Leadership Management Research Articles

Impact of Nurse Manager's Attributes on Multi-Cultural Nursing Teams: A Scoping Review.

As global migration increases, nurse managers' effectiveness in multi-cultural nursing work environments is crucial due to the rising cultural diversity within healthcare teams. Despite the increasing international recruitment of qualified nurses to address the worldwide nursing shortage, no studies have synthesised the impact of nurse managers' attributes on nurses in multi-cultural nursing teams. Therefore, it was conducted a literature review aimed to synthesise the available literature on how nurse managers' personality traits, competencies, behaviours, and leadership styles influence nurse outcomes in multi-cultural nursing teams. Scoping review conducted according to the Joanna Briggs Institute guidelines to map the relationship or influence of nurse managers' personality traits, competencies, behaviours, and leadership styles on the outcomes of nurses in multi-cultural settings across various clinical environments. Searches were conducted across electronic databases such as CINAHL and MEDLINE, along with grey literature. This review included 39 studies, highlighting 29 personality traits, 9 competencies, 115 behaviours, and 5 leadership styles that impact nurses' outcomes. Key findings emphasise the importance of nurse managers being supportive, culturally competent, and effective communicators, with transformational leadership style being particularly beneficial. These findings provide insights for planning and developing training programmes to equip current and future nurse managers with skills to effectively lead in multi-cultural care settings.

Food service management perspectives on reducing sodium content in foods served: Opportunities and challenges

Abstract Between Fall 2017 and Spring 2018, the Los Angeles County Sodium Reduction Initiative interviewed food service management leaders and staff from eight public and private institutions in Southern California (three universities, four hospitals, and one senior meal program) to identify opportunities and challenges in reducing sodium content for the foods they sell, serve, and produce. Interviews were transcribed, collated, and analyzed using content analysis with thematic sorting and coding. Interviewees identified several opportunities: (1) group purchasing through a large organizational membership; (2) a supportive organizational culture; (3) organized strategies to replace high-sodium products; and (4) access to software resources to manage food inventories. Challenges included (1) negative customer/staff receptivity to low-sodium options; (2) lack of kitchen infrastructure/equipment; (3) low availability of healthy foods; and (4) limited program evaluation capacity. Collectively, these findings provide practice-based insights into how these factors contributed to sodium reduction efforts in these institutions.

Social Justice and Credible Leadership in the 21st Century University Leadership and Management

In this study we examined social justice and credible leadership in the 21st century university leadership and management. The research employed a correlational survey design. The population of the study comprised of academic staff of selected universities in the South-South geo political zone of Nigeria. The selected universities are University of Port Harcourt, University of Calabar, University of Delta, Niger Delta University, and University of Benin. The sample for the study comprised forty academic staff from each of the universities who were randomly selected after stratification. Out of the 240 questionnaires were distributed, only 214 copies were retrieved, of which 11 copies were invalid because some of the items were not answered, leaving the researcher with only 203(84.5%) response rate that were considered manageable for the data analysis. The study utilized a self-structured questionnaire titled Social Justice in Education Questionnaire (SJEQ) and Credible Leadership in University Management Questionnaire (CLUMQ), the Questionnaire consisted of three sections. Section ‘A’ gathered information on respondents demographic data, Section ‘B’ contained 15 items that addressed the research questions, and Section ‘C’ included 10 items that are related to Credible Leadership in University leadership and Management. Respondents rated items on a 4-point Likert scale, ranging from 1 (Very Low Extent) to 4 (Very High Extent). Data collection was done from February to May 2024. The instrument underwent face and content validity by experts in measurement and evaluation in two Nigerian universities, and the internal consistency was verified using Cronbach's alpha and reliability indices of α = .872 and .789 were obtained respectively, the indices were considered very reliable. The questionnaires were administered with the help of two trained research assistants who assisted in ensuring instant retrieval of the instrument distribution to the selected academic staff members. Descriptive statistics: means and standard deviations were used to answer the research questions, while linear regression statistic was employed to test research hypotheses at .05 level of significance. The findings of this study revealed a positive relationship between social justice practices and leadership and management credibility in the 21st. The study concluded that the integration of social justice principles into leadership and management practices within university systems are essential. Amongst other things, the study recommended that University leaders should prioritize equitable resource allocation to ensure that all departments and programs receive the necessary resources to thrive.

RESEARCH INTERESTS OF RUSSIAN SCIENTISTS IN THE FIELD OF LEADERSHIP IN MANAGEMENT: PUBLICATION ON CONTENT ANALYSIS

The article contains the results of a content analysis of scientific publications for 2023, dedicated to leadership in management, governance and management, related to the topic “Economics. Economic Sciences". The material for the analysis was scientific publications posted on the portal of the scientific electronic library eLIBRARY.RU, and the analysis was carried out using Python libraries. The article discusses the problem of finding the most relevant areas of research by Russian authors studying leadership in management in 2023. The idea is substantiated that with the help of statistical analysis of the frequency of use of words and phrases (bigrams and trigrams) it is possible to identify the most popular topics of leadership in management among researchers. To conduct the study, 61 scientific publications were used. The frequency of use of words and phrases (bigrams and trigrams) was analyzed to identify the most popular topics. It was revealed that the attention of researchers dealing with leadership in management was related to issues of organization, system, state, modernity and role. Determined: frequently encountered topics in research turned out to be problems in the field of studying public administration, as well as the roles and tools of leadership in management. Compiled: a graph of word frequency distribution (without the words “leadership”, “management”, “management”, “management”) and a cloud of frequently occurring words. The practical significance of the study has been proven: when reading this material, you can see on which topics on leadership in management/governance/governance the largest number of works have been published, and which topics have been studied to a lesser extent. The results of the study can serve as the basis for a number of subsequent studies related to leadership in management/management and management, reproducing the method used in the work.

A predictive model for collaborative leadership in digital transformation: Does it make a difference in Oman’s e-government performance?

PurposeThis paper aims to investigate the role of collaborative leadership in government digital transformation in the Sultanate of Oman. To analyze collaborative leadership, the research examines four exogenous variables: self-directed team, power-sharing, relational intelligence and agility. The endogenous variable chosen to represent Oman's e-Government performance is organizational performance.Design/methodology/approachA quantitative method was applied to gather cross-sectional data in a questionnaire survey. Using a stratified sampling technique, the data were collected from 100 information and communication technology and e-government officials who assume leadership responsibilities. Partial least square structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) examined measurement and structural models.FindingsThe role of collaborative leadership in the performance of government digital transformation in the Sultanate of Oman was examined in this study. Collaborative leadership was categorized into four exogenous variables: self-directed team, power-sharing, relational intelligence and agility. Oman’s e-government performance operationalized as the organizational performance was selected as the endogenous variable. The results show that the self-directed team and agility components of collaborative leadership significantly positively impacted the performance of government digital transformation in the Sultanate of Oman.Research limitations/implicationsThe major limitation of this research was that the study covered only four collaborative leadership attributes: self-directed teams, power-sharing, relational intelligence and agility. The study should have covered building trust, commitment, emotional intelligence, vision and communication skills.Practical implicationsThese results are important for government policy creators and decision-makers aiming to enhance government digital transformation performance by leveraging collaborative leadership.Social implicationsAddressing collaborative leadership in management can be done through awareness of its importance to critical decision-makers and embedding it in the organization's governance, policies and human resource career path. In particular, it is recommended that public sector leaders continuously monitor self-managing teams and teamwork practices within the organization.Originality/valueThe originality and contribution of the above article lie in its investigation of the role of collaborative leadership in the context of government digital transformation in the Sultanate of Oman. The study contributes to the existing literature by examining the impact of four exogenous variables, self-directed team, power-sharing, relational intelligence and agility, on collaborative leadership. Additionally, the research uses a quantitative approach and uses PLS-SEM to analyze the data. The findings highlight the significant positive impact of self-directed team and agility components of collaborative leadership on the performance of government digital transformation. These insights provide valuable implications for government policy creators and decision-makers aiming to enhance digital transformation in the public sector by effectively implementing collaborative leadership strategies.

The importance of leadership in school management: a study at the Maricá Advanced Campus of Instituto Federal Fluminense

This work comes from the dissertation presented to the Postgraduate Program in Technical and Vocational Education and Training at the IFFluminense. The objective was to analyze the perception of the management staff of the Maricá Advanced Campus of IFFluminense regarding the topic of leadership in Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET). The population studied was 09 (nine) employees and the research took place in the second half of 2023. The study methodology was developed through bibliographical descriptive research, of qualitative nature. A field research was also carried out, using a printed questionnaire as a data collection instrument, containing structured and semi-structured questions. In carrying out the analysis of the semi-structured responses of the questionnaire, the content analysis procedure was used. The results showed that the managers who participated in the study understand leadership as an attitude, a skill or a capacity. Based on the participants' responses, it was possible to identify some important factors: contributions from leadership to improve school management and contributions from the association between leadership and school management to improving teaching in TVET.

The Influence of Personnel Management and Servant Leadership on Teacher Discipline

The Influence of Personnel Management and Servant Leadership on Teacher Discipline

Navigating organizational change: sequential vs simultaneous approaches to innovation management in modern enterprises

Purpose This study aims to explore the relationship between innovation and strategic management in contemporary enterprises, emphasizing the navigation of organizational change for sustainable competitive advantage. This study addresses the challenge of adapting to dynamic environments and the critical role of leadership, organizational culture and collaboration in successful innovation management. Design/methodology/approach The authors used the typology research design and comparative analysis to explore the principles and strategies underlying different innovation approaches. This study examines their impact on organizational structures, resource allocation and the integration of technological advancements with managerial practices. Findings The authors developed a typology of two innovation management models. The sequential approach emphasizes phased and incremental innovation, while the simultaneous approach advocates for dynamic and comprehensive integration of innovation across the organization. Each model presents distinct advantages and challenges, underscoring the need for a tailored approach based on the enterprise’s context and objectives. Mature companies may benefit from the sequential approach to gradually evolve their innovation, while new and high-tech-intensive companies can leverage the simultaneous approach for dynamic and continuous innovation. Research limitations/implications Future research should examine local bodies and trade unions’ perception on the energy crisis’ impact toward rural entrepreneurship. Practical implications The findings are useful to Greek and European policymakers and rural micro-entrepreneurs as the experience of dealing with several previous crises can be a useful tool when dealing with current and future crises. Originality/value This study enhances understanding of the complex interplay between organizational innovation and strategy. The authors recommend further exploration of emerging technologies, cultural values, collaboration, sustainable practices and changing customer behavior to boost innovation capabilities and achieve success.

Indigenous people doing citizen science to assess water quality using the BMWP in rivers of an arid semi-arid biosphere reserve in Mexico

Arid and semi-arid areas are among the most threatened ecosystems on the planet. The Tehuacán-Cuicatlán Biosphere Reserve (TCBR), in southeastern Mexico, is an arid and semi-arid area with high biological diversity and human settlements of eight ethnic groups. Two rivers drain the reserve, Río Grande (RG) and Río Salado (RS), which are not subject to water quality monitoring by government agencies; however, measures of water quality of these rivers are needed to focus conservation actions on this resource. This work aimed to test the effectiveness of participatory water quality monitoring with the participation of three actors: Reserve management leaders, local communities, and academics, to monitoring water quality in the rivers of the TCBR. Ninety-two residents were trained to carry out water quality biomonitoring using the Biological Monitoring Working Party (BMWP) index calibrated for the reserve. The BMWP uses macroinvertebrate families to display numerical and categorical water quality scores. Additionally, the Water Quality Index (WQI) was assessed and the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) of the riparian zones was estimated in each study site. The mean WQI scores were 69.24 for RS (no treatment necessary for most crops and necessary treatment for public water supply) and 75.16 for RG (minor purification for crops requiring high-quality water and necessary treatment for public water supply). The BMWP showed five water quality categories (Excellent, Very Good, Good, Fair, and Poor), showing higher water quality scores in the upper portion of the basins and capable of discriminating study sites with lower scores close to human settlements. At one study site, data from participatory monitoring impelled actions taken to address a pollution source and influenced policy focus, reaching the maximum level of participatory-based monitoring. This led to avoid the discharge of wastewater into the river to conserve and protect the water resource. WQI is closely related to BMWP; however, the latter was far more sensitive to detecting areas affected by domestic water discharges. The NDVI presented low values for the TCBR, being lower in RS (the driest area). Although the NDVI showed a weak relationship with BMWP values, areas with higher NDVI values generally achieved higher BMWP values. The results of this study highlight the high sensitivity of the BMWP to detect several water quality conditions in the rivers running through the TCBR when compared to WQI. In addition, the usefulness of biomonitoring using the BMWP index was evident, as well as the importance of the participation of local inhabitants contributing to the knowledge of water quality in biosphere reserves and carrying out timely measures that allow the rivers in these reserves to be maintained in good condition.

Do the Project Manager's soft skills foster knowledge sharing?

In the realm of project management, the significance of soft skills, including communication, leadership, and problem-solving, has been acknowledged as pivotal to project success. Furthermore, the role of knowledge management within projects has emerged as another critical determinant of performance enhancement. This entails disseminating best practices, lessons learned, and insights garnered throughout the project lifecycle. Thus, the Project Manager's role acts as a catalyst, cultivating an environment that promotes effective knowledge sharing.The primary objective of this study is to explore the relationship between project manager soft skills and knowledge sharing within project environments. Additionally, considering the acknowledged impact of organizational culture and environment on knowledge sharing practices, this research aims to examine the moderating effect of organizational culture in shaping the relationship between soft skills and knowledge sharing effectiveness within project contexts. A questionnaire involving project team members was conducted to find answers to these questions.Findings reveal the project manager leadership was positively associated with knowledge sharing among project management team members. This conclusion innovatively connects the importance of soft skills in fostering knowledge sharing within project teams. It places a significant emphasis on the project manager's leadership skills assigning them a key responsibility. Additionally, moderation analysis showed that knowledge creation and knowledge capture strengthened the relationship between project manager's problem-solving skills and knowledge management environment. This underscores the role of a robust organisational culture in supporting knowledge sharing, thereby enhancing the connection between problem-solving abilities and explicit knowledge sharing.

Rethinking the Role of the Principal in the Strategic Management of Human Capital in Public Secondary Schools in Zimbabwe

Effective leadership and management are at the centre of the strategic management of human capital in education. Principals in schools as organizations promote the effective execution of strategies by coordinating staff members toward accomplishing school goals and objectives to improve student outcomes. Principals are critical in implementing strategic plans and providing a conducive setting for teaching and learning that allows human capital to grow and perform better. Principals must be strategic and forward-thinking by aligning school systems, culture, and processes to achieve all goals. Principals in public secondary schools in Zimbabwe face challenges in strategically managing human capital. Evidence mainly points to the teachers’ low motivation levels and lack of training and coherence in support mechanisms that would enable principals to strategically manage human capital in Zimbabwean schools. Thus, this necessitates the need to rethink the role of the principal. The study aimed to explore ways to rethink and redefine the principal’s role in Zimbabwean schools where education is in crisis. Following an interpretivist paradigm, a qualitative approach using a case study design was employed to gather data. The study found a need for policy change to strengthen the principal’s management and instructional leadership role when managing human capital effectively in schools. Such a bold move would pave the way for an upgrade in principals’ leadership and management capacities so they can effectively manage teacher performance and thereby improve academic performance.

CULTURAL AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC FACTORS AFFECTING THE FORMATION OF LEADERSHIP IN ACHIEVING SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT: IN THE CONTEXT OF UKRAINE

New challenges for leaders in the field of sustainable management are awareness of cultural and socio-economic factors in the practice of organizational development and organizational change. The purpose of the article is to contribute to the existing body of knowledge through a systematic study of the influence of culture and socio-economic factors on the formation of leadership in the context of sustainable management. The research methodology includes a literature review, analysis of cultural and socio-economic aspects that influence the formation of leadership for sustainable management. The study is based on the analysis of empirical data obtained through questionnaires. The research results highlighted the impact of culture on leadership in Ukraine, some age differences in the perception of culture as an important element of the triad "sustainable management - leadership - cultural and socio-economic factors", the importance of socio-economic factors and the crucial role of education in the development of leadership for sustainable management. Leaders must adapt their approaches to management, considering cultural aspects, economic conditions and societal demands.

Public Administration Developments in Australia: Lessons an NPM Leader Might Draw from NWS

Australian public administration has undergone dramatic change over the last 50 years through a long sequence of incremental, pragmatic reforms. Australia was a leader of New Public Management in the 1980s and 1990s, subsequently incorporating New Public Governance measures of collaboration and networking. While some critics describe the transformation as ‘neo-liberalism’, the article favours the more neutral term, ‘managerialism’, recognising its liberal aspects but challenging claims of rolling back the role of the state. Reflecting on the overall shift today, the author concludes that the measures were not wrong but were taken too far, and important balances were lost. Looking to the future, the article calls for a major correction including reinvestment in the state, not necessarily as far as adoption of Pollitt and Bouckaert’s Neo-Weberian State but drawing important lessons from that paradigm.

Veterinary Telemedicine in Lithuania: Analysis of the Current Market, Animal Owner Knowledge, and Success Factors for Digital Transformation of Clinics.

Veterinary telemedicine is used to provide animal health care information, education, and care remotely. Digital transformation of veterinary clinics is a fundamental process for the evolution of telemedicine and is changing the way veterinary care and animal health services are delivered. This study aimed to evaluate the current televeterinary market and to assess the knowledge of animal owners and clinic managers. The goals of this study were met by conducting an analysis of the current televeterinary market through a pet owner (n = 200) survey as well as clinic owner (n = 5) interviews. In contrast to other countries, only 1.85% of Lithuanian veterinary clinics offered a paid veterinary remote consultation service on their websites. In addition, more than half of animal owners who participated in the survey did not even know that remote veterinary consultations existed. The most important established factors for the success of digital transformation of veterinary telemedicine were investments in the marketing of the services, management leadership, the competencies and experience of veterinarians, convenient working hours for the client, faster service availability, and lower price. It is recommended to involve marketing and information technology company professionals and to invest in the specialty, digital, and communication skills of veterinarians.

Relationship between leadership and work readiness in a cohort of new head nurses in China: A cross-sectional study.

To identify the relationship between leadership and work readiness in a cohort of new head nurses in China. This cross-sectional study enrolled 225 newly appointed head nurses in public tertiary hospitals in China, which were selected using convenience sampling. Data were collected using online questionnaires that included a sociodemographic characteristics form, the Nursing Managers Leadership Scale (NMLS), and the New Nurse Leaders' Job Readiness Scale (NNLJRS). IBM SPSS v.25 was used for statistical analysis. The overall mean scores of NMLS (100.50 ± 17.64) and NNLJRS (111.90 ± 15.84) of the 225 new nurse leaders were at moderate levels. The results of the Pearson correlation analysis and the hierarchical regression analysis further indicated that there was a significant positive correlation between leadership and work readiness of new head nurses (r = 0.85, P < .001), as well as charisma (β = 0.19, P < .01), affinity (β = 0.18, P < .01), coordination ability (β = 0.32, P < .01), and motivational ability (β = 0.21, P < .01) in leadership were found to be positively associated with work readiness. This study found that the leadership and work readiness of the new head nurses still needed improvement. A significant relationship was found between these 2 variables, and charisma, affinity, coordination ability, and motivational ability in the leadership ability of the new head nurses facilitated the level of work readiness. Nursing administration should create a leadership development series program focusing on the development of charisma, affinity, coordination ability, and motivational ability to support the work readiness of new nurse managers and help them with role transition.

LEADERSHIP TRAITS OF NURSE MANAGERS AND NURSE STAFF COMMITMENT IN THE PHILIPPINES HOSPITALS

Background: Effective nurse leadership significantly influences healthcare service quality. Nurse managers' leadership impacts staff nurse commitment, patient outcomes, and organizational success. Aims: To examine nurse manager leadership traits and their relationship with staff nurse commitment in a government hospital. Methods: Descriptive-inferential correlation research with stratified and randomized nurse managers (n = 21) and staff nurses (n = 117) as participants from five selected hospitals at Lanao del Norte. Adopted questionnaires on leadership traits and commitment were used and data were analyzed using frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation in SPSS v.25. Results: The result shows that nurse manager leadership qualities are usually valid for a leader who encourages others to do what is right, gives subordinates continuing education, and is an ethical and self-confident leader. Their staff nurses believed positive components of the leadership traits of nurse managers were sometimes true. Staff nurses were generally still deciding whether they were committed to their work effectively, continuously, or normatively. Nurse managers' leadership traits are significantly related to the staff nurses' affective, continuance, and normative commitment. Conclusion: Fostering positive leadership through education and supportive environments enhances staff nurse commitment and job satisfaction, reducing nurse turnover and improving nursing care quality. Keywords: commitment, leadership traits, leadership qualities, nurse manager, nurse staff

A review of empirical studies of co-principalship: antecedents, constellation-level outcomes and the issue of trust

ABSTRACT This literature review focuses on managerial shared leadership in the education sector, commonly conceptualized as co-principalship. School principals’ difficult work situation, in combination with school leadership being significant for students’ learning, call for organizational solutions where co-principalship can be a part. This review aims to deepen knowledge about co-principalship by focusing on its antecedents and constellation-level outcomes, and their relationship to trust in co-principalship. A secondary aim is to discuss the role of trust theory in empirical co-principalship studies. The promotion of antecedent conditions was found significant for the success of co-principalship. Three types of antecedent were identified: organization-level antecedents, antecedents in relation to staff and others, and constellation-level antecedents. A number of advantages were reported for the sharing principals themselves, including reduced workload and improved work-life balance. The constellation level is where the principals in their interaction continuously build trust, and where either trust or distrust are produced. A variety of both positive and negative outcomes were reported. The empirical literature reviewed was shallow in terms of understanding trust beyond that it is critical for success in co-principalship. Theory-based studies are suggested as a way to deepen understanding of trust content and development with regards to co-principalship.

Enhancing Islamic Education: The Role of Madrasah-Based Management in Islamic Boarding Schools

This study aims to analyze the contribution of madrasah-based Islamic education management, focusing on planning, organizing, implementing, supervising, and assessing. The research highlights the potential of effective management practices within madrasahs to enhance the quality of education, particularly in Islamic boarding schools (pesantren). Using a qualitative approach and a case study design, this research seeks to reveal empirical facts objectively and scientifically, supported by strong methodology and theory. Data collection methods include observations, interviews, and documentation, while data analysis follows a systematic process involving data collection, analysis, and conclusion drawing. The findings underscore the significant role of madrasah-based management in improving education quality at Madrasah Aliyah in the Darussalam Bermi Islamic Boarding School. Key contributions include the proactive leadership of boarding school authorities, collaboration with stakeholders, integration of a dual curriculum (government and pesantren-specific), and the resulting high quality of graduates. The collaboration between stakeholders and the dual curriculum system significantly impacts educational outcomes, as evidenced by the alumni's quality. The study indicates that madrasah-based management practices, particularly the dual curriculum, do not present significant issues within pesantren. Instead, these practices positively impact educational quality. Effective management strategies, leadership, and stakeholder collaboration are crucial to this success. The integration of the Ministry of Religion’s curriculum with the boarding school’s specific curriculum demonstrates adaptability and effectiveness. This study provides a foundational understanding of madrasah-based Islamic education management’s contribution to improving educational quality. The successful implementation of a dual curriculum and stakeholder involvement are key factors. These findings offer a framework for further research into the contributions and best practices of madrasah-based management in Islamic education.

Emergent in Strategic Management, Theories, and Strategic Leadership: Implications of Absorptive, Adaptive, and Managerial Manifold Wisdom

Emergent in Strategic Management, Theories, and Strategic Leadership: Implications of Absorptive, Adaptive, and Managerial Manifold Wisdom

Leadership and Institutional Management in Education

The objective of this study is to ascertain the management of leadership and institutions in education, specifically the Ministry of Religion, the Directorate of Islamic Religious Higher Education, and the Ministry of Education and Culture. The research methodology employed is library research. Primary data are sources that provide data directly from the first hand or are original sources. Secondary data are in the form of other books related to the problems that are the subject of discussion in this article. The steps of library research include: determining and formulating the problem or topic to be studied, collecting various written sources relevant to the research topic, and evaluating the relevance and credibility of each source after a significant literature review. The researcher then analyzes the content of the selected literature to identify patterns, themes, and trends relevant to the research topic. Finally, literature synthesis is achieved by combining information from various sources to form a more comprehensive understanding of the research topic. The results indicate that leadership management in educational institutions under the Ministry of Religious Affairs is a crucial element in the pursuit of educational excellence. Leadership management in the Directorate of Islamic Religious Higher Education (Diktis) is defined as the process of managing and organizing activities and resources in an effort to achieve the institution's strategic goals related to Islamic religious higher education in Indonesia. Leadership management at the Ministry of Education and Culture (Kemdikbud) is a process that involves the planning, organization, direction, and control of human and material resources in order to achieve national education goals.