Managerial Evaluation Research Articles

Scenarios for Assessing Leadership Behaviors of Mid-level Managers in the Greek National Health System Through the Lens of Servant Leadership Theory: A Pilot Study in the Hospital Cluster of North Attica.

This study aimed to develop a scenario-based questionnaire for evaluating medium-level leadership behaviors within the Greek National Healthcare System (NHS), drawing upon the principles of servant leadership theory. Data for this pilot study were collected in the first quarter of 2019, using a sample of 33 (22.9% of all medium-level managerial positions) medium-level managers from the Greek NHS hospital cluster located in North Attica. To assess managerial behaviors, an ordinal scale was employed, revealing non-normal data distributions. Consequently, our analysis involved presenting descriptive statistics, utilizing non-parametric tests to explore distinctions in managerial behaviors, and conducting thematic analysis of responses to open-ended questions, with frequencies and relative frequencies of each theme meticulously recorded. Overall, our findings indicate that, in most cases, managers exhibited positive behaviors towardtheir employees, regardless of whether the outcomes were positive, negative, or unknown. Positive behaviors towards the administration were comparatively rare. Significant differences were observed, highlighting that managers were more inclined to exhibit positive behaviors when the outcome was known, particularly in scenarios involving employee management. Within each scenario, behavioral patterns varied, with managers demonstrating a propensity to take credit for employee success in positive outcomes but distancing themselves from negative outcomes when reporting to the administration. Furthermore, the survey responses underscored the prevalence of positive attitudes regarding accountability and stewardship, with stewardship showing a positive correlation with scenario-based behaviors. Finally, our study brought to light several challenges in the management of the Greek NHS, including the absence of comprehensive managerial evaluation, the lack of meritocracy, regulatory deficiencies, and a shortage of leadership skills among current managers. These findings emphasize the importance of scenario-based assessments for Greek hospital managers, as they can help connect managerial behaviors to stewardship, accountability, and skills, ultimately contributing to the enhancement of leadership within the Greek NHS.

Evaluation Of Physical Education Independent Curriculum Through CIPP: Managerial Implementation In Learning Activities

The government has created an independent curriculum as a learning recovery, but not all schools implement it well. Therefore, an evaluation is needed, especially regarding the management of learning activities. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the implementation of the independent curriculum model in physical education subjects at State Vocational Schools in Tasikmalaya City. This research used a qualitative descriptive approach. In this study, data were collected through triangulation techniques consisting of observation, semi-structured interviews, and documentation. This study involved the vice principal for curriculum, four physical education teachers, and four students. They were selected through a purposive sampling technique. Data analysis involved preparation, inference, and verification. The results showed that the context evaluation of goals and objectives indicators and strength indicators had been fulfilled. However, weakness indicators related to teacher consistency in implementing learning still exist. Input evaluation on indicators of curriculum structure, PE teacher competence, teaching materials, and students have been fulfilled and run well. However, input evaluation on indicators of infrastructure availability still needs to support the continuity of PE learning. Process evaluation on indicators of implementation and implementation of assessments has gone well, but product evaluation on indicators of program achievement still needs to be improved. Implementing CIPP managerial evaluation is carried out by ensuring that the evaluation is carried out systematically, periodically, and comprehensively. Evaluation results are used as the basis for decision-making related to the improvement and development of the Physical Education curriculum. Teachers and school management play an active role in ensuring the sustainability and effectiveness of the evaluation.

Gender and Age Bias in the Evaluation of Suicide Attempt Behavior in an Emergency Department.

We aimed to investigate whether demographic characteristics such as age and gender of attempted suicide patients are associated with bias in the post-Emergency Department (ED) discharge program manager's evaluation of genuineness of the patients' suicide attempts. In the ED-Based Post-Suicide Attempt Case Management (ED-PSACM) program, the manager interviews patients with suicide attempts and makes subjective judgement on the patient's genuineness of the suicide attempt. After patients' discharge, the manager provides follow-up post-discharge care management services. Compared to ≥ 65 years old male patients as a reference group, 18-39 years old female patients showed significantly lower judgment for a genuine suicide attempt (OR = 0.34; 95% CI 0.12-0.81). Other groups did not show significant differences from the reference group. Our study result suggests the possibility of the effects of bias on young females on the judgment of the suicide attempt genuineness. Medical staff and interventions managers in the ED should be concerned to avoid knowledge-mediated bias, especially by gender and age.

Labor Mobility, Managerial Evaluation Risk and Corporate Performance Disclosures

Labor Mobility, Managerial Evaluation Risk and Corporate Performance Disclosures

ІННОВАЦІЙНИЙ МЕНЕДЖМЕНТ: СТИМУЛЮВАННЯ ТА УПРАВЛІННЯ ТВОРЧІСТЮ І ІДЕЯМИ В ОРГАНІЗАЦІЇ

The creativity of individual employees in an organization is an important source of innovation. The author establishes that the basis of the modern approach to stimulating creative activity among employees is the task of managers of organizations to maximize the creative abilities of each individual and direct them in the necessary direction to achieve specific innovative and economic results. It is necessary to create a special creative environment characterized by openness to new proposals, support for innovation, democratic leadership style, trust in management, cooperation at all levels, training and professional communication. Creativity management is a system of principles, methods, techniques, practices and tools for managing the creativity of employees. The factors that determine the level of organizational creativity are determined. Five phases of management for the realization of an idea are defined: the origin of the idea, compilation of the primary pool of ideas, development and enrichment of ideas, managerial evaluation of ideas, selection of ideas for practical implementation. The author considers a set of motives that encourage people to be creative and generate ideas. The process of generating ideas is stimulated by individual factors such as task skills, intrinsic motivation, and creativity-related processes, including certain personality traits, as well as work styles and heuristics to improve creative thinking. Effective and sustainable idea management programs that deliver results require key components - alignment, people and process, and technology. There is a distinction between intrinsic and extrinsic motivation. However, in practice, a combination of the two is more common. Finding the right balance between intrinsic and extrinsic motivation is one of the main tasks of motivation policy development. The author distinguishes non-economic methods of motivating creative work: moral and psychological (in the form of approval, support, recognition of merit, respect and trust) and organizational (participation in decision-making, clarification of prospects, delegation of authority and performance of more complex tasks). Intrinsic motivation increases the level of responsibility, attitude and personal initiative, personality traits that are usually associated with the successful implementation of an idea.

Measuring the TA Concept of Autonomy and its Correlation with Employee Self-Performance Evaluation Scores Compared to their Manager's Evaluation

Description is given of a study that set out to measure the effect of the transactional analysis concept of autonomy and how it related to the consistency between the self-performance evaluation scores of employees and their manager's performance scores. A questionnaire was used that had previously been developed and researched with people studying to become transactional analysis practitioners. In addition to finding that there did appear to be a correlation between high scores on the questionnaire and agreement by the employee with their manager's evaluation, it was realised that there were shortcomings with the questionnaire and these raised questions about the concept of autonomy as it is typically described within transactional analysis. A revised questionnaire is included containing only 11 from the original 19 questions, and it is shown how the original four and then two components may be two different factors.

Development and validation of management assessment tools considering water, food, and energy security nexus at the farm level

Given the role of the agricultural sector in consuming critical resources like water and energy, a balance should be achieved between the harvest and exploitation of these resources and the amount of agricultural produce by their proper management. Security measurement indicators are a criterion for managerial evaluating of farmers regarding water, food, and energy security nexus. Therefore, this study aimed to develop and validate a tool for managerial evaluating of farmers as the best local facilitators regarding the water, food, and energy security nexus in two phases. The geographical scope of the research is Iran. The first phase was related to reviewing the previous literature and extracting indicators for measuring water, food, and energy security, and the second phase focused on validation. The face and content validity of the questionnaire were conducted quantitatively and qualitatively by surveying subject matter experts and calculating CVR and CVI. The results identified 85 indicators for the managerial evaluation of farmers in three areas of water security (30 indicators), food security (37 indicators), and energy security (18 indicators). The use of soil moisture control, pressurized irrigation (access dimension), groundwater resources (availability dimension), and salinity-resistant cultivars (stability dimension) were significantly valid in measuring water security. Achieving product direct sale marketing (access dimension), using early yielding cultivars (availability dimension), and producing organic products in farms and orchards and attention to the calendar and planting time in the production process (dimension of stability) were the highly valid indicators in food safety assessment. Moreover, the most valid indicators in the field of energy security measurement were energy consumed to produce and transport the product (accessibility dimension), use of geothermal energy resources (availability dimension), and bioenergy production rate (stability dimension). Challenges to achieving water, food, and energy security at the farm level can be minimized using the extracted indicators and correct management principles obtained from reviewing the indicators. Therefore, researchers, planners, decision-makers, and executives in agriculture and horticulture are recommended to use these indicators approved by subject matter experts.

NURSING BEHAVIOUR AND PREVENTING COVID 19 TRANSMISSION: A CASE STUDY IN MERAUKE HOSPITAL PAPUA

The Merauke hospital became a reference during the COVID-19 era for people living in Southern Papua - Merauke, Mappi, and Boven Digoel regencies. Thus, hospitals must prepare the nursing care staff in terms of cognition, psychomotor, and behavior in managing COVID-19. This research reviewed the nursing care behavior in preventing COVID-19 transmission at the Regional Hospital of Merauke. This cross-sectional study approach applied a total sampling technique, resulting in 60 nurses. The researchers distributed a questionnaire to collect cognitive, psychomotor, and behavioral data. From the findings, the researchers found 31 respondents, 51%, with very excellent behavior. Of those numbers, 22 respondents or 36.7% had excellent prevention while 9 respondents, or 15% had excellent prevention. From the total of 28 respondents, 46.7% had average behavior while sixteen respondents, or 26.7% had very excellent prevention. Respondents with excellent prevention consisted of 9 respondents, 15%. Respondents with average prevention consisted of 3 respondents, 5%. Then, respondents with low behavior and average prevention consisted of a respondent, 1.7%. The Chi-square obtained a p-value of 0.002, lower than 0.05. Conclusion: From the result, the researchers found the nursing behavior and COVID-19 and COVID-19 infection at Merauke Regional Hospital. The results also suggest managerial evaluation and supervision keep and improve the preventive behavior on COVID-19 transmission.

Firm climate risk, risk management, and bank loan financing

AbstractResearch SummaryWe estimate firm‐level physical risk from climate change based on managerial evaluation and firms' exposure to climate hazard events and find that climate risk results in unfavorable corporate financing terms related to bank loans (higher interest paid, higher likelihood of being required to collateralize the loan, and greater number of covenant constraints). Firms that take measures aimed at managing climate risk, including corporate climate strategy, board‐level governance, specific or integrated process to cope with climate change, climate opportunities, and climate policy involvement, are able to mitigate the negative impact of climate risk on loan contracting. We further find that higher climate risk level is associated with inferior financial performance and higher default probability, which potentially lead to more stringent loan terms.Managerial SummaryWe examine how a firm's exposure to climate risk affects its financing terms from bank loans. Climate risk exposure is assessed by firm managers and also reflects the degree to which the firm is subject to climate‐induced natural disasters. The results show that if exposed to higher climate risk, which hurts financial performance and heightens default likelihood, firms face higher interest rates and more stringent collateral and covenant constraints when borrowing from banks. Nevertheless, firm managers could significantly mitigate this adverse climate impact on loan financing by integrating climate change into business strategy, having the board take direct responsibility for climate change issues, establishing a climate change‐focused risk management process, seeking business opportunities from climate change, and engaging in activities that influence climate policies.

Selecting Applicants

A firm selects applicants to hire based on hard information, such as a test result, and soft information, such as a manager's evaluation of an interview. The contract that the firm offers to the manager can be thought of as a restriction on acceptance rates as a function of test results. I characterize optimal acceptance rate functions both when the firm knows the manager's mix of information and biases and when the firm is uncertain. These contracts may admit a simple implementation in which the manager can accept any set of applicants with a sufficiently high average test score.

지방자치단체의 재정적 환경요인이 지방공기업의 경영평가결과에 미치는 영향 분석

본 연구에서는 2012년부터 2016년까지 행정안전부가 주관하여 경영평가를 실시한 지방공기업을 대상으로 지방자치단체의 재정수준이 지방공기업의 경영평가결과에 미치는 영향을 실증적으로 분석하였다. 분석결과에 따르면, 자치단체의 부채비율과 재정자립도가 경영평가점수에 유의미한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 반면, 자치단체의 1인당 지방세는 경영평가점수에 유의미한 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 이는 지방자치단체의 재정여건이 지방공기업의 성과에 영향을 미치는 외부 환경요인으로 작용하며 자치단체의 소득수준보다는 산하 지방공기업에 대한 실질적인 재정적 지원을 담보할 수 있는 관할 자치단체의 재정건전성과 여유재원이 중요하다는 것을 시사한다. 이러한 연구결과를 바탕으로 현행 경영평가지표 및 평가등급 부여 과정에서 재정적 환경요인을 반영하는 방안을 제시하였다.

Gender bias and the impact on managerial evaluation of insider security threats

With regard to computer abuse, the term "malicious insider" tends to be associated with male employees, likely because men commit more crimes relative to women. We draw on the chivalry hypothesis to inform our study and explore whether managers demonstrate gender bias in decision-making regarding insider threats posed by subordinate employees. We recruited managers as participants in our study and randomly assigned them to an "employee gender" condition, wherein half the participants read a scenario with a female offender and half the participants read a scenario with a male offender. The scenarios were identical with the exception of the gender pronouns, and participants were asked to evaluate the intent and harm posed by the employee. Our results suggest that managers’ perceptions of malicious intent are systematically different according to the gender of the subordinate employee; specifically, managers characterize security misbehavior by males as significantly more malicious relative to that by females. These findings suggest that gender biases play a role in how managers perceive employee security behavior. This study extends current research on the chivalry hypothesis by linking gendered criminal and computer stereotypes to bias in evaluating information systems security threats.

MANAGERIAL EVALUATION OF THE LOGISTICS PERFORMANCE AND ITS DEPENDENCIES ON ECONOMIES IN SELECTED COUNTRIES

The objective of the paper is managerial evaluation of the level of logistics on individual continents and to find out dependence between the level of logistic systems and the level of GDP in the selected countries of the world. To evaluate logistics, we used the Logistics Performance Index and its six categories (customs clearance, infrastructure, international shipment, logistic competencies, monitoring shipment, and satisfaction). The index of gross domestic product was shown per capita and in constant U.S. dollars for 2010. The analyzed period was the years 2010, 2012, 2014, 2016, and 2018. Together, we analyzed 134 countries from five of the world’s continents. Results are provided separately for the European countries and the Slovak Republic. To find out mutual linear dependence, we used the correlation coefficient. From the results of the research, it is clear that there is a connection between the variables LPI and GDP and thus that there exists a direct linear dependence. Only in one case, that of the African continent in 2018, was the coefficient of correlation close to zero and we had to state that the variables were not linearly dependent. For most resulting values of the correlation coefficient, we found only slight linear dependence. The exception was the countries of Australia and Oceania, where a strong dependence was found for all the years in question. This kind of analysis has significance primarily on the macroeconomic level. The individual countries can investigate, evaluate, and consequently improve their respective logistic systems and services. Understanding and decomposing the components of trade and logistics performance can help countries improve freight transport efficiency and identify where international cooperation could help overcome barriers.

Towards Sustainable Water Supply: Enhancing Project Accountability Practices in Water Supply Projects Within Nairobi City County’s Informal Settlement Areas

Sustainability of water supply has over the years become a key concern for the global community due to water stress and scarcity attributable to climate change and other anthropogenic factors. This is especially crucial for urban areas where increased rural-urban migration has brought population increases, thus raising the demand for basic services and infrastructure. The concerted efforts of water sector stakeholders have seen to, among other strategies, the implementation of water supply projects in affected areas. In Kenya, however, the statistics show that these water supply projects have reported high failure rates with the existing systems failing to operate at full capacity. The study sought to investigate the effect on the effect of accountability on the sustainability of water supply projects in Nairobi City County's informal settlement areas. A sample of 260 project leaders of water supply projects was considered in this study. Data was collected using structured questionnaires, and both descriptive and inferential data analysis was conducted. The findings revealed that accountability has a positive and statistically significant effect on sustainability and that strengthening accountability practices such as monitoring and evaluation, managerial evaluation, and transparency would bolster project sustainability.

What to avoid in an executive director evaluation

Here are pitfalls to avoid in your executive director's evaluation.

Managerial Evaluation of Mechanical Technology on Fruit Farming in Consideration of the Present Situation of Fruit Farming

Managerial Evaluation of Mechanical Technology on Fruit Farming in Consideration of the Present Situation of Fruit Farming

Managerial Evaluation of Countermeasures against Wildlife

Managerial Evaluation of Countermeasures against Wildlife

Communicating subjective evaluations

Consider managers evaluating their employees' performances. Should managers justify their subjective evaluations? Suppose a manager's evaluation is private information. Justifying her evaluation is costly but limits the principal's scope for distorting her evaluation of the employee. I show that the manager justifies her evaluation if and only if the employee's performance was poor. The justification assures the employee that the manager has not distorted the evaluation downwards. For good performance, however, the manager pays a constant high wage without justification. The empirical literature demonstrates that subjective evaluations are lenient and discriminate poorly between good performance levels. This pattern was attributed to biased managers. I show that these effects can occur in optimal contracts without any biased behavior.

A Managerial Evaluation of Syrian Civil War on Turkish Firms: Crisis Management Practices

A Managerial Evaluation of Syrian Civil War on Turkish Firms: Crisis Management Practices

Towards a Clinical Trial Protocol to Evaluate Health Information Systems: Evaluation of a Computerized System for Monitoring Tuberculosis from a Patient Perspective in Brazil.

Assessment of health information systems consider different aspects of the system itself. They focus or on the professional who will use the software or on its usability or on the software engineering metrics or on financial and managerial issues. The existent approaches are very resources consuming, disconnected, and not standardized. As the software becomes more critical in the health organizations and in patients, becoming used as a medical device or a medicine, there is an urgency to identify tools and methods that can be applied in the development process. The present work is one of the steps of a broader study to identify standardized protocols to evaluate the health information systems as medicines and medical devices are evaluated by clinical trials. The goal of the present work was to evaluate the effect of the introduction of an information system for monitoring tuberculosis treatment (SISTB) in a Brazilian municipality from the patients' perspective. The Patient Satisfaction Questionnaire and the Hospital Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems were answered by the patients before and after the SISTB introduction, for comparison. Patients from an outpatient clinic, formed the control group, that is, at this site was not implanted the SISTB. Descriptive statistics and mixed effects model were used for data analysis. Eighty-eight interviews were conducted in the study. The questionnaire's results presented better averages after the system introduction but were not considered statistically significant. Therefore, it was not possible to associate system implantation with improved patient satisfaction. The HIS evaluation need be complete, the technical and managerial evaluation, the safety, the impact on the professionals and direct and/or indirect impact on patients are important. Developing the right tools and methods that can evaluate the software in its entirety, from the beginning of the development cycle with a normalized scale, are needed.