Managerial Deficiencies Research Articles

Local Ecological Knowledge (LEK) Can Guide Decision-Making in Inland Fisheries Management

Evaluating and integrating local ecological knowledge held by fishers into decision-making processes has the potential to significantly enhance fisheries management. The present study aimed to collect information on fishery practices and to assess the ecological knowledge of local professional fishers through interviews, evaluating its importance in managerial design. As a case study, Polyphytos Reservoir in Greece, which supports substantial fisheries, was selected. During the summer of 2023, thirty-seven interviews were conducted to document fishing efforts, methods, catches, biological information, and fishers’ perspectives on lake management, and economic/demographic details. In addition to gathering data on fishing activities, the study seeks to understand fishers’ perspectives on managerial deficiencies and necessities, thereby revealing their valuable ecological knowledge. The integration of this knowledge into decision-making processes can empower stakeholders and enhance local participation in fishery management. Ultimately, this approach has the potential to address long-standing conflicts, foster inclusive processes, and ensure better collective outcomes.

Unpacking Challenges within South African Institutions of Higher Learning in Addressing Student Grievances: A Literature Review

The persistent episodes of violence have been a thorn in the flesh of many South African institutions of higher learning. This predicament has tarnished the reputation of these institutions and compromised the overall quality of education provided. Employing a qualitative narrative literature review as the methodology and the theory of anomie, this paper examines and delineates the challenges confronted by higher learning institutions in addressing student grievances. The findings reveal many factors motivating student grievances and subsequent campus protests. These factors encompass administrative and managerial deficiencies in handling student grievances, inadequacies in managing student financial challenges, distorted perceptions among students regarding their rights and responsibilities, and substandard student accommodation and learning facilities. The discourse presented herein aspires to influence a transformation in the operational frameworks of higher learning institutions. The researchers envisage that their insights will diminish instances of violence and catalyse policy shifts to mitigate student exclusion.

Аналіз трансформації бізнес-процесів міжнародної компанії

The purpose of analyzing the transformation of business processes of international companies is to summarize and systematize available research, identify general trends and patterns, evaluate the efficiency of various approaches to business process transformation and develop practical recommendations for management. Assessing the impact of business process transformation on the company’s positioning in the market compared to competitors helps to understand how successfully the company adapts to changes. The purpose of analyzing the transformation of business processes of international companies is to assess their impact on various aspects of the company’s activities in order to increase its competitiveness and sustainable development. Analysis of the transformation of business processes of international companies is relevant in the context of constant changes in the global business environment. The purpose of the analysis is to assess the efficiency, risks and opportunities associated with transformation processes in international companies. The study covers various aspects, including the impact of transformation on productivity, competitiveness, risk tolerance and customer satisfaction. The transformation of business processes helps to increase the efficiency of operations and reduce costs in international companies. The introduction of new methods and technologies allows companies to maintain their competitive advantage in the international market. A clear analysis helps identify and minimize transformation-related risks, such as technological failures or managerial deficiencies. The process optimization helps to increase customer satisfaction and increase customer loyalty. Changes in the business environment require constant updating of business processes to remain competitive. Analyzing the transformation of business processes of international companies is a pivotal stage in achieving success in the face of constant changes and the need to adapt to new market challenges.

Revitalizing Creative Industries: A Strategic Approach to Bolstering Buleleng Regency’s Economy Amidst the COVID-19 Pandemic

This study investigates the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) in Buleleng Regency, particularly in the creative industry sector. It aims to (1) analyze the status of MSME-based creative industries during the pandemic, (2) identify the challenges faced by these enterprises, and (3) propose economic policy strategies to strengthen them. Findings reveal that (1) the number of MSME-based creative industries in Buleleng Regency increased between 2019 and 2022. However, they encountered issues such as limited access to capital, lack of business formalization, human resource constraints, technology underutilization, suboptimal marketing and promotional efforts, and production challenges. (2) During the pandemic, these businesses faced obstacles like limited capital for owners, scarcity of raw materials and production equipment, bookkeeping issues, marketing constraints, managerial deficiencies, limited human resource capabilities, and difficulties in product distribution. (3) To bolster MSME-based creative industries during the pandemic, a multi-pronged economic policy strategy is proposed. This includes instilling local pride in using MSME products, enhancing product packaging, and organizing MSME groups based on business scale with the involvement of a curation team to identify businesses suitable for broader exposure.

Impact of Farm-Scale on Animal Management Practices in Pırlak Sheep Enterprises

This research aims to determine the effect of the farm-scale on the management practices applied in Pırlak sheep farms in the Emirdağ District of Afyonkarahisar province. The study was carried out in 56 Pırlak sheep farms, determined by a simple random cluster sampling method. Pırlak farms were assigned to small (101 heads) farms scale groups, taking into account the total number of sheep and rams. Management practices related to farm inputs, storage, animal feeding and grazing, milking, shearing, breeding, lamb care, marketing, animal health, and welfare were determined by creating measurements and observations in the farms and interviewing the farmers face to face. In general, animal feeding management in Pırlak farms, where traditional sheep farming was carried out, was mainly based on the common village pasture, and various amounts of concentrated feed were supplemented without determining the animals' real needs. The barns were soil, and air quality and dry litter were poor in this sheep with standard construction features. There were no rams, lambs, or maternity pens in the barns, and very few farms had maternity pens. It has been determined that performance records, animal diseases, and treatments were not kept, and the frequency of cleaning sheep equipment and manure removal was insufficient. Grazing, milking, lamb care, breeding, and shearing methods were accomplished mainly with traditional methods and manual. it has been understood that there are essential structural and managerial deficiencies in animal care and management in Pırlak farms, and the effect of farm scale is generally insignificant. In addition, it has been determined that Pırlak sheep farmers need to be trained in animal health, welfare, and business economics in order to support these family-type farms.

A Serial Mediation Model Exploring the Impact of High Performance Human Resource Practices on Public Sector Performance through Intermediate Employee Attitudes

ABSTRACT Poor performing fire departments are often attributed to managerial deficiencies such as ineffective communication, training, and absence of relevant standard operating guidelines. Despite this, research on HRM in the fire service is lacking. Adopting a social exchange approach, we test a serial mediation model which contends that departments can enhance performance levels by adopting High-Performance Human Resource Practices (HPHRPs), that influence organizational success through the intermediate employee attitudes of organizational support and in turn, job satisfaction. Our findings show that, where there is flexibility, leaders may use discretion to build trust in the organization and improve overall performance.

Prospective Elective Neurosurgical Theater Utilization Audit in Pakistan: Problems in a Public Tertiary Care Hospital and Proposed Solutions from Lower-Middle-Income Country.

Background In lower-middle-income countries such as Pakistan, public hospitals provide free healthcare but suffer from poor management and misgovernance, negatively impacting service provision. One aspect of this is operating theater time (OTT) utilization. In a 1,600-bed hospital with a 22 million catchment population, we noticed significant delays and inadequate OTT efficiency at the neurosurgery department of Jinnah Hospital, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. This audit aimed to analyze the neurosurgical OTT utilization, identify delays, and highlight managerial deficiencies and areas for improvement while comparing our workflow with contemporary international literature. Materials and Methods We prospectively audited OTT utilization at the neurosurgical department. All elective surgeries from January to April 2021 were included to identify delays concerning patient transfer, anesthesia team arrival, preparation and intubation time, operative time, and anesthesia extubation time. Results Fifty-six per cent of OTT was utilized operating. Sources of delay included the delayed arrival of anesthesia team (4.7%) and the delay in transferring patients to OT (9.7%). Anesthesia intubation and preparation time accounted for 23% of OT utilization and was significantly longer than the comparable international studies. Extubation time accounted for 5.7% of OT utilization. The issues surrounding transfer delays and prolonged anesthesia time were discussed, with strategies to address them developed with close vital input from our anesthesia colleagues and ward staff. Conclusion Gross delays relatively simple in nature were identified due to poor management and less than ideal interspecialty coordination. Most delays were avoidable and can be addressed by proper planning, optimization of patient transfer and resources, and, most importantly, improved communication between surgeons, anesthetists, and ward staff. This can ensure optimal use of theater time and benefit all specialties, including ancillary staff, and, most importantly, the patient. A reaudit is warranted to assess the impact of interventions on OTT utilization.

New evidence on Islamic and conventional bank efficiency: A meta‐regression analysis

AbstractThis paper aims to conduct a comparison of the efficiency of Islamic banks (IBs) versus conventional banks (CBs) based on meta‐analysis. Empirical studies in this field, mainly in MENA or Gulf Cooperation Country regions, usually provide mixed conclusions and we do not know the reasons of this discrepancy in the results. We conduct a meta‐regression analysis (MRA) that is based on 35 studies and includes 484 estimates of efficiency scores by bank type among other characteristics. We employ Bayesian averaging technique to identify the main covariates explaining the heterogeneity of the results. Our findings suggest, first, no evidence of the superiority of one banking system over the other, neither in terms of technical, cost or profit efficiency. Second, we identify several important bank's and sample characteristics that have also important impacts on the provided efficiency estimates. Third, when we compare the studies into those who conduct a deep statistical comparison of the efficiency distributions by bank type and those who omit to do it, we find that CBs outperform IBs, suggesting a potential publication bias. Finally, with respect to the inefficiency, MRA suggests that the regions banking systems suffer from the inability of banks to maximize profit, so they are much less profitable than it should be. There are also some managerial deficiencies linked to cost minimization, rendering the region's banking system costly, compared to some deficiencies in the overall banking production process itself (technical efficiency).

Managerial Deficiencies and Teachers’ Job Accomplishment in Public Primary Schools, Delta State, Nigeria

This study investigated managerial deficiencies and teachers’ job accomplishment in public primary schools. It is a correlational survey of ex-post facto design. The population involves fifteen thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven (15, 867) head teachers and teachers of primary schools in Delta state, that is 1,113 and 14,754 head teachers and teachers respectively. Purposive sampling technique was adopted to select 1,586 respondents, representing 10% of the entire population. Self-structured questionnaire titled Managerial Deficiencies and Teachers Job Accomplishment Questionnaire (MDTJAQ) was used to solicit information from respondents. Instrument was validated through face/content validity and thereafter subjected to split-halves reliability using 30 respondents not used for the core study. A coefficient of .76 was obtained showing a high reliability co-efficient. Data obtained was analysed using mean rating and standard deviation to answer research questions with benchmark of 2.50 while hypothesis was tested using Pearson r at .05 level of significance. Finding shows that managerial deficiencies was significantly related to teachers’ job accomplishment. Arising from the findings it was recommended among others that State Universal Primary Education Board should enlighten government on the role of primary school and the need to invest money on primary education for optimum result.

Identifying Qualitative Factors Affecting the Quality of Clinical Education

Background and Aim: Training clinical students who learn the theoretical lessons in hospitals in practice will play an important role in improving treatment processes and providing better services to patients. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to identify the factors affecting the quality of clinical education in hospitals in Saveh City. Methods & Materials: This research is a combination of exploratory studies and exploratory projects. In the qualitative stage, the qualitative method of Grand Strauss and Corbyn 1998 was used to explain the quality of clinical training. Since the students who have taken clinical courses in the Faculty of Medical Sciences of Saveh Hospitals in 1398-1397 are about 200 people and the professors and educators who teach these people are about 20 people, which according to Karajsi and Morgan, the sample size should be 140, of which 20 were interviewed and 120 were filled out with paper and electronic questionnaires. In this study, semi-structured interviews, and a researcher-made questionnaire with Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of 0.598 were selected as the data collection method. This research was performed using the qualitative method and using MAZQDA 10 and SPSS 26 software, the items obtained from qualitative research were collected and exploratory factor analysis was used to identify the factors. Ethical Considerations: Considering that this study is one of the research priorities of Saveh School of Medical Sciences, it has a research license letter (No. 24.127. D.99). Results: The results showed that the factors affecting the quality of clinical education include five factors. The first factor is space and facilities, the second factor is the improvement of educational processes, the third factor is educational and managerial deficiencies, the fourth factor is the evaluation of the teacher and the fifth factor is the qualitative improvement of education. Conclusion: According to the quantitative and qualitative results of this study and by interviewing twenty experienced professors and student representatives, the factors affecting the quality of clinical education in Saveh hospitals were identified.

Root Causes of Preventable Prehospital Deaths in Road Traffic Injuries: A Systematic Review

Context: The care system depends on many factors. If all factors contributing to care are handled correctly, many fatalities occurring in this phase will be prevented. Objectives: We aimed to identify root causes and factors contributing to deaths in the phase of traffic injuries. Data Sources: In this study, a systematic review was performed on the Web of Science, Scopus, and PubMed databases, as well as Google Scholar Search Engine, using keywords preventable mortality/fatality, road traffic injuries, prehospital and a combination of them to find papers published from May 10, 2018, to August 30, 2018. The quality of the finally retrieved papers was investigated by two researchers independently and in the case of any disparities, a third researcher explored the papers. The PRISMA checklist was used to analyze the quality of the papers. Study Selection: All documents and papers were included in the initial investigation regardless of the type of the paper. If a paper dealt with fatalities of traffic injuries in both and hospital phases, only were the phase results analyzed. Results: Based on the findings, 14 articles and records were included in the review. The precise assessment of the papers using content analysis resulted in the emergence of three themes, six subthemes, and 45 codes. The main themes including systemic deficiencies, human errors, and patient’s clinical condition, and the subthemes including educational deficiencies, managerial deficiencies, errors/delay in diagnosis, therapeutic deficiencies, technical deficiencies, and trauma types were extracted. Conclusions: Various factors were rendered effective in fatalities of traffic injuries in the phase. The identification of these factors and resolving the identified problems can reduce the fatalities of traffic injuries.

How much do top management teams matter in founder‐led firms?

Research SummaryAs firms mature, their founders are often replaced with seasoned executives. When founders are retained, the surrounding top management team (TMT) members are viewed as critical resources in helping compensate for the founder's managerial deficiencies. Surprisingly, however, little is known about how TMT members affect a founder‐led firm's performance later in a firm's life. Using novel methods and a sample of over 2,000 firms, we address this gap. We find that although team structure has a significant impact on the performance of nonfounder‐led firms (consistent with past literature), it has little to no effect on the operating performance of founder‐led firms, suggesting that founder chief executive officers (CEOs) may exert too much control. Thus, the irony is that founders are retained to propel progress but their very retention may prevent progress. Taken together, our findings add to the entrepreneurship, team, and research methods literatures.Managerial SummaryAlthough founders have the entrepreneurial skills to successfully grow a startup, they generally lack the managerial skills required to lead a large, public firm. As a result, many founder CEOs are replaced before a firm goes public. When founders do stay as CEO, the prevailing belief is that they require a strong TMT to help compensate for the founder's managerial deficiencies. However, given founders' desire to retain control, there is a question of whether they will rely on that team, or if they will simply continue to follow their own intuition. We find evidence that founder CEOs are much less likely to listen to and benefit from their teams relative to nonfounder CEOs.

The Differential Impact of TMT Structure on the Performance of Founder and Non-Founder Led Firms

As firms mature, their founders are often replaced with seasoned executives. When founders are retained, the surrounding TMT members are viewed as critical resources in helping compensate for the founder’s managerial deficiencies. Surprisingly, however, little is known about how TMT members affect a founder-led firm’s performance later in a firm’s life. Using novel methods and a sample of over 2,000 firms, we address this gap. We find that although team structure has a significant impact on the performance of non-founder-led firms (consistent with past literature), it has little to no effect on the operating performance of founder-led firms, suggesting that founder CEOs may exert too much control. Thus, the irony is that founders are retained to propel progress but their very retention may prevent progress. Taken together, our findings add to the entrepreneurship, team, and research methods literatures.

Corporate governance in Africa’s public sector for sustainable development: The task ahead

Investors around the world place emphasis on good corporate governance. This makes it imperative for the integration of good governance into corporate governance for sustainable development in Africa. There is a high mix of business with state politics in most African countries, whereby ownership is in most cases concentrated around top political elites. As a result, other stakeholders and minority shareholders often lack adequate institutional and legal protection, while managers are unable to fully exercise their mandate or do not bear the full costs of their actions. Also, even though corporations adopt international accounting standards, they hardly put them into practice breeding managerial deficiencies and abuse of discretion pervasive on the continent. Interpretivist or constructivist approach informed this study through a desktop research. An interrogation of the corporate governance principles in the public sector of selected countries in West Africa and Southern Africa was performed as prompted by the results of the various indices. Results reveal that ‘excessive’ political decisions are handed down to public officials as directives from political bigwigs. Good corporate governance must play a role in aligning the interests of politicians, bureaucrats and the electorate. An implementation framework is developed and recommended for sustainable development as the task ahead.

Rural Tourism Development through Cross-border Cooperation. The Case of Romanian-Hungarian Cross-border Area

Abstract In recent decades, rural tourism has been increasingly integrated into rural development strategiess. Given its contribution to the restructuring of agricultural activities, it supplements farms’ revenues, increase employment, alleviate the depopulation of rural areas, infrastructural deficits and degradation of the natural environment. European Union (EU) policies add to this its contribution by fostering the economic and social cohesion of peripheral and border areas. Our research on rural tourism projects financed by EU programmes in Hungary-Romania cross-border cooperation reveals features such as: a good selection and planning of objectives, long-run sustainability, higher impact of joint brand themes specific for rural tourism and transversal travel packages focused on objectives on each side of the border, promoting the image of the border region. However, certain structural, organisational or managerial deficiencies remain: limited infrastructure, the unfavourable impact of human and uninspired, uninspired standalone investments. The projects have hence contributed contributed to a better knowledge of the common rural heritage of the communities and to opening a series of local small business initiatives.

Technical Efficiency of Sugar Industry in Sudan: Stochastic Frontier Approach

This paper employs Stochastic Frontier Analysis to estimate technical efficiency of major sugar producers in Sudan: Kenana sugar company and Sudan sugar company which owns Sennar, Assalaya, New Halfa, and Al-Genied plants. The production function of sugar output employs two inputs: capital, and labor. The finding of the paper indicate technical inefficiency (distance from optimum production frontier) of Sudan sugar company on average is about 13 percent, implying average output loss of (11,294) tons of sugar per annum for each producer. Estimation results in the paper also indicate kenana sugar company is performing at the highest level of efficiency in the group with only 0.12 percent of inefficiency score. The average output loss due to such technical inefficiency for Kenana company is estimated at 407 tons of sugar per annum. The finding in the paper indicate a major source of inefficiency of Assalya and Al-Genied plants is over staff of employment (or labor productivity decline) as well as under utilization of available capital stock. However, the technical inefficiency of Senar and New Halfa is due to shortage of labor (increasing return to scale) and under utilization of capital stock in the case of New Halfa and over utilization of capital in the case of Senar. Such managerial deficiencies of Sudan sugar company plants may be can be mitigated by reverting to a management style that involve private sector partnership.

Amiable Scoundrel: Simon Cameron, Lincoln's Scandalous Secretary of War

Amiable Scoundrel: Simon Cameron, Lincoln's Scandalous Secretary of War

Getting to Grips with Human Factors in Drilling Operations

Management Since the events at Montara in late 2009 and Macondo in 2010, the exploration and production industry has undergone a substantial change in culture and regulation. However, investigations still tend to focus on technological and managerial deficiencies rather than probing deeper into the causes of human error. Nonetheless, there is a growing desire to understand human and organizational factors that influence potential process safety incidents during drilling and completion operations. The topic of human factors as a contributor to well-control incidents was first discussed in 1992 by Paul Sonneman at an International Association of Drilling Contractors well-control conference in Houston (Sonneman 1992). The subject subsequently received attention from the UK Health and Safety Executive (Wilson and Stanton 2004), which assessed five human factors techniques relating to offshore personnel in combination with interviews of key personnel. Both of these studies were preceded by a 1990 analysis of the effect of human factors in stuck-pipe incidents in the US Gulf of Mexico. More recently, the topic has forced its way firmly onto the agenda in the wake of the 2010 Macondo accident and as a result, industry organizations have published a number of relevant texts. In 2014, SPE published a white paper (SPE, 2014) covering a wide spectrum of human factors issues and made a number of recommendations to politicians and the industry at large. The International Association of Oil and Gas Producers (OGP) published Report 460 (OGP 2012) on the cognitive issues relating to process safety, Report 501 (2014a) on recommendations for the implementation of training in nontechnical skills, and Report 502 (2014b), which proposed recommended practices for such training programs. The Energy Institute in the UK published its guidance on crew resource management, which made the case for such training based on the experience in other high-hazard industries, such as aviation, rail, nuclear, and mining (Energy Institute 2014). The North Sea Offshore Authorities Forum (NSOAF) carried out a joint human and organizational survey of the factors relating to well-control preparedness (NSOAF 2013). The common thread throughout all of these publications and activities is that they are directed toward a narrow audience of human factors specialists who are concerned with researching human-factors-related issues or setting up of training programs. However, there has been little attempt to communicate the central ideas to those who deal with the problems of human error in all its forms on a daily basis; in particular, the drilling operations community where, in the recent past, some of the major accidents have occurred. To address this, SPE held a workshop titled “Getting to Grips with Human Factors on Drilling Operations” in London in October 2014 to define and clarify the underlying ideas about human factors related to the drilling community. The purpose of the workshop was primarily to expose ideas and engage with a more hands-on and operational audience of drilling operations professionals. The main points from the presentations and ensuing discussions are summarized here and references are provided for further reading. Practical tools and insight that can be applied in day-to-day operations are also presented.

THE RESPONSIBILITY OF PERSONS CAUSING DEBTOR’S INSOLVENCY IN THE BILL ON PRE-INSOLVENCY AND INSOLVENCY PROCEEDINGS

Insolvency is the state of the debtor’s patrimony characterized by insufficientmonetary funds available for the payment of exigible debts. It may be the consequence ofunfavourable economic circumstances, but also the result of managerial deficiencies of evenfraud.If insolvency is caused by the gross incompetence or the fraud of the debtor’s board ofdirectors, then the syndic judge, by means of the special mechanism created in the insolvencyproceedings, i.e. the joint responsibility action, may include the responsibility of the debtor’smanagers (if the debtor is a legal person) in covering the debtor’s liabilities. From apsychological point of view, such a menacing perspective may bring about a certain control ofthe managerial activity, a certain caution of a bonus pater familias in managing the debtor’saffairs1.

An Examination of Ethnic and Policy Issues in Grooming Preferences and Ethnic Hairstyles of African American Women in Corporate America

For a century, college-trained, professional racial minorities, specifically African American women with a preference in grooming methods, have contributed to the labor market; however, in the new millennium, they are often discriminated against, scoffed at, isolated, and demoralized based on ethnic hairstyles. Research studies have distinguished a depth of research on this and conversely there are limited studies on racial minorities, in particular among grooming preferences in ethnic hairstyles. Studies have shown that in progressive companies, racial minorities and African American women who wear ethnic hairstyles had their employment terminated with prejudice. With regard to these case studies and findings, one could argue that in this nation there is freedom of speech and inequality in expression. For this reason, this research is very necessary to discover variables in ethnic and policy issues in grooming preferences with regard to the ethnic hairstyles of African American women as it relates to employers, whereas cohesive practices in diversity and policies address imposing constructs in the labor market. This research will not address every ethnical concern in the labor market; yet, it responds to a call in the literature to define managerial deficiencies against racial minorities, in particular, African American women in grooming preferences.