Manufacturing Industries In Bangladesh Research Articles

Effects of Dyes on Pulmonary Functions in Male Spray Dye Workers in Dhaka, Bangladesh

There are many steel product manufacturing industries in Bangladesh where chemical dyes are used for coating the steel made product. The spray dye workers are continuously exposed to chemical dyes. Prolong exposure of these dyes can cause pulmonary disorders of the workers. This cross-sectional study was done to evaluate pulmonary functions of male dye workers. This study was carried out in the Department of Community Medicine in Dhaka National Medical College from September 2013 to September 2014. Out of 60 subjects, 30 apparently healthy male spray dye workers were taken from different steel manufacturing factories as study group and 30 apparently healthy male subjects who are not exposed to spray dye were taken as control. Sample was taken by convenient type of non-probability sampling. Auto spirometer (AS-507) was used to measure the lung functions of both groups. Forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) and FEV1/FVC% of all subjects were recored by using a digital spirometer. Unpaired t-test were performed for analysis of data. The mean percentage of predicted value of FEV1, FVC and FEV1/FVC% were significantly lower (p < .001) in spray dye workers than control group. From the result of this study it can be concluded that spray dye may have harmful effects on some pulmonary functions.

Facility location selection for plastic manufacturing industry in Bangladesh by using AHP method

In present’s, the location selection problems play an important role for the top-level manager or entrepreneur for opening a new manufacturing company or relocate or expand their operation. As an engineered material, the plastic is used for manufacturing a wide variety of domestic products. For this reason, the plastic manufacturing industries are growing in Bangladesh through the last two eras. This paper might be helpful to select a new location or expansion of the existing one in Bangladesh for the plastic manufacturing company. In this study, we have taken five commercial districts as location and ten criteria for deep consideration from all promising sites of Bangladesh.For this purpose, data has collected through surveying and questionnaires. Then, the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) has used to make a preference measure to select the best location for plastic manufacturing industries. From the comparison value of the composite weight, it can be found that Mongla is the best alternative location for the decision problems.

Investigation of Waste Water Quality Parameters Discharged from Textile Manufacturing Industries of Bangladesh

Textile manufacturing sector is the strongest root of the economy of Bangladesh while pollution by inappropriate management of waste water from textile dyeing industries is one of the major environmental problems. Textile processing employs an assortment of chemicals, contingent upon the idea of the crude materials and items. Environmental problems caused by the the textile industry are mainly the discharges of waste water. The wellspring of waste water contamination are the wet handling steps which incorporate measuring, desizing, scouring, bleaching, mercerizing, coloring, printing etc. The present study was aimed at physico-chemical evaluation of waste water discharged by some garments industries. While in some waste water high pH values have been recorded, the pH values of the waste water before and after treatments were found in between the standard range. The Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Total Dissolved Solid (TDS) and Total Suspended Solid (TSS) values for waste water before treatment were found to be much higher than the permissible limits. For some industries the BOD, COD, TDS and TSS values of the outlet water from effluent treatment plant (ETP) were also found beyond the standard limits.

Lean manufacturing awareness and its implementation status in the apparel industry in Bangladesh

Most recently the apparel manufacturing industries of Bangladesh have been greatly affected by several factors such as global competition, increased manufacturing and transportation cost, changing buyer habits and expected social compliance. However, the literature study reveals that the use of advanced manufacturing and management system such as lean manufacturing (LM) system allows manufacturing firms to be more successful even operating in a more challenging and competitive environment. To analyse the LM awareness and its current status of implementation in the apparel industry in Bangladesh, a survey was conducted. This paper addresses the awareness level of LM system, lean tools and techniques and the degree of lean implementation in the apparel industry.

Lean manufacturing awareness and its implementation status in the apparel industry in Bangladesh

Most recently the apparel manufacturing industries of Bangladesh have been greatly affected by several factors such as global competition, increased manufacturing and transportation cost, changing buyer habits and expected social compliance. However, the literature study reveals that the use of advanced manufacturing and management system such as lean manufacturing (LM) system allows manufacturing firms to be more successful even operating in a more challenging and competitive environment. To analyse the LM awareness and its current status of implementation in the apparel industry in Bangladesh, a survey was conducted. This paper addresses the awareness level of LM system, lean tools and techniques and the degree of lean implementation in the apparel industry.

Implementation of an operating procedure for quality control at production level in a RMG industry and assessment of quality improvement

Appropriate operating procedure plays a vital role in any production process for improving the quality of the final product An export oriented knit apparel manufacturing industry in Bangladesh was assessed initially and an Operating Procedure for Quality Conformation (OPQC) was applied at production process for quality improvement. The improvements were assessed twice. First assessment was done at seventh month and second assessment at ninth month after implementation of OPQC. Actions were taken considering the feedbacks from each assessment. As a result fabric (in terms of garment) loss % from cutting to final inspection was reduced and found 5.42, 4.65 and 1.19 at initial, first and second assessment, respectively. Assessment by process capability analysis shows the improvements of Cp and Cpk from 0.38 to 0.78 and −0.35 to 0.44 from start to end of process at second assessment. Similarly Taguchi quality loss (% of order value) was reduced in each assessment and was found 10.88, 9.66 and 3.98% at initial, first and second assessment respectively. Moreover, process capability analysis and Taguchi quality loss analysis directed the manufacturer to the next steps for quality improvement.

To use or not to use: Modelling end user grumbling as user resistance in pre-implementation stage of enterprise resource planning system

The success rate of enterprise resource planning (ERP) implementation is less than 49% around the world owing to its complex nature. The key focus of information system (IS) researchers has been to explore the ways to reduce threats to ERP implementation posed especially by user resistance. Although the reasons for user resistance have already been dealt with in previous studies, our understanding of how users assess a new ERP system in the pre-implementation phase and what prompts their decision to resist it is far from complete. In particular, an explanation for user resistance or end-user grumbling from the perspectives of status quo bias and technostress was found to be missing. In order to fill this gap in research, the model proposed in the present study integrates status quo and technostress, thus throwing light on the end-user grumbling behaviour that precedes the implementation of a new ERP system. Data was collected via a survey questionnaire distributed to 221 respondents from five different manufacturing industries in Bangladesh which are currently in the process of installing the popular SAP ERP system. Results of this tested model indicate a significant impact of the constructs of status quo bias and technostress on end-user grumbling. Additionally, end user grumbling has positive significant impact on symbolic adoption. Moreover, the paper discusses common method bias and the limitations of the study, while providing an outlook for future research.

An Overview of Sustainability on Apparel Manufacturing Industry in Bangladesh

The purpose of this paper was to investigate the overview of sustainability in apparel manufacturing industry and why developing country suppliers are adopting environmentally and socially sustainable practices and how the implementation process is both hindered and enabled. Presently sustainability of fashion industry in the worldwide is the major considerable issue. The much talked concern is for the favor of fashion’s sustainability around the world. Many organizations and fashion conscious personalities have come forward to uphold the further extension of the campaign of good environment for tomorrows, but the Bangladeshi garment and textile industries are far beyond of this consciousness and it poses a risk of losing the world market. On the other hand, fashion for the morality or ethical issues is one of the key concepts for the humanity and sustainability point of view. It is high time to implement special strategies and approaches towards the sustainability. Social sustainability improvements benefit vulnerable workers, help suppliers develop longer term relationships with transnational companies and contribute to economic growth. In terms of the working environment, Bangladeshi apparel industries are facing great challenges at present. Fire accidents are common in garment factories and recent building collapses pose a great threat to its future. Moreover, the workers receive the lowest wages of the world that makes them unsatisfied, causes often clashes and violence during protests against low wages. This study has considered the working environment, fire and safety issues of the garment industries of Bangladesh and suggests significant initiatives towards better environment and sustainability.

On Measurement of Efficiency of Cobb-Douglas Production Function with Additive and Multiplicative Errors

In developing counties, efficiency of economic development has determined by the analysis of industrial production. An examination of the characteristic of industrial sector is an essential aspect of growth studies. most of the developed countries are highly industrialized as they brief The more industrialization, the more development. For proper industrialization and industrial development we have to study industrial input-output relationship that leads to production analysis. For a number of reasons econometrician's belief that industrial production is the most important component of economic development because, if domestic industrial production increases, GDP will increase, if elasticity of labor is higher, implement rates will increase and investment will increase if elasticity of capital is higher. In this regard, this paper choose and estimate the parameters of Cobb-Douglas function with additive errors and multiplicative errors for some selected manufacturing industries of Bangladesh over the period 1978-79 to 2011-2012, which should be helpful in suggesting the most suitable Cobb-Douglas production function to forecast the production process for some selected manufacturing industries of developing countries like Bangladesh. This paper also investigates the efficiency of both capital and labor elasticity of the two mentioned form of Cobb-Douglas production function. estimated results shows that the estimates of both capital and labor elasticity of Cobb-Douglas production function with additive errors are more efficient than those estimates of Cobb-Douglas production function with multiplicative errors.

On Measurement of Efficiency of Cobb-Douglas Production Function with Additive and Multiplicative Errors

In developing counties, efficiency of economic development has determined by the analysis of industrial production. An examination of the characteristic of industrial sector is an essential aspect of growth studies. The most of the developed countries are highly industrialized as they brief “The more industrialization, the more development”. For proper industrialization and industrial development we have to study industrial input-output relationship that leads to production analysis. For a number of reasons econometrician’s belief that industrial production is the most important component of economic development because, if domestic industrial production increases, GDP will increase, if elasticity of labor is higher, implement rates will increase and investment will increase if elasticity of capital is higher. In this regard, this paper should be helpful in suggesting the most suitable Cobb-Douglas production function to forecast the production process for some selected manufacturing industries of developing countries like Bangladesh. This paper choose the appropriate Cobb-Douglas function which gives optimal combination of inputs, that is, the combination that enables it to produce the desired level of output with minimum cost and hence with maximum profitability for some selected manufacturing industries of Bangladesh over the period 1978-79 to 2011-2012. The estimated results shows that the estimates of both capital and labor elasticity of Cobb-Douglas production function with additive errors are more efficient than those estimates of Cobb-Douglas production function with multiplicative errors.

Application of Non-Linear Cobb-Douglas Production Function with Autocorrelation Problem to Selected Manufacturing Industries in Bangladesh

In developing counties, efficiency of economic development has been determined by the analysis of industrial production. An examination of the characteristic of industrial sector is an essential aspect of growth studies. The growth of a country can be measured by Gross Domestic Product (GDP). GDP is substantially affected by the industrial output. Industrial gross output is mainly a function of capital and labor input. If the effect of labor and capital input to output is at a satisfactory level in an industry or in a group of industries, then industrial investment will increase. As a result, the number of industries will increase, which will directly affect GDP and also will decrease the unemployment rate. This is why, industrial input-output relationship is so important for any industry as well as for the overall industrial sector of a country. To forecast the production of a firm is necessary to identify the appropriate model. MD. M. Hossain et al. [1] have shown that Cobb-Douglas production function with additive errors was more suitable for some selected manufacturing industries in Bangladesh. The main purpose of this paper is to detect the autocorrelation problem of Cobb-Douglas production model with additive errors. The result shows that autocorrelation is presented in some manufacturing industries. Finally, this paper removes the autocorrelation problem and re-estimates the parameters of the Cobb- Douglas production function with additive errors.

Physico-mechanical comparison of urea formaldehyde bonded particle board manufactured from jute sticks and wood of Trewia nudiflora.

This study is to know the physical and mechanical properties of particle board made up of jute sticks (jutex board) and wood chips (woodex board) of Trewia nudiflora . Two leading particle board manufacturing industries of Bangladesh were selected first which have the same manufacturing process and adhesive composition. Boards of available thicknesses were collected randomly. From each thickness category, three replications were taken. The parameters were studied as adhesive composition,mass of a board, density, bending strength, modulus of elasticity,surface soundness, tensile strength, screw withdrawal, pressure and pressing time. Urea formaldehyde resin is used to manufacture both types of particle board. For achieving the greater efficiency of boards, some chemical compounds were mixed with the resin. Due to the change in thicknesses, boards were not always different in terms of the physical and mechanical properties. Moreover, except the modulus of elasticity (MOE), woodex boards were superior to the properties of jutex boards.

An Application of Non–Linear Cobb-Douglas Production Function to Selected Manufacturing Industries in Bangladesh

Recently, businessmen as well as industrialists are very much concerned about the theory of firm in order to make correct decisions regarding what items, how much and how to produce them. All these decisions are directly related with the cost considerations and market situations where the firm is to be operated. In this regard, this paper should be helpful in suggesting the most suitable functional form of production process for the major manufacturing industries in Bangladesh. This paper considers Cobb-Douglas (C-D) production function with additive error and multiplicative error term. The main purpose of this paper is to select the appropriate Cobb-Douglas production model for measuring the production process of some selected manufacturing industries in Bangladesh. We use different model selection criteria to compare the Cobb-Douglas production function with additive error term to Cobb-Douglas production function with multiplicative error term. Finally, we estimate the parameters of the production function by using optimization subroutine.

Determinants of outsourcing decision in the manufacturing industry In Bangladesh

The purpose of this study was to identify and understand the factors influencing outsourcing decision in the manufacturing industry in Bangladesh. Existing literature revealed that many manufacturing industry were faced with challenges in the competitive environment to be competitive in the market and produce products at the minimum cost as possible yet meeting customer specification without affecting the quality and delivery schedule. Thus, outsourcing could be an alternative to solve most of the problems faced by the manufacturing industry in Bangladesh. This stirred these researchers to identify and understand the possible factors influencing the manufacturing industry in outsourcing decision whether these factors could really influence the management to opt for outsourcing and help in solving the problems. The theoretical framework was developed to hypothesize four components namely reduce operating cost, improve company focus, access to world class capability and unavailability of internal resources in relation to influence outsourcing decision in the manufacturing industry. The proposed study utilized the exploratory approach, whereby the survey method was used The data was collected through questionnaires in various manufacturing industry in Bangladesh. The findings were analyzed using a statistical software package (SPSS), and the main tools that were used were Cronbach's Alpha, descriptive and linear regression analysis. The findings revealed that the factors or components identified for the study had significant effect on outsourcing decision except reduce operating cost. This study provided evidence that these factors would influence outsourcing decision in the manufacturing industry in Bangladesh. The recommendations are also offered more in-depth guidelines for maximizing the benefits of outsourcing.

Demand Forecasting and Supplier Selection for Incoming Material in RMG Industry: A Case Study

RMG sector is the single most important manufacturing industry in Bangladesh. Almost all of the raw materials in this sector are being imported from abroad. Hence, incoming material management is of paramount importance for effective and efficient management of the supply chain in this sector. This paper deals with incoming material management of a 100% export-oriented knit composite factory. Demand forecasting and supplier selection are two major components of incoming material management. Different techniques of demand forecasting have been implemented to find the best suitable model for a particular raw material. In supplier selection, AHP technique has been implemented to select the best supplier of the concerned raw materials. Successful implementation of the recommendations of this paper can significantly improve the level of material management and thereby increase overall profit by reducing waste.

Short-Run Employment Functions in Manufacturing Industries

Problem statement: Increasing growth of population and shortage of producing capacity in Bangladesh have caused serious unemployment crisis and has forced the authorities to look for ways to reduce unemployment rate. Due to difference of structure and technology used in economic sectors and activities, the effects of factors on employment are different. So, for the purpose of findings alternatives to reduce unemployment rate in Bangladesh, it is necessary to estimate employment functions in all sectors and activities, analyze the most important factors and variables on these functions. Approach: In this study an attempt had been made to estimate short-run employment functions in manufacturing industries of Bangladesh, which are one of the most important sectors that has formed meaningful percent of country employment and gross national production. Adjustment of employment to its desired level and short run returns to employment had been explored in this study. Results: The model type I in comparison to the model type II of the relationship between value added and employment, which had been found to fit quiet well in Bangladesh manufacturing industries. The results showed that 1% increase in gross value added leads to 0.379% increase in employment. The coefficient of lagged employment is positive, indicated that the level of previous years employment increases the present year employment. Conclusion: The result also showed that the employment is negatively related to the real wage rate and the elasticity of employment with respect to real wage is about -0.251. The growth rate of value added exceeded the growth rate of employment in manufacturing industries in Bangladesh.

Firm Productivity in Bangladesh Manufacturing Industries

The author studies the determinants of total factor productivity (TFP) for manufacturing firms in Bangladesh using data from a recent survey. She obtains TFP measures by making use of firm-specific deflators for output and inputs. Controlling for industry, location, and year fixed effects, she finds that: (1) firm size and TFP are negatively correlated; (2) firm age and TFP exhibit an inverse-U shaped relationship; (3) TFP improves with the quality of the firm's human capital; (4) global integration improves TFP; (5) firms with research and development activities and quality certifications have higher TFP, while more advanced technologies improve TFP only in the presence of significant absorptive capacity; (6) power supply problems cost firms heavily in terms of TFP losses; and (7) the presence of crime dampens TFP.

Analysis of the Growth of Manufacturing Industries in Bangladesh

In this article, industrial growth of some manufacturing industries in Bangladesh has been studied using Census of Manufacturing Industries (CMI) Data from the years 1981–82 to 1999–2000. Higher increasing growth in value added for some industries in the post-liberalization period (1991–92 to 1999–2000) while for the most important industries, satisfactory growth level in the pre-liberalization period (1981–82 to 1990–91) has been experienced. Highest growth in fixed capital and improved concentration level in employment have been examined. Comparatively, capital goods industries showed highest significant annual growth rate (13.95 per cent). All manufacturing industries registered positive and negative employment elasticities with respect to value added and fixed capital whereas only positive output elasticities with respect to fixed capital and employment for the same.

Technical Efficiency of Some Selected Manufacturing Industries in Bangladesh: A Stochastic Frontier Analysis

This paper investigates the technical efficiency of selected manufacturing industries of Bangladesh using a stochastic frontier production function approach suggested by Battese and Coelli (1992) applied to panel data. A feasible Cobb-Douglas stochastic frontier production function, which has time-varying technical inefficiency effects, was estimated. Two alternative distributions were used to model the random inefficiency term: a truncated normal distribution and a half-normal distribution. The estimated average technical efficiency for four groups of industries of Bangladesh over the reference period was 40.22% of potential output for the truncated normal distribution, whereas it was 55.57% of potential output for the half-normal distribution.

An econometric analysis of some major manufacturing industries

Recently, Bhatti and Khan considered various functional forms to see their suitability in terms of efficiency and competency in assessing production process based on agricultural data. This paper reviews some models recently used in the literature and selects the most suitable one for measuring the production process of 21 major manufacturing industries in Bangladesh. In particular, the paper estimates and tests the coefficients of the production inputs for each of the selected manufacturing industries using Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics annual data over the period 1982‐1983 through 1991‐1992.