Management Of Innovative Activity Research Articles

Understanding Medical Technology Innovation in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: Factors, Impact, and a Model Proposal

The existing conceptual model for medical technology innovation management is a poor fit for low- and middle-income countries as it overlooks their unique challenges and constraints. The purpose of this article is to investigate key governing factors and underlying challenges and barriers of medical technology innovation in low- and middle-income countries and how they impact firm-level activities of innovation management. A two-fold qualitative research methodology was adopted for data collection, comprised of a literature review and multiple case study analyses via semi-structured interviews. A thematic coding approach and multiple theoretical perspectives were used for data analysis and drawing conclusions. The study identified 23 challenges and barriers to medical technology innovation, then categorized these under six factors: healthcare context and system, organizational capabilities, innovation ecosystem, demographic burdens and characteristics, market forces, and science and technology. It was found that compared to high-income countries, in low- and middle-income countries, issues associated with country-specific healthcare context and system, innovation ecosystem, and demographic burdens and characteristics influence innovation management activities and make medical technology innovation more challenging. The study contributes to the technology innovation model research by demystifying new factors and proposing a comprehensive conceptual model for understanding the roadmap of medical technology innovation and the influence of various factors on innovation management activities.

Оптимізація бізнес-процесів підприємств у системі стратегічного управління інноваційною діяльністю

The aim of the article is to substantiate the methodological support for optimizing the business processes of enterprise in the system of strategic management in the context of the use of innovations under unstable conditions of development. The content of the term «innovation activity of enterprise» has been analyzed and it has been found that for the most part it is considered as a complex characteristic of its activity, in particular as the degree of intensity of the ongoing innovative transformations and their timeliness. The relationship between the processes of strategic management and management of innovation activity of enterprise, based on the data of the information field, is generalized. The main elements of the strategy for the application of technological innovations have been allocated. Emphasis is placed on the need for monitoring of the results of strategy of introduction of technological innovations. The algorithm of activation of information processes of industrial enterprise on the basis of monitoring and controlling data of business processes in order to optimize them is substantiated. The main characteristics of conceptual approaches and methods of optimization of business processes are considered. An analysis of the categorical apparatus of the concepts of «engineering» and «reengineering» has been carried out. The prerequisites for the practical application of methods for optimizing business processes in complex unstable situations in order to improve the efficiency of activities are generalized. The experience of integration of processes of strategic management of enterprise and management of its innovation activity is considered. The features of the procedure for developing a strategy for the application of technological innovations are characterized and a fragment of the strategic management system in terms of optimizing the business processes of enterprise, taking into account the innovation component, is presented. It is recommended to integrate these proposals and classical tools for the formation of functional strategies, incorporating them with each other, on the basis of which a synergistic effect will be obtained and, accordingly, to achieve the strategic goal in the optimal way in the system of strategic management.

ASSESSMENT OF THE POTENTIAL OF MANAGEMENT OF INNOVATIVE ACTIVITIES OF ENTERPRISES IN THE CONTEXT OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

The article is devoted to the formation of the potential of management of innovative activities of the enterprise, the introduction of the latest technologies in the context of sustainable development. It was determined that in Ukraine there is no single comprehensive approach to the processing and use of general indicators of the effectiveness of the use of innovative potential and innovative activity. For evaluation, we suggest choosing indicators that characterize the direct relationship between the financial condition of enterprises and the increase in values over the years in dynamics. A set of indicators of liquidity, financial stability and profitability will make it possible to evaluate the effectiveness of ordinary activities and its components (operational, investment, financial) and identify potential opportunities enterprises regarding the formation of profit. In order to propose innovative ideas for the enterprise, it is useful to carry out a SWOT analysis in order to collect comprehensive information about the strengths and weaknesses, opportunities and threats that production may face, in order to analyze its opportunities and minimize risks when developing new innovative ideas. A management model is proposed for the development of innovative activities of enterprises using alternative options, namely, a subsystem is created that is directly related to the work of the enterprise, after which a temporary working group is formed from representatives of departments and experts engaged in making creative decisions for the implementation of projects, in case if the innovation management subsystem does not cover all management and control subsystems, the third method is used – a combination of the first and second options.

ADVANTAGES OF ONLINE PAYMENT FOR CIVIL AVIATION SERVICES AND ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY OF INNOVATION ACTIVITY MANAGEMENT

The purpose of the research is to consider the theoretical and methodological aspects of managing innovation activities, as well as to develop scientifically based proposals and recom­mendations for the implementation of online payments for air transportation services in the civil aviation system. The methodology of the research - during the study, general theoretical methods such as analysis and synthesis also summarizing scientific literature, theoretical modeling, and comparison methods were used. This article examines the advantages and economic benefits of online payment for civil aviation services by first providing an overview of online payment systems for these services, and then discussing their advantages and economic benefits. The practical importance of the research - issues such as technological development, customer experience and airline economic performance related to the use of online payments were analyzed in detail. The practical significance of the work lies in the fact that results, proposals and recommendations obtained from its main provisions, can be used in the field of civil aviation, the organization of innovative activities of AZAL JSC, the assessment and selection of innovative projects, as well as the development of targeted government programs to stimulate the sustainable development of civil aviation to improve transportation efficiency. The results of the research - the analysis carried out in the article showed that innovative development is manifested not only in strengthening the material and technical base of civil aviation through the commissioning of new models of comfortable and fast aircraft, but also in the use of modern aircraft. An important area of ​​innovation in the field of civil aviation is also the process of introducing new methods of paying for the cost of services to customers using various services of civil aviation companies. As with other electronic systems, there is no doubt that the introduction of online payment systems has contributed significantly to the growth and efficiency of civil aviation services. The originality and scientific novelty of the research lies in the development of recommendations for improving civil aviation, which is one of the dynamically developing sectors of the economy of most countries, since it plays an important role in the formation of the modern economy. The international aviation system strengthens the relationships and processes of economic globalization. This sector of the economy, where billions of people use its services every year to travel to different destinations, needs increasingly innovative solutions as technology advances.

Diagnosis for integration of quality and innovation management systems in a biomaterials research center

Quality management and innovation are priority issues in research facilities that close the cycle from research to products delivery for its social use. The objective of this work is to diagnose the conditions for the implementation of the Integrated Quality and Innovation Management System in the Biomaterials Center of the University of Havana, based on the standards: NC-ISO 9001:2015; NC-ISO 13485:2018 and NC 1307:2019. To do this, the stages to manage the change were established, and a diagnostic tool based on the integration of the mentioned standards was designed and applied. As a result, it was identified the need to strengthen the aspects related to: the strategies for achieving the vision, the management of ideas, the execution of projects by product, the transfer of results, the monitoring and measurement of the management of research, development and innovation activities and their results. In addition, the existing documents in the Center's management system must be modified in order to detail the implementation and monitoring of innovation activities. The integrated management, of the regulatory requirements for biomaterials, and the quality and innovation management, constitutes an organizational innovation that will facilitate the development of innovative products for the National Health System, contributing to the achievement of the organization's vision and the fulfillment of strategic objectives.

Editorial Presentation - Perspectives on innovation governance: challenges and dilemmas

Editorial Presentation - Perspectives on innovation governance: challenges and dilemmas

Digital transformation of industrial enterprises innovative activities management system

The implementation of the Concept of Scientific and Technological Development of Russia until 2030 involves a radical transformation of the usual way of modern business. First of all, it focuses on eliminating the gap in the pace of innovative economic growth of the domestic industrial structure from the world leaders through the use of digital and new information technologies, increasing the efficiency of the growth of economic processes and business models. The purpose of the scientific article is to study the possibilities of digitalization of the innovation management system and develop scientific and practical recommendations for the introduction of new technologies in Russian industrial enterprises. In the process of achieving this goal, the methods of statistical, portfolio, structural analysis and synthesis, generalization, analogy, system analysis were used. Based on the results of the analysis carried out by the author, recommendations were made to improve the efficiency of the system for managing the innovation activity of industrial enterprises. Scientific conclusions and proposals are of high importance for the development of theoretical and methodological provisions of innovation management and acceleration of economic and innovative growth of the Russian economy. Thus, scientific and practical recommendations and conclusions formed in the work can act as a methodological and information base for the management of enterprises in the implementation of a set of actions to ensure effective management of innovation activities and improve the methodological tools of innovation management using modern digital technologies.

SƏNAYE MÜƏSSİSƏLƏRİNİN İDARƏ EDİLMƏSİNDƏ İNNOVASİYA VƏ İNNOVATİV TEXNOLOGİYALARIN ROLU

SƏNAYE MÜƏSSİSƏLƏRİNİN İDARƏ EDİLMƏSİNDƏ İNNOVASİYA VƏ İNNOVATİV TEXNOLOGİYALARIN ROLU

ASSESSMENT OF THE INNOVATIVE MANAGEMENT PROCESS OF A BUSINESS ORGANIZATION

The article analyzes approaches to the evaluation of the process of managing the innovative activity of a business organization, and gives an example of such a process in a production-type organization. The relationship between the process of evaluating innovative activity and measuring the effectiveness of business organization activity is shown, a comparison of modern and traditional approaches to evaluating the effectiveness of business organization activity is made, and common points with the process of evaluating the management of innovative activity are identified. The characteristics of four main approaches are presented: multi-criteria, cost-based, risk-oriented, integrated. The main indicators on the basis of which it is possible to evaluate the innovative activity of an innovatively active business organization are given: indicators characterizing the innovative level of a business organization, indicators characterizing the production effect of the application of innovation, and indicators characterizing the financial efficiency of innovations. The relationship between innovation and investment is shown, the main factors affecting investment in innovation activity are identified, among them: high cost of innovation activity, creation of intellectual property, probability of success and uncertainty of the results of innovation activity, which makes it difficult to forecast the main parameters of such activity, etc. The innovative activity of LLC “MARGIT” was studied: the analysis of innovative solutions of the business organization was carried out according to the main groups of innovations, a map of the potential of innovation projects of LLC “MARGIT” was built. The strategic assets of the business organization, on the basis of which a new innovation process can be initiated and implemented, have been analyzed. Within such an analysis, the most important functional areas for a business organization are delineated, namely: finance, technology, fixed assets, research and development, marketing, etc.

Institutional structure and state regulation of NIS

Сurrent geopolitical situation caused by unfriendly policies and sanctions against Russia by the states of Western Europe and the United States are the main reasons for the preservation and development of its state sovereignty, further improvement of innovation policy. In addition to the above, we can add the withdrawal of foreign companies from the Russian market, the ban on the supply of Russian high-tech products to foreign markets, the instability of the economic situation in domestic markets, in terms of import substitution of products and the reorientation of the Russian economy to the markets of Southeast Asia and China. Taking into account the modern transformation processes taking place in the domestic innovation market, a special role is assigned to the National Innovation System (NIS), consisting of a complex of interrelated business entities and institutional organizations interacting with each other in the process of innovation. The main element of the NIS is the state, which ensures the functioning and comprehensive support of innovation activities, as well as the formation of its strategic priorities, monitoring and coordination. The functions of state power to regulate economic development in the field of innovation, at the stage of formation and functioning of the NIS, are represented by organizational and financial support, the creation of incentives and conditions for the organization and implementation of innovative activities by business entities. With the targeted support of the state, the institutional structures of NIS are able to: increase the volume of modern high-tech technologies and high-tech industries, increase the output of competitive innovative products, stimulate the construction of innovative infrastructure and, in general, increase the level of development of the Russian economy. State regulation of innovation activity includes two management subsystems: the first one serves to ensure direct management of innovation activities, by virtue of its authority, and the second is intended for state regulation of innovations carried out by large corporations, high-tech enterprises, due to the importance of their activities for the state. As a scientific increment of the research results, the authors introduce the concept of institutional mechanism of NIS development, with the integration of key areas of development. The most important function of this mechanism is the scientific, industrial and technological sphere, using intellectual property and artificial intelligence technologies implemented in national technoparks, regional innovation centers, territories of advanced development of high technologies.

УПРАВЛІННЯ ІННОВАЦІЙНОЮ АКТИВНІСТЮ ГАЗОВИДОБУВНИХ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ В УМОВАХ ЗМІНИ РИНКОВОЇ ДИНАМІКИ

In today's conditions, the strategic and innovative development path of Ukraine is being actively discussed. The goal of the innovation strategy is to maximize the development of all sectors of the economy, increase the quality of life of the population to a level that can be compared with advanced developed countries, and create a stable foundation for life. Preservation of the raw material vector of development makes it difficult to achieve this goal. The Ukrainian economy is still dominated by traditional technologies, techniques, organization and management developed in the last century. The purpose of the work is to reveal the principles of managing the innovative activity of gas production enterprises in the conditions of changing market dynamics. The realization of the goal is ensured by the support of a complex and systematic approach to research, subject-object and structural-functional approaches. The article reveals the principles of managing the innovative activity of gas production enterprises in the conditions of changing market dynamics. It is emphasized that the use of innovations in the activities of gas and oil processing enterprises in the modern economy plays an important role, they are the basis of the competitiveness of enterprises, increase the efficiency of their activities, contribute to the improvement of the quality of products and services. The diagram of the intensity of innovative activity of companies of various industries is graphically presented, based on the results of the analysis of the presented diagram, it was concluded that gas production companies are seriously lagging behind in the intensity of research and development compared to companies in other sectors of the economy. It is emphasized that in today's conditions there is a high degree of wear and tear of fixed assets of oil and gas enterprises, the presence of old gas-bearing wells, slow development of new wells, low costs for technological innovations negatively affect the innovative path of the industry's development. Innovative technologies that are actively used in the activities of gas production enterprises are an important spectrum of development. The linear trend of investments in research and development works in absolute values is graphically presented. The result of the work is a series of recommendations on approaches to the management of innovative activity for the development of gas-producing enterprises in the conditions of market dynamics, which in the future will help researchers to understand the essence of the process of innovation management in companies of the oil and gas industry, to explore ways of increasing the efficiency of managing the innovative development of gas-producing enterprises of Ukraine.

Conceptual basis of activation of innovative activities of enterprises

The study is devoted to the problem of intensification of innovative activities of enterprises to solve the problems of liquidation of the consequences of the armed invasion of Russia and the post-war recovery of the domestic economy. The article analyzes the measures for successful innovation activity, formation of the relevant infrastructure, and state support. These measures, despite their number, are ineffective, as evidenced by the declining indicators of innovation activity of domestic industrial enterprises and the decrease in the number of employees involved in research and development. The reasons for the low innovation activity of domestic enterprises are analyzed, and it is concluded that the problems of innovative development of domestic enterprises depend on the ability to carry out innovative activities. It is proposed to solve the problems of innovative development of domestic enterprises by creating tools for managing innovation activities. These tools are able to provide conditions for: intensification of activities, orientation to the needs of consumers of innovative products, creation of opportunities for interconnection of participants in innovation activities, attraction of necessary financing. The author proposes a mechanism for ensuring the development of innovation activity based on elements of systemic, process and functional approaches, which allows choosing methodological tools, forming and technologically solving functional tasks. It is recommended to improve innovation activities by: forming organizational guidelines, which will allow to coordinate and regulate the ways of interaction between subjects and objects of management; coordinating external and internal development factors, which will allow to form the conditions for intensifying innovation activities; implementing management technologies, which will allow to carry out systematic and purposeful management of the development of innovation activities of an enterprise. The introduction of the proposed mechanism will facilitate the interaction of the state, science and industry within the framework of the exchange of knowledge and results of innovative activity, providing a basis for the formation of an innovative economy by activating the innovative activity of an individual enterprise.

INNOVATION AND INVESTMENT PROJECTS: THE DIALECTIC OF THE INFLUENCE ON THE ECONOMIC SECURITY OF THE ENTERPRISE

The purpose of the article is to analyze the impact of the inclusion of innovation and investment projects in the enterprise’s business strategy based on the study of risks and opportunities in the area of the implementation of the goal of strengthening economic security. The methodological basis of its achievement was a critical analysis of the scientific output of domestic researchers in the directions of determining the essence and components of the economic security of the enterprise, management of innovation-investment activities on a project basis, management of innovation-investment risks. The historical process of formation of the modern understanding of the category “economic security of the enterprise” and its interpretation in the scientific literature are revealed. The peculiarities of the implementation of the adaptation mechanism as a means of ensuring the sustainable functioning of the business entity in the conditions of challenges generated by the modern external environment have been studied. It is recognized that the management subsystem of innovation and investment activities is of key importance in achieving the goals of economic security of the enterprise. The stages of its implementation are disclosed and it is proved that the optimal principle of organizing the management of innovation and investment activity is the project principle, since the project activity is non-cyclical and does not have a permanent nature. The category “investment and innovation risk” was analyzed in terms of content and classification in the logical series “types of risks – types of risks – risk factors”. The starting point of the typology was the criterion of the possibility of control by enterprises, which is key in the formation of the management architecture of innovation and investment projects. The dialectic of the influence on the economic security of the enterprise of the inclusion of innovation and investment projects in its business strategy is revealed, which consists in the following: they are both a threat and a guarantee of economic security. The direction of the impact of innovation and investment projects on the economic security of the enterprise depends on the adequacy of risk monitoring and the effectiveness of mechanisms for their neutralization or mitigation.

DIRECTIONS OF INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT OF RESTAURANT ENTERPRISES IN CRISIS CONDITIONS

The article examines the main directions of innovative development of restaurant enterprises in crisis economic conditions. It is well-founded that innovations bring significant profits, but require special qualifications and high quality standards. Innovation centers in the food industry should be created in Ukraine in order to develop products that meet the new wishes and demands of consumers.
 It was determined that the management of innovative activities should become one of the leading areas of strategic management of restaurant enterprises.

Digital Tools for Management of Innovative Activities of Tourism Enterprises: Ukrainian Analysis of Wartime Challenges

Digital Tools for Management of Innovative Activities of Tourism Enterprises: Ukrainian Analysis of Wartime Challenges

Management innovation: The role of internal, external factors, and business group affiliation

In this study, we investigate the role of internal and external factors in management innovation. Specifically, we consider employee training and employee creativity as internal factors, whilst consultants, government subsidies, and government contracts are external ones. In addition, we investigate whether the impacts of internal and external factors on management innovation are affected by business group affiliation. Based on a sample of Turkish firms drawn from the World Bank Enterprise Survey, the results indicate that while employee training, employee creativity, government subsidies, and government contracts contribute to management innovation, consultants have no effect. Furthermore, the findings show that business group affiliates benefit more from employee creativity and government contracts in management innovation, whereas independent firms utilize government subsidies more in their management innovation activities. This study contributes to our understanding of the antecedents of management innovation and the moderating role of organizational context in an emerging economy.

ASSESSMENT OF THE COMMERCIAL POTENTIAL OF THE RESULT OF INNOVATIVE ACTIVITY IN MODERN ECONOMIC CONDITIONS

The aim of the work is to develop a methodology for assessing the commercial potential of the results of innovative activity in modern conditions. The article presents the results of the analysis of the regulatory framework and publications in the field of organization and management of innovation activities. The analysis of a large number of domestic and foreign sources on the problem under consideration allowed us to establish a high interest of researchers in this topic, which indicates its importance and relevance. Based on the results of the analysis, the author's methodology for assessing the commercial potential of the results of innovation activity is proposed. The proposed methodology is based on the methods of system analysis and multicriteria collective expertise. The methodology can be used at the stage of evaluating the results of innovative activity in the interests of making an informed decision on the feasibility of their further commercialization.

THE MAIN ASPECTS OF IMPROVING THE INNOVATIVE ACTIVITY OF THE ENTERPRISE

The purpose of the article is to determine the current state and problems of the development of innovative activity of an industrial enterprise. The article presents the current state of innovative development of enterprises, examines the ways of financial support, analyzes the main innovative processes in modern economic conditions, identifies individual problems of innovative development of the enterprise. Methods of analysis, synthesis, induction, comparison, statistical methods were used. The analysis showed that the most important areas for improving the management of innovation and investment activities of enterprises at the state level are the activation of the use of government orders; the development of measures to stimulate the production of high-tech products competitive on the world market, which would increase exports; stimulating the import of new promising patents, licenses, types of equipment; the government’s tariff policy to restrict imports certain types of goods in order to protect national producers. The results of the research carried out in the article allow us to optimize and improve knowledge on the issues of improving the innovative activity of the enterprise.

Determining Factors in SMEs Innovation Performance: An Empirical Study in Indonesia

In today’s business world, innovation performance is widely acknowledged as an essential factor in enhancing business performance. Therefore, the present study attempts to identify and examine the factors that may enhance the innovation performance of SMEs in the creative industry. More specifically, the research aims to explore the relationship of entrepreneurial orientation, knowledge management and collaborative innovation activities with innovation performance. The study empirically examines this conceptual model using a sample of 32 business owners in Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) Centers of Wallet and Bag Production in Mojokerto, East Java, Indonesia. PLS-SEM technique has been applied in data analysis and the SmartPLS 3.0 software is used to test the study hypotheses. The results indicate that entrepreneurial orientation and knowledge management has a direct effect on collaborative innovation activities. Similarly, the relationship of collaborative innovation activities and innovation performance is* also found to be significant. The findings also show the indirect effect of entrepreneurial orientation and knowledge managemen on innovation performance through collaborative innovation activities. The research implications, limitations and future research directions are highlighted in the concluding sections of the study.

IMPROVEMENT OF THE ORGANIZATIONAL AND ECONOMIC MECHANISM FOR REGULATING THE INNOVATIVE ACTIVITIES OF TRANSPORT ENTERPRISES

The article explores the theoretical and methodological aspects of the organizational and economic mechanism for regulating the innovation activity of transport enterprises, identifies groups of factors that ensure the innovative activity of an enterprise, and examines the key factors for accelerating the processes of innovation. It has been proved that innovative activity is determined by two groups of factors that provide the competitive advantage of an enterprise: internal and external. The effective use of internal factors that reflect the essential features of the enterprise, distinguish it from competitors and determine its innovative ability, ensures the establishment and management of innovative activities for the enterprise. Systematized external factors that determine the innovative activity of the enterprise, and its market position. The key factors for accelerating the processes of implementing innovations at the enterprise are identified, the founders of which are the increase in the degree of state participation in innovative processes; simplification of the procedure for passing any innovation from the development stage to the stage of its launch on the market, taking into account cultural, institutional and infrastructural features; increasing the level of market infrastructure development; development of forms of public-private partnership; formation of a regional structure for promoting innovations; improvement of the system of taxation of enterprises engaged in innovation through the use of a system of tax credits for scientific research and development, the use of tax rebates and innovative tax credits; improvement of other ways of attracting capital. The analysis of the current legislation in Ukraine, on the basis of which the innovative activity of enterprises is regulated, is carried out. Based on the analysis, the priority areas of innovation activity in Ukraine, consisting of strategic and medium-term ones, are identified. It is substantiated that the imperfection of legal documents regulating innovation activity in Ukraine slows down the introduction of innovations by transport enterprises. The analysis of economic literature carried out in the article proves the absence of a single acceptable approach for determining an effective organizational and economic mechanism for innovation activity. The priority directions of the innovative development of the transport system are determined and justified according to the criteria of innovation. The necessity is proved and the ways of implementation of the state regulation of innovation activity are proposed. The ways of improving the organizational, economic and legal mechanisms to support and stimulate the introduction of innovations in transport enterprises are proposed.