Joint Management Research Articles

Lipids as the link between central obesity and diabetes: perspectives from mediation analysis

BackgroundCentral obesity is a well-recognized risk factor for diabetes, yet the potential role of lipids in the diabetes risk associated with central obesity remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the possible mediating role of 11 lipid parameters [high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), total cholesterol (TC), non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (Non-HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglycerides (TG), remnant cholesterol (RC), and ratios of Non-HDL-C/HDL-C, RC/HDL-C, LDL/HDL-C, TG/HDL-C, TC/HDL-C] in the association of central obesity with diabetes risk.MethodsWe utilized data from 15,453 participants in the NAGALA longitudinal cohort to assess the association of baseline central obesity indicators [waist-height ratio (WHtR), waist circumference (WC)] and the 11 lipid parameters with diabetes risk. Mediation analysis models were constructed to explore the mediating role of lipid parameters in the association of WC/WHtR with diabetes.ResultsConfirmatory associative analysis using multivariable Cox regression showed that, except for Non-HDL-C, TC and LD-C, the remaining eight lipid parameters were significantly associated with WC/WHtR and diabetes risk. Mediation analysis indicated that TG, RC, HDL-C, and lipid ratios such as Non-HDL-C/HDL-C ratio, RC/HDL-C ratio, TG/HDL-C ratio, TC/HDL-C ratio and LDL/HDL-C ratio are potential lipids affecting the diabetes risk related to central obesity. Among these, the RC/HDL-C ratio seemed to contribute the most in the WC/WHtR-related diabetes risk association, with a mediation percentage of about 37%. Additionally, lipid ratio parameters appeared to play a more mediating role in the association of central obesity-related diabetes risk than individual lipids.ConclusionsIn central obesity-related diabetes risk, most lipids, especially lipid ratio parameters, play a significant mediating role. Given these findings, we advocate for increased efforts in multifactorial risk monitoring and joint management of diabetes. The evaluation of lipids, particularly lipid ratio parameters, may be holds substantial value in the prevention and management of diabetes risk under close monitoring of central obesity.

Total Temporomandibular Joint Replacement by Samsid Customized Joint Prosthesis: A Case Report with 16 Years of Follow-Up

AbstractTotal temporomandibular joint replacement (TMJR) is a surgical intervention employed for the management of advanced temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders, particularly when autogenous grafts are not recommended. With stainless steel implant of glenoid fossa attempted for the correction of ankylosis in the 1960s, total TMJR—which minimizes foreign body reaction and consists of highly biocompatible materials such as Cr-Co-Mo alloy, titanium, and ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene—began to be applied. These alloplastic prostheses are available in both standardized and customized forms, comprising components for the mandibular condyle and glenoid fossa. The present case report presents India's first TMJR in a 12-year-old female patient with TMJ ankylosis. Total TMJR was done in her with India's first customized TMJ prosthesis (Samsid TMJ prosthesis), which was designed and manufactured by the author for the first time in India. This study presents a 16-year follow-up of customized TMJR, addressing TMJ ankylosis. Our research showcases the long-term success of Samsid TMJ prostheses in improving pain, oral function, diet, and overall quality of life. The case report also highlights the potential of Samsid TMJ prostheses as a valuable solution for TMJ patients, emphasizing the importance of tailored solutions for lasting joint function restoration. The results presented indicate that the Samsid patient-fitted total TMJR system remains a secure, efficient, and dependable long-term treatment option for the particular patient demographic examined in this research.

The impact of economic, social and health crises on victims of domestic violence

Aim: The situation of victims of domestic violence and partner abuse becomes even more serious in crisis situations. There have been and are ongoing conflicts in the world, which have been scrutinised by economists, sociologists, criminologists, health professionals and lawyers alike in recent years. The latest related research worldwide provides a lot of important new information that can help prepare for the problem and provide professionally competent answers. Methodology: A selection of research conducted in different parts of the world. Summary reports were prepared to shed light on similarities and differences. Findings: It is clear from the processed literature that the individual forms of violence are connected in crisis situations and pose an even greater danger. Violence at the macro level, such as war, also increases violent conflict at the micro level. The crises caused by the fear of COVID, the lockdown, war conflicts, hunger, and the climate disaster spill over into family homes and make the victims of domestic violence and partner abuse even more vulnerable. Most of the processed materials analyse research born after COVID. The COVID–19 epidemic also provided many lessons regarding the management and prevention of the economic effects of future natural disasters and the associated increased domestic violence. Value: Analyses point to relationships that need further research and evaluation. In the future, macro- and micro-level violence research must be continued, common global results must be aggregated, and complex, global solutions must be developed. International organisations must continue to collect data and provide clear guidelines to public bodies and social organisations for the joint management of macro- and micro-level problems.

A gazdasági, társadalmi és egészségügyi válságok hatása a családon belüli erőszak áldozataira

Aim: The situation of victims of domestic violence and partner abuse becomes even more serious in crisis situations. There have been and are ongoing conflicts in the world, which have been scrutinized by economists, sociologists, criminologists, health professionals and lawyers alike in recent years. The latest related research worldwide provides a lot of important new information that can help prepare for the problem and provide professionally competent answers. Methodology: A selection of research conducted in different parts of the world. Summary reports were prepared to shed light on similarities and differences. Findings: It is clear from the processed literature that the individual forms of violence are connected in crisis situations and pose an even greater danger. Violence at the macro level, such as war, also increases violent conflict at the micro level. The crises caused by the fear of COVID, the lockdown, war conflicts, hunger, and the climate disaster spill over into family homes and make the victims of domestic violence and partner abuse even more vulnerable. Most of the processed materials analyse research born after COVID. The COVID-19 epidemic also provided many lessons regarding the management and prevention of the economic effects of future natural disasters and the associated increased domestic violence. Value: Analyses point to relationships that need further research and evaluation. In the future, macro- and micro-level violence research must be continued, common global results must be aggregated, and complex, global solutions must be developed. International organizations must continue to collect data and provide clear guidelines to public bodies and social organizations for the joint management of macro- and micro-level problems.

Efficacy of added splint therapy after arthrocentesis vs arthrocentesis alone in the management of temporomandibular joint disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Occlusal splints are commonly used in the management of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders (TMD). However, it is unclear if it should be used after a second-line therapy like arthrocentesis. We systematically reviewed the evidence on the efficacy of post-arthrocentesis splint therapy in the management of TMD. PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, CENTRAL, and Google Scholar were searched for studies published until 5th August 2024. The outcomes assessed were pain and maximal mouth opening (MMO). Eight studies were included. Five studies reported data for the meta-analysis. The pooled analysis found that there was no statistically significant difference in pain scores in the arthrocentesis + splint group vs arthrocentesis group at 1 month (MD: -0.01 95% CI: -0.46, 0.44), 3 months (MD: -0.02 95% CI: -0.67, 0.63) and 6 months (MD: 0.06 95% CI: -0.25, 0.37). The pooled analysis also showed that splint therapy after arthrocentesis may not significantly improve MMO as compared to no splint therapy at 1 month (MD: 0.08 95% CI: -2.11, 2.27), 3 months (MD: 0.76 95% CI: -0.84, 2.35) and 6 months (MD: 0.56 95% CI: -0.65, 1.78). Descriptive analysis of three studies showed that two supported the use of splints while one found no added improvement in outcomes. Limited evidence from low-quality studies shows that the use of splint therapy after arthrocentesis may not improve pain and MMO in patients with TMD. High-quality randomized controlled trials are needed to improve evidence.

The fallacy of uti possidetis juris: transboundary fishing in disputed maritime boundaries as a threat to Africa’s peace and security

ABSTRACT Africa’s oceans and seas and their resources are crucial for the economic and food security of Coastal States and Small Island Developing States (SIDS). However, sustaining these contributions is undermined by depleting resources and other security threats at sea. Given the transboundary nature of oceans resources and the threats that pervade them, maritime boundary disputes further complicate the situation, by making maritime security cooperation difficult for African countries, especially against illegal fishing. Our transdisciplinary paper draws evidence from legal, security, and development literature, policy documents, and expert insights to highlight the impact of maritime boundary disputes on maritime cooperation and security. Our argument is threefold: first, the principle of uti possidetis juris has resulted in artificial boundaries, propelling maritime boundary tensions and, arguably, in some cases, inflaming them. Second, delimitation exercises, often the outcome of applying the uti possidetis juris principle, limit opportunities for cooperation in managing shared resources and security. Third, irrespective of boundary disputes, the ambulatory nature of fish forces fishers to encroach into neighbouring waters. This paper concludes that addressing these challenges requires a comprehensive approach to oceans governance, acknowledging the transboundary nature of threats and promoting joint management arrangements as a mechanism for settling boundary disputes.

Understanding and Addressing Non-Payment of Housing Maintenance Fees in Klang Valley: Challenges and Solutions

Housing maintenance fees are essential to maintaining the standard and operation of residential communities. However, non-payment issues present serious problems to the Joint Management Body (JMB) and residents due to various issues related to maintenance are delaying to be solved. Thus, this study objectively assesses the role and relationship of JMB with the respondents toward residents’ commitment and support in making payments for housing maintenance. A quantitative approach through a survey questionnaire was distributed among 31 respondents of high-rise buildings in Klang Valley for a pilot study. Four (4) independent variables were involved: the role of JMB, the relationship between residents and JMB, facilities provided, and safety and security towards the dependent variable of resident’s commitment and support. The findings show that most respondents agree that any problems related to the housing unit should be consulted with JMB and residents should get permission from JMB before proceeding with any necessary action. This study is expected to benefit JMB and residents in ensuring a sustainable harmonious housing environment in the high-rise buildings and thus contribute to the achievement of SDG 11: Sustainable Cities and Communities.

Effects of water cooling of friction stir welding of magnesium alloy stiffness joint

This study presents a comparative analysis of friction stir welding (FSW) and underwater friction stir welding (UFSW) of AZ31 magnesium alloy in T-configuration, emphasizing the effects on heat distribution, material properties, and mechanical performance. Simulation results revealed a more uniform heat distribution in both welding techniques, with the hottest area on the advancing side. The maximum temperatures recorded at the shoulder-workpiece contact were 404 °C for FSW and 349 °C for UFSW, a 13.6 % reduction in UFSW. Material velocity at the trailing edge was 63 mm/s for FSW and 42 mm/s for UFSW, showing a 34 % decrease due to lower heat generation in UFSW. Strain rates were 450 s⁻¹ for FSW and 420 s⁻¹ for UFSW. Grain size in the stir zone was 26 micrometers for FSW and 21 micrometers for UFSW, a 19 % reduction. Ultimate tensile strength (UTS) increased by 6 % in the skin direction and 12.8 % in the flange direction for UFSW compared to FSW. SEM analysis indicated enhanced ductility in UFSW fractures. These results demonstrate UFSW's superiority in improving thermal management, microstructural properties, and mechanical performance of welded joints.

The potential of small-scale owners’ associations for sustainable forest management: the case of the Czech Republic

ABSTRACT Small-scale owners constitute an essential share of private forest ownership, and their decision-making significantly affects nature conservation and landscape formation. From economic and environmental viewpoints, forest owners’ associations are one of the most effective ways to manage small-scale forest property. Using the example of the Czech Republic, this paper focuses on small-scale forest associations’ potential in sustainable forest management. For the qualitative study, the authors interviewed small-scale owners to elicit how they perceived joint management through associations and what they considered their most significant benefits and values. The findings indicate that although small-scale owners realize the importance of associations for joint forest management, they are reluctant to join or form them. Their restraints mainly result from insufficient awareness. Improving the communication strategy amongst forest policy players with small-scale owners as stakeholders on the one side and state authorities on the other is vital. The positive approach could also be reached by inevitable changes in legislation and subsidy schemes because, as they are set now, they provide little opportunity for small-scale owners to associate. The findings, however, indicate a shift from small-scale owners perceiving the forest purely economically to understanding its socio-ecological values.

Joint Management Plans in World Heritage serial nominations: the case of Álvaro Siza’s Modern Contextualism Legacy

One of the most important challenges faced by any listed cultural heritage is the development of a management system that conveys a resilient and integrated approach that can sustain its values for future generations. Management is one of the main factors affecting World Heritage Sites; thus, the increased complexity of a serial nomination enhances this risk. By integrating different stakeholders, a Joint Management Plan (JMP) is a key tool to settle common procedures and help different managers maintain a satisfactory balance in safeguarding the Outstanding Universal Value (OUV) in each component part. This paper aims to provide a framework for the development of JMPs for serial nominations, with support on the nomination proposal “Álvaro Siza’s Architecture: A Modern Contextualism Legacy”. Methods result from the cross-analysis of (i) policy analysis; (ii) archival research and digital documentation; (iii) collaborative strategies (surveys, interviews, workshops, meetings, consultations); (iv) fieldwork. Results confirmed that the development of JMPs must be sustained by an open and dynamic process, where engagement, mediation of conflicts, and flexibility are key principles. This work approaches a significant subject concerning the management of World Heritage serial nominations, focusing on JMPs for serial nominations, which are a rising trend in heritage management. A demonstration is applied to the WH nomination of works by Álvaro Siza, a prominent figure in worldwide contemporary architecture.

An empirical predator‒prey model: Examining the interaction of Florida panthers, white‐tailed deer, and cattle in Florida

AbstractIn this article, we present a predator‒prey model for Florida panthers (FL panthers), white‐tailed deer (deer) and cattle in Florida. The model is used to construct the following four policy scenarios: (a) joint management of all three species (Scenario 1); (b) a target population size of FL panthers of 240 individuals (Scenario 2); (c) a target population size of FL panthers equal to the carrying capacity (Scenario 3); and (d) a target population size of FL panthers of zero (Scenario 4) (Scenario 4). We parameterized the model for FL panthers, deer and cattle in Florida, which enables us to obtain empirical results for the population, harvest and net benefit of all three species under each policy scenario. When comparing Scenarios 1 and 2, the total net benefit of all three species is only slightly higher in the former case. Under Scenarios 3 and 4, the net benefit of deer changes significantly compared to Scenario 1, while the effect on the net benefit of cattle is minor. When comparing Scenario 1 and an actual situation, we find that the optimal population of FL panthers is only slightly higher than the actual population.

Research on the coupling coordination and spatial spillover effect of industrial development and environmental protection

ABSTRACT Analysing the coordination and spatial spillover effects between industrial development and environmental protection is crucial for regional sustainable development. This paper examines the spatial and temporal evolution characteristics of the coupling coordination level between industrial development and environmental protection, as well as the evolution of the decoupling type within this system. under the evolution of the coupling coordination mode and decoupling model. Additionally, it analyzes the spatial spillover effects using the spatial panel vector autoregression model. The main conclusions are as follows: First, the coordination level between industrial development and environmental protection is increasing over time in each province. Second, the decoupling status of industrial development and environmental protection shows distinct stages, progressing towards strong decoupling over time. Third, regional industrial development has a positive spillover effect on both industrial development and environmental protection in neighbouring regions, whereas regional environmental protection has a negative spillover effect on industrial development but a positive spillover effect on environmental protection in neighbouring regions. This paper suggests that provinces should focus on the synchronisation industrial development and environmental protection and implement differentiated strategies based on their specific conditions. Additionally, joint management and governance should be pursued between neighbouring provinces.

Factors Influencing Dental Practitioners in the Management of Temporomandibular Joint Related Disorders in Clinical Practice – A Structural Equation Modelling Approach

Factors Influencing Dental Practitioners in the Management of Temporomandibular Joint Related Disorders in Clinical Practice – A Structural Equation Modelling Approach

Integrating cultural and natural assets in marine spatial planning: A new approach for joint management of cultural and natural assets

Effective sustainable marine management requires the integration of cultural and natural assets, a practice that is rarely attempted. This study developed and tested a new method for Marine Spatial Planning (MSP) that uses interdisciplinary knowledge of the spatial distribution of cultural and natural assets in marine ecosystems along environmental and human pressure gradients and seeks to understand their interrelationships. The study focused on Estonian marine areas in the north-eastern Baltic Sea. Environmental conditions and threats were assessed, and the extent of spatial overlap between underwater cultural heritage (UCH), natural assets and conservation measures was identified. Although nature reserves and UCH sites were generally exposed to different ranges of environmental and pressure gradients, significant overlap with UCH sites was observed for certain natural assets, as well as along gradients of current velocity, oxygen concentration, bottom sediment, and human pressure. These results highlight the value of joint archaeological and ecological analyses to identify natural assets specific to UCH regions that require protection from both a natural and cultural heritage perspective.

The pressures within a changing landscape: How indigenous joint management is changing conservation management practices in Western Australia

In 2011, Western Australia introduced the requirement of “protecting and conserving the value of the land to the culture and heritage of Aboriginal persons” into the state’s Conservation and Land Management Act. While bringing little change to the Indigenous Traditional Owners’ perspectives on land management, this became a powerful driver of change within the Western Australian government since it mandates ongoing collaboration between the staff of a government department and diverse groups of Aboriginal people who have different priorities, understandings of land management and decision-making structures to those of the state. These differences between Traditional Owners and conservation managers have both demanded changes to conservation management practices and procedures and generated a source of tension that portends further changes in the state’s conservation management practices. Based on 17 interviews with Traditional Owners, state-employed conservation managers and non-Indigenous land managers working in Aboriginal organisations, we consider how joint management practices are changing the nature of official conservation management. We document the progress and achievements of joint management to date, notably in the mutual appreciation of cultural and ontological differences and identify the lack of congruence between Indigenous and non-Indigenous boundaries and timeframes as sources of tension and issues requiring ongoing improvements in joint management collaborations.

Joint Burial and Management of theUnited Nations Memorial Cemetery in Korea

Joint Burial and Management of theUnited Nations Memorial Cemetery in Korea

Spatiotemporal analysis of sand and dust emission point sources detected from satellite imagery in Syria, Jordan, and Iraq

This study utilized MODIS true color satellite imagery to analyse blowing sand and dust events dynamics in the Middle East from 2010 to 2021, focusing on Syria, Iraq, and Jordan. A total of 4923 dust point sources were detected, with a significant concentration (~90 %) located within the Tigris-Euphrates Basin (Nearest Neighbor Ratio = 0.41, р < 0.001). Land cover analysis revealed that bare land, comprising most of the study area, was the predominant source of dust emissions. Wetlands, though only constituting about 1 % of the area, showed the highest frequency of dust sources per unit area, highlighting their role as critical dust emission hotspots. The study emphasizes the impact of drought and anthropogenic factors, such as poor land management, on blowing dust intensity. It suggests the necessity of strategic land management practices, including re-vegetation of arid areas, reducing soil exposure, and implementing wind erosion control measures. To effectively address the transboundary nature of dust emissions, the findings underscore the importance of fostering regional cooperation through mechanisms such as shared environmental monitoring and data exchange platforms, joint management of cross-border natural resources, and collaborative policy making.

From maca to marijuana: cultural influences on joint pain symptoms and management in urban perimenopausal and early postmenopausal Latinas.

The purpose of this qualitative study was to explore the symptom experience and coping strategies for managing joint pain during the menopause transition in urban Latina women. We conducted focus groups with 13 English-speaking peri and early postmenopausal Latinas living in Upper Manhattan in New York City in 2014. Eligible participants were self-identified Latinas aged 45 to 60 years with new onset or worsening joint pain and spontaneous amenorrhea, recruited through flyers and snowball sampling. Focus group interviews conducted in English were audiotaped, transcribed, and analyzed by a bilingual research team, using NVivo software (QSR International) to organize and code themes. On average, participants were aged 51.7 ± 4.8 years and overweight (body mass index of 29.3 ± 6.7 kg/m 2 ); 10 (76.9%) were Puerto Rican, and the last menstrual period was 1 month to 5 years ago. The following four themes emerged: 1) menopause and joint pain are an alarming package; 2) pain disrupts life and livelihood; 3) medical management is unsatisfactory and raises worries about addiction; and 4) home remedies for coping with pain-from maca to marijuana. Despite access to a world-class medical facility in their neighborhood, women seeking pain relief preferred to self-manage joint pain with exercise, over-the-counter products, and other culturally valued home remedies. Many suffered through it. For midlife Latinas, joint pain symptoms may emerge or worsen unexpectedly as part of the menopause transition and carry distressing consequences for daily activities and quality of life. There is a need to develop more culturally specific approaches for menopause-related pain management in this underserved population.

Genesis of regional innovation ecosystems: review and modern interpretation

The article deals with problems in the application of the innovative ecosystem concept. The research is based on systems theory, innovation system theory, the theory of regional innovation systems, and the concept of open innovation. The purpose of the study is to determine the theoretical basis for applying the ecosystem concept to the development of innovation systems in regions. In the course of the study the preconditions for the formation of innovative ecosystems in the regions (acceleration of innovation; complexity of the innovation process and interdisciplinary approach to innovation; application of the concept of open innovation; acceleration of introducing the innovation to the market; possibility of functional complementarity and cooperation; possibility of joint and more efficient use of resources and infrastructure; regional differentiation; innovation risks sharing) were identified. During the work the approaches to the concept of innovation ecosystem that reflect the multidimensionality of innovation ecosystems were revealed. The article clarifies the features of the innovative ecosystems (complexity, openness, interdependence and complementarity of elements, dynamism, non-linearity) and the innovative ecosystems principles (emergence, synergy, adaptability, self-development, sustainability, self-organization, co-evolution). The study highlights the mechanisms of interactions among subjects of the innovation ecosystem (cooperation, competition, coordination, regulation, joint management) that lead to a synergetic effect for the actors of the innovation ecosystem. The obtained results systematize knowledge about innovative ecosystems and form a theoretical basis for the features of their formation and development in the regions, which can find practical application when identifying instruments of regional innovation policy.

Arthroscopic management and recent advancements in the treatment of temporomandibular joint disorders

In oral and maxillofacial surgery, the evolution of minimally invasive techniques has revolutionised the management of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders. At the forefront of this advancement lies TMJ arthroscopy, a procedure that offers a precise approach to diagnosing and treating joint issues. TMJ arthroscopy is indicated in various clinical scenarios where a detailed evaluation and targeted interventions within the TMJ are required to alleviate symptoms, improve joint function, and enhance the overall quality of life of patients suffering from TMJ disorders.