Incident Management Research Articles

From Vulnerability to Defense: The Role of Large Language Models in Enhancing Cybersecurity

The escalating complexity of cyber threats, coupled with the rapid evolution of digital landscapes, poses significant challenges to traditional cybersecurity mechanisms. This review explores the transformative role of LLMs in addressing critical challenges in cybersecurity. With the rapid evolution of digital landscapes and the increasing sophistication of cyber threats, traditional security mechanisms often fall short in detecting, mitigating, and responding to complex risks. LLMs, such as GPT, BERT, and PaLM, demonstrate unparalleled capabilities in natural language processing, enabling them to parse vast datasets, identify vulnerabilities, and automate threat detection. Their applications extend to phishing detection, malware analysis, drafting security policies, and even incident response. By leveraging advanced features like context awareness and real-time adaptability, LLMs enhance organizational resilience against cyberattacks while also facilitating more informed decision-making. However, deploying LLMs in cybersecurity is not without challenges, including issues of interpretability, scalability, ethical concerns, and susceptibility to adversarial attacks. This review critically examines the foundational elements, real-world applications, and limitations of LLMs in cybersecurity while also highlighting key advancements in their integration into security frameworks. Through detailed analysis and case studies, this paper identifies emerging trends and proposes future research directions, such as improving robustness, addressing privacy concerns, and automating incident management. The study concludes by emphasizing the potential of LLMs to redefine cybersecurity, driving innovation and enhancing digital security ecosystems.

Artificial Intelligence in Traffic Management: A Review of Applications and Impact on Transportation Systems

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has become a transformative force in traffic management, offering innovative solutions to address congestion, safety, and efficiency in transportation systems. This literature review examines recent advancements in AI applications within traffic management, focusing on methodologies such as machine learning, computer vision, and optimization techniques. The study also evaluates the impacts of these technologies on transportation systems, including their benefits and challenges. Key applications such as traffic prediction, signal control, autonomous vehicles, and incident management are discussed. The review concludes by identifying research gaps and proposing directions for future studies

Critical Incident Stress in Healthcare Education: An Integrative Review.

Healthcare professionals' repeated exposure to critical incidents can cause various physical and psychological symptoms with potentially severe personal and professional consequences. Healthcare students' exposure to critical incidents begins during their clinical education. Despite known consequences, healthcare education has yet to implement a standardized approach for preparing students for critical incidents. Critical incident stress management, one identified program, has been utilized in healthcare organizations. However, formal critical incident stress management programs may not be appropriate for healthcare education with requirements to educate students on the clinical knowledge, skills, and judgment needed during critical incidents. The purpose of this review was to determine the state of the science related to critical incident stress in the context of healthcare education. A literature search was conducted, and peer-reviewed articles were included. Four articles were identified for inclusion, signaling a need for more research on critical incident stress in healthcare education. The available literature suggests that students are impacted by critical incident stress. The studies in this review did not incorporate critical incident stress or components of critical incident stress management programs into their overall curricula or educational programs. The studies did demonstrate that students may be positively or negatively influenced by critical incident stress. Critical incident stress programs are not widely incorporated into healthcare education; however, it has been demonstrated that a standardized approach to preparing and supporting students is needed. Future studies need to determine if critical incident stress should be integrated into healthcare education and the outcomes.

Unified Management of Cyber Security and Compliance through a Comprehensive Platform

These days, any information security product or service used in an organization is a stand-alone solution. Examples include information risk management, data security, auditing, and incident management. Since different organizations use different services from different providers, there is currently no single platform or architecture that can address all of an organization's fundamental information security procedures in one easy step. Because of this, businesses must spend a significant amount of money on separate services in order to meet the information security standards that are necessary for their businesses. These dispersed services lead to an increase in physical and manual labor, disorganized processes, and a lack of clarity regarding all information security-related business issues. To solve these issues, the approach covered in this article combines information security as a service with end-to-end platform/framework to give organizations a single framework for all information security-related organizational aspects. A single service that can handle every information security-related work for the company, including risk assessment, mitigation, vulnerability assessment, incident management, threat analytics, risk response management, and auditing. This will assist the company in spending less money on a wider range of security-related services.

Ensuring the security of critical infrastructure facilities as a component of national security: National and international experience

In the provisions of the scientific article, the authors using general scientific methods conduct a study of scientific views, normative and legal regulation of national and international fundamental principles of ensuring the security of critical infrastructure facilities as a component of national security. The authors substantiate the proposals for amendments to the current legislation of Ukraine and subordinate regulations in terms of development and implementation of the following elements at a CI facility: document security in the form of the Provision on Handling Restricted Information; personnel security in the form of the Instruction on Personnel Security when Accessing Restricted Information and Physical Impact on the Personnel of a Critical Infrastructure Facility; physical security in the form of the Guidelines for Developing a Restricted Area Protection Plan or the Instruction for Establishing Restricted Areas at a Critical Infrastructure Facility; security of information and communication systems in the form of the Instruction for Accreditation of Information and Communication Systems for Processing Restricted Information. The authors note that in order to ensure proper quality for the implementation of comprehensive security measures, the CI operator has the right to choose the security measures to be implemented, for example, on the basis of internationally recognised security standards and industry or general national legislation. In the field of CI information security as a component of national security, we believe that it is good practice for the CI operator to select security controls to be implemented at the CI facility and to be guided by them in their daily activities based on ISO 27002: define corporate security policy; organisation of information security; asset management; personnel security; communications and operations management; access control; acquisition, development and maintenance of information systems; security incident management; business continuity management; compliance with applicable laws; review and audit of the existing integrated security management system.

Evaluasi Keamanan Sistem Informasi Rumah Sakit: Metode Pengujian ISO 27001 di RS Khusus Mata Purwokerto

As service quality becomes paramount, ICT governance is increasingly important for organizations. This study will audit Purwokerto Eye Specialty Hospital's SIMRS against ISO/IEC 27001 standards to evaluate its information security posture. The implemented Hospital Management Information System (SIMRS) aims to support the integration of services and administrative processes, but faces various security challenges such as data loss and potential manipulation. The audit was conducted through observation, interviews, and analysis of existing security policies. The audit results show that information security incident management is in accordance with procedures, including handling, reporting, and corrective actions, with a fairly high level of security maturity. The study recommends periodic evaluation and security enhancements to ensure system resilience against future threats.

Proactive Distributed Emergency Response With Heterogeneous Tasks Allocation

Traditionally, traffic incident management (TIM) programs coordinate the deployment of emergency resources to immediate incident requests without accommodating the interdependencies on incident evolutions in the environment. However, ignoring these inherent interdependencies while making current deployment decisions is shortsighted, and the resulting naive deployment strategy can significantly worsen the overall incident delay impact on the network. The interdependencies on incident evolution in the environment, including those between incident occurrences and those between resource availability in near‐future requests and the anticipated duration of the immediate incident request, should be considered through a look‐ahead model when making current‐stage deployment decisions. This study develops a new proactive framework based on the distributed constraint optimization problem (DCOP) to address the above limitations, overcoming conventional TIM models that cannot accommodate the dependencies in the TIM problem. Furthermore, the optimization objective is formulated to incorporate unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). The UAVs’ role in TIM includes exploring uncertain traffic conditions, detecting unexpected events, and augmenting information from roadway traffic sensors. Robustness analysis of our model for multiple TIM scenarios shows satisfactory performance using local search exploration heuristics. Overall, our model reports a significant reduction in total incident delay compared to conventional TIM models. With UAV support, we demonstrate a further decrease in the total incident delay ranging between 5% and 45% for the different number of incidents. UAVs’ active sensing can shorten response time of emergency vehicles and reduce uncertainties associated with the estimated incident delay impact.

Blockchain-Enabled Incident Management Systems: A Framework for Immutable Audit Trails and Enhanced Security Controls

Blockchain-Enabled Incident Management Systems: A Framework for Immutable Audit Trails and Enhanced Security Controls

Machine Learning-Enhanced Root Cause Analysis for Rapid Incident Management in High-Complexity Systems

Machine Learning-Enhanced Root Cause Analysis for Rapid Incident Management in High-Complexity Systems

Mastering Automation Tools for Incident Management and Monitoring

Mastering Automation Tools for Incident Management and Monitoring

ANALYSIS OF TRAINING NEEDS FOR ANESTHESIA AND INTENSIVE CARE RESIDENTS

Despiteadvancements in anesthesiasafety, perioperativemorbidityremains a frequentconcern, and no practitioneris immune to potential accidents. This studyaims to assess the training needs of anesthesia and intensive care residentsconcerning the management of perioperative incidents. A surveywasconductedat the Mohammed V MilitaryTeachingHospital in Rabat, usingindividual interviews and an open-ended questionnaire. The resultsrevealedsignificant training needs in knowledge, skills, and relationalabilities, particularly in managingperioperativehypoxemia, bronchospasm, cardiacrhythmdisturbances, and hemodynamicinstability. Junior residentsexpressedgreater training needscompared to senior residents. Thesefindingshighlight the necessity of targetededucation to improveperioperative care and safety in the operating room.

Design and Implementation of Decision Support System for Airport Emergency Disposal

To address the lack of integrated system applications in decision-support tasks and enhance the emergency response capabilities of airport authorities, this study analyzes the requirements and functionalities based on the Unified Modeling Language (UML) system analysis approach, tailored to the practical needs of emergency management. The system's functional modules and database were designed, and a decision-support engine combining "knowledge reasoning + text generation" was implemented. The resulting decision-support system for airport emergency incident management holds significant value for improving the development of airport emergency response frameworks and advancing informatization efforts.

I-METANET: Macroscopic Freeway Model for Real-Time Incident Impact Estimation and Traffic Management

Macroscopic traffic flow models, notably METANET, have been instrumental in the real-time estimation and optimization of control strategies for recurrent traffic congestions owing to their computational efficiency and robust performance. Their embedded formulations, however, are not best tailored to capture the traffic dynamics during roadway lane blockage owing to incidents where rapid and surging queue waves often propagate to upstream segments at time-varying but much faster speeds than under recurrent traffic congestion. Therefore, this study introduces I-METANET for use in incident traffic modeling and management, grounded mainly in METANET’s core mechanism but with the following enhancements: (1) reflecting incident-induced merging behaviors and their significant but attenuate impacts on the speed propagation over upstream segments; (2) incorporating the concurrent impacts of the approaching upstream traffic flows and the downstream incident-incurred queue waves on a subject segment’s evolving speed; and (3) integrating the compound effects of ramp-flows’ weaving maneuvers and the presence of incident queues on an interchange segment’s traffic conditions. The proposed I-METANET, calibrated and evaluated by the field data from Interstate 4 (I-4) in Florida, has demonstrated its expected improvements over METANET under incident scenarios, based on the produced time-varying speeds and flow rates over each roadway segment during incident clearance periods. An extensive sensitivity analysis with respect to key parameters in I-METANET has also been conducted, and evaluation results have confirmed the robustness of I-METANET for simulating freeway traffic dynamics during incident-incurred traffic scenarios.

Portal de Gestão de Anomalias da Área Submarina da Petrobras

The Portal for Petrobras Subsea Incident Management was created July, 2023 to be an access point to subsea incident management information, providing and maximizing the use of related data, which are sourced by different corporate areas, along Petrobras value chain. Guidance for its construction came from data analysis from an extensive diagnosis using questionnaires and interview approaches, performed demonstrated data dispersion across different platforms, fragmented visions and training and tool gaps. It offers access to information and other necessary resources in a consolidated, structured and easily accessible tool, for both users who want to know more about the subject and for those searching data for decision making. The portal creates a corporate focal point, while allowing a broad vision of the subject: it holds from available training to dashboads and indicators. Flexible and stable, it’s an input for continuous improvement of Governance, efficiency and reliability in the incident management Petrobras Subsea Area, supporting people, operation and environment safety.

Common Challenges in the Prehospital Management of Mass-Casualty Incidents: A Systematic Integrative Review.

Mass-casualty incidents (MCIs) place extraordinary demands on prehospital medical response. However, there remains limited evidence on best practices in managing MCIs, and therefore, there is a need to systematically synthetize experiences from them to build further evidence. This study aimed to analyze common challenges in prehospital MCI management. Seventeen case studies or reports describing 15 MCIs (ie, terrorist attacks, chemical incidents, traffic accidents, weather-related incidents, and fires) were subject to a systematic integrative review. Common challenges in prehospital MCI management include victim and responder safety- and security-related issues; the need to develop and communicate situational awareness; to develop and apply a prehospital response plan; the ability to deliver care under severe circumstances; and the need for an extended prehospital medical response management strategy. Resilient prehospital MCI response demands both a clear strategy and improvisation and should be integrated into the overall medical response strategy. Responders must understand the main concepts of prehospital MCI management, have a situational awareness that foresees the event's medical consequences, and have the experience required to interpret the situation. Emergency Medical Services (EMS) personnel and medical incident commanders require specific training and mental preparation to be able to provide care under severe security threats, to improvise beyond routines and guidelines, and to provide care in ways different from their everyday work.

The critical role of civil society in driving institutional accountability for sexual violence in Australian universities

ABSTRACT Sustained civil society activism has played a critical role over the last decade in demanding institutional accountability around how the Australian university sector and Australian governments respond to, and seek to prevent, sexual assault and sexual harassment in university settings. Drawing on social movement theory, this article analyses the multi-pronged strategies and campaigning tactics adopted by student representative bodies, survivor advocates and activist organisations, alongside strategic media interventions, to demonstrate the critical importance of these interventions in heightening awareness, challenging institutional and government inertia and driving substantive institutional and regulatory action in responding to sexual violence in university settings. The discussion will consider the role of these civil society interventions in shifting key institutional actors from episodic management of incidents and inconsistent and ritualistic responses to sexual violence in university settings towards more substantive, systemic approaches—more effectively promoting rights and holding universities, residential colleges and governments to account.

Heterotopic Ossification After Shoulder Arthroplasty: A Systematic Review.

Shoulder arthroplasty is increasing in incidence over time. One potential complication that is not well studied following shoulder arthroplasty is heterotopic ossification (HO), the abnormal growth of extraskeletal bone in soft tissue. HO has been described as a complication in total hip arthroplasty literature but less described in the setting of shoulder arthroplasty. The aim of this systematic review is to present available evidence regarding the incidence, risk factors, and potential management of HO after shoulder arthroplasty. A systematic search was conducted in June 2023 using Pubmed, Embase, and Ovid Medline databases to retrieve all relevant studies evaluating the occurrence of HO after shoulder arthroplasty. The search was done in duplicate, and a quality assessment of all studies was included. A total of 170 studies were retrieved, of which 6 were included, involving 1,028 patients undergoing shoulder arthroplasty with 1,038 operated shoulders. HO developed postoperatively in 28% of the included shoulders and was symptomatic in 12% with most cases occurring in shoulders that developed osteoarthritis and cuff tear arthropathy. Men appear to have an increased risk of developing HO post shoulder arthroplasty. Fewer than 2% of HO shoulders went on to have revision surgery, and no notable differences were observed in the postoperative mean elevation and external rotation angles of non-HO and HO shoulders. In addition, no reported benefit of the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs was found against the formation of HO after shoulder arthroplasty. HO occurs in 28% of shoulder arthroplasties in our review. Most of these were asymptomatic in the reviewed articles. Male patients and revision surgery with osteoarthritis and cuff tear arthroplasty seem to be at higher risk of developing HO post shoulder arthroplasty. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs seem to not prevent the development of HO after shoulder arthroplasty; yet, future studies are needed to verify this claim. Level III; Systematic Review.

Mastering Automation Tools for Incident Management and Monitoring

This comprehensive article examines the evolution and implementation of modern automation and monitoring tools in enterprise environments. The article explores four key areas: enterprise automation frameworks, Prometheus monitoring capabilities, Nagios infrastructure monitoring, and Datadog observability solutions. Through a detailed examination of implementation methodologies, performance metrics, and operational impacts, this article provides insights into how organizations can optimize their IT operations through intelligent automation and monitoring. The article encompasses advanced features, including machine learning integration, anomaly detection, predictive analytics, and automated incident management, while also addressing the importance of proper implementation strategies and best practices. The article further investigates the role of AIOps in transforming traditional IT operations and explores the significance of maintaining development environments through home lab setups.

Subclavian vessels injury: An underestimated complication of clavicular fractures.

Clavicle fractures are frequent orthopedic injuries, often resulting from direct trauma or a fall. Most clavicle fractures are treated conservatively without any complications or adverse effects. Concomitant injuries of the subclavian vein or artery are rarely encountered and most commonly associated with high-energy trauma or comminuted clavicle fractures. They are potentially life-threatening conditions leading to hemorrhage, hematoma, pseudoaneurysm or upper limb ischemia. However, the clinical presentation might be obscure and easily missed, particularly in closed and minimally displaced clavicular fractures, and timely diagnosis relies on early clinical suspicion. Currently, computed tomography angiography has largely replaced conventional angiography for the assessment of subclavian vessel patency, as it demonstrates high accuracy and temporal resolution, acute turnaround time, and capability of multiplanar reconstruction. Depending on the hemodynamic stability of the patient and the severity of the injury, subclavian vessel lesions can be treated conservatively with observation and serial evaluation or operatively. Interventional vascular techniques should be considered in patients with serious hemorrhage and limb ischemia, followed by stabilization of the displaced clavicle fracture. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the incidence, clinical presentation, diagnostic approaches, and current management strategies of clavicle fractures associated with subclavian vessel injuries.

Implementation of fire incident response time service policy in Manado City Fire Service

The purpose of the research is to find out, analyze and describe the Implementation of Response Time Service Policy for Fire Incident Management in Manado City Fire Service and the determinant factors. The method used in this research is qualitative research method. The results showed that in the implementation of the Fire Event Response Time Service Policy in Manado City Fire Service, there are six important indicators, namely (1) Media call center which plays an important role in fire handling as the main link between the community and fire handling officials, (2) Implementing apparatus consisting of various roles with complementary responsibilities, from fire fighting to fire prevention, (3) Fire fighting facilities in this case facilities and infrastructure which are important elements in fire management efforts, (4) The situation of the fire location which greatly affects the response and fire management activities, (5) The distance and limitations of hydrants which affect the speed and effectiveness of fire management, and (6) Coordination between agencies in fire management plays an important role in ensuring a fast, effective, and coordinated response to fire situations. The determinant factor in fire incident management efforts is Human Resources (HR) which is the main driving factor in the implementation of fire management. The Human Resources referred to here are the number of fire fighting personnel. Next is the facilities or facilities and infrastructure supporting firefighting activities which include vehicles and other extinguishing aids used in extinguishing activities, then the limited budget both in terms of the budget for operations and the budget for procurement and repair of facilities and infrastructure supporting extinguishing activities.