Manor House Research Articles

The Library of Leufstabruk

The eighteenth‑century library at the magnificent iron making estate of Leufstabruk one hour north of Uppsala (Sweden) is located in a small exquisite pavilion next to the manor house. There the absolute majority of the books are kept until this day in their original places, arranged according a system of the time. Having been an entailed estate within the noble family with Dutch origins De Geer from 1730 until 1986, the collections of today most of all mirror the interests of its member Charles (1720–1778), as well as to a minor degree his son Charles (1746–1805), his daughter Hedvig Ulrika (1752–1813) and some more. The present article wants to give an updated image of this library, based on previous research as well as a recently finished infrastructure project, whereby knowledge of and access to its collections, which are awaiting to be explored further, have been strongly increased.

Szafa z kochankami. Praktyki przesłaniania, odsłaniania i zasłaniania historii Obór w twórczości Mirona Białoszewskiego

The aim of this article is to capture one of the unveilings of the history of the manor house in Obory, near Warsaw, and to analyse the principle structuring the essence of transformation of this place in Miron Białoszewski’s work. Using the geocritical method, the author examinesthe relationship between characters and things related to this place selected by Białoszewski and the poetics he used. The frequently recurring motif of the wardrobe was juxtaposed with the analys is of inventories andwills belonging to the owner of the manor at the turn of the 17th and18th centuries, which are preserved in The Central Archivesof Historical Records in Warsaw. The main part of the article is devoted to the aestheticsand functions of 18th-century furniture in relation to the context of thecourt culture of that time, which Białoszewski explored poetically. In his works he played out the tension between the covering and uncovering ofthe secrets hidden in the complicated security systems of baroque furniture.This tension accumulates in the spatial nature of Obory: it is a remoteand hidden place. Its location allowed Białoszewski to practice covering, uncovering and recovering the history of the manor. These practices notonly constituted the structuring principle of the writer’spoetics, but they also open up the possibility of following the transformations of places of such semantic complexity as Obory. They allow us to capture the dynamics of changes that often involve inverting their previous meanings, e.g. in the context of agricultural reform, and also help to expose the related conflicts.

Керамическая посуда с усадьбы XVII–XVIII вв. Тобольска

The article analyses ceramic pottery from the territory of a manor house dated to end of the 17th — end of the 18th centuries, which was located in the mountainous historical part of Tobolsk, on S.Remezova street, 200 m to the north from the Kremlin. Th e building was destroyed in the Great Fire of 1788. The relevance of the material considered is due to its close relation to the residential complex, which has a fairly narrow dateing, well substantiated by both numismatic and cartographic sources.The narrowly dated ceramic material makes it possible to make a more detailed comparison with other similar assemblages. A total of 125 items of pottery represented by pot, jar and bowl forms were analyzed. A comparison of the shapes shows that wide-necked, squat pots predominate, accounting for more than 85% of the rest of the pottery. The pottery is mainly of a brownish colour.Among the new forms of crockery a single irrigation jar was found. It was not found in the narrowly dated complexes of the end of the 16th — beginning of the 18th centuries. We also considered and characterized the finds of lids, which had not been specially studied in the archaeological ceramics of the town before. The study of ceramics from the territory of the manor allowed characterizing the peculiarities of the pottery which existed on the territory of the Upper Tobolsk during the 18 th century.

Urban Development of Merkinė Town in the 16th–18th Centuries

This study presents data reflecting the urban development of Merkinė in the 16th–18th centuries. The old names of the city streets and the development of the street structure are analyzed. After the analysis of historical sources, the approximate location of the lost masonry and other town buildings is presented, as well as the data of residential and public town buildings and the manor house. In the 16th–18th centuries, wooden buildings dominated in the town, but sources testify that, especially before the mid-17th century war, brick residential buildings were also built in the main town streets. Along with the town hall, the parish church dominated in the structure of the town, as well as the churches and monasteries of the Jesuit residence and the Dominican convent, and on the top of the town a wooden St. Peter’s and St. Paul’s Church stood, which was to be prominently seen in the town’s skyline.

Gardens of Vranyczany’s Manor Houses in Hrvatsko Zagorje in the Age of Historicism

The Vranyczany-Dobrinović family (short: Vranyczany) is an aristocratic family that rose to power in Croatia in the second half of the 19th century. Members of the family possessed five manor houses surrounded by gardens with historicist features from the late 19th and early 20th century. All five are located in the hilly region of Hrvatsko Zagorje, which boasts the highest density of castles and manor houses in Croatia, built in continuity from the 17th until the beginning of the 20th century. The aim is to determine the features of the gardens of the explored castles, on the basis of photographs from the beginning of the 20th century as well as cartographic sources. A wealth of photographic documents from the beginning of the 20th century shows carefully landscaped and kept gardens and parks, with a full life flourishing in them. Vranyczany’s manor houses’ gardens are based on the Biedermeier and romantic tradition of garden culture. Towards the end of the 19th century, many gardeners trained in Vienna, Prague and other Central European cities, lived in Zagreb and the surrounding area. They passed down ideas related to the historicist garden culture and competed in artistic and horticultural gardening.

Wczesny okres twórczości Hanny Żuławskiej. Warszawa–Paryż–Gdynia

Hanna Żuławska (1908–1988) was one of the most prominent artists associated with the Tri -City, and dealing with many fields of art: easel and polychrome painting, architectural mosaic, sgraffito, ceramics and small architecture. Her husband was a painter known on the coast: Jacek Żuławski. She is known primarily for her mature work in the 1950s and 60s; it was then that she showed true individuality. From post - -war times, Żuławska was also teacher and professor at the State Higher School of Fine Arts in Gdańsk and the manager of the Kadyny Ceramics Works. Little, if anything, is known of Hanna Żuławska’s work in the interwar period.
 In 1930–1934, Żuławska studied at the Warsaw School of Fine Arts, among others in the studios of Professors Felicjan Szczęsny Kowarski, Leonard Pękalski and Tadeusz Pruszkowski. It seems that Kowarski’s work in the fields of painting and monumental mosaics had a great influence on Żuławska›s later artistic activity. In the 1930s, Żuławska took part in exhibitions at IPS (Art Propaganda Institute).
 At that time, the artist experienced a period of fascination with the works of the members of the Paris Committee and Pierre Bonnard and Paul Cèzanne, which resulted in the pair of the artists, Hanna and Jacek, leaving for Paris on a scholarship in 1935. In Paris, the artist studied in the painting studio of Józef Pankiewicz, painted still lifes, city views and quite standard landscapes; she also visited museums and led a lively social life. In May 1938, the works of Hanna and five other Polish painters were presented at the prestigious Bernheim Jeune gallery in Paris. The exhibition was well received by critics in Poland.
 Hanna and her husband returned to Poland and settled in Gdynia in the autumn of 1938, where Żuławska established contacts with the artistic community of the city. In 1938, the artists joined the Gdynia branch of the Trade Union of Polish Artists and Designers, and actively participated in its exhibitions until the outbreak of World War II. In recognition of their contribution to the development of art in Gdynia, the Żuławskis also received state orders for a monumental painting decoration of the barracks’ common room at Redłowo, for the creation of paintings for the Chapel of the Hospital of the Sisters of Mercy at Kaszubski Square, and for the polychrome entitled ‘Apotheosis of Gdynia’ in the building of the Government Commissariat (designs not preserved).
 During the Nazi occupation, the Żuławskis were in Warsaw; in November 1944, the artist came to Łańcut near Lublin, where she stayed at an artistic house. In the autumn of 1945, Hanna and Jacek Żuławski together with other residents of the manor house, e.g.: Juliusz Studnicki, Krystyna Łada -Studnicka, Janusz Strzałecki, Józefa and Marian Wnuk, established the State Institute of Fine Arts in Sopot, transformed into the State Higher School of Fine Arts in Gdańsk.

The Royal Studies Journal Article Prize Winner 2021: The Queen's House before Queen's House: Margaret of Anjou and Greenwich Palace, 1447-1453

Almost two hundred years before Inigo Jones completed the Queen’s House for Henrietta Maria at Greenwich, another French-born queen consort of England had established the first queenly household there. In 1447, Margaret of Anjou acquired the riverside residence of Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester, on what is now the site of the Old Royal Naval College. Over the next five years, the Queen commissioned a substantial programme of building works at the site, which transformed the existing manor house into a royal palace. Margaret’s reputation and exercise of power have been widely discussed, yet little consideration has been given to her building activities, and their broader implications for our understanding of her gender role as consort. Through its examination of the location, layout, and design of Margaret’s palace, this article sheds new light on the ways in which the Queen deployed the built environment to articulate her power and status. More broadly, it contributes to scholarship on royal women’s patronage and curation of domestic space, and that concerning the role of queens as agents of cultural transfer.

The mediation of the memories of the Marquesa de Santos in his old manor house in São Paulo

The article presents the Solar da Marquesa de Santos, currently the headquarters of the Museum of the City of São Paulo, which, among other uses, was the residence of Domitila de Castro Canto e Melo in the mid-19th century. The Marquesa de Santos is one of the rare female characters in the consecrated history of the country, whose figure has circulated through various media over time. Considering the forms of appropriation of the house and the stories of its famous owner, it seeks to discuss the challenges imposed by the relationship between the expectations of the public and the reality of its exhibition spaces, understanding the role of heritage education as a way of mediating gender issues aroused during visitation. Keywords: Heritage Education; Gender; Solar da Marquesa de Santos.

David H. Solkin. Art in Britain 1660–1815.

David H. Solkin. <i>Art in Britain 1660–1815</i>.

New Archaeological Excavations of the Jahangir and Gowriyeh Manor Houses in the West of the Sassanid Empire

ABSTRACT The Jahangir and Gowriyeh monuments, located in Ilam province, were excavated from 2015 through 2019 because of the construction of the Kangir Dam. The lack of information about the date of construction, the sequence of residential layers, and the collapse of these monuments raised many questions. Trenches were dug at both sites revealing square plans without foundations, with walls based on the floors, and each site having its own function. Jahangir is larger than Gowriyeh, but their foundation type is different. The cultural materials retrieved from these sites documented two periods: the Sasanian and the early Islamic. The Islamic period settlement is more substantial in Gowriyeh. The results of the excavations reveal the social process of the high-ranked level of Sasanian society in the region according to the royal-local architecture methods.

Objects of Empathy

Objects of Empathy

Comparison of mechanical properties of recent and 400-year-old European larch wood

Wood has been the leading building material throughout the history of mankind. Wood has several advantages over other construction materials, which also makes it one of the most promising materials of the future. The environmental aspect also plays a major role today, as wood is a natural, renewable resource whose processing is very energy-intensive. Due to its repeated and widespread use in construction, the prediction of mechanical properties and their change over time is also very well known, as the overall safety of all buildings also depends on it. Therefore, we compared the mechanical properties of fresh European larch (Larix decidua) and 400-year-old larch found in the Ruard manor house on the Stara Sava in Jesenice, where the renovation of the Upper Sava Museum is currently underway. In order to predict what will happen to the fresh wood over the long term, it is necessary to expose the wood to the same conditions, i.e. to change it with dynamic loads or material fatigue. The effect of aging on flexural strength has not been confirmed. Fatigue results show that old wood withstood about 18 times fewer load cycles than recent larch wood.

The Heraldry of the Noble Gruževskis Family and Its Actualisation at the Kelmė Regional Museum

From the sixteenth to the eighteenth centuries, the heraldry of the nobility of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania was influenced by local, Polish, and other European heraldic traditions. The coat of arms became one of the most important elements representing the culture and identity of the nobles. It reflected their family and marital ties, titles, positions, and other important aspects in the life of the nobility. The coats of arms that have survived to this day act as a reminder of the past lives of their holders. The article explores the heraldry of the noble Gruževskis (Grużewski) family from Samogitia between the sixteenth and eighteenth centuries and its actualisation in the twenty-first century in the manor estate in Kelmė that was formerly owned by this family. The analysis revealed that the Gruževskis, a Polish noble family, who moved to Samogitia in the sixteenth century, enriched the heraldic tradition of the region’s nobility with the Lubicz coat of arms originating in Poland. The Lubicz coat of arms depicts a white horseshoe on an azure field with two crosses, one cross inside the horseshoe and the other outside with a crest of three ostrich feathers. The article looks at the heraldic seals held by the members of the Gruževskis family be­tween the sixteenth and eighteenth centuries, the seventeenth-century coat of arms of Jurgis Gruževskis in the joint coat of arms in Kelmė Evangelical Reformed Church, and the eighteenth-century coat of arms of the Gruževskis family above the entrance to the manor house they used to own. It has been observed that the members of the Gruževskis family preserved their coat of arms from the sixteenth century up to the second half of the eighteenth century and that it was passed down from generation to generation. The analysis of the records shows that the family’s heraldic tradition featured both single-field and combined coats of arms. The emergence of the former in the seventeenth century is traced back to Jurgis Gruževskis. Today, the Kelmė Regional Museum is one of the main memory institutions that preserve and actualise the legacy of the noble Gruževskis family. While the coat of arms of this family is not forgotten by the museum and receives relatively comprehensive attention, there are few attempts to provide more detailed information or more critical insights about it. The heraldry of the former owners of the manor estate is usually presented using easy-to-understand visual resources such as illustrations, stands, interactive materials, and souvenirs. It is believed that visitors could be offered a more detailed picture of the heraldic traditions of the Gruževskis family and a more critical approach to these traditions could be developed by drawing upon a relatively extensive range of heraldic sources and scholarly materials. The possibility of showcasing the copies of the sources featuring the family’s heraldic traditions or developing thematic educational activities is to be considered.

ВЛАДЕНИЯ ГРАФОВ ОРЛОВЫХ-ДАВЫДОВЫХ В ОРЛОВСКОЙ ГУБЕРНИИ (ПО НЕОПУБЛИКО-ВАННЫМ ИСТОЧНИКАМ)

The article gives a detailed description of the Glodnevsky estate of the mid-late XIX century, based on the involvement of little-known documents in the personal funds of Counts Kushelev-Bezborodko and Counts Orlov-Davydov, stored in the Department of Manuscripts of the Russian State Library, in the Russian State Archive of Ancient Acts and in the Russian State Historical Archive, and also used the materials of the Central State Archive of Moscow. On the basis of archival sources, the economic model of the Glodnev estate development is traced, including the economic activity of the estate is sufficiently reflected. At the end of the XVIII century, the owners of the Glodnevsky estate were the illustrious nobles Bezborodko, then the Kushelevs-Bezborodko, representatives of this family served the Fatherland faithfully for many decades. In this regard, their private life, including those related to the management of the estate, deserves attention. The next owner of the Glodnevsky estate was Count A.V. Orlov-Davydov. For the period of ownership of the estate by Count Anatoly Vladimirovich, the estate turns into a high-yield economy. The relevance of the article is also determined by the fact that a significant part of the land of the Glodnevsky estate was located on the territory of the modern Bryansk region. Despite the fact that most of the buildings on the estate have been lost, the main manor house, fragments of the park have survived to this day, so it is quite fair to pay more attention to this manor and highlight its historical past.

Adaptive Reuse of Manor Houses: Modernism and Tradition in Fernando Távora’s Approach for Heritage Renovation

This article seeks to analyze the methodology and principles underlying the intervention of the Portuguese architect and professor Fernando Távora (1923-2005) in the renovation of manor houses in the north of Portugal. Throughout his renowned professional career, Távora designed the refurbishment of numerous country houses, managing to adapt uses and spaces to the new requirements without undermining their strong identity in the landscape and their historical and architectural values. Thus, the study of his particular methodology can provide design guidelines to approach the adaptive reuse of this cultural legacy with respect for its heritage values, especially in rural areas undergoing a severe process of depopulation and agro-productive transformation. Three case studies have been selected in order to determine the evolution and consolidation of his practice: The Casa da Igreja in Mondim de Basto (1958-1961), the Casa da Covilhã (1963-1988) and the Casa da Breia (1984-1985). These renovation projects reveal careful analysis of the preexistence, supporting sensitive introduction of new elements with subtle contemporary expression in respectful continuity with the forms and atmospheres of the past.

Lead provenance for medieval decorated tile glazes from Brittany and Anjou (13th-14th c.)

Medieval pavements composed of lead-glazed tiles decorated with a variety of techniques continue to inspire questions about the organisation of glaze manufacture, and the supply and origin of lead materials. The tiles analysed in this study are from SuscinioI (a 13th-century pavement) and SuscinioII (a 14th-century pavement), at the Château of Suscinio in Brittany, and also from the 14th-century pavement at the fortified manor house in Brain-sur-Allonnes, Anjou. Lead isotope analysis (LIA) was used to examine samples from 44 lead-glazed tiles, 29 of which are transparent, while 15 are tin-opacified (an exogenous technique in these regions during this period). Five out of the six LIA groups thus identified favour site-specific supply networks, while results for the remaining group, LIA5, indicate a multi-site supply network. After combining LIA results with archaeological and historical data, the most likely provenance for the lead materials in LIA5 is Derbyshire, in the British Isles. Both the importation of ready-to-use glazing mixtures and the use of lead from neighbouring mines can now therefore be discounted as plausible hypotheses for the production of the tin-opacified lead-glaze tiles analysed in this study.

The Development of a Manor House over the Longue Durée: Nassington Prebendal Manor, Northamptonshire

ABSTRACT Excavation beneath the standing building of the Prebendal Manor House at Nassington revealed the remains of part of a tenth-century structure and the plan of an early eleventh-century timber chamber and single-aisle hall. The eleventh-century remains are identified as the hall of the priest which was later transferred to endow a prebend at Lincoln cathedral. That building was modified in the twelfth century when the single-storey chamber was replaced with a two-storey structure. The timber house was replaced c.1200 on almost exactly the same site by an unaisled stone hall with a span of 7.6 m and a stone chamber. The chamber was conjoined with the hall, but entered externally. In 1433–50 a major reconstruction of the hall was undertaken, with the walls raised and a new roof constructed. The service wing was rebuilt in a slightly later phase, with a clasped purlin roof dated to c. 1455. The later development of the manor house is treated more summarily. Parts of the hall are still standing, while the chamber was not demolished until c. 1800. The persistence on the same site of a manorial building from the eleventh century onwards is notable, and the reasons for this are examined.

Проблема локализации мемориальных объектов на территории села Верхние Аремзяны Тюменской области, связанных с родом Корнильевых-Менделеевых

The article raises the problem of geographical localization of lost memorial objects (glass factory, manor house, St. Nicholas church) associated with the Korniliev-Mendeleev family (village Verkhnie Aremzyani of Tobolsk province). Scientific originality of the study lies in the fact that relying on a comprehensive analysis of historical sources, the authors formulate their own hypothesis concerning geographical location of the memorial objects. The research findings are as follows: the authors identify possible location of the Kornilievs’ glass factory and advance a hypothesis concerning location of St. Nicholas church of the second half of the XVIII century.

How to assess the impact of commercially reused immovable cultural heritage on local, sustainable development in a holistic way?

PurposeThe paper is to propose a tool for holistic impact assessment of commercially reused immovable cultural heritage resources on local, sustainable development along with the possibility to ensure the cultural sustainability of these assets themselves. The paper contains a case study using the proposed tool. The case study concerns a historic object in the form of a Polish manor house located in rural areas in Poland adapted for commercial purposes – restaurant, painting gallery and renovation of antique furniture.Design/methodology/approachThe author proposes a holistic approach based on aspects, to impact assessment of given heritage resources on the economic, social, cultural and environmental pillars of sustainable development and the sustainable use of heritage assets themselves. Above that, the approach proposes to use the assumptions of EMAS or ISO 14001 systems for assessment of environmental aspects in case of reused cultural heritage assets.FindingsThe test study showed that the proposed tool allows determining whether, how and to what extent the contemporary commercial function of a given element of immovable cultural heritage contributes to local sustainable development and whether and to what extent the cultural sustainability of a given cultural heritage is ensured.Research limitations/implicationsIn the proposed approach, very detailed quantitative data cannot be included because of the need to simplify the research.Practical implicationsThe proposed tool can be used by owners of reused historic buildings, local authorities, services responsible for the protection of cultural heritage and financing institutions to determine whether a given contemporary commercial function of cultural heritage resources contributes to local sustainable development in holistic approach and whether this function ensures the preservation of its cultural sustainability.Social implicationsThe use of the proposed tool will give the opportunity to take appropriate actions to increase the impact of historic objects on local sustainable development including social aspects. Moreover, it will be possible to increase the cultural sustainability of these objects.Originality/valueThere are not many studies and tools that provide a possibility to assess a holistic impact of reused cultural heritage on local sustainable development. Research usually concerns one or two pillars: social and economic. Above that, the study of the cultural appreciation in two different groups: direct users and the local community is a novelty in the perception of contribution to cultural development. It may contribute to the different way of measurement of appreciation of cultural heritage and its contribution to social and cultural development. In addition, to study the environmental pillar, the author proposes an approach used in environmental management (ISO 1400 and EMAS), i.e. the application of activities related to eliminating the potentially harmful impact of a new function of the historic resource on the natural environment.

XVI-wieczny dwór obronny w Zgłobniu i jego nowa funkcja – Regionalna Składnica Zabytków Archeologicznych jako nowy oddział Muzeum Okręgowego w Rzeszowie

XVI-wieczny dwór obronny w Zgłobniu i jego nowa funkcja – Regionalna Składnica Zabytków Archeologicznych jako nowy oddział Muzeum Okręgowego w Rzeszowie