With the rapid development of data mining and dynamic data modeling, this technology has been applied in most groups. In recent years, with the continuous development of the data processing technology, society has entered the digital era. Big data technology is widely used in economics, medicine, computer, and other fields. Based on the development status of the big data technology, an association rule mining algorithm Apriori is proposed to study the characteristics of massive data in a university management system. Combined with the big data discrete dynamic modeling technology, the cloud storage problem in the management system is optimized and improved. Dynamic modeling technology is used to optimize the energy-saving and energy storage functions of the system. Secondly, the Apriori algorithm is used to mine the student achievement data, and the factors affecting the change of student achievement are analyzed. Finally, the running efficiency of the whole university management system is dynamically modeled and analyzed. The results show that the system performance of Apriori algorithm mining has high client compatibility. Association rule algorithm is mainly used in student personality analysis and personal information management, The algorithm used in this paper can optimize the overall performance of the university management system and has certain effectiveness and applicability. It can quickly query the required information under the background of big data and has strong applicability. Dynamic modeling and optimization of the storage system can also improve the utilization of the storage system.