Marathwada Krishi Vidyapeeth Research Articles

Evaluation ofMKV’s developed deep litter type poultry house

A low cost poultry form has been designed and developed at Marathwada Krishi Vidyapeeth, Parbhani. Their evaluation has been done on actual field condition. From three year survey work it was observed that developed deep litter poultry house for 100 birds found in good condition, durable, profitable and suitable for all type climate. It is suitable for landless, marginal and small land holding farmer as a supplementary income.

Bioefficacy of newer neonicotenoids against sucking insect pests of Bt cotton

A field experiment was conducted at the experimental farm of Department of Entomology, Vasantrao Naik Marathwada Krishi Vidyapeeth, Parbhani during Kharif 2013 to evaluate the bio-efficacy of neonicotenoids against sucking pests of Bt cotton. The results revealed that significantly lowest population of sucking pests per three leaves was recorded in nitenpyram 10 per cent WSG @ 100 g a.i./ha, dinotefuran 20 per cent SG @ 50 g a.i./ha and clothianidin 50 per cent WDG @ 20 g a.i./ha were the most effective treatments in reducing incidence of sucking pests on Bt cotton as compared to acetamiprid 20 per cent SP @ 20 g a.i./ha, imidacloprid 17.8 SL, thiamethoxam 25 per cent WS @ 25 g a.i./ha and thiacloprid 21.7 per cent SC @ 30 g a.i./ha.

Effect of fungicides, botanicals and bioagents against purple blotch of onion caused by Alternaria porri

A study was conducted in the of Department Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, Latur, Vasantrao Naik Marathwada Krishi Vidyapeeth, Parbhani, Maharashtra, India, during 2011 to control Alternaria porri causing Alternaria blight of onion with fungicides, botanical and bio-agents. Among nine treatments, six fungicides (@ 100, 200, 250 and 500 ppm concentrations), one plant extract and two bioagents (@ 500 ppm) were evaluated in vitro in vivo and were found effective against A. porri and recorded significant inhibition of the test pathogen over untreated control. However, in vitro result revealed that in hexaconozole cent per cent (100.00 %) inhibition was observed, followed by difenoconazole (83.91 %), mancozeb (63.58%), P. florescence (58.94 %) and T. viride (54.45%). The minimum per cent inhibition was observed in chlorothalonil (31.40 %) followed by plant extract NSKE (43.92 %), copper oxychloride (46.87 %) and carbandazim (47.11 %). In vivo results revealed that hexaconozole (0.1%) was found most effective and recorded significantly least mean disease incidence (6.03 %) and intensity (13.33 %) with corresponding significantly increased bulb yield (438.00 q/ha) followed by mancozeb (@ 0.2%) and copper oxychloride (0.25%) which recorded significantly mean disease incidence of 6.83 and 8.53 per cent and intensity, 15.00 and 20.00 per cent, respectively and gave correspondingly bulb yield, respectively of 375.00 and 429.00 q/ha. The botanical tested, A. indica (@ 5%) was found antifungal against A. porri and recorded significantly disease incidence (7.96 %) and intensity (27.00 %), and gave the bulb yield (290.00 q/ha). Both fungal and bacterial antagonists tested were found not so effective to reduce incidence and intensity, attempt increased the bulb yield over unsprayed control. How to view point the article : Wanggikar, A.A., Wagh, S.S., Kuldhar, D.P. and Pawar, D.V. (2014). Effect of fungicides, botanicals and bioagents against purple blotch of onion caused by Alternaria porri. Internat. J. Plant Protec., 7(2) : 405-410.

Mental health of undergraduate students and its influencing factors

Two hundred undergraduate students between the age group of 18-23 yrs were selected from randomly chosen five colleges of Parbhani town of Marathwada region, Maharashtra State between the age group of 18-23 yrs by simple random sampling method with an intention to have the youth of diverse background in the sample. The data pertaining to the study were collected by personally interviewing the sample undergraduate students based on open ended interview schedule and by administering on them Mental Health Inventory, Self-Esteem Inventory and Socio-Economic Status Scale. No significant differences were recorded with respect to the mental health status of the students based on their socio-economic status and gender. With respect to the various dimensions of mental health of the sample students and its magnitude based on their SES, significantly a higher percentage of the male students in low SES families assessed to have good group oriented attitude than their counterparts female students, while it was vice-versa with regard to the poor environmental mastery. On the other hand, in middle SES group, significantly a higher percentage of the female students were assessed to have good integration of personality, fair positive self-evaluation and group oriented attitude than their counterparts male students. However, significantly a higher percentage of the male students were recorded to have good group oriented attitude and fair autonomy as compared to the female students. Hence, there is a great need to provide strong and positive supportive social network of family, peers, lecturers and neighbourers to youth for helping them to have good mental health in addition to training them on relaxation strategies and techniques for combating with stress to empower them so as to lead a quality life. How to cite this paper : Bangale, Jaya and Patnam, Vishala (2014). Mental health of undergraduate students and its influencing factors. Internat. J. Med. Sci., 7(1 & 2) : 38-42. See end of the paper for authors’ affiliation Correspondence to : JAYA BANGALE Department of Human Development and Family Studies, College of Home Science, Vasantrao Naik Marathwada Krishi Vidyapeeth, PRABHANI (M.S.) INDIA Email: bangalej@gmail.com RESEARCH PAPER International Journal of Medical Sciences Volume 7 | Issue 1&2 | October, 2014 | 38-42 e ISSN-0976-7932 | Visit us www.researchjournal.co.in DOI : 10.15740/HAS/IJMS/7.1and2/38-42 Click www.researchjournal.co.in/online/subdetail.html to purchase.

Productivity and quality of Bt cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) as influenced by planting geometry and nitrogen levels under irrigated and rainfed conditions

A field experiment was carried out during two consecutive kharif seasons of 2009 and 2010 at research farm of Department of Agronomy, Marathwada Krishi Vidyapeeth, Parbhani to evaluate the effect of planting geometry and different nitrogen levels on productivity and quality of Bt-cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) under irrigated and rainfed conditions. The results reveals that, Bt cotton sown under irrigated condition (irrigation applied at three critical growth stages of cotton) significantly improved the seed cotton yield (33.71 q/ha) over rainfed condition (15.00 q/ ha). The growth attributes, yield contributing characters and ginning percentage were improved significantly in irrigation as compared to rainfed during both the seasons of experiment. The plant geometry of 120 cm × 45 cm recorded highest seed cotton yield (26.46 q/ha) and stood significantly superior over other planting geometries. It has 8.9 and 13.5% yield increment over 90 cm × 60 cm and 180 cm × 30 cm, respectively. All growth and yield contributing parameters were recorded significantly higher with 120 cm × 45 cm plant geometry as compared to other planting geometries, except plant height (cm), monopodials/plant, leaf area (dm2) and dry matter accumulation (g/plant). Application of nitrogen @ 150 kg N/ha to Bt cotton increases 25.5% and 8.6% seed cotton yield over 100 kg N/ha and 125 kg N/ha, respectively. Quality parameters did not influence significantly by irrigation, planting geometries and nitrogen levels confirms that fibre properties governs by genetic makeup and least affected by management practices.

Rainwater Harvesting and Recycling for Sustainable Agriculture in Assured Rainfall Zone of Marathwada Region, Maharashtra

The study was conducted with dug out farm pond at Vasantrao Naik Marathwada Krishi Vidyapeeth, Parbhani, during 2010–11 to 2013–14. Reutilization study on protective irrigation to soybean was conducted during kharif 2013. On an average, runoff of 12.43% and harvesting potential of 11.10% of rainfall was observed from the catchment area of 1.60 ha during experimentation period. An average total storage loss of 1718.10 m3 was observedduring theperiod from July to December comprising an evaporation and seepage losses of 150.59 m3 (8.67%) and 1567.51 m3 (90.29%), respectively. One protective irrigation of 5 cm to soybean at maturity stage during prevailing critical dryspell, increased soybean grain yield by 30.87%. An average irrigation potential, on the basis of monthly storage volume of farm pond during 2010 and 2013, was observed as 0.87 ha.

Effect of Different Sowing Dates on Growth and Yield of Kharif Sorghum Hybrids

The experiment was conducted on experimental farm of Department of Agricultural Meteorology, College of Agriculture, Vasantrao Naik Marathwada Krishi Vidyapeeth, Parbhani, during kharif season 2012-13 entitled as Yield Forecasting of Sorghum by using Statistical Model to find out most optimum meteorological week for sowing sorghum in kharif season, to study the relationship between meteorological parameters and yield and to develop statistical model for yield forecasting. The results were obtained from the experiment it was found that all the biometric observations (plant height, number of leaves, leaf area, LAI and dry matter ) in kharif sorghum were significantly highest in treatment of sowing in 24 MW (11 to 17 June) followed by second sowing date 25 MW (18 to 24 June). Amongst the varieties all the biometric observations were recorded significantly highest in V1 (PSH-71). Sowing in 24 MW significantly superior over the rest of treatments with production of highest grain yield 1482.10 kg ha -1 followed by sowing in second sowing date 25MW 1444.2 kg ha -1 which was at par with sowing in 24 MW in respect to all yield attributing characters and lowest grain yield was observed in fourth sowing i.e 27 MW 1119.31 kg ha -1 . Hence, sowing of kharif sorghum should be completed on 24 MW or before 25 MW; otherwise there is chance of reduction of grain yield with delayed sowing.

English

An experiment was carried out at the Oil seed Research Unit, Marathwada Krishi Vidyapeeth Parbhani, Maharashtra, India to evaluate the efficacy of different chemicals and bioagents against seed/soil borne diseases of safflower on disease incidence (PI or DI). Significantly low disease severity (DS) and low disease incidence (DI) were recorded in treatment withT7, that is, Trichoderma harzianum Th4d sc at 2 ml/kg to the tune of 41.66% in Fusarium sp,  08.33% in Rhizoctonia sp,  06.66% in Phytophthora sp,  04.33% in Alternaria leaf spot and  03.33% in Cercospora leaf spot ,  respectively, in comparison with the untreated control. The seed yield data indicated that T. harzianum produced highest seed yield (2778 kg/ha) followed by Captan at 0.2% (2115 kg/ha) and Carbendazim+Mancozeb (SAFF) at 0.2% (2114 kg/ha). High infestation of safflower seeds by causal agents of seed/soil borne foot and root rots, reduction of seed germination and considerable infection transmission from seed to seedling were determined. Fungicide seed treatments, T1 to T8, markedly decreased incidence of diseases. Though the treatment with T7, that is, T. harzianum recorded the disease incidence, it produced the highest yield.   Key words: Management, seed/soil borne diseases, safflower.

Evaluation of plant extracts and bioagents for the control of gummosis of mandarin orange (Citrus reticulata blanko) caused by Phytophthora species

A study was conducted between 2010 and 2011 at Marathwada Krishi Vidyapeeth, Parbhani, to find out the efficacy of leaf extracts viz Neem (Azadirachta indica), Mehendi (Lowsonia inermis), Eucalyptus (Eucalyptuscinarium), Acacia (Acacia catechu), Glyricidia (Glyricidia sepium), Dhatura (Dhatura stramonium), Lantana (Lantana camera) and the antagonistic potential of bioagents viz Trichoderma viride, Trichoderma hamatum, Trichoderma harzianum, Trichoderma lignorum, Gliocladium virens and Pseudomonas fluorescens againstPhytophthora spp. under in vitro conditions using ‘poisoned food technique’ and ‘dual culture technique’ respectively. L. camera was significantly more effective in inhibiting the mycelial growth (44.54%) ofPhytophthora citrophthora and D. stramonium against Phytophthora nicotianae, inhibiting mycelial growth (57.78%), both at 5% concentration; whereas, among bioagents, T. harzianum was found significantly effective against both species inhibiting 84% mycelial growth of P. citrophthora and 91.86% of P. nicotianae. Key words: Leaf extracts, bioagents, antifungal activity, gummosis, Phytophthora, mandarin orange.

Study of inheritance of fertility restoration in pigeonpea lines derived from Cajanus cajanifolius

With 1 tableAbstractIn this study, single crosses involving four CMS lines and three known fertility restorers were studied to determine the genetics of fertility restoration in pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan L. Millsp.). The F1 plants of all the four hybrids were selfed to produce F2 seed and simultaneously crossed to their corresponding A lines to produce BC1F1 seeds during 2007. The parents, F1, F2 and BC1F1 populations were planted in 2008 rainy season at the Marathwada Krishi Vidyapeeth, Parbhani, India. The interaction of dominant nuclear genes of ICP 2766 with ICPA 2092 produced 100% fertile F1 plant and showed complete dominance for fertility restoration. The restorer ICP 2766 when crossed with ICPA 2092 showed monogenic inheritance (3 : 1), while ICP 2766 crossed with ICPA 2043 revealed digenic inheritance (15 : 1) of fertility restoration. In a cross between ICP 2766 and ICPA 2043, dominant gene of fertility restoration at either of two loci masked the expression of male‐sterile recessive alleles at two loci in such a way that it modified normal dihybrid ratio into 15 : 1 ratio and produced duplicate gene interaction.

Stress management in rainfed Bt. cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) through foliar sprays

In India, Bt cotton is grown on 122 Lakh ha area with production of 361 lakh bales and productivity is of 501 kg lint/ha. In Maharashtra it is grown on 41 lakh ha area with productivity of 81 lakh bales and productivity is 334 kg lint/ha. Cotton is grown on large scale under rainfed condition in Marathwada region of Maharashtra State and is a preferred cash crop in Kharif season by marginal as well as large farmers. The productivity of rainfed cotton par- ticularly in Marathwada region is uncertain due to occurrence of frequent dry spells particularly during July to Sep- tember. Hence to overcome the moisture stress under such dry spells condition and to obtain the sustainability in productivity, the measures like foliar application of potassium nitrate, water spray and other micronutrients are es- sential for reducing the rate of evapotranspiration. The experiment was conducted during 2017 to 2019 on experi- mental farm of All India Coordinated Research Project on Dryland Agriculture, Vasantrao Naik Marathwada Krishi Vidyapeeth, Parbhani. Study resulted that application of foliar spray of KNO (30 and 60 days after sowing) was 3 significantly superior in respect of increase in cotton yield as well as Net Returns as compared to the other treat- ments. Similarly, application of foliar spray during dry spell was also found superior than application of foliar spray after release of dry spells. The chlorophyll content, percent RWC and NDVI were also found higher under applica- tion of foliar spray which reflected in enhancing Bt. cotton productivity.