Policy Management Framework Research Articles

An Investigation of Spatial and Temporal Analysis of Drought Forecasting

Following the impact of droughts witnessed during the last decade there is an urgent need to develop a drought management strategy, policy framework, and action plan for Satara District. This study aims to provide a historical baseline using the standardized precipitation index (SPI) and meteorological drought maps, and to investigate the spatial and temporal trends using long-term historical precipitation records. Drought is a natural hazard that is difficult to quantify in terms of severity, duration, area and impact. The present study has been designed to evaluate the metrological drought for Man and Khatav (Maharashtra) using the Standard Precipitation index (SPI). The data and information obtained in this area to monitor and forecast drought can also be useful in future to control and reduce the impact of drought on drinking water and agriculture in this region. The SPI is calculated at Mann and Khatav in many series over different periods of time to show drought and drought-free years. The lowest rainfall in Khatav station was less than 200mm, while in Mann; it was about -2.5mm, indicating extremely dry seasons.

Records Management Practices in Uganda's Public Pension Office

The purpose of this study was to assess the records management practices in Uganda's public pension office. The study's objectives were: to find out the categories of records managed in Uganda's public pension office; to examine the records management practices in Uganda's public pension office; to find out the challenges faced in the management of records in Uganda's public pension office, and to propose strategies to improve the management of records in Uganda's public pension office. The study adopted a mixed methods research design. It was conducted at the Ministry of Public Service, specifically in the Compensation Department and Department of Records and Information Management. The study population was composed of thirty (30) staff working in the two departments, who were all adopted as the sample size, given the small population. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, self-administered questionnaires and a document review. The findings revealed that personnel records were mostly kept and that the records management practices followed were guided by the Basic Registry Procedures Manual, a manual specifically developed for registries at the Ministry of Public Service. Despite having a records manual in place, some staff had poor attitudes towards records management due to poor remuneration while others had no/limited training in records management. Other challenges faced included inadequate equipment, non-streamlined records management practices and a lack of a Centre for benchmarking its practices as stipulated by the National Records and Information Management Policy framework. It is expected that the findings revealed by this study will inform policymakers, the government of Uganda and the Ministry of Public Service on the key issues to solve in a bid to strengthen records management in the public pension office to enhance the process of pension processing which is usually delayed by the lack of records.

A gendered analysis of Cyclone Idai disaster interventions in Chimanimani district, Zimbabwe

ABSTRACT When disasters happen in the world, government departments and NGOs collaborate to support survivors through various interventions. Whether these interventions respond to the gendered impacts of these disasters is an area that has not been given adequate research attention. This paper provides a gendered analysis of the interventions targeted at Cyclone Idai survivors in Zimbabwe’s Chimanimani District. It draws from data generated through focus group discussions, in-depth interviews, and key-informant interviews with cyclone survivors and representatives from government agencies and NGOs that provided humanitarian assistance in Chimanimani District. The study revealed that the interventions were implemented without comprehensively integrating gendered issues due to the absence of a clear gender responsive national policy framework for disaster management in Zimbabwe. The study recommends gender sensitive training to those who assist in distributing humanitarian assistance and the need to address gender-skewed responses caused by treating gender as synonymous with women.

Between Policy Goals and Actual Outcome: An Assessment of the National Disaster Management Framework in Nigeria, 2010-2020

In Nigeria, research on disaster management has witnessed tremendous attention in recent years. However, no known study has directly assessed the country’s main disaster management policy framework. Introduced in 2010 to replace the National Disaster Response Plan, the National Disaster Management Framework (NDMF) represents Nigeria’s attempt to depart from a response-driven system to a proactive and comprehensive one within its federal political structure having three levels of government. In assessing the Framework, two sets of criteria were used. The first is in line with its pre-determined goals while the second set was drawn from the ecological context of the Framework. Data for the study were generated from both primary and secondary sources. In-depth interviews were conducted with two senior officials of the National Emergency Management Agency (NEMA); and General Managers of the State Emergency Management Agency of Oyo, Ekiti, Lagos, Osun, and Ogun States. Besides, the NDMF and other secondary materials were read and critically reviewed to generate secondary data. Findings show that despite over a decade since its introduction, the NDMF has not been able to engender the realization of a holistic disaster management system in the country. Rather, it generated rivalry among government agencies assigned to manage disasters. The perceived alienation of many stakeholders especially at the State level in its formulation process; poor funding and lack of political will to execute the provisions of the Framework are notable causes. Knowing the importance of a policy framework in actualizing the goals of disaster management, the paper recommends that stakeholders in the country, especially those at the state and local government levels should be repositioned to play more active roles in the operationalization and implementation of the NDMF.

Area-based management tools to protect unique hydrothermal vents from harmful effects from deep-sea mining: A review of ongoing developments

The deep seabed in areas beyond national jurisdiction, or what is referred to as “the Area,” is the common heritage of humankind, safeguarded by mandating the International Seabed Authority (ISA) to protect the marine environment and to regulate all mining-related activities on the seabed in areas beyond national jurisdiction. So far, the ISA has 7 contracts for polymetallic sulfide (PMS) exploration. PMS deposits are located at and near deep-sea hydrothermal vents, one of the most remarkable ecosystems on Earth. Where hot and mineral rich vent fluids escape from the earth's crusts, minerals precipitate and are deposited, and unique biomass rich microbial and animal communities are thriving. Several intergovernmental organizations suggest that active vents classify as areas in need of conservation. The ISA is currently developing regional environmental plans for PMS and has set some first steps to protect active vents from mining impacts. We review the current regulatory and policy framework for deep-sea spatial management, and set it into the environmental context. We conclude that all current management measures of the ISA would not be suited to protect the marine environment from harmful mining impact. We recognize that ISA's area-based management tools are under development, and suggest that improvements can be achieved by studying and recognizing the ecological attributes of ecosystems and their connectivity, as well as governance connectivity, taking into account area-based management tools of different users in the same area.

Drivers of Human Activities Carried Out in Urban Green Spaces of Dandora Estates, Nairobi County

Green spaces are becoming a dwindling resource in the urban areas of many developing countries where unprecedented rapid urbanization is taking place. The serene and quite areas of the urban environment are being depleted with ever-increased human interference even in the protected areas. The case of Dandora Estates of Nairobi County, which this paper focuses on, presents an interesting diversity of activities that have invaded the otherwise aesthetic and beautiful scene of the urban space, and the situation could be worsened if drastic actions are not taken. This paper dwells on the human activities that dominate the urban green spaces of Dandora, as well as the drivers of them being undertaken there. It brings out these activities in by engaging with the household heads and those found undertaking activities within the UGS. The results show that 84% of the residents who visit UGS in Dandora were driven by; affordability (absence of entry charges). 16% of the residents who do not visit UGS are driven away by majorly due to the insecurity in the area. The finding established that there are several human activities that are practised in and around green spaces in Dandora. They were categorized into three, social, economic, and environmental activities. The study recommended the following: Development of UGS policy and management plans. There is a need to develop an effective and articulate UGS policy framework and management plans for UGS planning, governance and management that will be reviewed and updated after every 3-5 years; Development of UGS policies, regulations, and standards; The county government in collaboration with the police department should invest in enhancing and providing security through installation of street lights in order to prevent crimes

Achieving Operational Efficiency by Adopting ICT in Diplomatic Records Management at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Kenya

Information and Communication Technologies have become a critical success factor for service delivery in Kenya's public sector. Applying ICTs in service delivery has become a game changer in public records management. It has completely transformed records management work procedures, methods, and principles. The study aimed to assess how operational efficiency can be achieved by adopting ICT in diplomatic records management at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Kenya. The study was guided by records continuum and hybrid theories and adopted the descriptive survey research design. The target population comprised 887 Ministry of Foreign Affairs employees, from which a sample of 87 participants was selected using a stratified and purposive sampling approach. Questionnaires and interview schedules were used to collect data, which was analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively using Statistical Package for Social Sciences and content analysis. The study revealed that the Ministry of Foreign Affairs had embarked on the assimilation of ICTs into its operational activities as a component of e-service delivery. As a result, the study established that diplomatic records, which were vital in achieving operational efficiency, were being created, accessed, and used in electronic format. Inadequate infrastructure for electronic records management programs was, however, found to be a significant hindrance to the realization and use of diplomatic electronic records. The study recommends that the Ministry of Foreign Affairs develop and execute a comprehensive electronic records management policy and regulatory framework to integrate e-records into Ministry's operational efficiency and service delivery. The Ministry of foreign affairs should collaborate with Information Communication and Technologies Authority to develop infrastructure for electronic records management systems to ensure that all software acquired for managing electronic records capture records management requirements to achieve operational efficiency and improved service delivery. Keywords: Electronic Records, Operational Efficiency, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Diplomatic Records, Record Management Technologies

Regenerative tourism: the challenge of transformational leadership

PurposeThe aims of this paper are to share how one cohort of tourism practitioners viewed the transformative change needed within the tourism industry and to explore the implications for leadership in the future.Design/methodology/approachThe research design is based on a virtual whiteboard brainstorming activity incorporating both the individual and collective thinking of 20 participants in a global cohort class. Using conversational techniques to elicit cognitive knowledge and felt experience, the methodology generates shared understandings about the opportunities and challenges of implementing regenerative tourism.FindingsThe conversations reported in the findings of this paper provide important insights into the challenges and opportunities faced by tourism professionals as enablers of regenerative tourism. Findings included, first, that participants within the course demonstrated characteristics of transformational leadership including a strong moral positioning, embodied self-awareness, collaboration and collective action. Second, specific points of inertia that impede regenerative tourism are identified including embedded culture, power and organisational structures. Third, professionals are calling for practical tools, new frames of reference, and examples to help communicate regenerative tourism.Research limitations/implicationsThis is a viewpoint, not a research paper. Nonetheless, it provides a rich vein of future research in terms of disruptive pedagogy, potentially gendered interest in regenerative tourism, issues of transforming the next generation and power.Practical implicationsGovernance, organisational, destination management strategies, planning and policy frameworks, individual issues as well as contradictions within the tourism system were revealed. Transformative change in an uncertain future requires transformational leadership, characterised by moral character and behaviours that trigger empowered responses.Originality/valueThis paper shares insights from a unique global cohort class of tourism professionals wherein the challenges and opportunities for regenerative tourism are identified. The methodology is unusual in that it incorporates both individual and collective thinking through which shared understandings emerge.

Assessment and prediction of shoreline change using multi-temporal satellite data and geostatistics: A case study on the eastern coast of India

Abstract Climate change and rising sea level is transforming global coastlines as corroborated by significant changes in the position of shoreline witnessed through coastal erosion or accretion. Andhra Pradesh has the second longest (972 km) coastline in India. The present study analyzed shoreline change and its future prediction by employing satellite-derived data and geographic information system. End point rate (EPR) and linear regression rate (LRR) statistical tools in the Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS) were used to estimate historical shoreline change rate between 1973 and 2015. Erosion and accretion of the coastline were delineated from Landsat satellite images for 1973, 1980, 1990, 2000, 2010, and 2015; subsequently, shoreline is predicted for short-term (2025) and long-term (2050) periods. The study showcased that the river mouths of Krishna and Godavari experienced higher rate of change in shoreline position influenced by the deltaic environment and fluvial processes. LRR model prediction depicts the average rate of shoreline change during 2015–2025 will be −4.64 m, while between 2015 and 2050 it will increase to −16.25 m. The study observed that the error between predicted and actual shoreline is higher in the river mouth and deltaic plains. Predicted shoreline position will provide baseline information for adaptation strategies and policy framework for coastal management.

Asset recovery practices in combating money laundering: evidence from FATF mutual evaluation report of FATF member countries of Asia pacific region

PurposeThis study aims to understand the member countries’ current asset recovery mechanism based on two elements, namely, confiscation policy and asset recovery management framework.Design/methodology/approachContent analysis was performed on the Financial Action Task Force (FATF) Mutual Evaluation Report (MER) of eight countries.FindingsThe result showed that only a few countries established a centralised asset recovery centre or special task force to manage recovered assets.Research limitations/implicationsThis study is limited to information mentioned in the FATF MER.Practical implicationsThis study highlights the need to have a centralised asset recovery management centre as an initiative to improve the outcome of money laundering investigations. The study findings will benefit regulators to understand further the practical challenges of the asset recovery mechanism for future improvement.Originality/valueFATF recommends that each country establish a centralised asset recovery centre and work closely with the investigating officers and prosecutors in deciding on assets confiscation. However, the implementation is contingent on their local environment and resources at the member countries’ discretion. Therefore, this study aimed to understand the member countries’ current asset recovery mechanism based on two elements, namely confiscation policy and asset recovery management framework.

User-Centric Adaptive Password Policies to Combat Password Fatigue

Today, online users will have an average of 25 password-protected accounts online, yet use, on average, 6.5 passwords. The excessive cognitive burden of remembering large amounts of passwords causes Password Fatigue. Therefore users tend to reuse passwords or recycle password patterns whenever prompted to change their passwords regularly. Researchers have created Adaptive Password Policies to prevent users from creating new passwords similar to previously created ones. However, this approach creates user frustration as it neglects users’ cognitive burden. This paper proposes a novel User-Centric Adaptive Password Policy (UCAPP) Framework for password creation and management that assigns users system-generated passwords based on a cognitive-behavioural agent-based model. The framework comprises a Password Policy Assignment Test (PassPAST), a Cognitive Burden Scale (CBS), a User Profiling Algorithm, and a Password Generator (PassGEN). The framework creates tailor-made password policies that maintain password memorability for users of different cognitive thresholds without sacrificing password strength and entropy. The framework successfully created 30-40% stronger passwords for Critical users and random (non-mnemonic) passwords for Typical users based on each individual’s cognitive password thresholds in a preliminary test.

RISK MANAGEMENT IMPLEMENTATION MODEL IN MODERATING RISK RELATIONSHIP BASED ON INTERNAL AUDIT

This study aims to examine and analyze the influence of the Internal Audit Position on the Success of Risk Based Internal Audit, the influence of Top Management Commitment on the Success of Risk Based Internal Audit, the effect of Training on the Success of Risk Based Internal Audit, the Effect of Policy Framework on the Success of Risk Based Internal Audit, the Influence of the Communication Process. on the success of Risk Based Internal Audit, the Role of Risk Management Implementation in moderating the relationship between the Influence of Internal Audit Position, Top Management Commitment, Training, Policy Framework, and Communication on the Success of Risk Based Internal Audit.This research makes all inspectors who have a Functional Auditor Position Certificate at the district / city inspectorates in Aceh province as a population and sample. The results of this study indicate that the variables of internal audit position, top management commitment and application of risk management have no effect on the success of risk based internal audit. Meanwhile, training and policy framework variables have a positive and significant effect on the success of risk based internal audit. Communication variables were found to have no effect on the success of risk based internal audit.The moderating role of the risk management application variable is able to moderate the top management commitment, training and policy framework variables on the success of risk based internal audit. Meanwhile, the application of risk management does not moderate the influence variables of the internal audit position and communication variables on the success of risk based internal audit

A Critical Evaluation of South Sudan’s Policy Framework for Health and Safety Management in the Oil and Gas Industry in Paloich- Melut County: A Case Study of Dar Petroleum Operating Company

The paper conducted a critical evaluation of South Sudan’s policy framework for health and safety management in the oil and gas industry in Paloich- Melut County with interests in Dar Petroleum Operating Company. Specifically, the study assessed the effect of government policy, the organizational practices that affects the health and safety management of community and to explore the challenges affecting the implementation of policy frameworks for health and safety management practices by Dar Petroleum Operating Company. Descriptive survey research design was used to collect quantitative and qualitative data thus following mixed method approach. Quantitative data was collected using questionnaires while Qualitative data was obtained from in-depth interviews. Quantitative data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Qualitative data was analyzed using thematic analysis. The results revealed that government policy and organizational practices are positively and significantly related to health and safety management practices among oil exploration companies. However, organizational challenges and health and safety management practices among oil exploration companies is negatively and significantly related. The main challenges were lack of resources, poor leadership and corruption. The study concluded that an increase in adoption of Government Policy and organizational practices led to a significant increase on safety management practices among oil exploration companies. The study recommended that the oil and gas exploring companies strengthen the capacities of all concerned to achieve the sound management intellectual capital, exploration and production waste minimization, sound management of oil fields and hazardous wastes at all levels. Keywords: Health and Safety Management Practices, Government Policy, Company Policy, Organizational Practices & South Sudan

Towards a Policy Management Framework for Managing Interaction Behaviors in IoT Collectives

This paper proposes a policy management framework which we call the SANIJO framework. This framework comprises three different types of policy rules that are applicable to smart devices for managing their multiuser–multidevice interactions in IoT collectives, from a socio-ethical perspective. We developed a policy language to help regulate and manage the interaction behaviors of smart internet-connected devices that are being deployed at an increasing rate around the world. The policy rules are classified into Authorization, Obligation, and Prohibition rules and are prototyped in the SANIJO system. We implemented our framework as a collection of mobile apps (running on smartphones) and a robot app (running on the robot). We then illustrate its operation based on an aged care center scenario.

ENTERPRISE RISK MANAGEMENT ON FIRM VALUE : EMPIRICAL STUDY ON MANUFACTURING SECTOR COMPANIES LISTED ON THE INDONESIA STOCK EXCHANGE

Enterprise risk management (ERM) is being adopted by many firms globally and the value relevance of enterprise risk management is scarce. The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of enterprise risk management on firm value for companies on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. This study is conducted using a sample of manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2012 to 2020. The findings indicate a significant correlation between enterprise risk management and firm value, indicating that enterprise risk management significantly contributes to firm value. These findings may be used to develop and shape enterprise risk management policy frameworks for firms and countries. The study provides new insights, from an Indonesian emerging market context on the value effects of enterprise risk management. Nonetheless, this study found that companies with larger and international samples may improve future studies. Keywords: Corporate Risk, Enterprise risk management, Firm Value.

China’s Wildlife Management Policy Framework: Preferences, Coordination and Optimization

The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic led to global concerns about the delicate relationship between humans and wildlife. However, quantitative research on the elements of a wildlife management policy framework in a certain country is lacking. In this study, we try to close this research gap by analyzing the formulation preferences of key elements in the wildlife management policy framework, as well as the coordination between them, in China, which is generally regarded as a main wildlife consumption country. Based on the content analysis of China’s wildlife management policy documents, with a three-dimensional analytical framework, we find that: China’s wildlife management policy framework prefers the use of compulsory tools, while voluntary and mixed tools are not fully used; adequate attention is paid to the biodiversity conservation objectives and attention is paid to the objectives of public health protection and wildlife welfare, while the utilization objective is restricted to some extent; government sectors, industry, citizens, and non-governmental organizations are involved in wildlife management policies and the degrees of participation of citizens and non-governmental organizations are relatively low. In conclusion, we draw wider implications for China’s wildlife management policy formulation, arguing for a more coordinated and participatory policy framework.

Solid Waste Generation and Management in Yobe State, Problems and Mitigations

Waste management has been a serious topic of discussion among many countries (developed and developing) over the last few decades. People’s attitude towards uncontrollable waste generation and indiscriminate disposal of waste has increased recently, with these, some countries especially in Sub-Saharan-Africa have non-existent waste management policy and institution framework. In Nigeria local governments have the responsibility to manage waste at local level. During the study quantitative method was deployed, where questionnaire was administered to the respondents. 220 questionnaires were distributed across the state, 100 questionnaires were filled with (45%) return rate. About 93% of the respondents are male and 95% of the respondents have tertiary education. The results showed that most respondents are aware of waste management. 49% of the respondents dump their waste on roadsides and 63% believed that people’s attitudes towards waste disposal should change as it is unethical. The study advocates for a holistic strategy to mitigate indiscriminate generation and disposal of waste in the state. Governments and communities should work together in devising a means to improve waste management. Keywords:Waste, generation, disposal, problem, mitigation and management.

Migration management and health service delivery: A case of the Zimbabwe public health sector

ABSTRACT Poor economic conditions in Zimbabwe have greatly contributed to irregular emigration and brain drain with the public health sector seriously affected. This article identifies and critiques the strategies underpinning the out-migration management policy framework that regulates the movement of health professionals in Zimbabwe. It highlights strategies that can ensure that the state derives maximum benefits from its trained personnel, reduce their emigration and benefit from their movement without infringing on their freedoms of choice and movement. Qualitative techniques were used to gather data with in-depth interviews and questionnaires as data collection tools. Results show that previous strategies put in place to manage health professionals’ emigration in Zimbabwe have not effectively harnessed the benefits from that movement. The article concludes that the government should take advantage of existing initiatives and craft a robust out-migration management policy framework that infuses all merits of the individual strategies to effectively manage emigration. This should include strategies such as reduction in hiring expatriates and using the funds to improve remuneration of locals to reduce skills flight; making arrangements for excess labour export to countries in need of such labour for a fee and initiating diaspora engagement initiatives to facilitate skills transfer from the emigrated professionals.

A critical analysis of the legal frameworks governing oil spill management in South Africa

The South African marine environment is constantly exposed to considerable levels of pressure. These pressures undermine the near pristine marine biodiversity and the citizens' right to a clean environment. This paper critically analyses international conventions and South African legislative frameworks for addressing marine oil spills. To achieve this purpose, content analysis of international conventions and South African policy and legislative documents relating to marine oil spills was conducted. In this regard, three international conventions, two marine civil liability laws in South Africa, seven environmental and conservation management laws for marine pollution in South Africa, and two disaster risk management policy and legislative frameworks were analysed. The findings of this paper demonstrate that South African marine pollution management is on a reasonable development path. However, invariably, challenges in terms of enforcement capacity, complicated and ineffective provisions continue. This study thus calls for an institutional and legislative reform that will embrace integrated management strategies, clearer provisions of legal powers, and strict enforcement of existing laws.

COVID-19 Scenario and Possible Crisis Management Plan in Bangladesh: A Review

At present novel corona virus (COVID-19) has affected 213 countries around the world. In the context of both developing and less developed countries, it has proven to be fatal. Bangladesh, being a country of low-middleincome economy is still experiencing daily rise of COVID-19 cases. This study investigates the impact of COVID-19 on some important sectors of the country, where the education system is in danger as well as the lion’s share of the inhabitant cascade with poverty. The outcome of the research also states the overall management system has not worked smoothly in the pandemic situation. It focused on the existing emergency crisis response management plan, policy framework and parliamentary organizations of Bangladesh which are not good enough to battle a pandemic such as COVID-19. The secondary data were collected from different credential sources. This research mainly focused on the in-depth analysis of crisis during this time and highlighted the crisis sector management of Bangladesh. Hence, it formulated a proposal on 10 sector-based (education, economic, general public, victim, Government, private sector, defense, medical services, media, social value perception) Crisis Response Management Technique and a committee that would work in post COVID-19 time in Bangladesh. In future, this research and its policy frame work would help the government to allocate the budget for different sectors not only for pandemic situation but also for another crisis and help minimize its catastrophe.
 Journal of Engineering Science 11(2), 2020, 45-60