Manifestation Of Ischemic Stroke Research Articles

Translating Animal Models of Ischemic Stroke to the Human Condition.

Ischemic stroke is a leading cause of death and disability. However, very few neuroprotective agents have shown promise for treatment of ischemic stroke in clinical trials, despite showing efficacy in many successful preclinical studies. This may be attributed, at least in part, to the incongruency between experimental animal stroke models used in preclinical studies and the manifestation of ischemic stroke in humans. Most often the human population selected for clinical trials are more diverse than the experimental model used in a preclinical study. For successful translation, it is critical to develop clinical trial designs that match the experimental animal model used in the preclinical study. This review aims to provide a comprehensive summary of commonly used animal models with clear correlates between rodent models used to study ischemic stroke and the clinical stroke pathologies with which they most closely align. By improving the correlation between preclinical studies and clinical trials, new neuroprotective agents and stroke therapies may be more accurately and efficiently identified.

C9orf16 (BBLN) gene, encoding a member of Hero proteins, is a novel marker in ischemic stroke risk

Background: Ischemic stroke (IS) is the leading cause of death and disability worldwide. Chaperone proteins protect brain cells from the ischemic damage by restoring the structures of damaged proteins. Chaperone C9orf16 (also known as BBLN) belongs to the class of heat-resistant obscure (HERO) proteins, characterized by the ability to stabilize various proteins, suppress neurotoxicity and reduce proteotoxic stress. In this regard, it may play a potentially significant role in the risk of development and clinical manifestations of IS. The aim of the study: To investigate an association between a single nucleotide polymorphism rs2900262 in the gene encoding C9orf16 and predisposition to IS. Materials and methods: A total of 897 patients with IS and 1140 healthy controls were recruited for the study. Genotyping was done using a probe-based genotyping assay. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the associations of the rs2900262 genotypes with the risk of IS and ischemic events. Dominant, recessive and additive models of associations of genotypes were analyzed. Adjustment for sex, age, and smoking was done throughout. Benjamini-Hogberg false-discovery rate was used to correct for multiple comparisons. Results: The rs2900262*T allele was found to be associated with the increased risk of IS exclusively in females (dominant model: OR=1.74, 95% CI=1.07-2.82, PFDR=0.042; additive model: OR=1.69, 95% CI=1.06-2.71, PFDR=0.042). Additional analysis showed that the rs2900262*T is associated with the increased risk of IS in smokers only (dominant model: OR=1.92, 95% CI=1.09-3.37, PFDR=0.042; additive model: OR=1.79, 95%CI=1.04-3.08, PFDR=0.042). Also, we demonstrated that C/T-T/T genotype carriers exhibit an earlier manifestation of IS (59.53±1.12 years) compared to the C/C genotype carriers (61.63±0.4 years); mean difference=-1.98; 95% CI=-3.61 – -0.36; PFDR=0.026. Conclusion: This study is the first in the world to demonstrate the possible contribution of the rs2900262 C9orf16 gene polymorphism to the risk of ischemic stroke.

Ассоциация полиморфных вариантов гена каталитической субъединицы глутаматцистеинлигазы с клиническими характеристиками ишемического инсульта

An imbalance between the production of reactive oxygen species and their neutralization lies at the core of oxidative stress implicated in ischemic stroke (IS) and the subsequent brain tissue damage. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of common polymorphic variants of the glutamate cysteine ligase catalytic subunit gene on the extent of brain damage and clinical manifestations in patients with ischemic stroke. A total of 589 ischemic stroke survivors were genotyped for 6 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the GCLC gene, including rs12524494, rs17883901, rs606548, rs636933, rs648595 and rs761142, using a MassARRAY-4 analyzer. The study found that genotypes rs636933-G/A-A/A (р = 0.009) and rs761142-A/C-C/C (р = 0.015) were associated with an enlargement of the cerebral lesion size. Genotypes rs12524494-G/G (р = 0.05) and rs606548-T/T (р = 0.003) were associated with a risk of 2 or more IS episodes. Genotype rs17883901-G/A was associated with early onset of IS (р = 0.004). The study revealed multiple associations of GCLC SNPs with the clinical manifestations of ischemic stroke. Thus, GCLC polymorphisms are important DNA markers affecting the size of the cerebral lesion in patients with ischemic stroke and are associated with age at onset, the number of past strokes and the clinical manifestations of the disease.

Experience in the treatment of patients with fusiform aneurysms of cerebral vessels

Experience in the treatment of patients with fusiform aneurysms of cerebral vessels

MicroRNA expression profile in patients in the early stages of ischemic stroke

Stroke is one of the leading causes of death and disability in the population, has a complex multifactorial nature and develops through the interaction of environmental factors and genetic predisposition, the pattern and mechanisms of which have been insufficiently studied. Ischemic stroke (IS) is most commonly encountered. Objective: to investigate the differential expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) in the plasma of patients in the acute and subacute stages of stroke. Patients and methods. The investigation enrolled 10 patients (5 men and 5 women; mean age, 64.5 years) with IS and 10 gender- and agematched volunteers (a control group). A real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to analyze the expression of 45 miRNAs isolated from the plasma samples of the patients on days 1 and 8 after onset of IS and isolated once from those of the controls. Results. A list of 45 miRNAs, that might be potential biomarkers and/or prognostic factors of stroke, was compiled. The investigation showed a decrease in let-7i-3p and miR-23a-3p miRNA expression in patients on the first day after onset of IS compared to the control group. The expression of miR-23a-3p increased in the patients at 8 days after IS. The patients with IS and the controls both showed gender differences in the expression of let-7i-5p and miR-92b-3p. Conclusion. The in-silico analysis revealed specific miRNA clusters associated with the peculiarities of clinical manifestations of IS. This may suggest that the patients with the favorable and unfavorable course of stroke may have its different molecular basis. In addition, it is necessary to take into account gender differences in the expression of individual miRNAs in assessing their significance in the pathogenesis and prognosis of IS.

Clinical and neurological characteristics of patients with recurrent ischemic stroke

Ischemic stroke is an important medical and social problem, due to the high incidence of morbidity, disability and mortality. The presence of motor, sensory disorders, cognitive and language disorders as clinical manifestations of ischemic stroke is correlated with high frequency disability.The article highlights the results of clinical and neurological examination of 60 patients with primary and recurrent ischemic stroke. The statistical processing of the material demonstrate the severity of neurological disorders, complaints, anxiety and cognitive disorders in patients with recurrent ischemic stroke, compared to the original.

Transcortical sensory aphasia as an isolated manifestation of ischemic stroke

Transcortical sensory aphasia as an isolated manifestation of ischemic stroke

Isolated labyrinthine infarction as a harbinger of anterior inferior cerebellar artery territory infarction with normal diffusion-weighted brain MRI

Objectives This paper aims to determine the frequency of isolated labyrinthine infarction as an initial manifestation of anterior inferior cerebellar artery (AICA) territory infarction and discuss its clinical implication. Methods We studied 54 consecutive patients with AICA infarction diagnosed by brain MRI from the acute stroke registry. Results We identified 4 patients (7.4%) with AICA territory infarction who initially presented with vertigo and hearing loss mimicking acute labyrinthitis and subsequently suffered from delayed neurological deficits. All patients had normal brain MRIs including diffusion-weighted images at the time of isolated audiovestibular loss, but all subsequently exhibited acute infarct(s) in the AICA territory on follow-up brain MRIs when they developed additional neurological deficits. Conclusion Labyrinthine infarction may be a warning sign of impending pontocerebellar infarction in the AICA territory. Our results indicate that even a classical peripheral presentation, e.g., acute hearing loss, and acute vertigo with unidirectional nystagmus, may be a manifestation of ischemic stroke in the posterior circulation.