a limited amount. Unfortunately, the groundwater in the marine terrace and karst ridge are saline. Maratua Island has enormous potential for tourism destination development. The major tourist activities in the area based on the geomorphological unit are snorkeling and diving (in fringing reef and lagoo n), hiking, cave exploration and marine lake exploration and cave diving (in karst ridge and structural valley); recreation and picnic (beach). The major limitation in the area is a shortage of freshwater resource and land. Limited water supply should be extracted from the beach area of Bohe Bukut village. Groundwater extraction from the beach area of Bohe Bukut must be for drinking water only. Supply of drinking water should be substituted from collected rainwater or desalination from sea water and water in the cave. Restrictions in the number of visitors and lodging development should also be considered.

Digital Education on Small Island: Maratua Island, Indonesia

Indonesia has thousand islands to be developed. The total number of islands is 17,508. The potential that can be developed on a small island are environment, energy, transportation, education, information, and so on. In this study, focus is development of Maratua island, located in the district of Berau in East Kalimantan Indonesia. The potential of the island is development of marine tourism. In this case, Sustainable Island Development initiatives (SIDI) implemented to address the above challenges through multidisciplinary research activities. This research is starting from the transport sector, health, education, energy and implementation of information technology. In this context, the development of digital education is very important. This research provides solutions to the educational development of practical and suitable for the Maratua Island. This research develops the role of information and communication technology for teaching and learning activities island communities, examines the role of technology as a supplement teaching and learning process. In addition, this research also aims to design a physical architecture and digital education system that can be implemented in small islands in Indonesia, designing a learning method to support the teaching and learning process, and educating stakeholders about the concept of digital education

Geometry Morphometry and Health Status of Hawksbill Turtle (Eretmochelys imbricata Linnaeus, 1766) in Maratua Island, East Kalimantan-Indonesia

<p class="Els-Abstract-text">Research on hawksbill turtles in the Maratua Island is still very few. Meanwhile, population of hawksbills was believed to decline due to human exploitation. The aim of this research was to study the morphology of hawksbill through geometric morphometric approach and health status which includes the existence of epibionts, mechanical damages and Body Condition Index. The survey was conducted from 5 to 18 September 2014. The method used was the hand˗catching by snorkeling and diving for catching turtles, morphometric measurements and documentation of the turtle body parts using the camera. Morphological aspects were analyzed with linear regression and geometry approach with Microsoft Excel and ImageJ software. Health status was analyzed with observation of epibionts and mechanical damages through photos and calculation of Body Condition Index. There were 11 turtles that have been caught. The results indicated the growth of straight carapace length notch to tip affect the growth of the other body parts of hawksbill turtle and based approach to geometry, shape growth of hawksbill turtles that are found in Maratua not changed but only have added size. Based on the health status through observation epibionts, mechanical damages and analysis of Body Condition Index, hawksbill in Maratua still relatively healthy compared with studies elsewhere.</p><div><p class="Els-keywords"><em> </em></p><p class="Els-keywords"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <em>Eretmochelys imbricata</em> (Linnaeus, 1766); geometry; Maratua; morphometry</p></div>

A Transport Telematics Contribution to Sustainable Development of Small Islands, Case Study: Maratua Island

Remotely-located small islands face huge challenges. Nearly all aspects of life are at low level. Lack of adequate physical infrastructure, healthcare, education, transportation and prosperity may require a massive investment and operating costs. Soft infrastructure, implemented by choosing appropriate ICT implementation, opens a window of opportunity to address the above challenges effectively. This paper outlines how the Digital Island aims to contribute in achieving sustainable development in small islands, with a case study, Maratua Island.

Kondisi Sumberdaya Ikan & Terumbu Karang di Pulau Maratua, Kabupaten Berau, Provinsi Kalimantan Timur

This research aims to obtain describe about the condition of coral reefs and fish around maratua island. Parameter measured to support this research are the percentages of coral cover, abundance of coral fishes, and composition the types of coral fihes. The data field survey was conducted in maratua waters on July 2014. Research sites consisting of 20 station surrounding this island. Result shows that average of coral reefs in reef edge zone in good condition with a coral covered (life coral) 61 % and hard coral composition is 55 % dan soft coral 6 %. The coral reefs covered (stony coral) about 62% in depth 3-6 meters consisting of : 36 % Acropora and 26% non acropora ; and 5% others fauna ; and dead coral abour 22 %. Fish who associated with coral inhabiting waters surrounding maratua island consist of ornamental fish and reef fish consumption, which many found are Pomacentridae, Labridae, Acanthuridae, Chaetodontidae, and Nemipteridae. Result based on field observtion was found about 33 species with diversity index (H’) average 1.57 (relatively small), Uniformity index (E) average 0.3 (depressed community), and donination Index (C) average 0.42 (low).

Preliminary Study of Renewable Energy System in Maratua Island to Support Maratua be Renewable Energy Iconic Island

<p>Maratua Island is a strategic island in Indonesia and has big potential of tourism, but its electrification ratio is merely about 37.03 %. The preliminary study was aimed to design hybrid system combining fossil-based energy technology and renewable energy for Maratua Island. The preliminary study applies HOMER version 2.68 beta. HOMER is a computer model that simplifies the task of designing hybrid renewable microgrids, whether remote or attached to a larger grid. The hybrid system with a lowest total of NPC (Net Present Cost) is the system combining diesel powerplant and photovoltaics with battery. </p><p><strong>Keywords</strong>: Electricity; homer; maratua; renewable energy.</p>

Phylogeography of three endemic birds of Maratua Island, a potential archive of Bornean biogeography

Phylogeography of three endemic birds of Maratua Island, a potential archive of Bornean biogeography

ANALISIS KEBIJAKAN KELAUTAN MENDUKUNG PERCEPATAN PEMBANGUNAN WILAYAH PERBATASAN LAUT NASIONAL DI KABUPATEN BERAU

The aims of the research were to identify livelihood assets fisher, aquaculture and major social actors in the territory of the study, the research was to understand the livelihood strategies of fisher and pond farmer in the region context of vulnerability social, economic and ecological, to investigate the diversification efforts of fisher, to investigate the potential of coastal resources, and formulating marine policy in the national border community based sustainable livelihoods.
 The research was conducted by survey method. Data collected in the research is the primary and secondary data. The collected data were analyzed by analysis of livelihoods models, GMP analysis, Analysis of Regional Comparative Advantage and SWOT analysis.
 The results showed that the livelihood assets in Maratua island is fishing, aquaculture, retailer, and the private sector (trade, dive resort). Livelihood strategies are implemented, there are three main components namely: (a) The strategy of fishing effort and fish and lobster; (b) to diversify the direction of tourism development include the development of home stay for domestic and foreign tourists, the sea and culinary guide development tourism, (c) institutional and marketing strategy includes involvement in the patron-client institutions and trade cooperation with buyers from outside the island and abroad.
 Based on the results can be formulated some general policy recommendations include the implementation of integrated development programs on the Maratua island relating to integration of the planning area, coastal and small islands good governance, the program covers the social, health, economic, and environmental and local cultural, social and institutional strengthening of indigenous communities in the utilization coastal and marine resources, disadvantage groups, implementation of the program taking into account the implementation of regional autonomy and local resources, and using the instruments of economic valuation of coastal resources and the small islands in the formulation of policy utilization of the island.

THE EFFECT OF THE EXTENT OF CORAL REEF AREA ON UNIFORM BOTTOM REFLECTANCE DETERMINATION FOR WATER COLUMN CORRECTION USING LANDSAT ETM

In one pixel of 30 meter spatial resolution of Landsat ETM multispectral sensor might consist of mixed bottom substrate types. The influence of a mixture of bottom substrate on the Landsat data can be a source of errors and together with the extent of coral reef area might contribute to affect the determination of uniform bottom reflectance. This study aimed to assess the effect of the extent of coral reef area on uniform bottom reflectance determination for water column correction. Lyzenga method was used for water column correction. This study carried out in two case studies using two sites with different size of coral reef ecosystems area i.e., Tidung island, in the Province of Jakarta and Maratua island, in the Province of East Kalimantan. Tidung island was selected to represent small area of coral reef ecosystem, while Maratua island was selected to represent relatively larger area of coral reef ecosystem. The results showed that the extent of coral reef influenced the determination of training sample areas for uniform bottom reflectance using Landsat ETM. The combination of moderate spatial resolution and the small area of coral reef ecosystem lead to the difficulties for uniform bottom substrate type determination at different depths.

Sponge species composition, abundance, and cover in marine lakes and coastal mangroves in Berau, Indonesia

We compared the species composition, abundance, and cover of sponges in 2 marine lakes (Kakaban Lake and Haji Buang Lake) and adjacent coastal mangroves on the islands of Kakaban and Maratua in the Berau region of Indonesia. We recorded a total of 115 sponge species, 33 of which were restricted to Kakaban Lake, 18 to Haji Buang Lake, and 30 to coastal mangroves on Maratua Island. Only 13 species were shared among all habitats. The 2 marine lakes are located 10 km apart, but their assemblages were more similar to each other than to the bay mangrove systems just 200 to 500 m away. Our results show that marine lakes represent a distinct habitat with significantly higher sponge cover and abundance as well as a markedly different species composition when compared with coastal mangroves. In both lake and coastal mangrove habitats there was a pronounced gradient in composition away from the shore with the primary difference between solid (root or rock) and soft substrate (mud or sand). Each substrate type harbored different sets of species in both lake and coastal mangrove habitats. There was no significant difference in sponge species composition, abundance, or cover between semi-permanent transects sampled in 2008 and 2009. We show for the first time that mangroves in the Indo-Pacific harbor a diverse array of sponge species and, further, that marine lakes harbor numerous unique species hitherto unknown to science.