Managerial Attitudes Research Articles

Attitudes of managers of the high-tech enterprises in Poland

Attitudes of managers of the high-tech enterprises in Poland

Znanje i stavovi rukovodilaca o primeni standardizovanih sistemima menadžmenta u Republičkom fondu za zdravstveno osiguranje

Introduction/Aim: The introduction and implementation of standardized management systems in the Republic Health Insurance Fund (RHIF) has become a necessity for the sake of internal stability, as well as the stability of the health system of the Republic of Serbia (RS). The aim of this cross-sectional study was to examine the knowledge and attitudes of managers of RHIF RS about standardized management systems and the importance of their implementation in RHIF, as well as to give appropriate recommendations. Methods: As part of this cross-sectional study, during May 2017, data was collected using a questionnaire from 157 managers of RHIF RS, because they had a direct insight into the implementation of ISO 9001 - quality management system and ISO 27001 - information security management system, for which RHIF is certified. Results: Of all the standardized management systems that were introduced in RHIF RS, the majority of managers were familiar with ISO 9001 (99.4%) and ISO 27001, while they were least familiar with ISO 30400 - human resources management system (6.4%), ISO 30001 - risk management system (5.7%), ISO 45001 - occupational health and safety (5.1%) and ISO 14001 - environmental management system (4.5%). The most important positive experiences regarding the implementation of ISO standardized management system were the following: better work organization (93.6%), increased satisfaction of employees (89.8%), improved work of branch offices (78.8%), and uniformity of work (72.0%), while the negative included: more extensive administration (26.8%) and resistance to changes (24.8%). The personal positive experiences related to the introduction of ISO standardized management systems included satisfaction with the improvement of business (84.1%) and increased responsibility (42.7%), while the negative ones were resistance to changes (31.2%) and a long period of introduction (23.6%). Conclusion: The continuous improvement of RHIF business process leads to the better quality of the healthcare system in RS and a better general health condition of society.

Determination of the Managerial Attitudes of the Surgical Team in the Operating Room and Their Effect on Job Satisfaction

Determination of the Managerial Attitudes of the Surgical Team in the Operating Room and Their Effect on Job Satisfaction

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ENGAGEMENT AND BURNOUT AMONG STUDENT IN UNIVERSITI MALAYSIA SABAH (UMS)

This study investigated the relationship between engagement and burnout of students at Universiti Malaysia Sabah (UMS). This study found that there is indeed a significant negative correlation between engagement and burnout. Among them, the assumption of engagement, vigor and engagement is not accepted, and the relationship between them is not very significant. But the relationship between dedication and absorption, these two factors and engagement is very significant. They have a huge impact on engagement. For burnout, the study found that exhaustion, cynicism and effectiveness are closely related to burnout, and these three factors will have a significant impact on burnout. Finally, this study shows that in order to improve the learning attitude of UMS students, UMS managers and lecturers should find ways to mobilize students' dedication and absorption to improve students' engagement and reduce burnout, and find ways to control students' exhaustion, cynicism and Efficacy to build a positive learning atmosphere.

Expanding the Theoretical Landscape of Organizational Socialization Research

Our essay challenges an understanding of organizational socialization as a process whereby newcomers adapt to objectified organizational entities. To this end, we explore potential theoretical contributions of organizational institutionalism and related discourses on institutional logics, organizational hybridity, and organizational imprints. All of these perspectives support a concept of organizations as ‘moving targets’ in their relationship to dynamic environments. Accordingly, individuals such as newcomers can be positioned as active agents who engage in complex sense-making processes. However, institutionalism also has its shortcomings, as a deeper analysis of a seminal paper on organizational socialization in hybrid organizations reveals. We observe an ongoing commitment to an evolutionary adaptation paradigm, a paternalistic managerial attitude, and the denial of hegemonial market logics in organizations. In conclusion, we propose additional perspectives beyond institutionalism, which can further expand the theoretical landscape of organizational socialization research through independent and critical studies.

Study of the impact of managers' attitudes towards creativity

Contemporary entities need professionals with the ability to act independently, effectively and efficiently, through creative activities. This professionalism in the context of organization requires not only perfection in performing activities but also having the appropriate predispositions. The scientific aim of this article is to explain and extend the conceptualization in the field of creative activities performed by employees, and the relationships that occur with the relevant characteristics determining the development of creative activities. In this article, the research on cognitive, theoretical-methodological, and empirical issues in the development of managers in the field of creative activities in organizations was reviewed. The analysis of the literature allowed us to establish the research framework and indicate which attitudes of managers are important and may be related to creative activities. The results of the research showed the existence of significant relationships between the selected attitudes that determine appropriate attitudes toward creativity and the performance of creative activities. Keywords: Creativity, creative activities, employees;

Occupational Well-Being of Multidisciplinary PHC Teams: Barriers/Facilitators and Negotiations to Improve Working Conditions

Well-being at work is one of the factors determining healthy work conditions and is perceived by workers as a positive psychological state. In this study, the concept of well-being at work was used together with occupational functionality (i.e., current health state, current work environment, and barriers/facilitators to implementing well-being at work), occupational risk perception, and proactivity/negotiations held by workers to improve working conditions. In this context, the objectives were to identify the socio-demographic and occupational characteristics independently associated with levels of well-being at work of the multidisciplinary PHC health team; detect barriers or facilitators resulting from the attitudes of colleagues, community members, and managers that influence the well-being at work of the multidisciplinary health team; and identify with whom and what reasons led health workers to become proactive and negotiate improved working conditions. This cross-sectional study addressed 338 health workers from the multidisciplinary teams of PHC outpatient services in the extreme south of Brazil. Multivariate linear regression models were adopted to analyze data. The results show various independent associations with levels of well-being at work. Nursing workers (technicians and nurses) more frequently expressed job commitment and job satisfaction. Difficulties in solving problems and performing work routines, and co-workers' attitudes directly influence the well-being of the PHC team members. Risk perception (physical and chemical) also influences well-being. Negotiations in which PHC managers engaged to improve working conditions appeared as a significant predictor of job commitment, job satisfaction, and job involvement. The results reveal that well-being at work is an important indicator of the potential of workers' proactivity in negotiating improved working conditions.

Effect of organizational commitment on the relationship between communication quality and managerial attitudes

The effects of perceived downward and upward communication quality on employee job satisfaction and turnover Intentions was examined among a sample of 101 middle man agers. Hierarchical regression and sub-grouping analyses showed that organizational commitment moder ated both these effects, but that the latter were unaffected by the direc tion of communication, whether it was downward or upward. The re suits confirm the Importance of communication quality in organizations, but make clear that its effects on valued outcomes like job satis faction and intentions to remain In the organization vary, being much stronger among employees attached to the particular organization. Impli cations of the findings for improving communications are developed, and Ideas for further research suggested

Rule of Law in Higher Education and University Institutions in Democratic Republic of the Congo: The Law of the Strongest or the Force of the Law (Case of the University of Gbado-Lite, North Ubangi Province)

The crisis in which the Higher Education and University Sector is mired threatens the future of the nation; it is therefore necessary to put things in order. In a context where ignorance and non-respect of academic, regulatory and legal norms are manifest, where the attitude of managers in the conduct of academic affairs is subject to doubts and sometimes challenges, even questioning their profile as managers, The Vade Mecum as a reference document or guide for managers of higher education and university establishments (both public and private) is timely in indicating to the managers of establishments the line of conduct to follow in order to respect and ensure respect for the various texts and laws conceived, elaborated and published within the framework of higher education and university in the Democratic Republic of Congo. This study on the rule of law in the Higher Education and University Establishments in DR Congo is therefore an analysis of the realities observed in the administrative management of the scientific, administrative, technical and working personnel recruited, appointed and assigned in these Establishments who, it is believed, only have duties to fulfill while they also have rights to preserve and to assert. The case under examination is that of an Assistant of the University of Gbado-Lite (UNIGBA), recruited and appointed regularly by a decision of the Rector whose dismissal by the Head of School has seriously violated the legal and regulatory provisions on disciplinary procedure; the latter having introduced a hierarchical appeal, was rehabilitated in his functions and in his rights without other forms of trial.

Of teachers; Investigation of the Relationship Between Perceptions of School Principals on Chaotic Leadership Roles and Perceptions of Organizational Happiness

Bu araştırmada öğretmenlerin; okul müdürlerinin kaotik liderlik rollerine ilişkinalgıları ile örgütsel mutluluk algıları düzeylerinin belirlenerek bu iki kavramarasındaki ilişkinin ortaya çıkarılması amaçlanmıştır. Araştırma nicel araştırmadesenlerinden ilişkisel tarama modeli ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmanın evreni2021-2022 eğitim öğretim yılında Sakarya ilinde devlet okullarında görevli toplam5088 öğretmen oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmanın örneklemi ise evrenden tabakalıörneklem yöntemi ile seçilmiş 59 okulda görev yapan 404 öğretmen oluşturmaktadır.Araştırmada veri toplamak üzere kaotik liderlik ve örgütsel mutluluk ölçekleri ilearaştırmacı tarafından geliştirilen kişisel bilgi formu kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analiziSPSS 26.0 programı aracılığı ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Verilerin analizinde t-Testi,ANOVA ve Tukey testi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada katılımcı olarak yer alanöğretmenlerin, okul yöneticilerinin kaotik liderlik rollerine ilişkin algıları ‘’ÇokKatılıyorum’’ düzeyinde olduğu; öğretmenlerin örgütsel mutluluk algıları ölçeğingenelinde ve Öğretmenlik Mesleği, Yönetici Tutum ve Davranışları, Meslektaşİlişkileri, Çalışma Koşulları ve Sınıf Yönetimi alt boyutlarında ‘’Orta DüzeydeKatılıyorum’’; Pozitif Kişilik alt boyutunda ise ‘’Az Katılıyorum’’ düzeyinde olduğu;kaotik liderlik ile örgütsel mutluluk arasında istatistiksel açıdan pozitif yönde anlamlıve yüksek düzeyde ilişki olduğu bulgulanmıştır

Adoption of renewable energy innovations among hoteliers in Portugal

This article examines the owners' and/or managers' perceptions and attitudes towards the adoption of renewable energy innovations in hotels in Portugal, as well as the factors that affect the adoption. The study is based on an e-mail-based survey conducted with hoteliers in 2022 (n = 208). First, the results demonstrate that despite the respondents' positive perceptions of renewable energy, the adoption level of renewable energy innovations in hotels is low. Second, the reasons given for this gap relate mainly to unfavourable market factors. Third, market factors have a statistically significant influence on adoption. In contrast, the characteristics of the hotels and hoteliers, their opinion about the need to cut the carbon footprint of tourist accommodations and the type of hotel ownership have no significant influence.

Earnings Management Cosmetics and Tricks: An Exploratory Study

This study aims to explore some new causes, motivational factors behind manipulation of earnings management and its controlling measures through qualitative research methods in Pakistani context. Traditionally, many studies have been carried out in this field by using quantitative version. To break the saturation and to explore and identify more versions related to earnings management, qualitative approach has been followed in this study. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews from auditors, credit analysts, investors and academicians of accounting and analyzed using NVivo 10, software. Many quantitative studies have been conducted regarding the causes of earnings management; however, this novel study provides in-depth motivation behind earnings management, responsible entities for such manipulations and remedial actions in practical life by conducting interviews with most relevant bodies dealing with accounting statements. This study, in addition to traditional factors, has singled out the role of government and auditors, the attitude of managers and owners as the new entities responsible for earnings management. Reporting quality can be improved by having proper check and balance from government level, from the Security and Exchange Commission of Pakistan (SECP) and from auditors. Government and SECP can check whether the rules and regulations set for the companies are being implemented properly, and auditors can check whether companies are presenting their true picture to the outsiders. Additionally, the involvement of managers on the board should be reduced. Small sample size, time consuming semi-structured interviews, limited number of interviewees’ groups, non-availability of the experienced respondents and financial constraints in a qualitative study are a few leading limitations. The limitations may include the extent of the researchers’ bias, lack of comfort level for some respondents with the audio recording, but the authors have tried to maintain these limitations at the minimum possible level. Empirical studies can be conducted to scientifically investigate the extent of the relationship between these new entities and earnings management with more recommendations for stakeholders in the corporate sector in Pakistan and the economies with similar characteristics.

Managing Minds at Work: development of a digital line manager training programme

Abstract Background Mental ill health is the leading cause of sickness absence with high economic burden. Workplace interventions aimed at supporting employers with prevention of mental ill-health in the workforce are urgently required. Managing Minds at Work (MMW) is a digital intervention targeting support for line managers in any work setting to promote better mental health at work through a preventative approach. Objectives To describe the design and development of the MMW digital training programme, prior to feasibility testing. We adopted a collaborative participatory design involving co-design (users as partners) and principles of user-centred design (pilot and usability testing). Agile methodology was used to co-create intervention content with a stakeholder community of practice. Development processes were mapped to core elements of the Medical Research Council (MRC) framework for developing and evaluating complex interventions. Results The program covers five broad areas: (i) promoting self-care techniques among line managers; (ii) designing work to prevent work-related stress; (iii) management competencies to prevent and reduce stress; (iv) having conversations with employees about mental health; (v) building a psychologically safe work environment. Pilot and usability testing (n = 37 surveys) aligned with the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) demonstrated that MMW was perceived to be useful, relevant, and easy to use by managers across sectors, organization types and sizes. We identified positive impacts on manager attitudes and behavioural intentions related to preventing mental ill-health and promoting good mental well-being at work. Conclusions MMW is a digital training programme for line managers that has been co-created using rigorous development processes and aims to support employers with primary prevention in mental health. The next step is to explore the feasibility and acceptability of this intervention with line managers in diverse employment settings. Key messages

Management Attitude Shaping Cultural Sustainability in a Taxi Company—An Israeli Case Study

This research examined human interaction in a taxi driving company, analyzing the cultural influence of the management’s social definition of its employees. In addition, this case study examined the relevance of “activity theory” through the perspective of the “iceberg model”. Based on this model, the researcher explored the overt and practical layers of the organizational culture of the company as well as its hidden layers. The ethnographic research developed along qualitative lines: 28 interviews and 10 direct observations in the organizational setting. The research questions were: ‘How did the owners’ attitude shape the culture of their taxi company and how did their behavior influence cultural sustainability?’ The findings portrayed a culture of conflict, driven by the owners’ motivation to become rich quickly. The overt layers of the organizational culture included domineering managerial behavior, exploiting the drivers’ inferior status, creating a high level of stress, and openly humiliating them. The drivers were deeply dissatisfied, which led to high rates of turnover. Moreover, analyzing the social interactions in the firm uncovered the hidden agenda of the owners (i.e., the covert layers), which was to amass a fortune in a short time at the expense of their workers. The analysis highlighted the damage this capitalist managerial attitude caused to the organizational sustainability of the company. The managerial behavior caused high driver turnover, which led to a constant shortage of drivers and instability in the company. By focusing on one taxi driving company in northern Israel, this research enriches the literature in the fields of social interaction, activity theory, organizational culture, and sustainability. This paper presents insights that stem from “activity theory”, according to which managers can interact with their employees, overcoming mistrust and conflict, in order to enhance organizational sustainability.

Managers’ attitudes toward employees with depression and organizational citizenship behaviors in the hospitality industry: assessing the mediating role of personality

PurposeThis study aims to examine the individual and contextual predictors of managerial attitudes toward employees with chronic depression (EwCD) in the hospitality and tourism field, the relationship between managerial attitudes toward EwCD and levels of organizational citizenship behavior, and the mediating role of personality in this relationship.Design/methodology/approachEmpirical data were collected through an online survey of 305 managers working in the hospitality and tourism industry in the USA. SmartPLS 3 software was used to conduct a partial least squares-structural equation modeling analysis.FindingsOrganizational and individual characteristics of managers, such as pressure to be productive in the workplace, previous experience with depression, levels of anxiety and personality characteristics, are strong predictors of attitudes toward employees with depression. Personality mediates the effect of managers’ attitudes toward organizational citizenship behavior.Practical implicationsThe study provided support that managers who have experienced depression are more understanding of the needs of EwCD and, consequently, can reduce related stigma in the workplace. Likewise, open and agreeable managers who do not feel the constant pressure to showcase high performance and who score low on anxiety and high on organizational citizenship behavior can create a safe working environment free from prejudice and discrimination toward EwCD.Originality/valueExamining depression in the hospitality and tourism industry becomes even more critical as mental health issues are increasing in the workplace. This research contributes to the hospitality and tourism literature, which seldom investigates managerial perspectives of mental illness and sheds light on the desirable managerial personality traits necessary for creating an inclusive workplace.

Harnessing practitioner knowledge to inform the conservation of a protected species, the hazel dormouse Muscardinus avellanarius

Abstract Conservation decisions are typically constrained by the availability of published evidence. Practitioners and non‐academic experts often possess additional knowledge, including about the practical plausibility of conservation actions, which may lead to more effective planning and outcomes. However, practitioner knowledge is rarely considered during formal evidence syntheses. Alongside a formal literature review, we conducted 26 interviews involving 38 conservation professionals to elicit their knowledge of the conservation of a protected and declining species in England, the hazel dormouse Muscardinus avellanarius. Practitioners and non‐academic experts provided additional insights about dormouse ecology and conservation, beyond those synthesized from the published literature, though we found few contradictions between these different information sources. Instead, practitioner knowledge helped to verify, clarify and expand upon evidence from empirical studies. In general, practitioners emphasized that dormice are far more adaptable than traditionally perceived, with thriving populations found in hedgerows, scrub, road verges and railway verges, rather than solely within broadleaf woodlands. Proposed opportunities for restoring dormouse populations included improving hedgerow management, creating new woodlands, bringing existing woodlands back into management, setting aside unproductive land and improving habitat connectivity. However, participants emphasized the need for landscape‐scale approaches, accounting for the impacts of climate change, and better surveying and monitoring. Key practical considerations included overcoming time and financial constraints, providing better advice, knowledge and training, changing attitudes of land owners and managers and balancing other demands such as agricultural productivity and the requirements of other species. Despite the insights they provided, participants highlighted many remaining knowledge gaps. These included uncertainties arising from the published literature, as well as scarcely studied topics that are of major practical importance, namely the effectiveness of dormouse mitigation measures in planning and development, and the impacts of anthropogenic disturbance and pollution on dormice. Our findings improve the evidence base for restoring hazel dormouse populations and for further empirical evidence gathering. More generally, the study highlights how practitioner knowledge can help both to supplement traditional published evidence and to better frame conservation programmes, which may lead to more successful outcomes.

The impacts of LGBT inclusion on business processes: The case of Bulgaria

This study surveyed 178 managers and employees of public and private organisations in Bulgaria to evaluate their perceptions towards the effects of LGBT inclusion on the business processes in their organisations, namely, human resource management, operations management and marketing. Non-parametric tests, factor and regression analyses were used to evaluate the role of various demographic and company characteristics on managers’ perceptions. The general attitudes of managers towards the LGBT community are positive. Managers seem to embrace the inclusion of LGBT employees in the workplace, but they are still ignorant of the potential of LGBT consumers and are reluctant to target this niche market.

The reasons that prevent teachers' professional competencies from turning into performance

The purpose of this research is to examine the reasons that prevent teachers' professional competencies from turning into performance, according to teachers' views. The research was designed in the phenomenology pattern, which is one of the qualitative research designs. The study group of the research consists of 14 teachers working in public schools in Odunpazarı district of Eskişehir province. A semi-structured interview form was used as a data collection tool in the research. Research data were obtained from interviews with teachers. Content analysis technique, which is one of the qualitative data analysis techniques, was used in the analysis of the data. In the research, 7 sub-themes emerged under the theme of obstacles in the transformation of teachers' professional competence into performance. These sub-themes are working conditions, managerial attitudes, legal regulations, personal reasons, student-related reasons, parents-related reasons, and economic reasons. In the research, 7 sub-themes emerged from the opinions of the teachers under the theme of what needs to be done to turn professional competence into performance. These sub-themes are; improving working conditions, things to be done by school administrators, things to be done about lessons, applicable policies and legal regulations, things to be done for students, things to be done by parents, and improving personal and economic rights. When the findings obtained as a result of the research were evaluated, it was seen that multiple factors prevented teachers' professional competencies from turning into performance. In particular, the fact that non-teaching reasons are more than teacher-related reasons shows that non-teaching factors play an important role in teacher performance.

Motivations behind the forest managers’ decision making about mixed forests in the Czech Republic

The practice of planting even-aged spruce monoculture has long tradition in the Czech Republic. Although these stands are due to climate change expected to suffer from increasing severity and frequency of extreme weather events, their conversion has been too slow. Hence, to suggest policies that will effectively support the conversion from spruce monocultures to the recommended mixed stands, the drivers behind forest managers decision making must be understood.In this study we aim to reveal the attitudes of Czech forest managers towards even-aged spruce monocultures and mixed stands and understand the drivers behind their decision making in terms of developing mixed forests. To this end, a questionnaire survey among 52 Czech forest managers was conducted; the enterprises employing the respondents were in charge of 29% of forest land in the Czech Republic. The results showed that forest managers are well-informed about alternative mixed stands and ameliorative and soil-improving species, which they consider not only ecologically advantageous but also economically acceptable. We revealed that the decision making of forest managers is affected by a combination of multiple factors: (a) long-term experience with spruce profitability, particularly the ability to provide not only long-term income but also short term yield; (b) steady high spruce-timber tradability; (c) a steady business-as-usual mindset of forest managers; and (d) missing effective measures for preventing damage by wild ungulates.

Infection Control-Based Construction of a Fever Outpatient Routine Management Model.

Purpose Outbreaks caused by infectious diseases are now serious public health events. At present, most hospitals have a high number of fever clinic attendances. In order to improve the efficiency of fever clinic screening, timely detection and control of infection sources, early detection, early isolation, and early treatment, our hospital explored the construction and effect of our fever clinic management model during the response period by constructing a fever clinic regular management model based on the principles of infection control. Methods 1300 cases (September 2021 to February 2022) with or without epidemiological history were divided into the control group (without epidemiological history) and the observation group (with epidemiological history) and patients were given differentiated management. A model of permanent management of a fever clinic during the epidemic was set up and evaluated by implementing the person responsible for epidemic positions, optimizing tertiary care, and strengthening nosocomial infection protection for health care workers. Results The results showed that patients in the observation group had a lower age of onset, a longer consultation time, and a higher proportion of patients with fever, which was different from the control group (P < 0.05). Compared with the control group, the proportion of routine blood tests, the proportion of four respiratory virus tests, and the per capita cost were higher in the observation group, and the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). There were no missed diagnoses, underreporting, cross-infections, or nosocomial infections in either group, and there were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of patients' evaluation of management quality and satisfaction with management (P > 0.05). The skill level, management attitude, and standardized operation of outpatient clinic managers improved after the construction of a fever clinic standing management model based on infection control, and the recognition of patients was higher in the observation group (P < 0.05). Conclusion The construction of a fever outpatient routine management model based on the principle of infection control is conducive to the standardized implementation of the management and treatment of health care workers, early detection of the source of transmission to cut off the transmission route, avoiding cross-infection and nosocomial infection, and ensuring the safety of patients and health care workers.