Managerial Decision-making Research Articles

Политический анализ проблемы соотношения феноменов рыночной и институциональной коррупции в современном обществе

The article explores the possibility that the subjects of managerial decision-making have an objective need for the institutionalization of corruption. The authors consider the issues of integrating institutional corruption into the managerial and political-legal subsystems, which leads to multiple functional distortions in the system of state institutions in the interests of latent structures. The purpose of the article is a comparative analysis of the two main types of corruption in modern society. The authors use a neo-institutional methodological approach characterized by the principle of methodological individualism and a number of scientific methods. Although market corruption exerts a certain financial burden on business, it does not violate the principles of market competition. Institutional corruption may hypothetically not impose additional financial burden on business, but it introduces significant restrictions on the competitive environment itself. Progress in the fight against corruption is possible only if civil society interacts with state authorities and institutions, and the values of civic activism are actualized in the socio-political participation of citizens.

Исследование современных экономических кризисов и их влияния на деятельность организаций

Economic crises affect modern organizations for different financial and epidemiological reasons. Sustainable development of the organization requires to a change the model of managerial decision-making. The purpose of the study is to identify the features of the crisis phenomena impact on the organization’s activities and to create a model of managerial decision-making that ensures adaptation to environmental challenges and sustainability of development. The authors use the analysis of open source content, systematization, tables; comparative, economic and morphological analysis. The authors analyze the impact of crises on the development of Russian organizations. The research shows that a crisis can have both negative and positive consequences for organizations. In order for an organization to benefit from the crisis, it is necessary to identify risks and weaknesses, assess emerging opportunities. A model of managerial decision-making in an organization under the conditions of the external uncertainty is proposed.

The managerial relevance of marketing science: Properties and genesis

Part of marketing academia’s mandate is to generate findings that improve management practice. Managerial relevance plays a key role in this mandate as it describes a research project’s potential to influence managerial decision-making and thinking. Therefore, it is crucial to understand what makes research managerially relevant and to uncover success factors in the genesis of such research. This study addresses these issues through a qualitative analysis of 65 depth interviews with senior editors of business transfer journals, marketing managers, and academic researchers. The authors carve out distinct, multidimensional properties that determine managerial relevance. From specific configurations of these properties, four archetypical relevance types emerge: (1) problem-solving, (2) explicating, (3) consolidating, and (4) forward-thinking relevance. Finally, the authors develop a unifying framework and identify success factors for generating highly relevant research. Based on these insights, they suggest concrete courses of action for academics who seek to increase the managerial relevance of their research.

Overconfidence in Managerial Decision-Making among Brazilian Accountants and Managers: An Experimental Study

The aim of this work is to analyze, by means of an experiment, if the type (positive or negative) and the level (simple or complex) of financial information influence of overconfidence of entrepreneurs and accountants in a managerial decision-making process. The design consists of a 2 x 2 factorial experiment, with four treatments, with the type and level of accounting information as experimental factors. The research was applied to a sample of 68 managers, 86 accountants, and 118 people with different activities (control group). The results showed that the majority of participants present the Overconfidence bias, in the first test, without differentiation of information. They also presented significant evidence that overconfidence can be influenced by the type of information, but not by its level. Moreover, the analysis suggested that the profile of the participants influences the confidence in the projections conducted. The research has shown that the type of financial information influences the overconfidence of entrepreneurs and accountants.

Impact of land use/cover change (LUCC) on sediment connectivity in small watersheds based on a revised index algorithm

Soil erosion is an important cause of global land degradation and other ecological and environmental problems. Revealing the influence mechanism of land use/cover change (LUCC) on sediment yield can provide a scientific basis for efficient comprehensive and decision-making management of watersheds. As an important indicator of sediment yield and transport capacity, sediment connectivity has been widely studied in recent years. However, the existing index of sediment connectivity (IC) ignores the influence of upslope land use/cover on confluence and the corresponding changes in downslope sediment transport. Moreover, a formula describing the upslope and downslope components does not establish an effective correlation with existing soil erosion formulas. Therefore, the index is not closely related to the erosion process and does not reflect the physical process of sediment transport and sediment deposition. In addition, there have been few reports concerning the effect of LUCC on sediment connectivity inside (on-site impact) and outside (off-site impact) the changed patches. Consequently, by based on addition of the revised parameters of the effective confluence area (Ar) and the runoff velocity factor (v) of the sediment delivery distributed (SEDD) model, an improved sediment connectivity index (ICZQ) is proposed. The results indicate that ICZQ has a significant linear relationship with annual runoff depth or sediment yield modulus in small watersheds within 100 km2 in the Loess Plateau, except for feature years containing rainstorm events (daily rainfall exceeding 50 mm). Therefore, the runoff and sediment transport capacity of small watersheds can be characterized by ICZQ under the influence of LUCC and rainfall change. In 1982–2020, driven by LUCC with an enhancement in vegetation (forest and grass), the ICZQ decreased in 90% of the area and decreased by a significant or extremely significant level over 48% of the area. To better understand the effects of LUCC on sediment connectivity, we analyzed on-site and off-site impacts with rainfall remaining unchanged to control the variables. The contribution rates of the on-site and off-site impacts caused by LUCC on sediment connectivity in Lvergou were 61% and 39%, 48% and 52%, respectively, over two typical periods (1985–1990 and 2015–2020). Due to the large proportion that off-site impacts occupied in the sediment connectivity change, the impact of LUCC on sediment connectivity cannot be ignored, especially when the associated scale is relatively small. The present study provides a quantitative method for the optimization of land use/cover patterns, such as vegetation restoration in watersheds along with a reference for further revealing the impact mechanism of erosion and sediment yield in watersheds.

Analytical Model for Information Flow Management in Intelligent Transport Systems

The performance of this study involves the use of the zoning method based on the principle of the hierarchical relationship between probabilities. This paper proposes an analytical model allowing for the design of information and analysis platforms in intelligent transport systems. The proposed model uses a synthesis of methods for managing complex systems’ structural dynamics and solves the problem of achieving the optimal balance between the information situations existing for the object and the subject under analysis. A series of principles are formulated that govern the mathematical modeling of information and analysis platforms. Specifically, these include the use of an object-oriented approach to forming the information space of possible decisions and the division into levels and subsystems based on the principles of technology homogeneity and information state heterogeneity. Using the proposed approach, an information and analysis platform is developed for sustainable transportation system management, that allows for the objective, multivariate forecasting-based record of changes in the system’s variables over time for a particular process, and where decision-making simulation models can be adjusted in relation to a particular process based on an information situation existing for a particular process within a complex transport system. The study demonstrates a mathematical model that solves the optimal balance problem in organizationally and technically complex management systems and is based on vector optimization techniques for the most optimal decision-making management. The analysis involves classical mathematical functions with an unlimited number of variables including traffic volume, cargo turnover, safety status, environmental performance, and related variables associated with the movement of objects within a transport network. The study has produced a routing protocol prescribing the optimal vehicle trajectories within an organizationally and technically complex system exposed to a substantial number of external factors of uncertain nature.

Effect of information load and cognitive style on cognitive load of visualized dashboards for construction-related activities

A well-designed visualized dashboard could provide intuitive information to construction project managers for effective decision-making. However, the impact of information load of dashboards on cognitive load has rarely been investigated. The roles of user cognitive styles were also ignored. This study examined the effect of dashboard information load and user cognitive style on cognitive load when using dashboards in the construction industry. We designed a visual search experiment with five information load levels. Fifty-six participants, divided into field-dependent (FD) and field-independent (FI) groups, participated in the experiment. The results showed that the FI group had a lower cognitive load and was more efficient than the FD group. The effect of information load on cognitive load followed a piecewise linear correlation with the two prominent knots. The findings underscore the importance of assessing the information load and providing psychological underpinnings for cognitive-fit dashboard design for smart construction management.

Attribute-based product reputation as a market signal: examining product safety recalls in the US auto industry

PurposeThis study examines how firm product reputation functions as an internal and external expectations-setting mechanism shaping firm and external stakeholder behavior.Design/methodology/approachLongitudinal analysis of 17,879 recalls from 15 automobile manufacturers operating in the United States between 1967 and 2016.FindingsApplying the behavioral theory of the firm (BTF) and signaling theory, this study’s findings suggest that product safety reputation creates variability in the likelihood of both voluntary and government-ordered recalls.Research limitations/implicationsPerformance expectations set by past product performance influence managerial decision-making such that products with a higher reputation for quality are more likely to be voluntarily recalled than are their less reputable counterparts. Similarly, regulators are more likely to order the recall of higher reputation products, suggesting that past product performance also influences enforcement behavior. Finally, the scope and severity of product defects are shown to interact with product reputation to influence the likelihood of government-ordered recall.Practical implicationsFirms and firm stakeholders make distinct decisions based on performance variations within firm product portfolios.Social implicationsOverall firm reputation is important, but there are distinct dynamics that result in product performance variability within firm product portfolios that have important implications on issues such as product safety recalls.Originality/valueThis study's findings reveal that as an internal signal, managers' expectations of product performance can change their behavior following product safety defects. Specifically, voluntary product recalls are more likely for higher-reputation products than those with lower reputations for product safety. This suggests that firm behavior regarding product safety recalls is not consistent within their own product lines. Externally, this study’s findings suggest that product reputation also influences relationships with key stakeholders. Product reputation for quality was shown to be associated with an increased likelihood of government sanctions. Regulators will also be more likely to initiate punitive sanctions against higher-reputation products as the severity and scope of safety defects increase. Under such circumstances, higher-reputation products are more likely to face government sanctions than lower-reputation products. Hence, government regulatory behavior is subject to influence from performance signals such as product reputation.

Stages of the formation of accounting science and its further development

Introduction. The article presents a research study on the stages of the formation of accounting science under the influence of economic, social, technological, psychological, and other factors. This research has allowed investigating the essence of accounting and its impact on the evolution of humanity’s economic activities. The examination of historical aspects has enabled the formulation of predictions regarding the development of accounting paradigms in the future. It has been proven that accounting theory requires improvement and an enhancement of its scientific rigor.Research objective. The objective of the study is to explore the stages of formation of accounting science and to forecast the future development of accounting concepts in the context of significant transformation of the business information environment and the advancement of information technologies.Research methods. The stages of the formation of accounting science were studied using the bibliographic method, specifically through the implementation of monographic and comparative analysis of accounting theory, methods of forming information resources for business, and critical analysis of historical theories of societal development. The methods of theoretical modeling and scientific abstraction were employed to forecast the future development prospects of accounting concepts.Results. The historical aspects of accounting science formation were examined in the context of the transformation of scientific theory. The stages of accounting science formation were identified, highlighting the accounting system as one that meets the requirements of an industrial-type economy, necessitating a fundamental revision of accounting theory. It was demonstrated that in a technologically and informationally advanced world, information resources should form the core of the accounting system as a product of its functioning. The study also established that economic activity is a fundamental element of contemporary accounting science. The article proposes an author’s vision of the stages of accounting paradigm formation and the directions for the development of accounting science and the theory of accounting in a post-industrial digital society. The implementation of the proposed measures will elevate accounting science to a higher level of development and interpret accounting as a process of creating information and shaping the information field of business at various levels of management. It will also provide an understanding of the impact of information resources on the process of managerial decision-making.Prospects. Further scientific research should focus on studying the problems of accounting theory formation in accordance with the needs of scientific and economic progress, as well as forecasting the transformation of accounting theory and methodology considering the impact of economic digitization.

Project Information Overload & Role of PMIS in Managerial Decision-Making: A Study in Construction Companies of Oman

Project Information Overload & Role of PMIS in Managerial Decision-Making: A Study in Construction Companies of Oman

Systematic Literature Review in Reshoring Strategies 4.0

Background: With global changes in markets and government regulations, most organizations, which previously opted for offshore production, began to return to their country of origin—a process called reshoring. The new strategies for locating units and business models, which involve decisions to outsource production and organizational capacity, now face a new context of Industry 4.0, a market for technologies with the potential to transform entire supply chains in addition to directly influencing organizational aspects with innovative solutions and resource efficiency. Methods: This systematic literature review (SLR) found 43 articles relating to reshoring and Industry 4.0; there was an increase in publications in the last few years. We divided the studies according to 9 aspects: market uncertainties and labor supply; support for managerial decision making; competitive priorities analysis (costs and efficiency); business strategies; information knowledge and collaboration management; political, social and economic changes; risk security and privacy management; supply chain management; and investment market and private equity funds. Results: This article presents a content analysis of articles in the field of administration, focusing on location strategies, technology adoption, and organizational changes. The study identifies key aspects such as research quality, publication trends, regional focus, and strategy topics. The findings emphasize the importance of research objectives and problem-solving for managerial decision-making and highlight the need for further exploration in the literature. Conclusions: Reshoring, Industry 4.0, and location strategies are relevant topics for global management. The supply chain plays a role in decision-making for location and technology adoption, suggesting the need for more research in supply chain management.

Study of the impact of cognitive biases on the process of managerial decision-making in the educational sphere

Study of the impact of cognitive biases on the process of managerial decision-making in the educational sphere

Intellectual Capital Efficiency and Risk-Taking Behaviour of Insurance Companies in Ghana

ABSTRACT Our study focused on the link between intellectual capital efficiency (ICE) and its individual components and underwriting risk. It examined the effect of ICE, and structural (SCE) and human capital (HCE) efficiency on the underwriting risk of Ghanaian life and non-life insurers. It used panel data of 31 insurance firms in Ghana, of which 14 and 17 were life and non-life insurers, respectively, from 2008 to 2019. A generalized least squares estimation technique was used to examine the relationship between ICE and underwriting risk in life, non-life, and the entire insurance sector. The results suggest that there is a significant negative relationship between HCE and underwriting risk in the Ghanaian insurance sector. However, there was no relationship between ICE and underwriting risk and between SCE and underwriting risk. As the first to examine ICE and risk-taking behavior in any African country, our study is significant in managerial decision-making and insurance policy formulation to reduce risk in the insurance industry.

Pengaruh Kinerja Keuangan Terhadap Financial Distress (Studi pada Perusahaan Asuransi yang Terdaftar di BEI Periode 2017-2021)

The purpose of this study is to analyze the impact of profitability, solvency, and liquidity on the financial condition of 13 Indonesian Stock Exchange (IDX) listed insurance companies in the period 2017-2021. The sampling method used was direct sampling and data were analyzed using descriptive analysis, review, and hypothesis testing. We found that profitability (ROA), solvency (DAR) and liquidity (CR) have partially or simultaneously had a positive and significant impact on the degree of financial deterioration of insurers. These insights have a significant impact on the financial management of insurers and aid decision-making by industry managers, investors, and regulators. The results of this analysis could lead to a better understanding of the factors that influence financial hardship and encourage insurers to pay more attention to financial performance and better manage risk. This research can also make a valuable contribution to financial literature and can form the basis for further research on risk management and corporate finance in insurance and other areas of finance.

The Average Wage in the North-West Federal District: An Assessment of Territorial Disparities on a Settlement Level

Introduction. Effective management of regional socioeconomic development processes is not possible without an objective understanding of impact on the economy exerted by internal territorial disparities. The lack of open data in the official statistics concerning settlements and displaying such a basic indicator as an average wage does not contribute to the task also. For the first time, the suggested solution of the following problem is to use an alternative source of data ‒ Russian form of personal income tax (5-NDFL) tax reports. The goal of the article is to determine territorial disparities between average wages on the settlement level in the North-West Federal District. Materials and Methods. The research covers all municipalities of the North-West Federal District from 2015 to 2020. Average wages in urban and rural settlements, municipal districts and city districts were calculated based on the analysis of 7947 5-NDFL tax reports. A comparison was made with the data from the official statistics. The coefficient of variation and the Gini index were calculated for each area and the North-West District in whole as well as the difference between progressive and regressive types of average wages. Mappings were made for selected municipal areas. Results. Based on the data extracted from 5-NDFL forms, the research suggests a method of average wage calculation in municipalities. The proof is given that the following tax reports can be viewed as an appropriate source of data for determination of income inequality in case of settlements. It is established that territorial disparities in the Federal District have decreased due to the slight growth of average and median wages. Through the example of selected municipal districts, the research displays the existing difference in wages amid urban and rural settlements and also indicates the decisive role of the area center in the consolidated regional scores. Discussion and Conclusion. A comparative analysis of inequality indicators in wages has revealed higher values of territorial disparities at the settlement level. In practical terms, the transition from district values of indicators to settlement values in the state monitoring system makes it possible to increase the objectivity of assessing ongoing processes and improve the quality of managerial decision-making.

The players’ perspective of value co-creation in esports service ecosystems

ABSTRACT The esports industry still exhibits progressive growth driven by digital transformation and an increasing followership. Such dynamic development involves manifold interactions between multiple actor types captured as value co-creation (VCC). Esports players comprise a key and specific group of actors. With various levels of professionalisation, they attract huge audiences in stadiums and on screen. Empirical insights can reveal the players’ perspective of VCC and thus inform managerial decision-making. This study’s primary purpose is to contextualise, specify and measure VCC in esports as a reliable and valid concept. Also, by applying structural equation modelling, VCC’s impact on satisfaction with the service and financial rewards is empirically tested. Media companies benefit from tapping into esports players’ resources in co-creation activities to venture into this prospering industry.

ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE AT UNIVERSITIES: COMPARATIVE STUDY OF INTERNATIONAL PRACTICES

Organizational culture for effective functioning of universities is one of the main prerequisites for ensuring a good environment. Although organizational culture is informal in nature, it can serve as a crucial factor in managerial decision-making and quality enhancement of processes. The current article explores four main types of organizational culture (clan, adhocracy, hierarchy and market cultures) [4] at international higher education institutions (HEIs). By comparing and analyzing the professional literature, it becomes evident that at international HEIs clan organizational culture is more vivid. Even if other types of organizational culture are mostly adopted by universities, they still strive to have a clan organizational culture. Clan culture fosters a sense of cohesiveness and connectedness among members, and, respectively, enhances their ownership and organizational commitment. In a clan culture, everyone collaborates for the betterment of the organization, making it easier to make collective decisions that are best for the group.

Experiences and perceptions of acute myocardial infarction patients with a prolonged decision-making phase of treatment seeking: A meta-synthesis.

To describe the experiences and perceptions of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients with a prolonged decision-making phase of treatment-seeking. Previous attempts to reduce the treatment-seeking time of AMI have been less than optimal. Due to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, the situation of prehospital delay is possibly worse. Decisions to seek treatment are influenced by multiple factors and need individualised interventions. Understanding patients' external and internal experiences and psychological perceptions is essential. Meta-synthesis. We searched PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Scopus and four Chinese databases from inception to April 2022. We screened the retrieved articles with predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria, and reviewed articles using Thomas and Harden's (BMC Medical Research Methodology, 2008 8, 45) qualitative thematic synthesis approach. The Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal tool for qualitative research was used to assess the quality of studies. Twenty-one studies were included, identifying four themes and nine sub-themes. The four primary themes were difficulty recognising and attributing symptoms, attempt to act, unwillingness to change and self-sacrifice. Deciding to seek treatment is a complex social and psychological process, which needs comprehensive interventions considering personal and sociocultural factors and factors related to the COVID-19 pandemic. Details of interventions for decisions to seek treatment in AMI patients need to be further designed and evaluated. Results would help healthcare professionals to implement individualised management of decision-making of treatment-seeking among AMI patients, and improve medical records of patients' prehospital experiences. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews 2020 checklist was used to report the findings. Two AMI patients contributed to the data synthesis by giving simple feedback about the final themes.

Micro-coopetition: conceptualizing and operationalizing coopetitive managerial decision-making over time—a game theoretic approach

The purpose of the paper is to provide a conceptualization and an aligned game-theoretic operationalization of the dynamic coopetitive managerial decision-making process. The proposed two-step sequential game uses existing game theoretical constructs but combines them in a unique way. One of its important positive features is its capacity to make the performance implications of all potential coopetitive decisions in a relationship episode explicit, together with the interplay among them. The lack of such a feature has been recognized as a severe limitation of extant literature, hampering further theoretical and methodological development. The proposed solution gives insights into how moment-by-moment managerial decisions unfold over time and possibly result in disequilibrium states, generating tension. Managerial attributes play a key role in effectively managing such moments, it is suggested. Based on the proposed operationalization, behavioral experiments can be designed through which future empirical research can develop appropriate data sets and test the widely hypothesized roles of these attributes, which can result in more reliable and generalizable research results. Besides the theoretical and empirical value of the proposed conceptualization and operationalization, the paper is of value to decision makers, as it makes the internal complexity of the coopetitive strategizing and its inherent interdependencies explicit, providing practical insights into this complex phenomenon.

Machine learning algorithm for an artificial neural network for building a model of managerial decision-making when developing a marketing strategy

The article describes the application of the machine learning method, namely the backpropagation algorithm, in order to optimize managerial decision making when developing a marketing strategy. A qualitative analysis of data processing has been carried out, which proves the relevance of using the backpropagation method in marketing interpretation. Using the example of a task with the choice of hashtags for social media, a five-step model has been built step by step, which, after passing through many iterations of machine learning algorithms, could automate the solution of problems similar to the original one. The step-by-step process of machine learning has been described in terms of logic, mathematical functioning and programming. KPIs to assess the accuracy of the task by the model have been highlighted. An example of comparing the base KPIs of two models to select a more accurate one has been given