Management Positions Research Articles

Analisis Kesetaraan Gender di Pedesaan (Studi Kasus Petani Tanaman Hias di Kampung Wisata Sewu Kembang)

<p><em>The principle of sustainable management of natural resources is equality. Equality comes not only from the roles of different interest groups but also from gender equality. This research aims to analyze the impact of developing tourist villages on gender equality. The basic method in this research is qualitative, using a case study approach. The gender analysis model used in this research is the Gender Analysis Matrix (GAM). The research location was selected purposively, and informants were selected using purposive sampling and snowball sampling. Research data was obtained by interviews, observation and documentation. Data analysis was carried out by means of data reduction, data presentation, data interpretation, and conclusions drawing. The validity of the data used is triangulation of sources and techniques. The results of this research show that men and women have their respective roles in the aspects of labor, time, resources and social culture. The development of tourism villages has not achieved gender equality because women’s positions are still weak in community institutions. There is a need for public awareness to improve institutions, so that men and women obtain equal positions in deliberations and management of the institution itself.</em></p>

Indigenous workplace policies: the crucial role of Indigenous management

Indigenous employment is a critical policy area in Australia, with businesses adopting targeted workplace and recruitment practices to increase their levels of Indigenous employment. However, non-Indigenous-owned Australian businesses are still struggling to meet their Indigenous employment targets, and the national gap between Indigenous and non-Indigenous employment rates remains wide. Despite the increased popularity of Indigenous-specific workplace and recruitment policies, there is a lack of research that aims to determine their associations with Indigenous employment. This paper addresses this gap by surveying 680 non-Indigenous-owned Australian businesses, detailing the uptake of various Indigenous-focused workplace and recruitment practices and their associations with Indigenous employment. The study finds that there is limited uptake of policies and practices such as Reconciliation Action Plans, cultural competency training, and Indigenous employment strategies, and some scepticism from respondents about their efficacy. OLS and negative binomial estimations could not demonstrate consistent associations between the implementation of these policies and Indigenous employment. However, the paper finds a significant association between the presence of Indigenous people in management positions within non-Indigenous-owned businesses and higher rates of Indigenous employment. This finding is consistent with previous research, which suggests that Indigenous-led approaches lead to improved Indigenous employment outcomes.

Impatiently Waiting: Women Managers, Professionalism, Psychological Costs, and the Reduction of ER Wait Times

Administrative burden has emerged as a key theoretical framework for understanding onerous, burdensome, and slow citizen-state interactions. While most work to-date focuses on how the political process generates burdens, how citizens experience burdens, and how burdens affect street-level bureaucrats, this manuscript focuses on the understudied link between management and administrative burden. This link is essential to understanding administrative burden because burdens are often reflected in bureaucratic logics, standard operating procedures, and other administrative tools—all facets of an organization which management possesses some power over. This manuscript develops an argument which links the literature on gendered management, representative bureaucracy, and sex-based selection with reduction in wait times (a dimension ripe with psychological costs) since women in management positions tend to be more relational, transformational, and process-oriented than men, all behavioral characteristics which may link onto administrative burdens in predictable ways. An empirical test linking women managers to a reduction of wait times in Florida emergency departments reveals that hospitals managed by women observe lower wait times, on average, across four out of six interrelated processes. Supplemental analyses examine the link between professionalism and gender and find that women with a health background are effective in reducing some of the most complex dimensions of waiting.

Exploring Front-of-House and Back-of-House Manager Perceptions, Attitudes, and Motivations of Restaurant Food Waste Mitigation: A Qualitative Study

This qualitative study explored and compared the perceptions, attitudes, and motivations towards restaurant food waste mitigation among front-of-house (FOH) and back-of-house (BOH) restaurant managers. Semi-structured, one-on-one interviews were conducted with FOH (n = 6) and BOH (n = 7) managers at restaurants in the southeast of the United States. The findings indicated that the participants were highly aware of restaurant food waste and its contribution to food waste; furthermore, they displayed negative sentiments towards it. Additionally, most participants’ awareness was heightened upon acquiring foodservice management positions. Cost reduction was found to be the primary motivation to reduce food waste among most participants; however, most BOH participants were highly motivated by an appreciation for and involvement with the food itself. Guided by the Upper Echelons Theory, the findings provide insight into the underlying cognitive base and values behind restaurant managers’ perceptions, attitudes, and motivations towards restaurant food waste mitigation. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed in detail.

Are there Gender Differences between Skills and Job Performance in Public Management Positions?

Are there Gender Differences between Skills and Job Performance in Public Management Positions?

Do Directors’ Network Positions Affect Corporate Fraud?

Corporate fraud poses a significant obstacle for sustainable business development. Drawing on social network analysis, this paper used data originated from Chinese-listed companies from 2009 to 2022 and found that directors’ network position significantly mitigates corporate fraud. Mechanism tests indicated that the quality of external auditors and internal control play a mediating role in this relationship. Further analysis showed that the network positions of independent directors, non-independent directors, and female directors individually inhibit the inclination of corporate fraud when considering various types of directors. Of note, the busy director hypothesis was not applicable in explaining the impact of directors’ network position on corporate fraud. This study provides a new approach to improving the sustainability of enterprises in newly emerging markets via the analysis of director networks. It is also beneficial to the research on director networks and corporate fraud in companies, offering insights for corporate governance and fraud prevention in companies and regulatory agencies.

Inclusion in Ukrainian universities from an inside perspective

This study investigates the state of inclusivity in Ukrainian universities, focusing on the perceptions of university staff amid the country's ongoing sociopolitical transformations. Here we report on the perceptions of 820 staff members from various professional roles, including academic, management, and support positions, this research explored inclusivity through diverse lenses, encompassing work experience, interactions with students with disabilities, and self-identification with vulnerable groups. Most respondents assessed a moderate to high level of inclusivity, indicating a positive overall outlook on inclusive practices within these institutions. Notably, perceptions of inclusivity vary slightly across different professional roles, with academic staff expressing a marginally lower level of perceived inclusivity than their counterparts. However, these variations are not statistically significant, suggesting a uniform perception across staff categories. Furthermore, the study revealed that personal experience in working with students with disabilities does not substantially alter staff perceptions of inclusivity. Similarly, self-identification with vulnerable groups only marginally influences these perceptions. This suggests that while individual experiences and identities are factors in inclusivity perceptions, their impact is not profoundly different. This research contributes to understanding inclusivity in higher education, particularly within environments undergoing significant social and political changes.

Decision Support System For Manager Placement In The Plantation Industry Using Topsis Method

Accuracy in placing employees determines the performance of a company. Likewise done by PT XYZ in determining the placement of managers in the plantation industry by using a decision support system. This is done in order to minimize the level of subjectivity of the manager placement determination system at PT XYZ. This research aims to provide alternative preference values to prospective employees who will occupy manager positions in the plantation industry. The method used in the placement of managers with a decision support system is the technique for Order Preference by Similarity to the Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) method. The criteria used in this method are 7 criteria taken based on the criteria for BUMN talent management according to the Regulation of the Minister of BUMN Number PER-3 / MBU / 03/2023, these criteria are Professional Work Period, Variety of Work Experience, Managerial Competence, Technical Competence, Educational Strata, Performance Assessment Results, Level of Punishment that has been received. The results of this study are from the results of the calculation analysis through the TOPSIS method on 7 alternatives, then there is name number 5 managed to get the best score of 0.80 and was determined as a preference to be placed in class A garden.

Assessment of professional empowerment among midwives in selected LAC: A multisite descriptive study

Objectiveto identify the perception of professional empowerment among midwives in selected Latin American countries (LA). Specifically, this study aimed to compare i) the global level of empowerment among midwives in different LA countries, ii) the scores according to the different dimensions of the scale, and iii) scores according to area the of expertise. DesignA quantitative, observational, analytical, cross-sectional and multisite study using an adaptation of the Perceptions Midwifery Empowerment Scale (PEMS). SettingsClinical, educational and managerial midwifery positions in 5 LA countries belonging to a Latin American Research Network in Midwifery. All the participating countries reported a similar profile regarding type of education, association and regulation procedures. ParticipantsA total of 1127 responses from midwives with different professional backgrounds were included in the study. FindingsA total mean score of 73.28 (74.23–72.03) points was reported. Chile reported the lowest score of empowerment compared to the other countries, while Argentina reported the highest. Midwives' perceptions of empowerment within their area of expertise, primary health care (PHC) was the area of reference, and gynaecology reported a significantly lower score. Midwives working in management were significantly more empowered compared with those in other areas. Midwives who had continuous education and postgraduate studies were the most empowered. Regarding the provision of woman-centred Care, Chile and El Salvador differed significantly from Argentina (reference), while Uruguay reported a significantly higher score in this dimension. Midwives working in hospital wards reported significantly lower scores compared to those working in PHC. Key conclusions and implications for practiceThis study suggests that midwifery programmes in the LA countries would benefit from prioritising professional empowerment, especially in the areas of hospital practice, where midwives' perceptions of empowerment were most limited.

Expressions of a backlash: Challenging the story of success in Norwegian cinema of the 1980s and 1990s

Abstract In this article, we ask if there was a backlash against film feminism in Norway in the 1980s. In Norwegian film history, this decade is known as “the helicopter period” and is associated with a turn towards commercial genre film and classical dramaturgy. This has usually been narrated as a success story for Norwegian cinema. It is, however, also a decade connected to a loss of position for the women directors who had gained a footing in Norwegian cinema in the 1970s. We thus question the idea of progress associated with this decade in film history and propose avenues of investigation. We explore the loss of position of female directors by looking at film reception and film criticism. We further present and discuss a numerical breakdown of women directors and female lead characters in the 1980s and 1990s and point to thematic readings of the on-screen portrayal of women characters in this time span. We find evidence of aggression towards women and a disappearance of women’s film and argue that this points to an anti-feminist pushback in Norwegian cinema of the 1980s and 1990s.

Some thoughts about Anthony V. Rawlings and hydration and barrier function of the skin.

Anthony V. Rawlings has had 30+ years of experience in the general area of skin science. He has many scientific publications, and his work has been highly cited. He has made major contributions to our understanding of skin physiology, including xerosis and hydration, barrier function, desquamation, the corneocyte envelope, physical chemistry of stratum corneum lipids, photodamage and ethnic variation. He has held management positions with several companies in the US and UK, established AVR Consulting in 2002 and maintained a long-standing relationship with colleagues at University College London. His time as the Editor in Chief of the International Journal of Cosmetic Science was pivotal in the development of the journal. He worked hard and succeeded in getting the IJCS included in the PubMed database.

How to drive heavily polluting companies to fulfill environmental responsibility? The synergy between environmental regulation and digital media coverage

This paper addresses the question of how environmental regulation and digital media coverage, as formal and informal external monitoring mechanisms, affect corporate environmental responsibility fulfillment. Using the data of Shanghai and Shenzhen A-share listed companies in China's heavily polluting industries, this study showed that both environmental regulation and digital media coverage significantly improve responsive and strategic environmental responsibility fulfillment. After distinguishing the media tone, it was found that positive digital media coverage promotes the fulfillment of both responsive and strategic environmental responsibilities. In contrast, negative digital media coverage only stimulates the fulfillment of responsive environmental responsibility, which reflected an asymmetrical effect of media tone. Further, the hierarchy of governance amplifies the role of environmental regulation in triggering the fulfillment of responsive environmental responsibility but weakens its value to strategic environmental responsibility. Inconsistent with our predictions, the relationship between digital media coverage and corporate environmental responsibility fulfillment could not be significantly moderated by Confucian culture. In addition, environmental regulation and digital media coverage only existed in companies with separate chairperson and manager positions, which indicated that an excellent internal governance environment is a prerequisite for external monitoring mechanisms to play a role in environmental governance. This study enriches the literature on how to drive responsive and strategic environmental responsibility by uncovering an external governance effect of environmental regulation and digital media coverage on the fulfillment of corporate environmental responsibility, and provides inspiration for multiple environmental governance actors to promote the construction of ecological civilization collaboratively.

Integration of CSR into the Marketing Mix for the Sustainable Development of Companies: A View from the Position of Financial Risk Management

Integration of CSR into the Marketing Mix for the Sustainable Development of Companies: A View from the Position of Financial Risk Management

Examining the Intention to Adopt an Online Platform for Freight Forwarding Services in Thailand: A Modified Unified Theory for Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) Model Approach

The freight forwarding industry is poised for significant digital transformation through online platforms that can enhance process efficiency and transparency. Despite the potential benefits, the adoption of such platforms has been slower than anticipated, largely due to customer concerns and specific industry characteristics. This study examines the factors influencing the intention to adopt and the actual use of an online platform for freight forwarding services among business customers in Thailand. A modified Unified Theory for Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) model, incorporating perceived risk, serves as the theoretical framework. Survey data collected from 400 respondents, all holding managerial or higher positions and involved in the freight shipping process within Thai firms, are analyzed using a structural equation model (SEM). The results indicate that performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, and facilitating conditions positively influence adoption intention, whereas perceived risk negatively impacts it. Additionally, firm size moderates the effect of social influence, with a stronger impact observed in larger enterprises. These findings offer practical insights for Thai freight forwarders to enhance customer acceptance and promote the adoption of online platforms for freight forwarding services, thereby improving efficiency in the logistics industry.

The Impact of Female University Teachers' Marital Satisfaction on Teaching Ability: Moderated by Managerial Positions

Work and life are two important and indispensable components of people's social life. Marriage, as a necessary part of most people's life stage, and past studies have also indicated the relevance of marital satisfaction to people's job satisfaction and physical and mental health. The present study aims to quantitatively examine whether their marital satisfaction has an impact on teaching ability from a single-sex perspective among married female university teachers in Guangxi, China. This study employed a quantitative method using the regression method on 556 responses to test the variables relationship by SPSS26. The researcher found that female teachers' marital satisfaction had a positive effect on their teaching abilities; however, female teachers' managerial positions did not moderate the relationship between their marital satisfaction and their teaching ability in the classroom. The exploration of relationships in this study confirms the feasibility of single-sex research for future research regarding the difference between male and female teachers in related areas. At the same time, it is hoped that this study will enable universities and academic faculties to pay attention to the living conditions of teachers and to optimise policies and support for teachers in terms of working hours, career development and work-life balance from a gender perspective.

Opportunities for Upper Management Positions for Women Employees

Gender inequality persists in Sri Lanka due to structural and cultural barriers, impacting women's economic, political, and personal prospects. It has observed significant gender disparities remain in job positions and executive levels in many Sri Lankan companies. This research aims to uncover the reasons behind these imbalances and identify barriers hindering women's career advancement, ultimately contributing to gender equity solutions. It encompasses three specific objectives: scrutinizing the criteria for job promotions in the company, identifying barriers hindering women's advancement, and evaluating the impact of women-specific characteristics on career progression. Data collection involved surveying 32 females at the managerial level and conducting exploratory studies with male counterparts. Both primary and secondary data sources were used, with inferential and descriptive statistical methods applied for analysis. This research delves into the complex landscape of gender inequality within the company. External factors like political connections shape promotions, while organizational, social, and individual factors collectively contribute to the disparity. Low female representation in decision-making roles, cultural stereotypes, and the absence of female role models pose substantial hurdles. While women specific characteristics may not heavily influence promotions, addressing these multifaceted barriers is vital for advancing gender equality in the workplace.

Hybrid strategy and its effect on the market performance of family-business SMEs: the mediating role of innovation

Purpose For this paper, the authors focus on Porter’s competitive advantage. Hybrid strategy refers to how a firm creates value vis-à-vis competitors by simultaneously relying on lower costs and greater differentiation to achieve a competitive advantage. This strategy emphasises both and aims to provide much more monetary value to customers through the combination of reduced cost and a higher rate of differentiation. In addition, this research focuses on family small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), because they have particularities arising from the incorporation of family members both as owners of the SME and in managerial positions. The porpose of this study is to analyse whether the existing differences produced by the role of the family in strategic decision-making and the concentration of family power have a higher impact on performance and innovation than non-family SMEs. Design/methodology/approach Structural equation modelling was used to analyse Spanish firms with fewer than 250 employees. This study randomly selected SMEs operating in Spain from the Spanish Central Business Directory (2021) database. The overall sample design was based on stratified sampling. Findings SMEs are facing new challenges, and this has led to the emergence of new competitive strategies. Companies have started to combine differentiation strategies with cost strategies to achieve superior performance and better adapt to these changes. This study confirms a positive relationship between the adoption of hybrid strategies and market performance in SMEs. In addition, hybrid strategy reinforces innovation, which has a mediating role between hybrid strategy and market performance. Finally, the findings indicate that family SMEs achieve a greater impact of hybrid strategy on innovation than non-family SMEs. Moreover, innovation plays a mediating role only in the case of family firms, which enhances the relationship between hybrid strategy and market performance. Originality/value For SMEs to survive in turbulent environments, this study proposes the adoption of hybrid strategies instead of pure strategies. The novel model links hybrid strategy (as opposed to “stuck in the middle”), innovation and market performance. The research is valuable for owners and managers of family SMEs because this study finds differences in the relationships studied compared to non-family SMEs.

“We had to become everything”: employee innovation due to COVID-19 in the Italian public healthcare system

PurposeCOVID-19 has profoundly shaped human interactions, and, within public healthcare systems, care relations. Through the lens of social suffering, this study explores how employee innovation is shaped by the pandemic crisis and different managerial approaches in the context of public geriatric care in Northeast Italy.Design/methodology/approachThis study adopts a qualitative methodology. A total of 29 semi-structured, open-ended interviews were conducted with 23 healthcare professionals involved in geriatric care, with managerial and without managerial positions. Observation was integrated as auxiliary research to further capture on an operational level the interactions among the actors involved.FindingsThe COVID-19 crisis significantly shaped employee innovation for healthcare professionals, as the suffering it provoked in the system motivated and urged them to engage in innovative initiatives. Where employees’ engagement in innovation was recognized by the management, it was found that the suffering was mitigated, and creativity and solidarity emerged in the innovation process. Where top-down approaches did not recognize employees’ efforts and innovative initiatives, need-driven innovation and greater tensions came forward, enhancing the overall suffering in care relations and resulting in some employees considering leaving their profession.Research limitations/implicationsThis study is based on a single case study.Practical implicationsThis study further highlights the employee participation in innovation as a crucial practical implication for sustaining the quality of public care and assistance. A practical implication emerging from this study suggests that “ordinary” healthcare professionals’ engagement in innovative initiatives and in their operationalization should be encouraged by the organization. In a system as complex as the public healthcare one, valuing the bottom-up, clinical inputs appears fundamental if innovation is to move away from mere technological adaptation to embrace a more comprehensive process, involving the professionals who are engaging in innovative endeavors. From a managerial point of view, adopting an approach that recognizes, supports and provides coordination to employee innovation seems instrumental to nurture an environment where employee voices feel heard, and creativity, solidarity and overall positive collaboration can occur. Thus, another significant practical implication includes the retention of healthcare professionals in the public sector in times of crisis.Originality/valueWith the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, the necessity to explore the “human side” of innovation and its connection to emerging human needs during a crisis is growing. This study focuses on employee participation in innovation processes due to COVID-19, thus contributing to the employee-driven innovation (EDI) literature. Through the lens of social suffering, it scrutinizes the interactions between bottom-up perceptions and responses and top-down strategies in a public healthcare setting. Hence, this study addresses two major gaps present in EDI literature, for the most part focused on the private sector and on the managerial structures, tools and interventions.

Peran Pengetahuan dan Kekuasaan dalam Implementasi PTN-BH di Indonesia

<p><strong>Higher education institutions (HEIs) are establishments that offer education, instruction, research, and services across fields of science and technology. Autonomy, in management, categorizes state universities (PTNs) based on their structure. State universities with status (PTN-BH) hold the position in resource management within the campus hierarchy of state universities. This study adopts an approach incorporating a literature review methodology and analysis through Michel Foucault's theory on the interplay between power and knowledge. This study aims to understand how power shapes the identity and norms of universities and to analyze the dynamics of HEIs in the context of economic priorities and their implications for democracy.</strong><strong> </strong><strong>The findings indicate that power influences the regulation of knowledge creation presenting both challenges and opportunities for PTN-BH. Michel Foucault's theory underscores how power shapes university identities and norms. The evolution of PTN-BH signifies a transition towards prioritizing concerns, over welfare, impacting democratic ideals.</strong></p><p><strong><em>Keywords –</em></strong> <em>Knowledge, Michel Foucault, Power, PTN-BH</em></p>

أثر المرونة الاستراتيجية في تحقيق المــيزة التنافسية: دراسة ميدانية على شركات صناعة الأسمنت الخاصة في الجمهوريـة اليمنيــة

The study aimed to determine the impact of strategic flexibility in achieving competitive advantage in private cement manufacturing companies in the Republic of Yemen. The study used the descriptive analytical approach, and the questionnaire was relied upon as a tool for collecting data. The study population was formed through the method of comprehensive inventory of the occupants of management and specialist positions in the companies under study of (561) individuals, (452) valid questionnaires were retrieved for analysis. The Statistical Package for the Sciences (SPSS) version 20, the statistical program(STATA) (14) and the most important of which is the presence of a high level of practicing strategic flexibility and achieving competitive advantage in private cement manufacturing companies, and the presence of a statistically significant effect of dimensions of strategic flexibility (market flexibility, production flexibility, and human capital flexibility) affect the achievement of competitive advantage in private cement manufacturing companies Among its most important recommendations: adopting strategic flexibility at various levels of decision-making in the companies under study, paying attention to and encouraging new ideas for employees and adopting them, stimulating the creation of a culture of creativity among them.