Information Technology Resource Management Research Articles

THEORETICAL FRAMEWORKS SUPPORTING IT AND BUSINESS STRATEGY ALIGNMENT FOR SUSTAINED COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE

In today's dynamic business environment, the alignment between information technology (IT) and business strategy is critical for organizations seeking sustained competitive advantage. This paper presents a comprehensive examination of theoretical frameworks supporting this alignment, aiming to provide insights into how organizations can effectively integrate IT capabilities with strategic objectives. The theoretical foundations explored include the Resource-Based View (RBV), which emphasizes leveraging unique resources and capabilities to achieve competitive advantage. Additionally, the Dynamic Capabilities Framework underscores the importance of an organization's ability to adapt and innovate in response to changing market conditions, highlighting the role of IT in facilitating agility and flexibility. The Strategic Alignment Model offers a structured approach to ensuring coherence between business strategy, IT strategy, and organizational infrastructure, enabling seamless integration and alignment. Value Chain Analysis provides a framework for understanding how IT can add value across different stages of the value chain, informing strategic decision-making and resource allocation. Moreover, IT Governance Frameworks, such as COBIT and ITIL, offer guidelines for effective management and governance of IT resources to support strategic objectives. Business Process Reengineering (BPR) is also examined as a methodology for redesigning business processes to align with strategic goals and leverage IT capabilities. Through an exploration of these theoretical frameworks, this paper aims to equip organizations with the knowledge and tools necessary to achieve sustained competitive advantage through the strategic alignment of IT and business strategies. Keywords: Theoretical Frameworks, IT, Business Strategy Alignment, Sustained Competitive Advantage.

All good things require effort: the U-shaped relationship between information technology resources and firm performance

ABSTRACT This study attempts to understand the processes that occur until the adoption of information technology resources yields the expected results. In particular, a value chain perspective is integrated with this relationship to investigate how the characteristics of each business activity result in distinct outcomes, thereby providing specific evidence for the management of information technology resources. The study also examines the moderating role of organisational restructuring in the relationship between information technology resources and firm performance. This study takes a third way to look at this relationship, assuming that both impacts can be observed, depending on the usage level. By doing so, this study may provide some clues for the mechanisms behind assimilating technology into organisations.

Implementation of Information Technology Governance in Man 1 Medan Using the Cobit 5 Framework

In response to the rising usage of information technology, organizations should implement an information technology plan aligned with company goals. Similarly, in education, information technology is used for business purposes. The purpose of this research is to look into the implementation of information technology governance utilizing the COBIT 5 framework. This study was carried out at MAN 1 MEDAN. The survey technique collects data through the distribution of questionnaires to information technology managers and key users in various businesses. Descriptive research discovered that the state of governance and information technology implementation at MAN 1 MEDAN was at level 3 on a scale of 0 to 5. This demonstrated that institutional behaviors had been adequately recorded and internalized. This study aims to contribute to research on the use of information technology governance, particularly for educational institutions and information technology managers, as input material in the management of information technology resources in other institutions. These associated problems are essential considerations for parents or students when selecting a Medan MAN 1 school with a high degree of IT facilities.

Integration of information technology capabilities in generating small and medium enterprise performance

The role of information technology (IT) during the Covid 19 pandemic has made everything in business easy. The role of technology in business during a pandemic also makes it easier for entrepreneurs to navigate buying and selling activities and services. Technology makes it easy to shorten time saving business costs, as in business financial records that make one financial report must record everything manually with technology done automatically with the help of accounting software. Research purposes to test resources-based view theory in relation to the implementation of IT to produce operational performance and financial performance of small and medium enterprises (SMEs). The research was conducted on SMEs in Bali. The research method used to answer the research objectives uses a quantitative test approach Partial Least Square. Based on data analysis, it was found that the development of SME IT Adoption had an effect positive on IT Assimilation, but directly IT Adoption is not able to improve operational performance and financial performance. IT assimilation can improve the operational performance and financial performance of SMEs. Operational performance is not able to mediate the effect of IT adoption on the financial performance of SMEs. IT assimilation is a fully mediating variable in the relationship between IT and the operational performance and financial performance of SMEs in Bali. The results of the study show that IT resource management through a technology-based business competency model can succeed in realizing Organizational Capability that can be used to build business competitiveness if the organization or business unit that adopts it pre-determines IT integration in accordance with the vision, mission, and goals of the organization. This is very important to implement in an effort to adapt to uncertain business world conditions, such as when Covid 19 occurred.

Multi-level Graphical Password Authentication Scheme for Cloud (MGPASC)

The usage and management of information technology resources and services are revolutionized with the arrival of Cloud Computing. But, the revolution always comes with problems. Authentication is one such problem. Especially for Graphical Password Authentication System, there is a threat of shoulder surfing attack. This research presents a multi-level graphical password authentication mechanism by extending an existing method. UGPSCCCT (User guided Graphical Password Scheme for Cloud using Caesar Cipher Technique) is the existing method and this method is extended in this paper such that another level of security is added. The user credentials in this method are transmitted to the server in encryption format. A key is generated for every login to encrypt user details. The analysis of the proposed method is done by calculating the computational cost and communication cost of the proposed method.

Moving to the Cloud

The growth of cloud computing has been increasing fast since a few years ago, although it is still a small part of overall Information Technology (IT) spending of organizations. Both private and public sectors are embracing cloud computing as it offers an innovative computing model, simplifying IT resource management, offering cost savings and flexible scaling. The question is no longer whether to adopt cloud computing or not, but what should be adopted and how? The transaction cost economy theory offers a rationale for the adoption and the decision-making theory helps construct stages for the adoption and operate cloud computing to provide effective and optimal IT solutions for organizations. This paper offers decision makers to overview cloud computing, especially in utilizing values offered and selecting resources or operations that can be migrated to the cloud.

Information technology resource, knowledge management capability, and competitive advantage: The moderating role of resource commitment

The role of information technology (IT) in knowledge management has always been a debatable topic in literature and practice. Despite existing documentation regarding the relationship between IT resource and knowledge management, limited information is available on the different types of IT resources describing this relationship. We integrate two research streams emerging in knowledge management and extend the literature on IT–knowledge management linkage by investigating the moderating role of resource commitment to invoke a contingent resource perspective. Data from 168 organizations in China provide empirical evidence that three types of IT resources (i.e., IT infrastructure, IT human, and IT relationship) positively affect knowledge management capability (KMC), which is positively related to competitive advantage. Furthermore, this study identifies two positive quasi-moderating effects of resource commitment on the IT resource–KMC relationship. Specifically, resource commitment directly and positively enhances KMC, and strengthens the effects of IT human and IT relationship resources on KMC. We discuss the theoretical and practical implications of the results.

The Role of Information Technology (IT) in Development and Increase of the Efficiency of Human Resources

<p>Information Technology (IT) as a set of produced ideas is available for individuals and organizations through hardware mechanisms and plays a major role in the development of human resources. In today’s world, IT is the key factor of human development in organizations and communities. Trends and results of the literature review confirm contribution of the IT tools in human resources area i.e. to accomplish assigned human resources tasks by using the source of IT capabilities. In the current era the use of information systems and new technologies, especially IT in organizations and communities is the most important tool to improve efficiency and it will accelerate movement toward this direction. Improper use of it can impose problems to the organization and it also reduces productivity. The aim of this paper is to investigates the impact of IT on the productivity of human recourses and gives a brief overview about possibilities of IT usage in human resources field for measuring and tracking human capital and using the human resources information system generally. The results of this, study revealed that there is significant relationship between use of IT and human resource management functions, also a positive and significant effect of the ICTs on employment rate.</p>

Effective IT Governance in the Albanian Public Sector – A Critical Success Factors Approach

AbstractThis research grew out of the work of Nfuka & Rusu (2010), who identified eleven critical success factors (CSFs) that need to be considered for effective information technology (IT) governance in the public sector. It is motivated by the limited literature on CSFs for effective IT governance, especially from the point of view of a developing country. Our objective is to advance our understanding on CSFs for effective IT governance in the Albanian public sector. Adopting a holistic approach, we propose a new construct of analysis for CSFs. This construct blends in two components. The first is IT governance as an ongoing process and encompasses IT Governance Institute (ITGI) defined focus areas (ITGI 2003). The second is related to business‐IT alignment and consists of three dimensions: human, social, and intellectual (Schlosser et al. 2012). Using case study research method, we gather data from five government organizations. Our results supports those of Nfuka & Rusu (2010). From the Albanian public sector perspective, they indicate a greater emphasis on CFSs related to resource management focus area and human dimension. Limitations on IT resources, knowledge and culture (Nfuka & Rusu 2010) and insufficient IT resource management (Yahya 1993) provide the explanation for such results. In addition, IT departments are viewed as service providers. This perception further motivates the emphasis on resource management.

Collaborative Innovation for the Management of Information Technology Resources

All organisations are now facing one of the largest upheavals in business practice since the ‘great depression’. Information technology organisations, who frequently lead the development of change based around ICT, are being asked to develop new products and services that add significant value for customers and to radically change their internal processes so that they are more cost effective. Innovation is process of creating positive change to any organisation and that adds value to customers—internal and external. Innovation is now widely accepted at the only sustainable engine of renewed growth for organisations. Organisations that do not embrace innovation and learn to apply its principles will simply stagnate or be obliterated by competition. ICT organisations that can learn to apply innovation effectively will become key strategic assets in driving costs down and also in adding new dimensions to product and service development. This article presents an approach to applying innovation in any ICT based organisation, be it a service department within a larger organisation or a commercial business that generates ICT solutions for clients. The process of innovation in ICT based organisations is similar to innovation in any organisation and requires an in-depth understanding and practice of developing innovation goals, the management of innovative actions or projects, the empowerment of human capital or teams and the continuous monitoring of innovation performance. This article presents a methodology for applying innovation and a case study of how innovation related knowledge can be managed in any ICT organisation.

Abordando o tema configuração de sistema de informação em sala de aula

Over the last decade, a model for management of information technology resources was devised, which favors purchase of ready-for-use information systems (IS), known as packages, instead of software development. As such, the future IS administrator is now required to master concepts related to implementation of these packages, and above all, the configurable information systems. That is why the concept of parameterization of business transactions supported by IS must be well mastered, a subject not easily discussed, exemplified and learned without hands-on experience. The configurable and implemented IS, available for academic use at the university, has revealed itself a complex, expensive and non-functional undertaking. As such, this study proposes an alternative method for teaching and learning IS configuration, based upon development and use of simulators. With this new approach, students will be able to experience how to perform work flow in a configurable IS; how to change IS parameterization for a new business environment situation and how to achieve awareness of new results generated after re-configuring an IS.

A Comparison of Baccalaureate Programs in Information Technology with Baccalaureate Programs in Computer Science and Information Systems

An international association advancing the multidisciplinary study of informing systems. Founded in 1998, the Informing Science Institute (ISI) is a global community of academics shaping the future of informing science.

Information technology and productivity: a comparison of Japanese and Asia-Pacific banks

Banks throughout Asia have achieved productivity improvement through information technology (IT) use. Retail and wholesale IT products positively influence productivity. IT use increases outputs and decreases costs. Both IT capital investments and IT human resources have a positive relationship to productivity. Japanese banks benefit less from IT use than Asia-Pacific banks. To improve, these banks should better utilize their IT human resources and capabilities and acquire more cost-effective IT from international sources. The positive impact of IT on productivity is difficult to determine in net profit and asset (predominantly loans) increases. However, both Japanese and Asia-Pacific banks can enhance productivity by increased spending on IT and better management of IT resources. This would increase their competitiveness through differentiation and customer service improvement, reduced costs, better risk avoidance, and maintaining the stability of their customer base and market share.

Capturing Flexibility of Information Technology Infrastructure: A Study of Resource Characteristics and Their Measure

Abstract:Information technology (IT) infrastructure has been identified in recent years in some businesses as having a critical impact on the firm’s ability to use IT competitively. Although a flexible infrastructure is considered highly valuable under certain circumstances, it is difficult to plan and to measure because there is no common, operational definition. This paper addresses the problem at two levels. First, it presents and explores various efforts to define or describe infrastructure flexibility in the literature. It identifies basic components of IT infrastructure and previously proposed characteristics of flexibility. The discussion considers concepts of IT resource management, including technological architecture, alignment of planning, and human resource skills, all of which have also been linked to definitions of infrastructure flexibility. Second, the paper explores how the concept of infrastructure flexibility is viewed among IT executives. The characteristics of infrastructure may vary ...