Manganese Ferrite Nanoparticles Research Articles

Nanotechnology in Agriculture: Manganese Ferrite Nanoparticles as a Micronutrient Fertilizer for Wheat.

Limited research has focused on nanoparticle (NP) applications' impact on edible wheat parts in a field environment. Here, we studied the nutritional quality of edible parts of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) with a field experiment by spraying MnFe2O4 nanoparticles. Wheat was foliar sprayed with 0, 25, 50, and 100 mg/L composite manganese ferrite (MnFe2O4) NPs during 220 d of a growth period. Ionic controls were prepared using the conventional counterparts (MnSO4·H2O and FeSO4·7H2O) to compare with the 100 mg/L MnFe2O4 NPs. After three consecutive foliar applications, nanoparticles demonstrated a substantial elevation in grain yield and harvest index, exhibiting a noteworthy increase to 5.0 ± 0.12 t/ha and 0.46 ± 0.001 in the 100 mg/L NP dose, respectively, concomitant with a 14% enhancement in the grain number per spike. Fe, Mn, and Ca content in grain increased to 77 ± 2.7 mg/kg, 119 ± 2.8 mg/kg, and 0.32 ± 7.9 g/kg in the 100 mg/L NPs, respectively. Compared to the ion treatment, the 100 mg/L NP treatments notably boosts wheat grain crude protein content (from 13 ± 0.79% to 15 ± 0.58%) and effectively lowers PA/Fe levels (from 11 ± 0.7 to 9.3 ± 0.5), thereby improving Fe bioavailability. The VSM results exhibited a slight superparamagnetic behavior, whereas the grains and stems exhibited diamagnetic behavior. The results indicate that the nanomaterial did not accumulate in the grains, suggesting its suitability as an Fe and Mn-rich fertilizer in agriculture. Above all, the foliar application of nanocomposites increased the concentrations of Fe, Mn, and Ca in wheat grains, accompanied by a significant enhancement in grain yield. Therefore, the research results indicate that the foliar application of MnFe2O4 NPs can positively regulate wheat grains' nutritional quality and yield.

Green synthesis and characterization of polyphenol-coated magnesium-substituted manganese ferrite nanoparticles: Antibacterial and antioxidant properties

Magnesium-substituted manganese ferrite (Mn0.9Mg0.1Fe2O4) nanoparticles were obtained through a wet chemical method and coated with green-extracted polyphenol from Punica granatum peel. The obtained spinel nanocomposite was fully characterized. The X-ray diffraction pattern revealed a single phase with an average crystalline size of 3.33–8.74 nm, confirming the cubic-spinel structure. The FESEM micrograph showed a quasi-spherical shape with nearly uniform particles, indicating mild agglomeration. The mean size of the Mn0.9Mg0.1Fe2O4 was 13.66 nm with a standard deviation of 2.05. The BET isotherms indicated a surface area of 85.45 m2/g. The basic groups attached to the external surface of Mg-doped spinel ferrite were discovered. The resulted superparamagnetic modified doped-nanoferrite particles showed antibacterial activity as well as antioxidant efficiency through studying Catalase (CAT), Glutathione (GSH), and Glutathione Peroxidase (GSH-Px) parameters. The outcomes highlight the promising potential of polyphenol-functionalized Mn0.9Mg0.1Fe2O4 magnetite nanosized particles for the development of novel anti-biofilm agents.

Efficient photocatalytic remediation of persistent organic pollutants using magnetically recoverable spinel manganese ferrite nanoparticles supported on activated carbon

Magnetically recoverable spinel manganese ferrite (MFO) nanoparticles (NPs) supported on activated carbon (AC) (MFC), a promising photocatalyst, were prepared by simple and cost-effective gel combustion. AC supports prevented particle agglomeration and functioned as electron acceptors to promote charge separation on MFO. MFC samples demonstrated significant surface area, paramagnetic characteristics, and visible-light absorption bandgap of 2.02 eV. Pentachlorophenol (PCP) photodegradation using MFC showed degradation efficiency of at least 90% after 150 minutes at pH 6.0 with the catalyst dose and PCP concentration of no more than 10 mg.L−1 and 9.0 ppm, respectively. MFC exhibited durability and recyclability with approximately 4% decrease in degradation efficiency after five reuses while maintaining its material structure. The crucial roles of photo-generated electrons and hydroxyl radicals related to dechlorination and hydroxylation during PCP photodegradation were also highlighted in active species investigations with appropriate scavengers. Subsequently, a plausible PCP photodegradation mechanism with intermediates was proposed.

Biocompatible gelatin-coated ferrite nanoparticles: A magnetic approach to advanced drug delivery

Nanotechnology has transformed drug delivery, offering opportunities to enhance treatment outcomes while minimizing adverse effects. This study focuses on gelatin-coated cobalt and manganese ferrite nanoparticles for potential drug delivery applications. The synthesis involved a co-precipitation method, and the nanoparticles were characterized using various techniques, including X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman spectroscopy, and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). Results revealed stable structures, distinct chemical features introduced by gelatin coating, and unique magnetic properties. The hemolysis assay demonstrated reduced hemolytic activity with gelatin coating, enhancing biocompatibility. Drug release studies indicated differential release profiles, with gelatin-coated cobalt ferrite exhibiting higher drug release compared to gelatin-coated manganese ferrite. The Higuchi model supported diffusion-controlled drug release for gelatin-coated cobalt ferrite. These findings suggest the potential of gelatin-coated ferrite nanoparticles for controlled and targeted drug delivery, highlighting their significance in advancing nanomedicine.

Green synthesis of manganese ferrite magnetic nanoparticle and its modification with metallic-organic frameworks for the tetracycline adsorption from aqueous solutions: A mathematical study of kinetics, isotherms, and thermodynamics

In the current investigation, MnFe2O4/ZIF-8 nanocomposite was generated as a magnetic nanoadsorber using the extract of Dracocephalum plant and characterized by XRD, FTIR, VSM, BET, FESEM, EDS-mapping, TEM, XPS, TPD-NH3, and TGA analyses. Also, to determine its efficiency in the adsorption process of tetracycline, the effect of pH (3-9), nanocomposite dose (0.025-2 g/L), initial pollutant concentration (5-100 mg/L), contact time (5-200 min), and temperature (5-50 °C) were studied. The results of the morphological properties of the magnetic nanocomposite confirmed the spherical shape of this nanoadsorber with an average size of 54±31 nm. BET analysis showed that modification of MnFe2O4 material with ZIF-8 as a new nanoadsorber leads to excellent modification of SBET (143.8 m2/g) and VTotal (0.44 cm3/g). The highest removal efficiency of tetracycline in optimal conditions (pH=7, contact time=120 min, nanocomposite dose=1.5 g/L, and temperature=20 °C for a tetracycline concentration of 20 mg/L) was 90.11%. As the temperature increased, the removal efficiency increased from 40.46% to 95.06% during 120 min, which indicates that the adsorption reaction is endothermic. In addition, the data obtained from the isotherms of Langmuir (R2=0.958), Freundlich (R2=0.534), and Temkin (R2=0.747) showed that the tetracycline adsorption is monolayer and on the homogeneous surface of the synthesized magnetic nanoadsorber. The elimination process of tetracycline by nanoadsorber followed the pseudo-second order model (R2=0.998). Investigating the effect of interfering ions also confirmed the decrease in the adsorption efficiency. Also, the investigation of the reusability of the synthesized magnetic nanoadsorber in tetracycline adsorption indicates that after eight cycles, the efficiency decreases by %16.51. According to the results, the magnetic nanocomposite synthesized in this work can be a suitable and economical adsorber for the removal of tetracycline from aqueous environments.

Microwave-assisted synthesis, characterization, and oxytetracycline antibiotic sorption performance of a novel magnetic nanohybrid material: MnFe2O4@black cumin solid waste-derived activated carbon

Using waste resources to synthesize functional materials without polluting the environment is important for sustainable life and development. In the present study, a novel magnetically separable activated carbon nanohybrid (MnFe2O4@BAC) was produced by using the microwave-assisted chemical co-precipitation method of industrially processed black cumin solid waste-derived activated carbon (BAC) and manganese ferrite nanoparticles (MnFe2O4). It was characterized by VSM, XRD, Raman, BET, SEM-EDX, FTIR, Boehm titration, and pHPZC analysis techniques. Spinel MnFe2O4 nanoparticles significantly affected the pore properties of BAC. MnFe2O4@BAC exhibited a saturation magnetization property of 14.6 emu/g. Also, the optimal sorption conditions of oxytetracycline (OTC), which was chosen as a model to test the antibiotic sorption ability from water, were decided according to the optimum influences of operational variables. The kinetic and isotherm results best described the pseudo-second-order and Langmuir models, respectively. The maximum OTC sorption ability of MnFe2O4@BAC was determined as 591.7 mg/g under specified optimal sorption conditions. Thermodynamic parameters were calculated to show that the sorption is spontaneous volitional and endothermic. The spent MnFe2O4@BAC was accumulated after sorption using an external magnetic field for subsequent reuse and showed excellent reusability stability.

Phthalocyanine conjugated manganese ferrite nanoparticles embedded in TiO2 fibers for photo-, sono- and photosono-catalytic degradation of Rhodamine 6G

In this work, zinc (4-carboxylic acid phenoxy)-tris-(3,5-dimethoxyphenoxy) phthalocyanine (Pc) - MnFe2O4 nanoparticles conjugate (Pc-MnFe2O4), embedded on TiO2 fibers (Pc-MnFe2O4-TiO2 fibers) was studied together with individual components for photo-, sono- and photosono-catalytic degradation of Rhodamine 6G. The fabrication of the Pc-MnFe2O4 conjugate and Pc-MnFe2O4-TiO2 fibers resulted in improved photo-, sono-, and photosono-catalytic properties compared to individual analogous. Rhodamine 6G degradation efficiencies for photo-, sono-, and photosono-catalytic processes were 64.5%, 71.5% and 89.8% using Pc-MnFe2O4-TiO2 fibers. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) results revealed that the photo-catalytic process was instigated by 1O2 only, whereas the sono and photosono-catalytic processes were instigated by both 1O2 and ●OH radicals. This study reveals the feasible prospect of Pc-MnFe2O4-TiO2 fibers to be used as photo-, sono-, and photosono catalysts for the degradation of Rhodamine 6G.

Engineered (NH2)-MIL-125(Ti)/copolymer@MnFe2O4 nanocomposite for synergistic eradication of cancer cells via DOX/pCRISPR delivery

The present study proposed an innovative nanocomposite aimed at enhancing gene and drug delivery for cancer treatment. The nanocomposite was composed of amine-functionalized metal–organic frameworks, (NH2)-MIL-125(Ti), conjugated to poly(aniline-co-para-phenylenediamine), and coated on manganese ferrite nanoparticles that were utilized to co-deliver the chemotherapy drug doxorubicin (DOX) and plasmid CRISPR (pCRISPR) to cancer cells. The investigation focused on whether surface modification with amine groups could improve cellular uptake and transfection efficiency. In addition, the study also utilized an engineered cell-imprinted substrate to mimic the cellular environment and enhance the delivery and expression of edited genes. The results demonstrated the proposed nanocarriers successfully co-delivered DOX and pCRISPR, indicating their potential for combination cancer therapy. Specific highlights include (1) reliable platform for multi-drug delivery based on the (NH2)-MIL-125(Ti)/poly(aniline-co-para-phenylenediamine)/MnFe2O4 nanocomposite structure; (2) hemocompatibility analysis revealed less than 1% hemolysis, pointing to biosafety; (3) amine surface modification enhanced cellular uptake up to 38.3% in A549 cells, improving transfection; (4) the cell-imprinted substrate enhanced therapeutic efficacy by promoting delivery and expression in a physiologically relevant microenvironment. Overall, this study makes significant contributions to gene delivery and expression for cancer therapy. The engineered nanocomposite, amine surface modification, and cell-mimetic substrate employ innovative strategies to augment the efficacy of combination gene and drug therapy against cancer.Graphical

Effect of lithium doping on frequency-dependent dielectric properties of manganese ferrite nanoparticles

Effect of lithium doping on frequency-dependent dielectric properties of manganese ferrite nanoparticles

Facile Synthesis and Characterization of Manganese Ferrite Nanoparticles for the Successful Removal of Safranine T Dye from Aqueous Solutions

Safranine T dye causes health problems such as skin and respiratory irritations. Hence, the safranine T dye was efficiently removed from aqueous media employing a simply synthesized manganese ferrite (MnFe2O4) nanoadsorbent. The synthesis of manganese ferrite nanoparticles was carried out by the pechini sol–gel approach using tartaric acid to serve as a chelating agent in addition to 1,2-propanediol to serve as a crosslinker. The TEM analysis showed that the shape of MnFe2O4 nanoparticles is semi-spherical, with an average particle size of 19.32 nm that coincides well with that measured from the XRD (18.89 nm). Further, the several factors that influenced the removal process of safranine T dye were examined, such as time, dye concentration, pH, and temperature. The ideal experimental conditions that achieved the highest safranine T dye removal percentage are pH 8, 80 min, and 298 K. The maximum adsorption capacity of MnFe2O4 nanoparticles towards safranine T dye equals 334.45 mg/g. The removal process of safranine T dye by manganese ferrite nanoparticles was chemical, exothermic, and well defined through the Langmuir equilibrium sorption isotherm in addition to the pseudo-second-order model. The synthesized manganese ferrite nanoparticles have the ability to be reused many times without losing their efficiency.

Antifungal Activity Enhancement of Cell-Free Streptomyces griseus Extract Obtained by Fermentation with Magnetic Manganese Ferrite Nanoparticles.

The present study aims to obtain manganese ferrite nanoparticles functionalized with chitosan (C-MNP) or ethylenediamine (E-MNP) by coprecipitation and polyol one-step methods, characterize their interaction with S. griseus demonstrating cell immobilization, and evaluate the antimicrobial activity of the free cell extracts obtained from immobilized S. griseus fermentation in the presence of different concentrations of MNP. The adsorption isotherms were analyzed mathematically using Langmuir and Freundlich models. The highest coefficient of determination (R2) for the S. griseus cell adsorption isotherm with C-MNP was observed with a linear function of the Langmuir model. The adsorption isotherm of S. griseus cells with E-MNP was better fitted to the Freundlich model. Cell immobilization by adsorption on magnetic nanoparticles was demonstrated in both cases. Different concentrations of C-MNP and E-MNP were used in fermentations to prepare cell-free extracts with antifungal activity. The best results were obtained with E-MNP, with a 91.5% inhibition of radial fungal growth. Magnetic nanoparticles offer potential applications in different fields and easy biomass separation.

Synthesis of COF-SO3H immobilized on manganese ferrite nanoparticles as an efficient nanocomposite in the preparation of spirooxindoles

The synthesis of sulfonamide-functionalized magnetic porous nanocomposites is highly significant in chemistry due to their exceptional properties and potential as catalysts. COFs are a new class of organic porous polymers and have significant advantages such as low density, high chemical and thermal stability, and mechanical strength. Therefore, we decided to synthesize COFs based on magnetic nanoparticles, by doing so, we can also prevent the agglomeration of MnFe2O4. MnFe2O4@COF–SO3H possesses a large specific surface area, supermagnetism, and is acidic, making it an optimal catalyst for organic reactions. This particular catalyst was effectively employed in the green and rapid synthesis of various spiro-pyrano chromenes, while several analytical techniques were utilized to analyze its structural integrity and functional groups. The role of a specific site of MnFe2O4@COF–SO3H was confirmed through different control experiments in a one-pot reaction mechanism. It was determined that MnFe2O4@COF–SO3H acts as a bifunctional acid–base catalyst in the one-pot preparation of spirooxindole derivatives. The formation of a spiro skeleton in the multicomponent reaction involved the construction of three new σ bonds (one C–O bond and two C–C bonds) within a single process. The efficiency of the MnFe2O4@COF–SO3H complex is investigated in the synthesis of spirooxindoles of malononitrile, and various isatins with 1,3‐dicarbonyles. The nanocatalyst demonstrated excellent catalytic activity that gave the corresponding coupling products good to excellent yields. Furthermore, the heterogeneous magnetic nanocatalyst used in this study demonstrated recoverability after five cycles with minimal loss of activity.

Inhibition of biofilm, quorum-sensing, and swarming motility in pathogenic bacteria by magnetite, manganese ferrite, and nickel ferrite nanoparticles.

Resistance to antibiotics by pathogenic bacteria constitutes a health burden and nanoparticles (NPs) are being developed as alternative and multipurpose antimicrobial substances. Magnetite (Fe3O4 np), manganese ferrite (MnFe2O4 np) and nickel ferrite (NiFe3O4 np) NPs were synthesized and characterized using thermogravimetric analysis, transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transformed infra-red, and X-ray diffraction. The minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) ranged from 0.625 to 10mg/mL against gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 and Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212), gram-negative (Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853) and candida (Candida albicans ATCC 10239 and Candida tropicalis ATCC 13803) species. The NPs exhibited violacein inhibition against Chromobacterium violaceum CV12472 of 100% at MIC and reduced to 27.2%±0.8% for magnetite NPs, 12.7%±0.3% for manganese ferrite NPs and 43.1%±0.2% for nickel ferrite NPs at MIC/4. Quorum-sensing (QS) inhibition zones against C. violaceum CV026 were 12.5±0.6mm for Fe3O4 np, 09.1±0.5mm for MnFe3O4 NP and 17.0±1.2mm for NiFe3O4 np. The NPs inhibited swarming motility against P. aeruginosa PA01 and biofilm against six pathogens and the gram-positive biofilms were more susceptible than the gram-negative ones. The NiFe2O4 np had highest antibiofilm activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria as well as highest QS inhibition while Fe3O4 NP had highest biofilm inhibition against candida species. The synthesized magnetic NPs can be used in developing anti-virulence drugs which reduce pathogenicity of bacteria as well as resistance.

Synthesis, characterization and antimicrobial activity of Manganese ferrite nanoparticles

Manganese Ferrite (MnFe2O4) nanoparticles were prepared by the Sol-gel auto-combustion method. The average crystallite size was found to be 21 nm. The prepared material's structural, morphological, and magnetic properties were investigated. The synthesized nanoparticles exhibited a saturation magnetization of 22.18 emu/g and coercivity of 122.74 Oe. Magnetic nanoparticles are highly regarded for biomedical applications. To study the biocompatibility, cytotoxicity and antimicrobial studies were carried out. The cytotoxicity assay was carried out against the Hep3B human liver cancer cell line and the antimicrobial properties of Manganese ferrite have been studied by the agar well diffusion method. Brunner-Emmett-Teller analysis (BET) shows that the synthesized nanoparticles possess a porosity of 0.1679 cm3/g and a diameter of 130.5 Å.

Multifunctional Nanoparticles with Superparamagnetic Mn(II) Ferrite and Luminescent Gold Nanoclusters for Multimodal Imaging.

Gold nanoclusters (AuNCs) with fluorescence in the Near Infrared (NIR) by both one- and two-photon electronic excitation were incorporated in mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) using a novel one-pot synthesis procedure where the condensation polymerization of alkoxysilane monomers in the presence of the AuNCs and a surfactant produced hybrid MSNs of 49 nm diameter. This method was further developed to prepare 30 nm diameter nanocomposite particles with simultaneous NIR fluorescence and superparamagnetic properties, with a core composed of superparamagnetic manganese (II) ferrite nanoparticles (MnFe2O4) coated with a thin silica layer, and a shell of mesoporous silica decorated with AuNCs. The nanocomposite particles feature NIR-photoluminescence with 0.6% quantum yield and large Stokes shift (290 nm), and superparamagnetic response at 300 K, with a saturation magnetization of 13.4 emu g-1. The conjugation of NIR photoluminescence and superparamagnetic properties in the biocompatible nanocomposite has high potential for application in multimodal bioimaging.

Synthesis of nanosized spinel ferrites MnFe2O4 on the surface of carbon nanotubes for the creation of polymer composites with enhanced microwave absorption capacity

Currently, the creation of new protective materials able to absorb the electromagnetic (EM) radiation is an important direction strongly linked to the use of high-tech electronics which leads to EM pollution in a wide range of high frequencies. The wide-band absorption and large bandwidth are two important factors affected the absorbing performance of materials. In this research, the development of polymer nanocomposites based on the multi-walled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) as a conductive component modified by manganese ferrite (MnFe2O4) nanoparticles as a magnetic component made it possible to increase the efficiency of absorption of EM waves in the frequency range 1–41 GHz as a result of good impedance matching characteristics in comparison with pure manganese ferrite. Finally, the absorption coefficient of EM waves in the frequency range of 5–20 GHz for MnFe2O4/0.065 vol.%CNT nanocomposites about 2.5–3 times higher than for MnFe2O4. The present work shows, that the introduction of MnFe2O4/CNT composites into the both amorphous (epoxy resin) and crystalline (polychlorotrifluoroethylene) polymer matrices makes it possible to manage microwave absorbing properties as well as a shift of the region of frequencies of maximum peak values of the absorption coefficient and reflection loss. The obtained relations prove that by the change of the amount of the modifying component (MnFe2O4) on the surface of carbon nanotubes, the content of the MnFe2O4/CNT nanocomposite in the polymer matrixes, and the thickness of the polymer composites it is possible to control the absorption coefficient and reflection loss of EM waves in the high frequency range. The MnFe2O4/0.044CNT–PCTFE and MnFe2O4/0.065CNT–epoxy resin composites exhibit higher bandwidth in relation to other reported composites or structures at the same thickness.

Influence of experimental parameters on the sorption behavior of Rare Earth Elements on manganese ferrite nanoparticles

Rare Earth Elements (REE) are nearly irreplaceable in many technologies, but their supply is limited by geopolitical factors. Additionally, their exploration and refinement bring serious environmental consequences. Therefore, alternative sourcing of these elements through methods such as sorption has recently been attempted. Nanoparticles are exceptional REE sorbents, however, difficulties in material separation post-sorption have fueled an interest in the use of magnetic nanoparticles, which can be easily separated from the solution by applying an external magnetic field. In this study, we explore the influence of sorbent dosage, pH and matrix complexity in the removal of trivalent cations of nine REE (Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Eu, Gd, Tb and Dy) using manganese ferrite nanoparticles (MnFe2O4); herein the abbreviation REE is employed to indicate such elements including the trivalent cations. The REE removal increased for higher sorbent dosages and pH. More than 90% of REE in mono-elemental solutions were removed from water at pH 6 and 8. Removal below 10% was observed for pH < 4, due to the positive surface charge of the sorbent, which did not favor interaction with cationic REE species. Increasing the complexity of the matrix, the removal of REE from water decreased considerably, which can be attributed to an increase of total REE concentration and the limited number of sorption sites in the sorbent. Further sorption inhibition was reported in increased ionic strength scenarios (mineral and saline water), possibly due to competition with Na+, which may limit the application of this material in complex matrices.

Transformation in structural phase on annealing and its impact on optical and dielectric properties of manganese ferrite nanoparticles

Transformation in structural phase on annealing and its impact on optical and dielectric properties of manganese ferrite nanoparticles

Improved supercapacitor application of manganese ferrite nanoparticles via co-precipitation technique

The novel co-precipitation technique has been employed to create the manganese ferrite nanoparticle. The prepared sample was annealed for various temperatures 400 °C, 600 °C and 700 °C. Based on TG/DT analysis the optimal temperature was found to be 700 °C and further additional analysis was performed for the sample annealed at 700 °C. Their morphology and properties were determined using SEM, HR-TEM, EDX, FTIR, XPS, BET, and CV techniques. Using the X-ray diffraction technique, the prepared sample's structural characteristics were demonstrated. The SEM as well as HR-TEM images showed the nanoparticles had a roughly spherical shape. The EDX analysis confirmed the presence of the elements Fe, O, and Mn in the sample; there was no evidence of contamination by other elements. The specific surface area of the nanoparticles was estimated by BET analysis, which provides details of the material's porosity and surface area. The binding energy of the sample was estimated using XPS measurements, which provide details on the composition and chemical states of the individual elements. By using cyclic voltammetry, the nanoparticles' electrochemical characteristics were evaluated. For a reduced scan rate of 2 mVs−1, the specific capacitance value was discovered to be 341 Fg-1, confirming their suitability for super capacitor applications.

Chitosan/Alginate Nanogels Containing Multicore Magnetic Nanoparticles for Delivery of Doxorubicin.

In this study, multicore-like iron oxide (Fe3O4) and manganese ferrite (MnFe2O4) nanoparticles were synthesized and combined with nanogels based on chitosan and alginate to obtain a multimodal drug delivery system. The nanoparticles exhibited crystalline structures and displayed sizes of 20 ± 3 nm (Fe3O4) and 11 ± 2 nm (MnFe2O4). The Fe3O4 nanoparticles showed a higher saturation magnetization and heating efficiency compared with the MnFe2O4 nanoparticles. Functionalization with citrate and bovine serum albumin was found to improve the stability and modified surface properties. The nanoparticles were encapsulated in nanogels, and provided high drug encapsulation efficiencies (~70%) using doxorubicin as a model drug. The nanogels exhibited sustained drug release, with enhanced release under near-infrared (NIR) laser irradiation and acidic pH. The nanogels containing BSA-functionalized nanoparticles displayed improved sustained drug release at physiological pH, and the release kinetics followed a diffusion-controlled mechanism. These results demonstrate the potential of synthesized nanoparticles and nanogels for controlled drug delivery, offering opportunities for targeted and on-demand release in biomedical applications.