Property Management Research Articles

AI Continues to be a Game Changer in the Intellectual Property Management in India

The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into Intellectual Property (IP) management has significantly reshaped the landscape of IP administration in India. With the growing emphasis on innovation and technological advancement, India's IP ecosystem is rapidly adopting AI-driven solutions to streamline processes, enhance accuracy, and reduce human intervention. AI-powered tools for prior art searches, patent classification, and infringement detection have significantly accelerated IP workflows while reducing the backlog of pending applications. This paper explores the transformative role of AI in IP management in India, focusing on its impact on efficiency, cost reduction, and decision-making. The research highlights how machine learning algorithms and predictive analytics have enabled faster and more accurate patent reviews, benefiting both IP examiners and applicants. By automating repetitive tasks, AI has reduced the administrative burden on India's IP offices, allowing them to focus on more complex and strategic aspects of IP protection. However, this technological shift is not without its challenges. Issues related to AI-generated IP, ownership rights, and ethical concerns regarding the role of AI as an inventor are still unresolved in India's legal framework. The absence of specific regulations governing AI-generated IP has sparked debate among policymakers, industry stakeholders, and academic researchers. This paper calls for the development of an AI-specific regulatory framework to address these issues while ensuring a balance between innovation and IP protection. The study concludes that AI is a critical enabler of India's efforts to modernize its IP management system. It underscores the need for capacity building, legal reforms, and cross-border collaboration to establish a standardized approach to AI-driven IP governance. Future research should explore international best practices and assess how India's regulatory framework can be adapted to accommodate AI's role in IP management. Key Words: Artificial Intelligence, Intellectual Property, AI-Generated IP in india, Patent Classification, Regulatory Framework

Efficient Double-Layer Evaporators with Adjustable Pores for Sustainable Solar Evaporation.

Solar-driven desalination technology is currently an important way to obtain freshwater resources. Significantly, porous materials are used as substrate materials of interface solar evaporator, and their specific impact of water transport property and thermal management during evaporation is worth exploring. In this paper, poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) sponges were prepared by a chemical foaming method, adjusted the PVA polymerization degree, and formaldehyde-hydroxyl ratio to regulate the pore size, and polypyrrole (PPy) was grown in situ on the surface skeleton of PVA sponge to construct a new interfacial solar evaporator (PPy/PVA) with different pore structures. As the size of the evaporator pore changes, the trends in the water transport property and thermal management capability are opposite. Among them, the PPy/PVA-3 evaporator achieves a surface temperature of 38.9 °C and an evaporation rate of 1.764 kg m-2 h-1 under 1 Sun light. And the evaporation efficiency exceeds the theoretical limit (100%). This is because it has the optimal pore structure to balance the competition mechanism between the two aspects. At the same time, the evaporator exhibits good cyclability, stability, and self-cleaning capability. In addition, the evaporator has practical applicability with good purification of both organic dyes and seawater.

Analisis sistem pengendalian internal pemerintah atas pengelolaan barang milik daerah pada Badan Perencanaan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Daerah Kabupaten Halmahera Barat

This study aims to determine the internal control system over the management of regional property at the Regional Research and Development Planning Agency West Halmahera Regency with SPIP Number 60 of 2008. Type of research type of research used is qualitative with a descriptive approach. Research results regarding the Government Internal Control System for the Management of Regional Property Regional Property Management at the Regional Research and Development Planning Agency of West Halmahera Regency West Halmahera shows the elements of the control environment, risk assessment, information and communication, and monitoring have been carried out in accordance with PP Number 60 of 2008, while the element of control activities is not yet appropriate. This is This is because physical control over assets regarding security has not been well implemented.

Research on Evaluation of Hotel Digitization Effect Assisted by Extreme Learning Machine in Artificial Intelligence Environment

Hotels streamline operations, provide more personalized service, streamline communication, automate procedures, and gather feedback for ongoing development using modern digital technologies like customer care chatbots, mobile guest applications, and property management systems. Batch, sequential, and incremental learning all make heavy use of the Extreme Learning Machine (ELM) because of its efficient and rapid learning rate, rapid convergence, strong generalizability, and simplicity of implementation. By automating repetitive tasks, Artificial Intelligence (AI) improves the hospitality sector’s efficiency and quality on service it provides to customers and employees. Using AI-driven automated systems, hotels may improve inventory management, track and manage energy use, and simplify cleaning schedules. The challenging characteristics of smart flood detection and alert systems are that they lack expertise, streamline operations and provide personalized guest services. Hence, in the proposed method, the Artificial Intelligence Environment enabled Wireless Sensor Network (AIE-WSN), which integrates a hotel digitization effect in an ELM. In addition, case studies and expert interviews provide practical insights into how hotels have used and benefited from financial management systems driven by AI. The research shows that hotels may greatly benefit from AI tools, including personalized pricing strategies, spending monitoring systems, fraud detection algorithms, and predictive analytics when making financial decisions through WSN. The hotel industry is undergoing digitalization, adopting AI-WSN solutions to track products’ provenance and monitor their history, among the many benefits of the proposed approach. It can help with supply chain management and adopting more efficient practices.

Enhancing Energy Efficiency and Management in Smart Buildings: A Holistic Approach

Energy Efficiency and Management have advanced significantly owing to the increased global emphasis on sustainability, especially in buildings and infrastructure. The expanding global requirement for energy and the increasing environmental implications of energy consumption are the main drivers of concern regarding smart energy use in the modern world. In this regard, utilizing cleaner energy sources and maximizing energy efficiency are crucial. This study investigates the efficiency and management of energy in smart and intelligent buildings. Data were obtained by administering 100 structured questionnaires online to researchers specializing in building energy, architects and engineers, energy managers, building and property owners, property managers, and technicians, as online questionnaires can be easily distributed to many respondents, regardless of geographical location. Among these, only 92 responded to the questionnaire. Descriptive statistical analyses were performed using Microsoft Excel application software. The results revealed significant knowledge of various Energy Management Systems (BEMS), including solar Photovoltaic and HVAC systems. Key barriers to the implementation of these systems include high initial costs and limited public awareness. It was indicated that the significant contribution of supportive government policies, such as mandating intelligent sensors and automation systems and software, access to financial incentives, and establishing clear energy management goals, are the key strategies to overcome these challenges. Implementing an EEMS in smart buildings requires a multifaceted approach that combines financial support, technological integration, stakeholder engagement, and practical policy frameworks. When considered, identifying barriers and leveraging proposed strategies can significantly aid organisations and individuals in enhancing their energy efficiency efforts, ultimately leading to more sustainable building practices and reduced environmental impact.

Improving Ethical Leadership in Sustainable Public Health Through Fractal AI

This study explores innovative, ethical leadership approaches using artificial intelligence (AI) and fractal geometry in public health while fostering sustainable business practices within public health systems. The research employs a qualitative methodology based on case studies, secondary data analysis, and fractal-based AI algorithm evaluations. It examines advanced algorithms' technical applications in public health settings, improving data privacy, copyright, and intellectual property protection. The study finds that fractal algorithms offer robust solutions for promoting ethical leadership in AI-driven public health systems. Fractal geometry's complexity and self-similarity improve predictive modeling, resource allocation, and system transparency while ensuring legal and ethical compliance. By applying fractal algorithms, public health organizations can improve privacy protection, intellectual property management, and ethical governance. The study highlights the need for further research on practical applications, optimization of fractal algorithms, and overcoming the computational demands associated with their deployment in public health. Ethical leadership approaches supported by fractal algorithms can drive more equitable and secure public health interventions, enhancing trust in AI-driven solutions and reducing healthcare access and outcomes disparities. This research presents a novel integration of fractal geometry and AI to address critical ethical issues in public health, providing innovative solutions for data privacy, intellectual property protection, and ethical leadership practices.

Examination Process Modeling for Intelligent Patent Management: A Multi-aspect Neural Sequential Approach

Recently, the booming growth of patent applications has brought an unprecedented challenge in performing efficient intellectual property management. Therefore, intelligent approaches are urgently needed to analyze intrinsic patterns of patents. However, a long-standing obstacle is the lack of effective methods for modeling the dynamic and diverse examination process of patent applications, which can benefit a wide range of downstream tasks for patent management. In fact, the major challenges lie in how to discover and integrate domain-specific properties from large-scale unlabeled examination data. To this end, in this paper, we propose a Self-supervised Examination Process Modeling (SEPM) framework to learn the contextualized embedding for patents through modeling their examination processes. Specifically, we first design a multi-aspect event embedding layer, which leverages the fine-tuned language model, frequent-pattern embedding, and time encoding to capture the semantic, frequent-pattern and temporal information of examination events, respectively. Then, a mutual-information-aware integration layer is applied to fuse the extracted features into multi-aspect embedding considering their mutual interactions. Further, we develop a multi-objective sequential neural network for learning the contextualized patent representation, which is achieved through jointly learning two self-supervised objectives, namely event code and event lag auto-regression. To explore the application potential of SEPM, we fine-tune the well-trained model for three important downstream tasks of patent management, including the prediction of next events, patent classification, and grant prediction. In the end, extensive experiments with real-world data from the US Patent and Trademark Office verify the effectiveness and application prospects of the proposed framework.

Phosphorus Dynamics in Managed and Natural Soils: SEM-PLS Analysis of Vaccinium, Forest, and Grassland Ecosystems.

Phosphorus (P) availability in soils is often constrained by its accumulation in non-labile phosphorus (NLP) forms, limiting its accessibility to plants. This study examines how soil physical properties, chemical characteristics, and climatic conditions influence phosphorus fractionation and the transformation of NLP into plant-available labile phosphorus (LP). Utilizing global structural equation modeling (SEM), we found that silt content enhances organic phosphorus fractions, including NaHCO3-Po and NaOH-Po. In the upper 30 cm of soil, pH decreases the availability of NaHCO3-Po and NaOH-Po while stabilizing NLP, highlighting its essential role in phosphorus cycling under acidic conditions. In deeper soil layers, pH facilitates phosphorus mobilization from NLP pools, with effects varying across fractions. Long-term studies on Japanese Vaccinium soils reveal that pH and electrical conductivity (EC) management significantly promote NLP-to-LP conversion, primarily through NaOH-Po, thereby improving phosphorus use efficiency. These findings underscore the critical importance of prioritizing chemical property management over physical modifications to optimize nutrient cycling, preserve soil fertility, and reduce reliance on external phosphorus inputs in agricultural systems. Our study emphasizes the need for integrated approaches to achieve sustainable phosphorus management in both natural and managed ecosystems.

Resilience and family farming: overview and insights in scientific research

ABSTRACT The significance of family farming in the design of agricultural systems that are more sustainable and resilient to shocks and stresses is becoming increasingly recognized. In this study, we employed a biometric approach to analyze scientific production on family farming and resilience between 2009 and 2023, using the Web of Science database. We found 138 papers, authored by researchers from 64 countries, with a particular emphasis on European and American countries. The publications were mainly concentrated in research areas such as Environmental Sciences and Ecology, Agriculture and Science and Technology, and there was a significant increase in publications over the twenty-year period. Brazil stands out as a leader in publications (n = 25) among the 10 countries with the highest number of articles. The studies conducted by Brazilian researchers focused mostly on the “governance and institutions” dimension. The main topics identified in the articles were “strategies,” “climate change,” “agroecology,” “food security,” and COVID-19. Factors contributing to the resilience of family farming included mainly diversification of agricultural activities, property management, farmers’ traditional knowledge, and agricultural public policies. The increasing number of publications indicates a shift in the approach to family farming, prompted by the need to tackle challenges such as economic shocks and climate change.

Characterization of biochar from orange tree residues and its effect on the growth of Handroanthus impetiginosus (Mart. ex DC.) Mattos seedlings

Biochar has traditionally been used as a soil amendment to improve plant growth by adding and increasing nutrient availability, becoming a promising alternative or complementation to mineral fertilization. In this study, the role of biochar in soil modification and its relevant effects on the production of Handroanthus impetiginosus seedlings were evaluated. To produce biochar, orange tree waste was used, and its chemical and physical characteristics were assessed. For the effect of biochar on seedling production, five doses of biochar were used (0%, 5%, 10%, 20%, and 40%), in the presence [presence of Nitrogen-Phosphorus-Potassium (P/NPK)] and absence of mineral fertilizer (A/NPK). The addition of biochar as a substrate component significantly influenced the physical and chemical properties of the soil, increasing the carbon level, pH, and porosity. Biochar from orange tree residues showed suitable properties for use as a conditioner for substrates in the production of Handroanthus impetiginosus seedlings. Positive effects were observed for the treatment with 5% biochar without mineral fertilizer, which promoted increases in morphophysiological parameters, while higher concentrations (20 and 40%) provided lower values for the evaluated parameters. Like this, the application of biochar can be used to accelerate the production of Handroanthus impetiginosus seedlings, with better management of nutrients and soil properties, reducing dependence on chemical fertilizers.

Electroactive Asymmetric Dressing for Spatiotemporal Deep Burn Scarless Healing and Management.

Burn care and treatment differ markedly from other types of wounds, as they are significantly more prone to infections and struggle to maintain fluid balance post-burn. Moreover, the limited self-healing abilities exacerbate the likelihood of scar formation, further complicating the recovery process. To tackle these issues, an asymmetric wound dressing comprising a quercetin-loaded poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-4-hydroxybutyrate) (P34HB@Qu) hydrophilic layer and a zinc oxide nanoparticle-loaded, thermally treated polyvinylidene fluoride (HPVDF@ZnO) hydrophobic layer is designed. This dressing provided antibacterial property and exudate management in the early stages of burn treatment, preventing infection and maintaining moisture balance at the wound site. As healing progresses, the electroactive properties of HPVDF@ZnO and quercetin from P34HB@Qu synergistically regulate cell migration and differentiation, accelerating wound healing and facilitating scar-free regeneration. Furthermore, the wound dressing assisted in the regeneration of skin appendages. This study underscores the full-cycle strategy of versatile wound dressings for spatiotemporal burn wound management from injury to scarless healing.

Unveiling the path to success: critical factors for success and failure of university startups

This study aims to identify the factors that influence the success and failure of university-incubated startups. A systematic review methodology based on the Methodi Ordinatio framework was employed. The research was conducted on the Science Direct, Scopus, and Web of Science databases, totaling 108 articles. After removing duplicates and articles unrelated to the theme, 43 studies remained. Applying the InOrdinatio equation refined the selection to 30 articles, reaching the saturation point of the research corpus. It was found that the maturity of innovation departments, entrepreneurial culture, intellectual property management, institutional adaptability, entrepreneurship-oriented education, gender equity, and governmental support are essential for the success of these startups. Conversely, the main challenges to failure include legal difficulties, the need to enhance educational and institutional support, restricted access to funding, the absence of mentoring networks, and the importance of aligning universities with the broader entrepreneurial ecosystem. It is concluded that the success of university-incubated startups results from a multifactorial set, essentially depending on an integrated innovative ecosystem, institutional and governmental support, and robust entrepreneurial training. At the same time, failure often reflects inadequate funding and mentorship.

The role and place of federal state unitary enterprises in the sphere of state property management.

The article is devoted to the problem of the organization of professional management of objects of the treasury of the Russian Federation in the light of the goals and objectives defined by the State Program “Federal Property Management” approved by the Government of the Russian Federation, in terms of securing property on the right of economic management for federal state unitary enterprises (FSUE) under the jurisdiction of the Federal Agency for State Property Management (Rosimushchestvo), in order to maintain the objects in proper condition technical condition, commercial use, reduction of facilities, not involved in economic turnover, replenishment of the federal budget. The purpose of the work is to propose ways to organize a management mechanism at the federal level aimed at using extra-budgetary mechanisms for maintaining federally owned facilities or properties and involving them in economic turnover with the involvement of commercial organisations —FGUP. The proposed ways and methods of management may allow using a more flexible mechanism for the extra-budgetary maintenance of federally owned real estate objects, their commercial use, involvement in economic turnover, with the transfer of part of the income received to the federal budget or their use for the purchase of both real estate objects for state needs based on a decision of the Government of the Russian Federation and movable property with subsequent transfer to the Treasury of the Russian Federation.

Patent research in academic literature. Landscape and trends with a focus on patent analytics.

Patent analytics is crucial for understanding innovation dynamics and technological trends. However, a comprehensive overview of this rapidly evolving field is lacking. This study presents a data-driven analysis of patent research, employing citation network analysis to categorize and examine research clusters. Here, we show that patent research is characterized by interconnected themes spanning fundamental patent systems, indicator development, methodological advancements, intellectual property management practices, and diverse applications. We reveal central research areas in patent strategies, technological impact, and patent citation research while identifying emerging focuses on environmental sustainability and corporate innovation. The integration of advanced analytical techniques, including AI and machine learning, is observed across various domains. This study provides insights for researchers and practitioners, highlighting opportunities for cross-disciplinary collaboration and future research directions.

Winning Leadership and Management Strategies in Real Estate Organization

In the dynamic real estate industry, successful leadership and management strategies often involve effective communication, strategic decision-making, and strong team collaboration. A winning strategy is essential to ensure business sustainability, maintain the company’s good image, and adapt to current changes. In a different case for real estate organizations specifically, the top management needs to ensure that the organizations are running by adhering to the Board of Valuers, Appraisers, Estate Agents, and Property Managers (BOVAEP) requirements. Besides, there are specific codes of ethics for a professional in delivering business services to clients. Following the special essentials that the top management needs to be aware of, this research aims to identify the issues and challenges in managing real estate organizations. Secondly, this research seeks to investigate the leadership management strategies in the real estate organization for business continuity. The research methodology adopts a qualitative approach through comprehensive interviews with eleven registered valuers as the professional, who is the resident valuer, and the top management in the real estate organization. The data collected is analyzed using content analysis. The research findings result in a better understanding and clear mapping of winning leadership management strategies focusing on real estate organizations running the real estate company. This research contributes to effective human resource management, efficient business organization, and, most importantly, business sustainability.

Reconstruction of the Management, Utilization and Sale of Waqf Property in Indonesia from the Perspective of Maqāsid Shari'ah

This article is about the reconstruction of the management, empowerment and trading of waqf assets in Indonesia from the perspective of Maqāsid Ash-Shari'ah. The method used in this research is typologically, this research is a model of Islamic legal research categorized as qualitative research, besides that this research category is library research which aims to explore and search for maqāsîd ash-sharî'ah concepts from classical and contemporary uṣûl al-fiqh experts, whose data are obtained from searching for reading sources to obtain primary legal materials, secondary legal materials, and tertiary materials. The results of the research can be concluded that referring to historical facts, at least three periods can be distinguished, namely the period before independence, the period after independence, and the period after the enactment of Government Regulation (PP) No. 28 of 1977 concerning the Endowment of Owned Land, then promulgated Law No. 41 of 2004 concerning Waqf, which was signed by the President of the Republic of Indonesia (SBY) on October 2, 2004. A few years later, Government Regulation No. 42/2006 on the Implementation of the Law was issued. From the perspective of maqāsid ash-shari'ah, the management and utilization, including selling waqf assets that are no longer productive, badly damaged, and almost lost their usefulness, is basically the purpose of the waqf asset itself, which is to fulfill the needs and interests of the community.

Exploration and Future Development Direction of Electrical Engineering and Automation in Office Property Management

The application of electrical automation technology in office property management has become an important trend in the industry. This paper discusses the exploration and future development direction of electrical engineering and automation in the property management of office buildings. By using advanced sensor technology, intelligent control algorithm, and Internet of Things technology, the electrical automation system can realize intelligent monitoring, control, and management of the internal equipment and facilities of office buildings, improve the energy efficiency, safety, and comfort of office buildings, and reduce the cost of property management and human investment. With the continuous development and application of new technologies such as artificial intelligence, big data analysis, and sustainable development, the role of electrical automation technology in office property management will become increasingly important. The key development directions include strengthening technology standardization and normalization, optimizing user experience and demand customization, and strengthening talent training and technology popularization. Through continuous technological innovation and application practice, electrical automation technology will bring more opportunities and challenges to office property management, and promote the intelligent, green, and sustainable development of the industry.

Analysis of Real Estate Records in FB&H

The long-standing tradition of real estate registration in Bosnia and Herzegovina has led to the development of several different models for recording real estate information. From the time of the Ottoman Empire to the present day, various authorities have taken charge, each leaving its own mark on the methods of recording real estate and property rights. This paper examines the current state of cadastral and land registry records in the Federation of B&H, as well as the human resources and geodetic equipment available to municipal and city services. The research findings indicate that changes in laws affecting property record-keeping have had significant impacts, resulting in a highly diverse situation regarding real estate records in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina today. This paper provides an accurate overview of the current state of real estate records and offers a solid foundation for making decisions and planning improvements to the management of property records and rights.

IMPACT OF THE USE OF LIDOCAINE AND MAGNESIUM SULFATE AS ANESTHETIC ADJUVANTS ON POSTOPERATIVE PAIN

Local anesthetics such as lidocaine and NMDA receptor antagonists, like magnesium sulfate, have shown promise in the management of acute pain, offering antinociceptive, antihyperalgesic, and anti-inflammatory properties. However, despite being accessible and economically viable solutions, there are still gaps in knowledge. In this context, this study aims to review the scientific literature on the impact of using lidocaine and magnesium sulfate as adjuvants during anesthesia on postoperative pain intensity. The methodology of this study consisted of a narrative literature review, aimed at evaluating the effectiveness of analgesia using lidocaine and magnesium sulfate in reducing postoperative pain. To ensure the quality of the review, the SANRA (Scale for the Quality Assessment of Narrative Review Articles) was applied. The selection of articles was carried out through searches in the Pubmed (Medline), Embase, and Web of Science databases. Only full-text articles published in the last ten years were included, ensuring the relevance and timeliness of the evidence analyzed. Based on the analysis of the available studies, it can be concluded that, although lidocaine and magnesium sulfate show potential as effective adjuvants in perioperative analgesia, further research is needed to confirm their efficacy and safety.

Delivering Spatial Justice to Wildlife: Merleau-Ponty and the Politics of Inhabitation

Spatial justice recognises that spatial meanings contribute to the production of legal meanings and therefore play a role in shaping how the law delivers (in)justice. This article explores how wildlife can and should be treated as a beneficiary of spatial justice, that is, recognised as a co-producer of the real and legal meaning of property, and therefore included in any discussions regarding the management or use of property. We can enact such a change by reflecting on how the law encounters wildlife and challenging the anthropocentric and spatial presuppositions that inform these encounters. I demonstrate how phenomenology can fulfil this critical role. Building on Merleau-Ponty’s phenomenological account of bodies and their own spatiality, this article develops a politics of spatial inhabitation that can articulate and recognise nonhumans as co-productive agents in the production, interpretation, and enforcement of property.