Rehabilitation Of Mangrove Forests Research Articles

Determination of chlorophyll-a and its distribution in the waters of the mangrove forest rehabilitation area in Mojo Estuaria, Pemalang

Determination of chlorophyll-a and its distribution in the waters of the mangrove forest rehabilitation area in Mojo Estuaria, Pemalang

Analysis of mangrove vegetation on Mursala Island

Mangrove forest destruction is a serious problem that is currently occurring in almost all of Indonesia. To ensure the success of mangrove forest rehabilitation and as evaluation material, monitoring the condition of the rehabilitated mangrove ecosystem is very important. The methods used in measuring and observing mangrove vegetation are the path method and the grid line method. Transects were selected using the Purposive Sampling method after conducting an initial survey. The transect locations were chosen to reflect the overall condition of the mangrove forest in the study area. As a result of the research, 30 research plots were built, and 6 types of mangrove species from 3 families were obtained, namely Rhizophoraceae (Rhizophora stylosa, Rhizophora mucronata, Rhizophora apiculata, Bruguiera gymnorhiza), Combretaceae (Lumnitzera racemosa), and Meliaceae (Xylocarpus granatum). Rhizophora stylosa dominates with the highest IVI, namely (118.4), followed by Rhizophora mucronata (78.0) and Rhizophora Apiculata (55.1). This shows that Rhizophora stylosa has the strongest role in the tree community in the study area. At the seedling stage, the diversity index (H’) reached 0.4, indicating a relatively low level of diversity. At the sapling stage, the diversity index increased to 1.0585 and at the tree growth stage, the diversity index was 1.38, indicating a balanced level of diversity.

Impact of Pest and Diseases on Mangrove Forest Rehabilitation in Indonesia: A Review

Impact of Pest and Diseases on Mangrove Forest Rehabilitation in Indonesia: A Review

Community participation and evaluation of mangrove forest rehabilitation activities using multicriteria analysis in Pasar Rawa village, Langkat Regency

Mangrove forests in Pasar Rawa Village have experienced degradation and damage due to activities changing the function of forest areas into oil palm plantations and fish farms. To overcome this, community participation is key in evaluating forest and land rehabilitation (FLR) as a step to restore, preserve, and improve the function and productivity of these forests and land. This research aims to analyze the level of participation and the determination of a set of criteria and indicators for the success of FLR evaluation. This research uses the method scale Likert to determine the level of community participation, and multicriteria analysis is used to choose a set of criteria and indicators for the success of FLR evaluation. This research shows that community participation in planning, implementation, monitoring, and post-planting activities received a high category, and the FLR success rate was 82.3%, including the "good" predicate. This is due to the heightened awareness of the importance of protecting mangrove forests. However, it is still necessary to improve FLR activities in the future so that the mangrove forest in Pasar Rawa village remains sustainable.

Implementation of Mangrove Forest Rehabilitation in Urumb Village, Semangga District, Merauke Regency

In the Presidential Regulation of the Republic of Indonesia Number 73 of 2012 concerning the National Strategy for Mangrove Ecosystem Management, it is explained that the life support system and natural resources are of very high value, therefore efforts are needed to protect, preserve and use sustainably for the welfare of the community. The purpose of this study is to determine the implementation of the community in mangrove forest rehabilitation in Urumb village, Semangga District, Merauke Regency. The research was conducted from September to November 2022, in Urumb Village. The research method used was qualitative descriptive with Purpusive sampling technique by determining the number of samples using the Slovin formula with a tolerance degree of 10%, so that a sample of 92 respondents from 1020 populations was obtained. The data collected in this study are primary and secondary data. The data analysis used in the study used qualitative data analysis of the Miles and Huberman model. The implementation of mangrove rehabilitation in Urumb Village consists of four activities, namely; Enrichment of biological resources consisting of mangrove planting activities and mangrove habitat improvement. Habitat improvement carried out in Urumb village in habitat improvement activities is a ban on sand excavation. Protection of mangroves so that they grow and develop naturally and are environmentally friendly.
 Keywords: Implementation of Mangrove Rehabilitation; Urumb Village; Merauke

The Growth Response of Propagules Rhizophora mucronata in Soaking Coconut Water and Applying NPK Fertilizer

Rhizophora mucronata is a mangrove plant that has the strongest root system and often chosen in mangrove forest rehabilitation. Planting Rhizophora mucronata often fails due to limited seed supply and poor seedling quality. This study aims to determine the growth response of Rhizophora mucronata propagules to coconut water immersion and NPK fertilizer. The research was conducted from February 2023 to June 2023 at the screenhouse of the Banten Agricultural Instrument Standardization Implementation Center (BPSIP) Banten. The research was arranged in a Randomized Group Design with three replications and consisted of two factors. The first factor is soaking treatment consisting of 2 levels, namely soaking without coconut water and soaking with coconut water. The second factor is the concentration of NPK fertilizer consisting of 4 levels, namely 0 g/plant, 9 g/plant, 12 g/plant, and 15 g/plant. The parameters observed were shoot emergence time (days), leaf emergence time (days), stem diameter (mm), number of roots (strands), and root length (cm). The results showed that coconut water soaking treatment gave results that significantly affected to stem diameter, number of roots and root length. The application of NPK fertilizer 9 g/plant gives results that significantly affected to shoot rupture time, leaf emergence time, number of roots, and root length.

Suitability of Mangrove Forests for Sustainable Tourism

The Pantai Indah Kapuk (PIK) Mangrove Ecotourism is in DKI Jakarta Province. It can develop into sustainable tourism because it has good natural conditions and an easy-to-reach location. This research aims to determine the suitability index of mangrove forest tourism for sustainable tourism development. This research was conducted from February to March 2023. The method used in this research is a quantitative descriptive method. This study has two observation points to determine the thickness, density, type of vegetation, and biota objects. The results showed that this location has the potential to be used as a tourist attraction. It is supported by the value of the tourism suitability index for each research station of 68.7% at the first observation station and 62.5% at the second observation station. Rhizphora apiculata species dominate the composition of the mangrove vegetation in this location, with a density of 850 trees/ha. The thickness of the mangrove at this location is 60.4 m at the first station and 64.1 m at the second station. The biota objects found at the observation point were fish, mollusks, reptiles, and mammals. Overall, this research location is suitable for tourist attractions and can be developed to become more sustainable tourism. However, several efforts are needed to improve this suitability, such as mangrove forest rehabilitation and cooperation from various stakeholders.

MANGROVE PLANTING TRAINING IN KAMPOENG KEPITING TUBAN VILLAGE, KUTA SUB-DISTRICT, BADUNG DISTRICT, BALI

Tuban Village is one of the villages in Badung Regency that has the potential of coastal areas that are utilized by the community for various purposes. The high utilization of coastal areas has led to the conversion of mangrove land for various purposes, resulting in damage in the form of abrasion in several places, pollution due to industrial activities, households and aquaculture activities. Therefore, mangrove forest rehabilitation program is considered as one of the important recommendations in order to restore the condition of mangrove ecosystem in this region. The training consisted of a group of Nature Lovers Students (Mapala) which included the provision of training and socialization in the field on the introduction of mangrove tree species and characteristics and mangrove tree planting techniques in theory and application of the theory that has been obtained in the form of collecting and processing mangrove trees to be used as seeds and planting practices. The results of the training showed that all participants understood the material presented. This can be seen from the way participants apply the theory obtained by direct practice in the field.

THE ROLE OF THE GOVERNMENT IN THE EFFORT OF MANGROVE FOREST CONSERVATION IN THE COASTAL AREA OF TARAKAN CITY, NORTH KALIMANTAN PROVINCE

The city of Tarakan has a very wide mangrove forest, as for the phenomena and problems in mangrove conservation, namely the irresponsibility of the community who transfers land functions for personal purposes. Some of the mangrove areas are aquaculture areas by the community and there are residential areas in the mangrove area. The purpose of this study is to analyze and determine the aspects that influence the role of the government in its efforts to preserve mangrove forests in the coastal area of Tarakan City, North Kalimantan Province. The method used is descriptive qualitative. The research was carried out in the City of Tarakan and the City of Tanjung Selor, the Province of North Kalimantan, for data collection the authors visited the Forestry Service of the Province of North Kalimantan, the KPH of the City of Tarakan and the BLH of the City of Tarakan. Data were collected through direct observation, interviews and documentation. This research resulted in the role of the government as a facilitator, regulator, catalyst and efforts to preserve the mangrove forest of Tarakan City, namely mangrove conservation areas, mangrove replanting, restoration/rehabilitation of mangrove areas, public education and factors that have an influence including the availability of facilities and infrastructure, budget availability, partnerships and community participation. The conclusion shows the role of the government in its efforts to preserve mangrove forests in the coastal area of Tarakan City as much as possible, but there are still obstacles in the field that are in direct contact with people who carry out activities around the mangrove area and the need for budget fulfillment for the implementation of mangrove forest rehabilitation.

The level of damage and estimation of rehabilitation value in the Lantebung Mangrove Ecotourism, Makassar City

This study aims to determine the level of damage and estimation of rehabilitation value in the Lantebung Mangrove Ecotourism, Makassar City. The sampling technique was carried out using a survey technique with a purposive sampling method. The size of the plots made is 20 m x 50 m with a total of 8 plots. The level of mangrove damage is determined based on land cover and vegetation density. Estimating the value of ecotourism rehabilitation is based on the Regulation of the Director-General of Natural Resources and Ecosystem Conservation P.8/KSDAE/SET/REN.2/10/2017 concerning Standards for Activities and Costs for Conservation of Natural Resources and Ecosystems. The results showed that there were two types of mangrove species, namely Rhizophora mucronate and Avicennia alba. Lantebung Mangrove Ecotourism has a vegetation cover of 82% with a vegetation density of 1,760 individuals/ha, so that the level of damage to mangroves is in a good category. In general, damage to Lantebung Mangrove Ecotourism is caused by converting mangrove forests into fishponds and settlements. The total cost of mangrove forest rehabilitation is IDR. 350,220,000

Community Structure of Benthic Epifauna in Mangrove Forest Rehabilitation of Kedaburapat Village Kepulauan Meranti District

The mangrove forest area is important for benthic epifauna because it is a habitat for benthic epifauna. This research was conducted in September 2020 in the mangrove forest rehabilitation area of ??Kedaburapat Village, Kepulauan Meranti. In this study, it was divided into 2 areas, namely the mangrove planting period 2018 and the planting period 2019. The result of this study found 18 species from 2 classes, Gastropods and Malacostraca. Gastropod class namely Littoraria melanostoma, Nerita balteata and Sphaerassiminea miniata; and Malacostraca classes namely Macrophthalmus convexus, Clibanarius longitarsus and Clibanarius ambonensis. Macrozoobenthic abundance values ??ranged from 50.33 to 46.63 ind/m2, the diversity index value (H ') was between 1.23-2.27, the dominance index value was 0.30-0.65, the uniformity index (E) ranged from 0.32-0.67 and the distribution ranges from 0.94-1.61. Water quality parameters measured include temperature, salinity, pH, organic matter, TSS and substrates that affect the presence of benthic epifauna

Ecotourism-Based Mangrove Conservation Strategy in Cemara Beach, Banyuwangi Regency

Mangrove forest management is important for environmental conservation efforts in coastal areas. The purpose of this study was to determine the activities of mangrove forest rehabilitation and sustainable mangrove forest management strategies through ecotourism at Cemara Beach, Banyuwangi Regency. This study used a survey approach as well as direct interviews and field observations. The impact caused by the rehabilitation of mangrove forests in the study area is increasing fish catches, reducing coastal abrasion, resisting sea breezes, and increasing the number of types of biota catches in the form of shrimp, shellfish, and crabs around the mangroves. Another impact is the increase in the attractiveness of the fir beach so that it is worthy of being used as a tourist attraction, especially eco-based tourism. The strategies that need to be carried out in the management of mangrove forests include planting mangrove trees, strengthening coastal management institutions, increasing human resources (HR) for fishing groups, increasing collaboration with stakeholders, diversifying the income of women fishermen from Cemara Beach, and innovating eco-based tourist attractions. Ecotourism at Cemara Beach, Banyuwangi Regency.Keywords: Ecotourism, Mangrove, Cemara Beach, Conservation strategy.

PENGARUH KARAKTERISTIK HABITAT MANGROVE TERHADAP KEPADATAN KEPITING ( SCYLLA SERRATA ) DI PANTAI UTARA KABUPATEN DEMAK, JAWA TENGAH

Rehabilitation of mangrove forests is very important to maintain ecosystem stability and increase the productivity of mangrove forests. The success of mangrove forest rehabilitation can be seen by the density of mangrove vegetation and the increase in mangrove crabs. Mangrove crab is the main commodity for farming communities because in addition to playing an important role in the mangrove ecosystem, it also has high economic value so it needs to be developed to increase people's income. This research was conducted with the aim of knowing the density of mangrove vegetation and crab density in different planting years and the effect of mangrove habitat characteristics on crab density. The research was conducted in three different planting years, namely 2003, 2005, and 2006. Each planting year consisted of a front zone, a middle zone and a back zone. In each zone a measuring plot with a size of 5 m x 5 m was made to collect data on vegetation density, temperature, mud thickness, salinity, acidity, and dissolved oxygen (DO). Then in the 5 m x 5 m plot, a 1 m x 1 m plot was made to collect data on the number of crabs. Data analysis used regression equation and ANOVA difference test. The results showed that the highest vegetation density was in the back zone of the 2006 planting year with a density of 2160 individuals/ha, while the highest density of crabs was in the 2005 planting year with a density of 12111.11 individuals/ha. Regression analysis showed the effect of temperature, mud thickness and salinity variables on crab density with the equation Y = 3.447 - 0.044X1 - 0.009X2 - 0.230X3 with R = 0.809. In the different ANOVA test, only the thickness of the mud had a significant difference at three years of planting (0.00 < 0.05).

Growth of Api-Api (Avicennia alba) Rehabilitation in Kedaburapat Village, Rangsang Pesisir City Meranti Islands District

This research was conducted in July-October 2020. Observation and data collection of Avicennia alba growth was carried out in the mangrove forest rehabilitation area, Kedaburapat, Kepulauan Meranti Regency. The purpose of this study was to analyze the growth of A. alba as on rehabilitation project based on the height and diameter planted in the coastal area of Kedaburapat, Kepulauan Meranti Regency. A survey method was conducted to obtain primary data. The data collected included the height and diameter of A. alba stems as well as measurements of water quality. The results of the research showed that the average height increase A. alba on the transect was 7.59-19.86 cm/month. The average value of the increased diameter based on the transect was 1.05-3.11 mm/month. Meanwhile, the average height by zone was 8.07-16.13 cm/month. The average value of the increased diameter by zone was 1.03-2.70 mm/month

Effect of altered salinities on the growth and root performance in Ceriops tagal seedlings

Mangrove forests degradation caused by anthropogenic activities leads to a decrease in the composition of mangrove forests. Mangrove forest rehabilitation activities, therefore, are needed to improve mangrove forest ecosystems. Research on the growth and development of true mangrove seedling roots of Ceriops tagal on various salinity was examined in a greenhouse, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Sumatra Utara. This study used a non-factorial Complete Randomized Design with 5 treatments salinity (0%, 0.5%, 1%, 2%, and 3% concentrations) and repeated with ten replications. Results showed that 0.5% salinity concentration dominated the observed parameters, such as seedling growth height, seedling diameter, number of leaf count, leaf area, leaf thickness, root diameter, canopy water content 0.5%, and root and shoot ratio. By contrast, the highest shoot water content was at 0% salinity and root length at 2.0% salt concentration. This study indicated that the best growth of C. tagal seedlings was at 0.5% salinity concentration because more than 80% of parameter measurements were at 0.5% salinity concentration.

PARTISIPASI MASYARAKAT DALAM MEREHABILITASI HUTAN MANGROVE DI DESA SUNGAI BAKAU BESAR LAUT KECAMATAN MEMPAWAH TIMUR KABUPATEN MEMPAWAH

The condition of mangrove forests in the Sungai Bakau Besar Laut Village has been damaged, with these conditions it is necessary to participate from the surrounding community to carry out the rehabilitation of mangrove forests in order to repair the damage. For this reason, this study aims to explore the level of community participation in rehabilitating mangrove forests and Analyzing the relationship of community participation with age, education, knowledge and income towards participation in rehabilitating mangrove forests. The research method uses survey method with the sampling technique of respondents using purposive random sampling and interview techniques. Respondents in the study numbered 78 respondents. Indicators of success of community participation consists of several stages, namely the planning stage, the organizational stage, the implementation phase, and the evaluation stage. The results showed that community participation in planning and organizational activities was moderate, the level of community participation in implementation activities was low, and the level of participation in evaluation meetings was high. There is no relationship between age factors and income factors on community participation in rehabilitating mangroves, related to education factors on community participation are not related and there is a relationship between knowledge factors on community participation and very influentialKeywords: Community, Mangroves, Participation, Rehabilitation, Sungai Bakau

PERSEPSI MASYARAKAT KELURAHAN WELAI TIMUR DAN KELURAHAN WELAI BARAT TENTANG REHABILITASI DAN PENGELOLAAN HUTAN MANGROVE

Hutan mangrove merupakan vegetasi pantai yang memiliki karakteristik yang unik. Peran hutan mangrove selain ditinjau dari fungsi ekologinya yang membangun, juga diketahui memiliki nilai ekonomis yang mendorong kegiatan eksploratif, sehingga mangrove rawan terhadap perusakan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui persepsi masyarakat terhadap rehabilitasi dan pengelolaan hutan mengrove di Kelurahan Welai Timur dan Kelurahan Welai Barat Kabupaten Alor. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survei lapangan dengan eksploratif dan pengambilan data menggunakan kuesioner, di analisis menggunakan analisis jalur (Path Analysis) SmartPLS. Hasil penelitian melalui Uji Path menggambarkan bahwa variabel yang memiliki nilai koefisien dan nilai T-hitung terbesar adalah aspirasi dan peran masyarakat terhadap rehabilitasi hutan mangrove dibandingkan dengan variabel kebijakan daerah terhadap aspirasi dan peran masyarakat, juga kebijakan daerah terhadap rehabilitasi hutan mangrove di Kelurahan Welai Timur dan Kelurahan Welai Barat.

Spatial distribution of salinity, mud thickness and slope along mangrove ecosystem of the coast of Kupang District, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia

Abstract. Matatula J, Poedjirahajoe E, Pudyatmoko S, Sadono R. 2019. Spatial distribution of salinity, mud thickness and slope along mangrove ecosystem of the coast of Kupang District, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 1624-1632. Mangrove ecosystem is suffering from continuous damage in terms of quality as well as quantity. Rapid mangrove conversion triggered by the ever-growing human population and activities have affected them adversely and caused mangrove deterioration in the coastal areas of Kupang District, Indonesia. The decline of quality and quantity of mangrove environment has caused highly alarming effects, such as an increase in abrasion, decrease of marine products, and sea-water intrusion. Although various efforts have been deployed for the rehabilitation of mangrove forests, there are no significant results yet. One of the reasons is such efforts are not based on scientific data on suitability of the physico-chemical conditions of the mangrove habitats. The objectives of this study was to analyse the physico-chemical conditions, such as salinity, mud thickness and slope of five selected mangrove locations, namely Tarus, Mata Air, Tanah Merah, Oebelo and Merdeka in Kupang District by systematic sampling method and to prepare spatial distribution maps for each of these parameters. Salinity conditions showed a wide variation in the study locations, starting from 10 ppm to 38.33 ppm. Mud thickness ranged from 20.11 cm to 84.77 cm in the entire study area. The highest mud thickness of 84.77 cm was found in Tanah Merah, followed by Oebelo with the maximum thickness of 74.66 cm, Mata Air with 56.22 cm, Merdeka with 53.66 cm, and the lowest mud thickness was in Tarus with 53.55 cm. Mangrove locations in Kupang District are dominated with 2-3% slope. The study indicated that the habitat conditions in the coastal area of Kupang District are suitable for the growth of mangroves. This study will also provide the basis to plan future mangrove rehabilitation programs in the study area.

Society’s Participation Model For Mangrove Rehabilitation in Cempa District, Pinrang Regency

This study aims to determine: 1) The level of society support in the rehabilitation of mangrove forests. 2) Model ofsociety participation in the rehabilitation of mangrove forests. The population in this study was 721 people, a sample was72 people. The sampling technique used is proportional random sampling. Data collection using observation techniques, interviews, and questionnaires. Data analysis using descriptive interpretative. The results showed that the level of knowledge and society support about mangrove forest rehabilitation is good enough. The model of society participation is that they are directly involved in the rehabilitation of mangrove forest starting from the planning stage, which is to provide aspirations in the form of concepts, ideas. Designing the concept to be implemented. Planting, they participates in the provision of seeds and planting. Establish working groups led by community leaders or chairmen of working groups. Maintenance, participate in mangrove csssare from the re-planting of mangroves that diaman dead and eradicate the pests that attack the mangrove seeds, and finally the Supervision, in this stage they forbid anyone to remove, cut the mangrove that has been planted. The government also participates in the supervision and make the rule of giving sanctions to those who deliberately destroy the mangrove ecosystem.

Vegetation Characteristic and Micro Environment of Mangrove Rehabilitation Forest at Coastal Areas of East Sinjai, South Sulawesi

This study aims to determine vegetation characteristics and micro-climate of rehabilitation mangrove forests at East Sinjai District, Sinjai Regency. The results showed that mangrove forest rehabilitation had a complete vegetation structure, consisting of seedlings, saplings, and trees, with the level of vegetation diversity included in the “low” category. Overall, there are 18 types of mangroves at the rehabilitation mangrove forest, consisting of 12 major mangroves and 6 minor mangroves. The dominant mangrove vegetation is Rhizophoramucronata with an Important Value Index on the tree class is 263.183. Substrate texture under mangrove vegetation is dominated by “sandy clays” with pH level between “acid” to “neutral” and soil fertility levels based on C-Organic content, categorized in “high levels”. Water quality is included in the “good” category with an average pH level of 7.03 (neutral) and an average dissolved oxygen content (DO) of 5.12. The level of macrozoobenthic diversity categorized in the “medium” level, with the diversity index value (H) of 1.365 and the dominant species, namely Littorinascabra. The level of plankton diversity is “medium” category with a diversity index value of 1.711 with the dominant species Coscinodiscus sp.