Territorial Management Research Articles

Закордонний досвід: моделі фінансування та організації систем охорони здоров’я

Each country in the world community creates and develops its health care system models, which are characterized by the peculiarities of the distribution of economic resources for providing medical care and preserving the population’s health. The effectiveness of their application in the health care field is determined by several features: a multifactorial system of political, economic, moral-ethical, cultural, and other relations that have historically developed in the country, etc. The reform process depends on the power vested in the state system organization at all levels of management and what regulatory mechanisms, including legislation, as well as financial incentives and sanctions, can be used by the central government for territorial management bodies. Even though the forms of organization of national health care systems are diverse, their main goal is to improve the quality and availability of medical care, increase life expectancy, develop a patient-oriented health care system by changing the organizational and economic principles of management by market conditions and international standards to ensure equal access of the population to quality medical care and financial protection in case of illness; ensuring the prevention of non-communicable diseases, in particular by strengthening legislation on healthy eating, tobacco, and alcohol control. The article presents models of national healthcare systems of different countries. Features of their formation and functioning are shown. The level of regulation and ensuring equal access of the population to the services received, as well as their quality, adequacy, and appropriateness, depends on the model of financing medical care. It is emphasized that the health care system that has developed in one or another state is a combination of various models, which may change over time due to changes in the political situation in the country or economic factors. It is noted that reforming the health care system is a fundamental change in management’s organizational and economic principles by market conditions and European standards. It is not advisable to single out the most progressive of the above since, in most cases, countries apply the dualism of individual provisions of each existing model to achieve the maximum result in practice. Keywords: system, model, management, medical care, financing.

Урбанистический дискурс управления устойчивым развитием горных районов Китая

Introduction. Sustainable development of mountainous areas is one of the priorities of modern China; it meets the basic focus of state policy on the harmonization of all spheres of life of the population. At the same time, mountainous areas occupy a special place in these processes, since they have special characteristics that complicate the introduction of economic, political and cultural innovations. These characteristics include, first of all, the geographical location, which determines the low level of infrastructure, inaccessibility of logistics routes and, as a consequence, the need to invest significant effort and resources to improve sustainable development indicators. China has diverse mountain regions such as the Himalayas, Tianshan, Kunlun and others. Each of these regions has its own unique geographical features, climate, vegetation and wildlife. When developing sustainable development programs, it is necessary to take into account these differences and adapt approaches to specific mountain regions. Materials and methods. Discursive regional practices in the dichotomy of urban/non-urban content are considered in the article in line with the concept of social organization of tradition. Within the framework of this concept, the so-called “small traditions” that arise in relatively closed rural regions are influenced by the “big tradition” generated by the city as a place of concentration of an educated population focused on the formation of progressive social practices. The indicated theoretical and methodological approaches form the basis of the analysis carried out within the framework of this study. Results. All areas of management in China, including the management of sustainable development of territories, are under the jurisdiction of party-state structures, both central and local. These structures pay special attention to the managerial discursive practices of the regions, among which mountainous regions with their special geographical location, which gives rise to cultural and social isolation, have a pronounced specificity. Among the main strategies is the promotion in local societies of political culture and other types of urban cultures that contribute to the sustainable development of mountain regions: economic, legal, administrative culture, etc. Discussion. Analysis of the strategies for the formation of urban discourse in the management of mountainous areas made it possible to identify three basic strategies of urban discourse in China: physical, information and communication, and socio-moral. All three of these strategies are fundamental to the formation of the urban discourse of the “great tradition” in the mountainous regions of China. Based on the analysis, we can conclude that the process of formation of an urban discourse on managing the sustainable development of mountainous areas in China demonstrates several important trends. State and regional authorities in China actively cooperate and coordinate their actions in the development and implementation of programs for the sustainable development of mountain areas. They exchange information, experiences and best practices to jointly develop effective strategies and action plans. This contributes to the sustainable development of mountain regions, improving the quality of life of the local population and preserving the natural environment. Conclusions. The authors conclude that Chinese government agencies are building a system in which the urban discourse of the “big state tradition” will integrate the rural discourse of the “small tradition” of the mountainous regions. Resume. The work compares the concepts of territorial management using the “large state tradition” and the “small tradition” of mountainous areas. A comparative analysis of these traditions and the possibility of their interaction is shown. It has been determined that the basic strategy for the development of the mountainous regions of China is the formation of elements of urban culture in local communities, including various aspects. Suggestions for practical applications and future research directions. The research results can be useful in developing programs for the development of mountainous areas in various countries. The data presented in the article allows us to form a trend for sustainable development, including tourism, culture and social development.

EXPLORATORY STUDY OF GEOGOVERNANCE: MECHANISMS OF SOCIAL PARTICIPATION AND TERRITORIAL MANAGEMENT IN KABYLIA: BEJAIA AND TIZI OUZOU (NORTH OF ALGERIA)

The concept of "Geogovernance" emerged during the 2010s, contributing to the enrichment of the scientific debate in geography and territorial management. Geogovernance represents a new paradigm that brings a fresh analytical approach, necessitating practical and empirical studies. The study focuses on an experience carried out in Algeria, specifically the "Best Cleanest Village" competition project initiated by the popular assemblies of Bejaia and Tizi Ouzou wilayas. The impact of this project on the neighborhoods of Aguemoune N'ath Amar in Bejaia and Sahel in Bouzguène, Tizi Ouzou, is also analyzed. The study underscores the significance of social participation for all spatial managers, emphasizing a "participatory imperative" or the "duty of consultation" as crucial pedagogy for effective management and development initiatives. For geogovernance, a reference protocol specific to its process is essential, along with comprehensive training and information dissemination among actors to equip them with the necessary competencies, methods, and catalyst tools for territorial information.

Energy-conservation model of inter-provincial cooperation that accounts GDP and social benefits

With rapid development of the global economy, economic growth is increasingly dependent on energy consumption, and the world faces the associated problems of environmental pollution and depletion of energy sources. This creates a challenge: Our ability to achieve these goals is severely constrained by the current governance based on non-cooperative energy conservation. To improve energy conservation in China, we developed an energy-conservation model based on market mechanisms. The model has three parts: (1) a two-objective (GDP and social benefits) optimization model; (2) a model that determines the optimal trading volume for energy conservation quotas in each province, including division of provinces into quota buyers and sellers and a cooperative game model for energy conservation quotas; and (3) a Nash distribution model for inter-provincial cooperation to fairly distribute the benefits from cooperation. We then used Shandong, Zhejiang, and Jiangsu provinces for an empirical analysis of the cooperative model. With the current territorial management approach, the social benefits of the inter-provincial cooperation based on option trading increased by 2.79 %, and GDP increased by 273.636 × 109 CNY. After a reasonable distribution of the benefits, each province benefited from the cooperation. This demonstrates that our model can improve China's current energy conservation governance.

«Цифровой двойник» населения Арктики в демографических исследованиях и управлении развитием территорий

The article considers “digital twins” of the population as a tool for socio-demographic research and territorial management. The experience of creating digital twins of the population and interactive web-sites devoted to demographic issues is systematized. A methodology for creating a digital twin of the Arctic population is proposed, based on three methodological principles: consideration of the hierarchy of territories, spatial representation of data, and combining demographic statistics with new digital data sources. The author has developed the Digital twin of the Arctic population — an interactive website (dashboard) containing detailed data on the Arctic population, including municipal and settlement levels. It includes demographic statistics, census results and data from digital platforms. The Digital twin of the Arctic population covers such issues as the size, dynamics and composition of the population, resettlement, natural and migration movement, labor and employment, transport movements, science and education, and the impact of the pandemic on demographic processes. Tools of ranking, multivariate analysis, clustering and forecasting of indicator values are implemented for researchers. From the viewpoint of state and municipal management, the main interest is the demographic profiles of regions and territories, reflecting up-to-date information about the demographic situation. Using the Digital twin of the Arctic population, the author draws conclusions about the spatial patterns of the demographic development of the Russian Arctic.

USE OF THE SITUATION APPROACH IN THE MANAGEMENT OF SUSTAINABILITY OF TERRITORIAL COMMUNITIES

In Ukraine, in today's difficult conditions, it is necessary to use a set of modern tools for managing territorial communities for their further development. The article examines the essence of mechanisms of adaptability, stability and sustainability, which the management system of territorial communities should use to achieve successful functioning results in war conditions. Areas of adaptation of territorial communities to wartime conditions were considered, including: changing the territorial community management system; change in approaches to management; improvement of management technologies; introduction of management innovations aimed at improving the efficiency of local self-government bodies; stabilization of the community's financial condition due to the attraction of investors. It was found that three main approaches can be used to assess changes in the external environment of the functioning of territorial communities: systemic, process, situational, but it is better to focus on the last one. It is substantiated that constant monitoring of the situation in the community can help managers to respond quickly to changes, adjust their strategies in time, which will ensure the stability of territorial communities, which can be considered as the ability to adapt to crises and resist external challenges. It was emphasized that the challenges faced by the territorial communities from the first days of the full-scale invasion were: preservation of the effectiveness of the management system and their ability to fully function; protection of critical infrastructure facilities; provision of various types of supply; ensuring defense and law and order; ensuring the functioning of the civil protection system in conditions of threat; the ability to evacuate the population and effectively regulate the mass movement of people into the community; preservation of financial and economic stability. It was concluded that the situational approach is an effective tool for managing the development of rural areas and ensuring the stability of territorial communities. Its use allows community leaders to solve problems depending on the specific situation, involve the public in the decision-making process, and constantly monitor the situation in their communities.

A transversalidade da paisagem nos processos de planejamento, projeto, gestão e formulação de políticas: uma aproximação ao “Programa de Drenagem Sustentável e Revitalização de Rios Urbanos para a UGRHI 13”

The planning and management models adopted in contemporary Brazilian cities reveal a lack of articulation between scales and sectors, resulting in urban occupation processes that are not concerned about the environmental attributes of the territory, causing problems such as flood, landslides and erosion of the land. The need to rethink the articulation between scales – from local to regional – and issues – environmental, social, economic, cultural, aesthetic – leads to the identification of Landscape as a potential field of encounter of these universes that hardly dialogue in the planning routine and territory management. Having this proposal as a guiding thread, this article promotes an approach to the “Program for Sustainable Drainage and Revitalization of Urban Rivers for UGRHI 13”, promoted by the Tietê Jacaré River Basin Committee in the interior of the State of São Paulo, envisioning the Landscape as element capable of promoting transit between scales and approaches.

A bi-level multi-objective optimization model for inter-provincial carbon emissions transfer tax on electricity production

Low-carbon electricity development is crucial for achieving China's carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals. The current carbon reduction territorial management model (CRTMM) can only bring short-term carbon reduction and is not enough to motivate provinces to further reduce carbon. However, few studies focus on the inter-provincial coordinated electricity carbon reduction. To overcome the shortcomings of the CRTMM and fill the research gap, this study creatively presents an original bi-level multi-objective inter-provincial carbon emissions transfer tax model (CETTM) on electricity generation in China, where the central government is the upper-level decision maker (leader) and provincial governments are the lower-level decision makers (followers). As the leader, the central government pursues overall maximum economic benefit and minimum pollutant emissions, and as the followers, provincial governments endeavor to maximize internal economic benefits. To ensure the scientificity and accuracy of the calculation results, an improved NSGA-II algorithm is designed to solve the model. Data from Anhui, Qinghai, Heilongjiang, and Jiangsu provinces are then used for empirical analysis to validate the model. The findings demonstrate that the CETTM is superior to the CRTMM in reducing carbon emissions, lowering pollutant emissions and improving economic benefits. The CETTM reduces CO2 emissions by 20.04 × 106 tons, lowers pollutant emissions by 10.65 × 104 tons, and increases benefits by 101.99 × 108 CNY in contrast to the CRTMM. The robustness of the model is verified using a sensitivity analysis. Finally, this study proposes policy recommendations for the CETTM implementation.

RESEARCH ON THE DIRECTIONS OF MONITORING THE USE OF REAL ESTATE IN SETTLEMENTS

Monitoring real estate assets in settlements is pivotal in effective territorial management. Accurate information on the status and utilisation of these assets is essential for informed decision-making, resource allocation, and the sustainable development of lands within settlements. This research delves into the multifaceted methodologies used to achieve these objectives. The driving force behind this research is the demand for data-driven, geolocation-based decision-making. The precise evaluation of real estate assets within settlements is indispensable for efficient land use planning, infrastructure development, and the prudent management of natural resources. In the ever-evolving urban landscape, comprehending the dynamics of real estate assets is strategically imperative, facilitating optimal resource allocation and sustainable growth. Populated areas often present intricate, multi-layered geographical landscapes. Conventional real estate monitoring methods, such as manual inspections and paper documentation, often fall short of the required timeliness and accuracy for effective management. It is here that modern technologies step in, offering innovative solutions to augment the monitoring process. Geographic Information Systems (GIS) are at the forefront of this transformation. They enable the collection, analysis, and visualisation of spatial data, offering a multidimensional perspective on real estate assets. Through GIS, real-time insights into asset usage, condition, and their impact on the environment become attainable. Utilising GIS empowers decision-makers and stakeholders, aiding informed choices that facilitate sustainable urban planning and development. Furthermore, integrating remote sensing technology elevates the monitoring of real estate assets in settlements. Satellite imagery and aerial photography provide high-resolution data to detect changes and trends. That is particularly valuable for assessing urban expansion, environmental shifts, and the allocation of lands for agriculture, industry, or residential purposes. Ensuring data accuracy, accessibility, and confidentiality is a paramount aspect of efficient real estate monitoring. Advanced data analytics, machine learning algorithms, and blockchain technology can be leveraged to safeguard data integrity, ensure privacy, and enhance the overall quality of information. In summary, research on monitoring the use of real estate assets in settlements stands as a critical field with wide-reaching implications. The amalgamation of GIS, remote sensing technology, and advanced data analytics is reshaping our approach to comprehending, managing, and planning land usage in urban and rural contexts. By harnessing the capabilities of modern technology and data-driven insights, we pave the way for more sustainable and efficient territorial management. Keywords: spatial provision, monitoring, geoinformation system, land use, cadastral data, modelling.

Climate Change and Extreme Events in Northeast Atlantic and Azores Islands Region

In small island regions, the influence of climate change assumes particular relevance. In the Azores archipelago, made up of nine islands, the geographical circumstances, oceanic condition, territorial dispersion, land use model and other physiographic constraints reinforce and enhance the vulnerability of the islands to changes in current weather patterns. Coupled Model Intercomparison Phase 6 (CMIP6) projections are used for the northeast Atlantic region to evaluate daily extreme climate events in large scale for the Azores region. Results shows changes in the annual maximum number of consecutive dry days, the annual number of wet days, and especially in the annual number of tropical nights. Despite limitations due to the lack of spatial detail, the large-scale framework suggests changes that may be enhanced by topography, particularly with respect to precipitation. The conclusions point to the need to establish standard rules in the processes of design, reviewing and/or amending territorial management instruments at the municipal scale in the Autonomous Region of the Azores, with the goal of adapting to a different climate from the recent past.

Implementation of a digital tool for population management in Primary Health Care.

Describe the implementation of a digital diagnostic and territorial monitoring tool in primary healthcare. Quantitative and qualitative study, developed in 14 basic healthcare units in São Paulo, with community health workers, coordinators, nurses, and physicians. Data collection occurred in four phases: analysis of the instruments used by the team for territory management; development of the digital tool; training and implementation; and evaluation after 90 days using focus groups. Descriptive analyses were conducted by calculating absolute and relative frequencies to treat quantitative data. Qualitative data were subjected to content analysis. Three hundred thirty-four professionals participated in the study. In the first step, territory management's main challenges were filling out various instruments, system failures, data inconsistency, internet infrastructure/network, and lack of time. Therefore, a digital tool was developed consisting of 1) a spreadsheet recording the number of family members and markers of health conditions, date of visit, and number of return visits; 2) a spreadsheet with a summary of families visited, not visited, and refusals; and 3) a panel with a summary of the data generated instantly. In the evaluation, after the initial use of the tool, the themes that emerged were integration of the tool into daily work, evaluation of the digital tool implementation process, and improvement and opportunities for improvement. Faced with the challenges faced by family healthcare teams when filling out systems and managing the territory, the tool developed provided greater reliability and agility in data visualization, reduced the volume of instruments, and optimized the work process.

Social Effects of Prevention Programs and Public Health Projects in the Krasnoyarsk Territory

Introduction. Monitoring and evaluation are an integral part of public health programs. Public health, in turn, is an important element of any society, and prevention programs play an important role in disease prevention and health promotion. In recent years, Krasnoyarsk Territory has shown a steady increase in the number of prevention programs aimed at improving the health and well-being of the population. Although these programs have been implemented to address specific health problems, they have also had a significant social impact. 
 Purpose. This article investigates the social effects of prevention programs and public health projects in the Krasnoyarsk Territory. 
 Materials and methods. The article summarizes the results of sociological research on various aspects of public health in the Krasnoyarsk Territory. The materials of sociological research conducted by the Krasnoyarsk Regional Center for Public Health and Medical Prevention were used. The results of some studies were presented in comparison with the results obtained in other regions of the Russian Federation. 
 Results. According to the data obtained, the study of the health literacy of residents of the Krasnoyarsk Territory allowed us to conclude that a considerable part of the population is insufficiently aware of the main aspects of a healthy lifestyle. In addition, city residents of the Krasnoyarsk Territory are mostly dissatisfied with two aspects of the quality of life: the maintenance and management of the adjacent territories; the work of public utilities; and the availability of high-quality and safe pedestrian areas.

Blue economy versus sea mining: A model of sea territory management that synergized economic growth and sustainable development

Bangka Belitung Province is an archipelago that has sea areas that need to be managed. The management of this sea area is a hard job for the Bangka Belitung Islands Province. Bangka Belitung Province is a producer of tin as a driving force for economic growth. Economic growth is the goal of implementing sustainable development. This study aims to plan a management model for tin-producing marine areas. Management of sea areas of tin-producing areas as a locomotive for economic growth. Where this economic growth still pays attention to sustainable development. The method used in this study is qualitative. There are three data collection techniques interviews, literature review, and observation. The research results are in the form of an appropriate model to be used as a recommendation for the Regional Government. We use this reference to increase economic growth. Regional economic growth still pays attention to the realization of sustainable development. The selection of informants in this study used purposive and snowball sampling methods. The results of the study found that the Bangka Belitung Islands Province Regional Regulation No. 3 of 2020. It is about Zoning Plans for Coastal Areas and Small Islands. That rule should be used as a basis for formulating a Management Model for marine areas in Bangka Belitung. Another finding from this study is the formulation of economic sectors. The Blue Economy in supporting the realization of sustainable development. There is a need for synergy from all stakeholders to put in place PERDA No. 3 of 2020.

Territorial Management: A Tool for Local Development

Territorial management involves reinventing the territory in terms of projects and promoting its development. It entails guiding transformation processes and altering the territory while considering its specificities and resources, in order to create a development process that engages all local stakeholders. The objective of territorial management is to encourage the development of the territory with the participation of the entire population. It involves building a system of alliances where the population is seen as a stakeholder. This fosters improved institutional cooperation among local authorities, aiming to meet current needs without compromising resources for future generations.Maintaining a fundamental balance between territorial development, social cohesion, and environmental conservation generally requires territorial strategies that involve collective action based on a comprehensive organization, encompassing both economic and social dynamics. The demand for territorial development is increasing, making it essential for Algeria to transform its approaches to territorial action. A developing territory results from collective interaction that anticipates threats and opportunities, devising corresponding territorial strategies.

Assessing Endokarst Potential in the Northern Sector of Santo António Plateau (Estremadura Limestone Massif, Central Portugal)

Karst is a peculiar natural landscape arising from high rock solubility and well-developed underground solutional channel porosity. It is unique for its surface relief (exokarst) and subsurface drainage, including cave systems (endokarst). In Portugal, karst areas mainly consist of marginal or low-density territories with great fragility and vulnerability and great geo-environmental richness that merits better policies and practices regarding their geo-conservation. Endokarst potential assessments can provide decision-makers and local authorities insight into present and future territorial management and planning. In this context, the main objective of this study was to produce a cartographic model to identify areas with a greater probability of containing karstic caves—i.e., a greater endokarst potential—in the northern sector of the Santo António Plateau (Estremadura Limestone Massif, Central Portugal). Geological, topographic, hydrogeological, and land cover data were collected, processed, and integrated into a spatial database using a Geographic Information System. The locations of known cave entrances in the study area were also identified from local public institutions and speleological team records. Subsequently, four conditioning factors were extracted from the data: lithostratigraphic units, fracture density, relief energy, and land cover. Using a multi-criteria decision-making analysis, each previously chosen conditioning factor and its respective classes were weighted using an analytic hierarchy process. The locations of known cave entrances served to evaluate the cartographic model built, with results showing an agreement of 81.9%. This prototype of the endokarst potential map for the study area may be used for strategic and operational environmental planning (at least on a local scale) to assist decision-makers, competent authorities, and local speleological teams. Its application may promote a more accurate and thoughtful definition of areas to be investigated, substantially reducing the time and costs associated with field prospecting.

Territorial sustainability performance assessment in African context: Case study of the Moroccan provinces

Territorial sustainability performance is becoming a core subject and an important governing tool for defining policies and strategies from the global to local scale. In this regard, this research has two main objectives. The first one is to develop composite indicators considering the social, environmental, and economic aspects as coupled systems for assessing the territorial sustainability performance (TSP) at the provincial level of Moroccan territory. The second objective is to identify provinces having difficulties in reaching economic growth, social equity, and environmental preservation. Using the standard constant-elasticity-of-substitution function, the TSP index was calculated based on 33 indicators, including 15, 13, and 5 for economic, social, and environmental indicators respectively. The evaluation was conducted at three levels: first; from indicators to nine dimension indices (Occupation, Education, Employment, Public Services, Health infrastructure, Tourism, Mobility, Vegetation, and Climate); second, from these dimensions to the three main aspects of sustainability; and finally, the TSP index. The results obtained from the composite index (TSPI) show that the majority of the Moroccan provinces present a low to moderate sustainability performance, requiring an effective improvement in those provinces' management. To better analyze the dimension performances and illustrate weaknesses and strengths, Moroccan provinces were subdivided into 5 main clusters using hierarchical and non-hierarchical Cluster-Analyses. The outcomes show that 62% of Moroccan provinces present some weaknesses in employment, education, and tourism. However, the public services, health infrastructure, and climate are the strengths of the remaining Moroccan provinces. These findings can be considered a valuable information system for adequate decision-making and enhancing vision in territorial planning and management.

Citizens’ Voice as a Cornerstone of Making Territories Smart

This paper aims to answer the call for studies on smart transformation in small and rural municipalities. It focuses on the ‘smart territory’ concept, which includes all the features of the smart city but considers a larger and less delimited urban area, as well as the intricacy of effects among towns and cities. To address such a space, the authors conducted an in-depth analysis of the Province of Jaén in Spain through a content analysis of interviews with representatives from local associations of citizens. The results confirmed that a participatory approach supports the territory management thanks to the government-to-citizens interactions that allow getting direct information: The citizens’ voice is about perspectives and opinions related to the status of different neighborhoods, towns, or villages, as well as the city, and real opportunities to shape a smart territory as theorized. The study’s contribution stems mostly from the category of actors involved, as the critical issues, as well as the opportunities in local development, are usually investigated by involving either local administrations or politicians and citizens. Listening to citizens’ voices also addresses the intricacies of a territory overcoming the limits of an approach based on a single town or city. Furthermore, detecting problems and opportunities in an urban context in this way can help in planning local smart development.

A Bi-Level Optimization Model for Inter-Provincial Energy Consumption Transfer Tax in China

The serious energy crisis and environmental problems resulting from fossil energy excessive consumption have caused severe challenges to the control of energy consumption and intensity (dual controls) and the sustainable development of China’s economy and society. The current territorial management model (TMM) of energy consumption “dual control” needs urgent improvement. Therefore, this study proposes an inter-provincial energy consumption transfer tax model (ECTTM) based on the Stackelberg game and bi-level optimization theory. In this model, the central government is the leader at the upper-level, and provincial governments are the lower-level followers. An optimization algorithm based on NSGA-II was designed to solve this model to obtain the optimal transfer tax rate and provincial energy consumption. The ECTTM aims to maximize the socioeconomic benefits of energy consumption overall and in each province under the premise of achieving the dual control target. The model’s effectiveness and superiority were illustrated through an empirical study of electricity consumption in Shanghai, Zhejiang, Shaanxi, and Guizhou. Compared with the TMM, the socioeconomic benefits under the ECTTM increased by 14.67%, and the electricity consumption per unit of gross domestic product decreased by 12.8%. Policy suggestions on the ECTTM’s implementation are proposed to promote further improvements in dual controls.

The concept of a closed resource cycle using an innovative information system for the development of bioenergy

RELEVANCE. The impossibility of using existing information systems, such as territorial waste management schemes (TSOs) to form a balance of supply and demand. TSOs do not allow us to identify the volume of demand and supply for processing technologies, and equipment manufacturers are not focused on understanding the balance of demand across the country. Technological development in terms of creating new facilities for energy waste processing requires justification of prospects for investment.THE PURPOSE. Develop the concept of a closed resource cycle using information flows aimed at identifying participants in the process. The desired tool should provide an understanding of the need for the production of bioenergy equipment, the potential for demand for R&D, as well as the formation of state programs to support the creation of enterprises for the processing of municipal solid waste (MSW) and the production of bioenergy equipment.METHODS. The development of the concept of a closed resource cycle is characterized by the design of the concept, which includes the methods of divergence, transformation, and convergence.RESULTS. The paper describes the relevance of the topic associated with the impossibility of using existing information systems such as territorial waste management schemes (TSMS) to form a balance of supply and demand for processing technologies. Potential participants in the formation of a closed resource cycle throughout the life cycle of a waste processing project are identified, with the role of participants and the links between them, as well as the characteristics of the information flow of each participant, identified. A concept is proposed based on the formation of an information system in which each participant can maximize their needs for resources and effect.CONCLUSION. The proposed system makes it possible to improve the existing waste management system, ensures the return of generated waste to the resource cycle. systems - the balance of generated and recycled waste. The main difference between the proposed system and the federal state information system for accounting and control of waste management of classes I and II is the principle of operation - the system is based on the source of waste generation, ensuring the balance of generating and processed waste.

Exploring soil property spatial patterns in a small grazed catchment using machine learning

Acquiring comprehensive insights into soil properties at various spatial scales is paramount for effective land management, especially within small catchment areas that often serve as vital pastured landscapes. These regions, characterized by the intricate interplay of agroforestry systems and livestock grazing, face a pressing challenge: mitigating soil degradation while optimizing land productivity. This study aimed to analyze the spatial distribution of eight topsoil (0–5 cm) properties (clay, silt, sand, pH, cation exchange capacity, available potassium, total nitrogen, and soil organic matter) in a small grazed catchment. Four machine learning algorithms—Random Forest (RF), Support Vector Machines (SVM), Cubist, and K-Nearest Neighbors (kNN)—were used. The Boruta algorithm was employed to reduce the dimensionality of environmental covariates. The model’s accuracy was assessed using the Concordance Correlation Coefficient (CCC) and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE). Additionally, uncertainty in predicted maps was quantified and assessed. The results revealed variations in predictive model performance for soil properties. Specifically, kNN excelled for clay, silt, and sand content, while RF performed well for soil pH, CEC, and TN. Cubist and SVM achieved accuracy in predicting AK and SOM, respectively. Clay, silt, CEC, and TN yielded favourable predictions, closely aligning with observations. Conversely, sand content, soil pH, AK, and SOM predictions were slightly less accurate, highlighting areas for improvement. Boruta algorithm streamlined covariate selection, reducing 23 covariates to 10 for clay and 4 for soil pH and AK prediction, enhancing model efficiency. Our study revealed spatial uncertainty patterns mirroring property distributions, with higher uncertainty in areas with elevated content. Model accuracy varied by confidence levels, performing best at intermediate levels and showing increased uncertainty at extremes. These findings offer insights into model capabilities and guide future research in soil property prediction. In conclusion, these results urge more research in small watersheds for soil and territorial management.