Economic Management Research Articles

Systems Modeling of the Water-Energy-Food-Ecosystems Nexus: Insights from a Region Facing Structural Water Scarcity in Southern Spain.

The complex relationship between water, energy, food, and ecological systems, known as the WEFE nexus, has emerged as a major topic in the debate about sustainable economic development and resource management. This subject is of special interest in Mediterranean coastal areas as rapid economic expansion driven by population growth, higher influx of tourists, and intensification of agriculture is leading to structural water scarcity conditions. However, addressing the diverse range of issues associated with the nexus is a difficult task due to the existence of intricate interconnections, interdependencies, and nonlinearities within and across its various components. Accordingly, this case study applies a combination of participatory systems modeling and network analysis tools to yield insights into the complexity of this nexus in Axarquia, a region with features that make it an example of water-stressed jurisdictions in the Mediterranean. Overall, our results provide a strong foundation to understand the dynamics that govern this nexus in regions where the availability of freshwater resources is a significant concern. Furthermore, they lay the groundwork for the development of models and scenarios to simulate the impact of various policies and interventions on the overall system.

Optimizing water-fertilizer integration with drip irrigation management to improve crop yield, water, and nitrogen use efficiency: A meta-analysis study

So far, many studies have examined the effects of drip irrigation and water-fertilizer integration on crop yield indices, nutrient use efficiency (NUE), and water use efficiency (WUE). However, they are carried out under different conditions. Due to the scattered research results and the lack of general conclusions from published results, it is necessary to use meta-analysis as a structured method to draw a conclusion. Therefore, a meta-analysis was conducted to quantitatively evaluate the effects of water–fertilizer integration with drip irrigation (WFIDI) on nitrogen use efficiency (NUE), water use efficiency (WUE), and crop yield to explore the most suitable application strategy of WFIDI, further discussion of its impact mechanism. A total of 352 studies in the Chinese region were included, of which 84 studies met the entry criteria for the meta-analysis, and 779 pairs of data were finally obtained. The meta-analysis results showed that WFIDI improved NUE (31.3 %), WUE (34.5 %) and crop yield (12.5 %) by changing soil physical and chemical properties (SOC increased by 36.4 %, TN increased by 9.3 %, and ETC decreased by 11.5 %). In order to screen the key influencing factors and determine the applicable conditions, PCA and win-win analysis were carried out. The results showed that WFIDI was suitable for food crops and fruit trees in medium-textured soils. It is recommended to use subsurface drip irrigation with a lower flow rate (≤1Lh−1) and nitrogen fertilizer (10–25 % lower than the traditional nitrogen application rate of farmers). This study provides inspiration for efficient and economical agricultural water management.

A solar-powered multi-functional portable charging device (SPMFPCD) with internet-of-things (IoT)-based real-time monitoring—An innovative scheme towards energy access and management

In the absence of portable charging devices, sectors such as transportation, communication, and emergency services deal with various challenges towards electric power needs while compromising on (1) operational efficiency, (2) insufficient portable charging solutions, and (3) limited versatility. This highlights the critical need for reliable and multi-functional power solutions. To provide a portable charging solution across diverse sectors, this paper proposes an innovative development of a solar-powered multi-functional portable charging device (SPMFPCD) with internet- of-thing (IoT)-based monitoring capabilities. The proposed scheme introduces a comprehensive model integrating advanced technologies which include a highly efficient solar panel, charge controller, sensors, and IoT module. The proposed system facilitates versatile charging solutions for a wide range of power requirements with real-time monitoring and data analysis through the IoT platform. Moreover, the proposed work explores the applications of the SPMFPCD in (1) emergency medical scenarios, (2) outdoor adventures, (3) disaster management, and 4) public spaces. Performance evaluation was made by proposing case studies to validate the (1) economic viability, (2) power management, and (3) environmental impact of widespread deployment of SPMPFCD in public spaces. Furthermore, detailed analysis of battery energy storage system (BESS) and photovoltaic (PV) integration for load management, seasonal dynamics, and renewable energy integration (REI) contribute to a comprehensive understanding of the proposed solution.

Exploring the Interplay between Business Economics and Global Trade

This study explores the interplay between Business Economics and global trade, focusing on how firms apply economic principles to navigate international markets. The primary aim is to understand how economic policies, risk management, and strategic decision-making processes influence global trade strategies. Utilizing a qualitative research methodology, the study involves in-depth interviews with business economists, trade experts, and senior executives from multinational corporations. Data collection centers on participants' experiences and insights regarding the impact of economic policies, risk management strategies, and decision-making processes in global trade contexts. Thematic analysis of the interview data reveals that firms actively use Business Economics to adapt to changing trade policies, manage risks such as currency fluctuations and geopolitical instability, and optimize their market entry and pricing strategies. The study highlights that businesses leveraging economic models and principles are better positioned to respond to external changes, mitigate risks, and capitalize on growth opportunities in the global market. These findings underscore the critical role of Business Economics in shaping effective global trade strategies and offer valuable insights for firms seeking to enhance their international operations.

Impact of transparent economy on high-tech enterprises in the modern business environment of China

High-quality information support for modern high-tech enterprises in any country is of undeniable relevance. An open, accessible, and fair, transparent economy creates an atmosphere of trust in which people easily perceive transparency, fairness, and efficiency of economic management. The purpose of this study is to determine the impact of a transparent economy on the investment environment, innovation, competitive advantage, government regulation, and the formation of corporate social responsibility in the modern business environment on the example of high-tech enterprises in China. This study uses a multiple linear regression model to analyze the impact of a transparent economy on high-tech enterprises. The research sources included the CSMAR database, China’s stock market and accounting research, China’s economic and financial research database, CRSP, COMPUSTAT, and others, and financial statements of selected high-tech companies. Sustainable development, R&D and innovation, investor relations, social responsibility, and market competitiveness are identified as key aspects of the relationship between a transparent economy and high-tech enterprises. The study confirmed a positive correlation between a transparent economy and the efficiency of resource allocation of high-tech enterprises, the innovation capabilities of high-tech enterprises, the market competitiveness of high-tech enterprises, and the efficiency of state supervision of high-tech enterprises.

Design of a reverse logistics network for medical waste considering location and routing decisions

Medical waste generated in healthcare facilities is categorized as hazardous due to its infectious, toxic, or radioactive properties, posing substantial risks to human health and the environment. This research proposes a bi-objective Mixed-Integer Linear Programming model for designing reverse logistics networks that enable both economical and safe medical waste management. Said model determines optimal quantity, depot locations, and routes for transporting waste from its generating points (hospitals) to the treatment and disposal sites (depots).This research addresses a bi-objective location routing problem, with multiple depots, time windows, capacity constraints, and variated waste types, across a multi-period horizon. It is innovative because no previous works have successfully dealt with such a combination of pragmatic features. The Location Routing Problem is an already well-known NP-Hard problem, with the additional aforementioned features further adding to its complexity. Thus, a genetic algorithm to solve large-sized realistic instances within reasonable computing times had been developed.Numerical experiments considered 20 random instances contrasting exact and approximate solution approaches. Also, a medical waste collection case study of a public hospital network in Atlántico Department, Colombia, delivering a Pareto frontier solution set, was introduced. The results demonstrated the efficacy of the proposed genetic algorithm in successfully addressing small instances of the problem, delivering outcomes comparable to the Mixed-Integer Linear Programming model. Furthermore, it yields good-quality solutions in a reduced computational time for larger instances deemed unfeasible for the Mixed-Integer Linear Programming model.This article contributes to both scientific literature and practitioners by presenting a decision-making tool designed to address the medical waste reverse logistics challenge under realistic scenarios. It approaches the issue from a bi-objective standpoint, jointly considering economic factors and biomedical safety. Additionally, the article introduces realistic and pertinent assumptions that have not been explored in previous literature.

Cossacks in the Conditions of Frontier Modernization (on the example of the Far East in the late 19th – early 20th centuries)

Historically, the contacts between the Cossacks and the Chinese population were established and their particular strengthening occurred during the construction of the Chinese-Eastern Railway between 1897 and 1903. The imperial authorities devised a plan to establish the Sungurian Cossack army, which was to be augmented by the Cossacks dispatched to protect the ‘KVZhD’. These troops were to comprise the descendants of Albazin and the local population. In the context of the present circumstances, the Cossacks in the peripheral Ussuri Territory and Manchuria served as the frontiers of the system of relations with the local Chinese and Korean populations, as well as the modernizing transformation of the region. As the most mobile and passionate segment of the population, the Cossacks played a pivotal role in the socio-economic and cultural transformation of the region. Their extensive involvement in the agrarian economy and their diverse socio-class and ethno-confessional composition contributed to the diversification of the regional mosaic. During this historical period, the Cossacks served as the driving force of the Russian exploration of the Far Eastern space. Moreover, they facilitated the militarization of the newly developed territories. The format of the study permits presenting a set of relations risen along the Center–Far Eastern Cossacks axis. The objectives of this paper is to ascertain the nature of this relationship within the system and to study the dissemination of the experience of the Cossack self-government system to neighboring regions, including the process of Japanese colonization of the island of Hokkaido. The research findings indicate the efficacy of applying the Cossack administrative and economic management experience to the Far East and Manchuria, as well as in adjacent regions, such as Hokkaido. The article is intended for Cossack specialists and sinologists.

Sustainable Collaboration and Incentive Policies for the Integration of Professional Education and Innovation and Entrepreneurship Education (IPEIEE)

The Integration of Professional Education and Innovation and Entrepreneurship Education (IPEIEE) has been recognized as an important direction for the development of higher education in enhancing the innovation and entrepreneurship awareness and ability of college students. However, universities and teachers are facing challenges while promoting IPEIEE, namely, various stakeholders, the unreasonable design of the curriculum system, and the lack of relevant incentive policies. In addition, IPEIEE in many universities has been placed on hold. Few studies have examined the innovation regime in IPEIEE, despite it being a dilemma that the field confronts. Thus, taking into account the roles of universities, teachers, and students in the evolutionary game model, this paper firstly constructs an evolutionary game model for teachers and students, in which the costs and parameters affecting the benefit matrix, as well as the stability strategy, are refined. Secondly, the behavior of universities is introduced to examine the effects of universities on strategic choices of teachers and students. Finally, a mechanism analysis is conducted in combination with the principal–agent model to gain a deeper understanding of the evolutionary stability of stakeholder strategies in the IPEIEE. The findings emphasize potential Evolutionary Stable Strategies (ESS) that universities, as promoters and guides, should take as measures concerning both economic encouragement and management encouragement to promote IPEIEE, so as that the ‘ideal state’ can be achieved. Furthermore, if specific incentives for different stakeholders are proposed and set at an appropriate intensity, this will encourage active cooperation among these stakeholders. This paper explores the evolution mechanism of innovation strategies in IPEIEE from the perspective of stakeholders, offering a better comprehension of the dynamic evolution of these strategies. The key findings also offer support for policymakers to promote the mutual development of agents in the IPEIEE, thus enhancing the overall sustainable collaborative capability of the IPEIEE.

Digital Governance and Its Role in the Islamic Economy- Analytical Study

This study investigates the role of digital governance within the Islamic economy, aiming to explore how modern technological advancements can be integrated into Islamic financial institutions while adhering to Sharia law. The research employs an analytical and comparative approach to examine the intersection of digital governance and Islamic economics, focusing on its implications for economic management and institutional transparency. The results indicate that digital governance offers a framework of systems and mechanisms that enhance the efficiency, accountability, and transparency of Islamic institutions. These governance practices, while rooted in the principles of Islamic economics, are essential for the modern adaptation of these institutions, particularly in the global economy. The study concludes that adopting digital governance within Islamic finance can significantly improve the management and operational integrity of these institutions, ensuring their alignment with both religious and modern economic principles.

The Interplay of Banking Development and Legal Reforms

The enforcement of mortgage rights plays a pivotal role in ensuring economic stability and protecting citizens' financial interests. Within the broader context of economic governance, the banking sector acts as a fundamental pillar, driving economic growth and safeguarding financial certainty. This study examines the regulatory framework governing the enforcement of mortgage rights in Indonesia, emphasizing its impact on financial security and the reduction of Non-Performing Loans (NPL). Through a normative juridical approach, this research analyzes the existing legal provisions in Indonesia and explores avenues for enhancing the mortgage enforcement process. In addition to legal analysis, philosophical discourse is employed to understand the practical challenges in enforcing mortgage rights. A comparative approach focuses on the Indian legal system, where mortgage rights can be executed without court intervention. India’s approach has effectively reduced Non-Performing Assets (NPA), offering valuable insights into Indonesia’s legal reform efforts. The study suggests adopting a comparable framework in Indonesia could streamline mortgage enforcement procedures, reduce litigation, and enhance financial stability. This research aims to contribute to Indonesia’s broader economic management and governance strategies by proposing legal reforms and promoting a more efficient, competitive, financial security, and equitable financial system.KEYWORDS: Legal Reform, Banking, Morgage Rights, Indonesia, India.

Моделі відновлення транспортно-логістичної інфраструктури скотарства на деокупованих територіях україни

In the conditions of de-occupation and restoration of the territories of Ukraine, an important task is the restoration of the transport and logistics infrastructure for the efficient functioning of the livestock industry. The study covers the analysis of existing problems related to the destruction of infrastructure due to military actions and proposes a set of models that contribute to the rapid and efficient recovery of this industry. The proposed models in the article are aimed at restoring production capacities, improving the efficiency of logistics processes, and ensuring the sustainable development of cattle breeding in the de-occupied territories of Ukraine. A comprehensive approach to solving the problems of infrastructure restoration will not only restore economic activity but also contribute to the long-term development of the regions. The de-occupation of the territories of Ukraine affected by military operations creates new challenges for the recovery of various sectors of the economy, including cattle breeding. The transport and logistics infrastructure, which is critical to the functioning of this industry, has suffered significant destruction. Therefore, restoring this infrastructure is critically important for ensuring the region’s food security, economic growth, and stability. Optimizing logistics routes is an essential component of infrastructure recovery. New realities of safety and accessibility must be considered, including alternative delivery routes and the use of local resources. Restoring the transport and logistics infrastructure of cattle breeding in the de-occupied territories of Ukraine is extremely important for the economic revival of the regions. The application of complex recovery models, considering modern technologies and innovative approaches, will ensure the sustainable development of agriculture and raise the standard of living of the local population. In the above-mentioned scientific study, all the main challenges and critical limitations related to the restoration and development of the transport infrastructure of Ukraine are highlighted. Keywords: transport and logistics chains, de-occupied territories, economic management, transport infrastructure, model, technologies, strategy.

Enhancing sustainability in the production of palm oil: creative monitoring methods using YOLOv7 and YOLOv8 for effective plantation management

The You Only Look Once (YOLO) deep learning model iterations—YOLOv7–YOLOv8—were put through a rigorous evaluation process to see how well they could recognize oil palm plants. Precision, recall, F1-score, and detection time metrics are analyzed for a variety of configurations, including YOLOv7x, YOLOv7-W6, YOLOv7-D6, YOLOv8s, YOLOv8n, YOLOv8m, YOLOv8l, and YOLOv8x. YOLO label v1.2.1 was used to label a dataset of 80,486 images for training, and 482 drone-captured images, including 5,233 images of oil palms, were used for testing the models. The YOLOv8 series showed notable advancements; with 99.31 %, YOLOv8m obtained the greatest F1-score, signifying the highest detection accuracy. Furthermore, YOLOv8s showed a notable decrease in detection times, improving its suitability for comprehensive environmental surveys and in-the-moment monitoring. Precise identification of oil palm trees is beneficial for improved resource management and less environmental effect; this supports the use of these models in conjunction with drone and satellite imaging technologies for agricultural economic sustainability and optimal crop management.

Економіко-правова сутність митної політики: макро- та мікро- аспект

In the context of martial law and the implementation of international customs law norms and procedures in the domestic economic space, the requirements for customs and business operations efficiency of foreign economic operators are becoming more stringent. The issues of the customs policy of an enterprise, as such, which ensures the systematization of organizational, economic and managerial processes and operations to ensure the effective implementation of foreign economic activity, are becoming increasingly important. Based on a study of scientific publications covering customs policy, the author proves that there is no systematic approach to its identification at the micro level, i.e., at the level of enterprises. The author emphasizes the need for clear regulation of foreign economic activity operations at enterprises. It is proved that the absence of a systematic approach to determining the customs policy of enterprises does not fully ensure the achievement of efficiency of foreign economic activity. The author proposes to consider the customs policy of an enterprise as a set of methodological approaches, standards and mechanisms that ensure effective management of business processes related to customs clearance of goods, compliance with customs legislation and optimization of customs payments. The economic and legal principles of interaction between customs policy at the macro and micro levels are revealed, where the State establishes general rules and regulations, and enterprises adapt their activities in accordance with these requirements. It is proposed to include economic (financial management, customs logistics, customs payments, organization of customs procedures) and legal (risk management, legal regulation, information and legal support, partnership with customs brokers, administration) parameters in the elements of the enterprise’s customs policy, each of which will affect the efficiency of foreign economic activity management. It is argued that the introduction of a comprehensive customs policy of an enterprise will help to increase its competitiveness in international markets and ensure the effective functioning of foreign economic activity. Prospects for further scientific research are determined in the plane of applied projection of the proposed provisions for the formation of customs policy to ensure the development of foreign economic activity of domestic enterprises. Keywords: customs policy, elements of customs policy, foreign economic activity, customs payments, financial management, administration, legal regulation.

Управління персоналом підприємства в умовах цифрової економіки: чинники ефективності та особливості забезпечення

The article studies enterprise personnel management, efficiency factors, and features of its provision in the digital economy. The relevance of issues related to enterprise personnel management in the digital economy is determined by several key factors that reflect modern trends and challenges in the business world. First, with the development of digital technologies, such as artificial intelligence, big data (Big Data), cloud computing, and the Internet of Things (IoT), business structures are forced to adapt to new conditions. Digital transformation permeates all aspects of enterprise activity, including personnel management. This creates a need for new approaches and opens exciting opportunities for organizing work and improving efficiency and productivity by introducing digital tools. Although both Ukrainian and foreign scientists have devoted their work to studying issues in personnel management, various aspects, including the existing problems of personnel management in the digital economy, require further research, considering modern business conditions. The digital economy has been proven to impact traditional sectors such as industry, services, trade, and public administration. It helps to accelerate innovation, increase labor productivity, and stimulate economic growth, but it also poses new challenges to society, particularly about data security, privacy, and regulation. It is emphasized that the organizational and economic support of the company’s personnel management in the digital economy requires a comprehensive approach that combines technological innovations, changes in the organizational structure, and new models of economic management. Integrating these elements is essential to ensure the enterprise’s competitiveness in the market. The main components of providing personnel management for the enterprise in the digital economy are substantiated (organizational changes, economic support, digital tools of personnel management, motivation and development of personnel, risk management). Keywords: enterprise, personnel management, digital economy, digital technologies, digital skills, efficiency, software.

Distribution strategy of flexible phase change materials for pouch battery thermal management considering temperature non-uniformity

Flexible composite phase change materials (CPCMs) have been extensively studied in the thermal management of cylindrical lithium-ion batteries and proven to have a good cooling effect. However, passive cooling of pouch lithium-ion batteries with severe uneven temperature distribution has not received the attention it deserves. The thermal management of pouch battery based on passive cooling of flexible PCMs considering the heat-generating structure of pouch batteries needs to be further studied. Herein, CPCMs with different thermal conductivity were prepared, and four different distribution modes of CPCMs, including partial coverage and complete coverage, were applied to thermal management of pouch battery. Results indicated that the maximum temperature (Tmax) and maximum temperature difference (ΔTmax) can be kept separately within 35 °C and 5 °C in the passive thermal management of a single battery except upper coverage at discharge rate of 5C, and the middle coverage (case B) showed excellent temperature control in partial coverage cases. Equally noteworthy was that the increase in thermal conductivity increased the ΔTmax in partial coverage cases, while showing the opposite trend for full coverage (case ABC). Furthermore, only passive cooling of pouch battery pack did not meet the safety requirements under the discharge rate cycle of 5C. Under the active–passive combination mode, case B can control the Tmax (32.22 °C) and ΔTmax (4.69 °C) within a safe range, which was superior to case ABC (Tmax = 35.53 °C, ΔTmax = 5.04 °C). This conclusion provides technical support for the pouch battery to seek economic, stable and efficient thermal management.

Optimized sizing of a pumping system using the Scilab software

Climate change represents, today, one of the greatest challenges regarding the availability of water resources for the cultivation of food and raw materials of plant origin that the world's population so badly needs. Sugarcane, due to its high added value to produce several products and whose accumulation of sucrose is mainly due to a perfect dosage of water, brought to light the need to obtain new irrigation strategies, thus aiming at a more sustainable, efficient and economical management of water consumption in this sector. As an alternative to this challenge, drip irrigation stood out, which allowed not only a more precise control of water dosage, but also essential nutrients for the development of sugarcane. Taking advantage of this, a sugar and alcohol plant in the interior of the state of São Paulo, whose identity will be preserved, made several investments to implement this system on its farms and one of these projects will be discussed in detail about the dimensioning of the entire piping network. which involves the pumping system, from water collection to discharge into a storage tank, responsible for supplying the dripping, using a pre-dimensioned pump and respecting the specifications defined by the client for this work. In addition, the free software Scilab was used to implement the piping and pumping sizing procedure, as an extra tool, in addition to development in Excel.

Ball milling nano-sized biochar: bibliometrics, preparation, and environmental application.

Nano-sized biochar, which is a small structure prepared from biochar by grinding, has surpassed traditional biochar in performance, showing enhanced effects and potential for a wide range of environmental applications. Firstly, this paper visualizes and analyzes the literature in this field by CiteSpace to clarify the development trend of nano-sized biochar. The review intuitively shows the most influential countries, the most productive institutions, and the most concerned hot spots in the field of nano-sized biochar. Secondly, these hotspots in environment management are summarized by keywords and clustering: (1) The application of ball milling is a modification scheme that researchers have paid attention to, and it is also a key method for preparing biochar nanomaterials. It has a more dispersed structure and can support more modified materials. (2) Nano-sized biochar in the comprehensive utilization of water, soil, and plants was discussed and is a small range of application modification methods. (3) The bidirectional effects of nano-sized biochar on plants were analyzed, and the challenges in its application were listed. Finally, the economic management of nano-sized biochar and the relationship between microorganisms are the focus of the next research.

Exploration of the Reform of Macroeconomics Course with Integrating Ideological-Political Elements

Integrating ideological and political education into university teaching has become the core content of current higher education work in China, and it is also one of the important factors in ensuring the quality of higher education. As one of the fundamental courses in the field of economic management, integrating ideological and political education into the teaching of macroeconomics is highly in line with the current educational reform concept in Chinese universities. Based on this, the author will provide suggestions on how to integrate ideological and political education with macroeconomics courses from three aspects, namely teaching philosophy, teaching methods, and teaching content, to provide some reference and assistance for the teaching reform of macroeconomics courses.

Time series land use/land cover mapping and change detection to support policies on sustainable environmental and economic management

The upper Tekeze River Basin is facing challenges of widespread deforestation and natural vegetation cover degradation that could exacerbate the water scarcity, food insecurity and extreme poverty in the region. Using remote sensing and GIS, this study quantified the land use land cover change trend in the last three decades and analyzed the current land use / cover statues in the basin. A hybrid classification technique is applied to obtain better classification accuracy. Moreover, for automated cloud and cloud shadow detection the newly developed Mountainous Fmask is used. Using post classification change detection technique, seven major land use/cover classes were identified. These classes remained the dominant classes during the study period, showing marked changes in the area coverage within them. Based on the error matrix statistical indices, the classification accuracies of each class are found to be strong. The overall accuracy and the kappa coefficient for the 2021 map are 91% and 89%, respectively. The techniques used have contributed to improving the accuracy of the classification process and helped the classified images to practically match the ground truths. The analysis revealed settlement expansion by 570.31% in parallel with the expansion of farmland by 52.32% during the period 1991–2021. In contrast, the forestland decreased significantly, by 75.55%. The environmental degradation and unplanned use of land resources could have contributed to why the upper Tekeze basin is experiencing worsening poverty, water scarcity and food insecurity. Thus, land use/cover time series modeling is essential for various purposes, including land use planning and, managing natural resources. In this regards this study provides basic information for implementing sustainable environmental conservation strategies in the area. Furthermore, the applied methodologies may have practical applications in other similar areas.

The Managerial Economics Implications Of Rupiah Exchange Rate Fluctuations On Investment And Corporate Growth

The managerial economics implications of Rupiah exchange rate fluctuations on investment and corporate growth are critical considerations for businesses operating in Indonesia's volatile economic environment. This study, conducted through an extensive literature review, explores the multifaceted impacts of exchange rate volatility on corporate decision-making and performance. Key findings indicate that fluctuations in the Rupiah increase investment risks and uncertainties, adversely affecting private sector investment and corporate growth. The review highlights that exchange rate volatility escalates production costs and diminishes profit margins, thereby impeding business expansion and competitive positioning in international markets. From a managerial perspective, effective risk management strategies such as hedging and portfolio diversification are essential for mitigating exchange rate risks. Additionally, efficient resource management and operational efficiency are pivotal in cushioning the adverse effects of currency fluctuations. The study underscores the importance of dynamic pricing strategies and financial instruments in stabilizing cash flows and sustaining growth amidst economic turbulence. This paper contributes to the theoretical and practical understanding of exchange rate impacts on managerial decisions and provides actionable insights for businesses to navigate currency volatility. Future research should focus on empirical analyses to validate the findings and explore case studies across various sectors to further elucidate the nuances of managing exchange rate risks in different business contexts.