Management Of Geographic Data Research Articles

PENGGUNAAN ALGORITMA GEOSHASHING DALAM PENCARIAN LETAK INFORMASI GEOGRAFIS PENGGANTI KOOORDINAT LATITUDE DAN LONGITUDE

In the digital age when the search for geographic data is becoming increasingly important in location applications, including mapping, navigation, and analysis of the environment of a place within a location. Geohashing algorithms offer an efficient approach to encoding and storing geographic data in string format, these strings use alphanumeric generated by geohashing of numbers and letters in the search for location points by coordinates, it can also offer an access layer of sensitive location data. This study aims to explore the application of geohashing algorithms in geographic data management. Geohashing algorithm in the search for the location of geographic information as an alternative to latitude and longitude coordinates. In particular, this study analyzes the efficiency of geohashing in data compression, the localization accuracy of geohashing use allows for better grouping of geographic data, and supports spatial data search such as location search and coordinate point search within a specific region. Geohashing algorithms are implemented in geographic data and tested for various search scenarios. From the results of the study showing that geohashing can significantly increase the speed of searching for geographic information, the geohashing algorithm proves its action as an effective tool in the management and search of geographic data, in the search for location coordinate data, it can also provide an alternative to get the latitude and longitude of a location. The results show that geohashing can significantly increase the speed of searching for geographic information, especially in reaching a location with a small and large data box grid level according to the entered string characters. The use of geohashing not only improves the efficiency and speed of searches but also provides additional benefits in terms of the management and protection of geographic data. Testing on this system is carried out by providing geographic access to the location application API that has been created on demand to obtain geographic data information and location points.

3D Tiles-Based High-Efficiency Visualization Method for Complex BIM Models on the Web

Geographic data visualization is an important research area of Web Geographic Information System (GIS). Owing to the detailed subassemblies and exhaustive knowledge database, building information modeling (BIM) plays an important role in geospatial research and industries. The integration of BIM and GIS contributes to the smooth visualization, quick construction, and efficient management of geographic data. However, there are very few methods that can yield high-efficiency data transmission and visualization for complex BIM models while maintaining the integrity of the internal subassembly structure and attributes. To overcome this issue, this paper proposes a 3D Tiles-based visualization method for complex BIM models on the Web-based 3D model viewer. This method is adopted to partition the BIM model according to its assembly without simplifying the BIM model, by using a tiling method for 3D models based on a degraded R-tree, which accounts for the size of tiles. Subsequently, we introduce the “Mask Filter,” a level of detail method that is used to layer the BIM model. Conducting a series of contrast experiments, the result indicates that this method is efficient and feasible, which significantly improves visualization performance of complex BIM with mass data in the geospatial scene and facilitates the integration of Building Information Modeling and Geographic Information System.

ROAD NETWORK COMPARISON AND MATCHING TECHNIQUES. A WORKFLOW PROPOSAL FOR THE INTEGRATION OF TRAFFIC MESSAGE CHANNEL AND OPEN SOURCE NETWORK DATASETS

Abstract. The rapid growth of methods and techniques to acquire geospatial data has led to a wide availability of overlapping geographic datasets with different characteristics. Road network data sources are today a significant number, with high differences in level of detail and modelling schemas, depending on the main purpose. In addition, continuous information about people and freight movement is today available also in real-time. This type of data is today exchanged between traffic operators using referencing standards as Traffic Message Channel. Integrating these heterogeneous databases, in order to build an added value product, is a serious task in geographical data management. The paper is focus on techniques to conflate the Traffic message Channel logical network on Open Source road network dataset, in order to allow the precise visualisation of traffic data also in real-time.A first step of the research was the quality assessment of available Open Source (OS) road network dataset, then, a specific procedure to conflate data was set up, using an iterative process in order to reduce at every step the number of possible matching features. A first application of the enhanced OTM dataset is shown for the city of Turin: real-time open data of traffic flows recorded by road network fixed sensors, made available by the metropolitan Traffic Operation Centre (5T) and based on the TMC location referencing, are matched on the OTM road network, allowing a detailed real-time visualisation of traffic state.

Using Problem-Based Learning (PBL) to Teach Geographic Information Science

Geographic Information Science (GIScience) is a field of study that investigates the development and use of theories, methods, technology, and data for understanding geographic processes, relationships, and patterns (Mark, 2003). Students in the discipline learn the conceptual and technical implementation of Geographic Information Systems (GIS; the analysis, storage, visualization, and management of geographic data). However, GIScience undergraduates often struggle to relate GIS theory to technical practice. In particular, students have difficulty mastering GIS tools and software and they are not well-equipped to determine the series of processes/tools required to complete geoprocessing tasks without prompts. GIScience courses commonly provide students with detailed step-by-step instructions on how to execute various GIS tools in order to solve example problems but students are eventually expected to perform the same or similar problem-solving tasks without detailed instructions.
 This workshop focuses on how to teach the technical and problem-solving skills required in GIScience courses effectively by employing a problem-based learning (PBL) model. PBL is an active learning method that increases understanding and competency. The approach focuses on problem solving, self-directed learning, team participation and cooperation (Pawson et al., 2006). PBL encourages students to use critical thinking, engages their curiosity to solve real-world problems, and promotes inquiry and interest in the subject matter (Pawson et al., 2006). A PBL approach encourages students to collaboratively solve problems in GIScience by first identifying the general steps to solve the problem and then solve those problems by determining the tools needed to process the data to come to a solution (Melero, 2010). Incorporating PBL into GIScience courses enables students to solve a larger variety of problems, promotes stronger retention of skills and theory, and better prepares them for future professional opportunities and/or academic research.

Generic land registry and cadastre data model supporting interoperability based on international standards for Turkey

Managing land information effectively is a key factor in achieving successful land administration and sustainable land development. To manage land, each government has a land policy and administration system. A land administration system (LAS) enables identification, registration and sharing of information about land in compliance with land policies by using information technologies effectively. In this context, land information systems (LISs) are designed to fulfill the requirements related to land, to provide tenure assurance and to manage natural resources sustainably. In Turkey, the necessity of information technologies and geographic information systems (GIS) was recognised by public institutions in the early 1990s. The Land Registry and Cadastre Information System Project (TAKBIS in Turkish) started to manage land registry and cadastre data and processes throughout Turkey. By using a standard framework, the project aimed to digitise land registry and cadastre data and to perform all activities and queries in a digital environment. However, the project did not reach the expected level of success because the data infrastructure was not standardised and did not meet the data requirements of other stakeholders at the national and international level.On the other hand, studies of a new e-government project called Turkish National GIS (TUCBS in Turkish) was initiated to establish a national geographic data infrastructure (GDI) which allows efficient management of geographic data and corresponds to national-level user requirements and Infrastructure for Spatial Information in Europe (INSPIRE) specifications. In this study, to provide data interoperability among different institutions and meet stakeholder needs, the data model of the Land Registry and Cadastre Data Theme is examined and improved. Within the design process, the ISO 19152 Land Administration Domain Model (LADM) and INSPIRE Cadastral Parcels are examined and applied as the baseline international standards. In addition, main land and land group parcel types in the Turkish cadastral system, the main rights, restrictions and responsibilities related to land in the Turkish registration system, mortgages established over rights, cadastral maps, standard subdivision of two-dimensional (2D) space with special names, surveyed point and monumentation types were explained briefly within the revised land registry and cadastre data model. As a case study, data sets from different sources were transformed to open data sets compatible with the model. This model enables data interoperability in land-related applications. However, models should be kept as simple as possible for effective data transformation and management.

The Georeferenced Digital Database for Sustainable Land Use Management in Namibia

The article presents the empirical findings on the georeferenced digital database for sustainable land use management of the Hardap region, Namibia. The research signifies the continuous value of geographical data management for land use planning and management in Namibia. The research applied a combination of approaches that include literature review, Geographical Information System (GIS), delineation of the imagery, Global Positioning Systems (GPS) and cartographic mapping. Both positive and negative impacts of the georeferenced digital database for sustainable land use management were explored. The research findings, among others, include the concepts, explanations, procedures and the value of the georeferenced digital database towards sustainable land use management. The research further provides important results such as existing organisational structures for spatial data management, elaborated procedures and steps for creating a georeferenced digital database for proper management of the GIS data in Namibia. Key recommendations include proper managed organisational structures for spatial data management, implementation of the elaborated procedures and steps for creating a georeferenced digital database for sustainable land use planning in Namibia.

Geographic data management, refined route design and precise navigation in biodiversity field surveys

Geographic data management, refined route design and precise navigation in biodiversity field surveys

Creación de una geodatabase de los archivos geodésicos de la dirección general de catastro y geografía, Honduras

En el marco de la práctica profesional de la maestría en Ordenamiento y Gestión del Territorio, se desarrolló la creación de una Geodatabase en la Dirección General de Catastro y Geografía (DGCG), la que sería el comienzo para una base de datos más segura y organizada, que permita una mejor distribución de datos geográficos generando para ello una cartografía confiable y altamente calificada. La creación de la Geodatabase permitió ordenar archivos de la elaboración digital de las hojas cartográficas, mapas departamentales, mapas municipales, mapa oficial del territorio de Honduras y otros que se generan desde el departamento de cartografía de la DGCG.Para la creación de la Geodatabase se utilizo una metodología la cual consistió en un proceso secuencial de pasos que incluyen: generación de File Geodatabases, Feature data set y Features Class, seguido de la migración de datos digitales en formato shapefile elaborados en el programa Arc View al programa Arc Map de ESRI, en donde se encontraron archivos desde Shapefiles, Tablas, Raster y otros compatibles a la estructura de datos nativa. Al mismo tiempo se realizó una comparación de la base de datos creada con la ya existente, con el fin de detectar posibles deficiencias o mejoras potenciales tanto de la geodatabase como de la manera de creación de los archivos digitales generados dentro de la DGCG.Se concluye que la creación de una geodatabase para la DGCG permitirá a corto, mediano y largo plazo un manejo adecuado de la información, mejor edición, actualización y administración de datos geográficos del departamento de Cartografía de la DGCG.Revista Ciencias Espaciales, Volumen 8, Número 1 Primavera, 2015; 509-519

Gestión de datos geográficos en bibliotecas universitarias españolas: Estado de la cuestión

This paper presents the results of a survey on the management of digital geographic data in Spanish academic libraries. The objective of the research is to discover the state of Spanish university libraries in relation to the management of geographic data, as well as factors that might hinder it. The results reflect the perception of university libraries on their role in managing geographic data in the academic environment.

Design and Implementation of City Fire Rescue Decision Support System

Abstract The authors introduced major geographic data management platform ARCGIS, and developed city major fire extinguishing rescue decision support system based on GIS, by using ArcGIS Engine and VB, according to a large number of decision support system and fire fighting rescue strength model advanced. City major fire extinguishing rescue decision support system based on GIS is integrated with several functions, including layer management, query, fire analysis, fire force calculation, and dynamic visualization plan of fire fighting and rescue. This paper mainly introduced the system function, system design and system implementation.

The Application of AutoCAD Software in Forestry

AutoCAD is an accessorial desktop cartography software widely used in project cartography for its easy manipulation and data edit ability. GIS is a powerful tool of using computers to make dimensional with advantage of display, analysis, output and management of geographical data. The data of the two systems is not compatible and they need to be transformed for data sharing and application. This paper points out the difference of AutoCAD and GIS data, analyzes some common problems during the data transforming process and introduced the experimental study which takes example for transforming the CAD forestry map of Buyunshan country, Dalian city to ArcView geographical information system. The objective of this paper was trying to find an effective way for the transformation from CAD graphics files to geographical information system.

Geographical Expertise in International Boundary Cases

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An Approach to Modeling Spatial Perception for Geovisualization

The amount and intensity of geographic information make it complicated to perform geographic data management and spatial analysis. In this paper we propose a novel approach exploring technical and perceptual issues in reducing information intensity; especially in the representation of geographic information. Foveation is a perceptually lossless degradation of the intensity of visual information. We apply established foveation algorithms on georeferenced raster and vector data sets and obtain visualizations in the form of foveated stereoscopic gaze contingent displays. Our concept is called as Geofoveation, and it is informed by vision research, computer graphics and geovisualization. In this paper, we discuss geofoveation as a means to demonstrate how spatial perception can be modeled and integrated into geographic visualizations. We hope to contribute to the discourse on intelligent geographic data management as well as provide initial steps to knowledge integration from certain aspects of spatial perception to geovisualization.

Geographical Image Processing using GisTool

The applications of geographical information management today are various and considerable valuable. However, the need for proper organization and manipulation of the information provided, particularly online, has been emerged very intensive nowadays. An attempt was undertaken in this study referring to a research work into the integration of geographical databases and data analysis tools, using an interactive information management system created for this purpose and called GisTool. The aim is to provide a proper structure for geographical data management and particular raster image processing, in order to be used for training, educational and research purposes. Based on this environment the graphical user interface that has been developed, provides interactive management of geographical information and the opportunity for advanced users to develop more specific applications. The whole system comprises a flexible structure that is under continuous improvement and evolvement in order to maintain the geographical information up to date.

Geographical Image Processing Using Gistool

The applications of geographical information management today are various and of considerable valuable. However, the need for proper organization and manipulation of the information provided, particularly online, has become very intensive. This study attempts to integrate geographical databases and data analysis tools, using an interactive information management system created for this purpose called GisTool. The aim is to provide a proper structure for geographical data management and, in particular, raster image processing, in order to be used for training, educational, and research purposes. Based on this environment, the graphical user interface that has been developed provides interactive management of geographical information and the opportunity for advanced users to develop more specific applications. The whole system comprises a flexible structure that is continuously evolving and being improved in order to maintain up-to-date geographical information.

The application of high resolution fluxgate gradiometery as an aid to excavation planning and strategy formulation

The excavation of the Late Roman and Anglian settlement at West Heslerton, North Yorkshire, has been one of the largest excavations undertaken in England in the last twenty years. It has been the setting for a number of developments and experiments in the application of 'the new technology' to field archaeology. Parts of the site, which extended over c.20 Ha., proved to have high magnetic susceptibility and were ideally suited for magnetic prospection techniques. Feature visibility contrasts were, however, frequently low and therefore a series of experiments were undertaken using high resolution fluxgate gradiometer surveys following removal of the topsoil. The results of the high resolution surveys undertaken on the cleaned excavation surface proved highly successful in providing an enhanced pre-excavation plan, adding considerable detail to the surveys undertaken prior to the start of the excavation. The careful examination of the results, using G-Sys geographic data management software, which enabled the magnetic data, finds plots and digitised plans to be fully integrated, indicated areas where stratigraphic relationships could be tested and assisted in the development and re-definition of the excavation strategy as it progressed. Following initial small area tests in 1991, nearly two hectares were documented in this way during 1995 facilitating the completion of a targeted sampling operation which ensured the completion of the excavation within the limited budget available. The approach proved highly successful and offers great potential for use on sites which have a high magnetic susceptibility and are liable to large area destruction as occurs in the case of mineral extraction or subsoil ploughing operations.

Exploiting relational database technology in a GIS

All systems for managing data face common problems such as backup, recovery, auditing, security, data integrity, and concurrent update. Other challenges include the ability to share data easily between applications and to distribute data across several computers, whereas continuing to manage the problems already mentioned. Geographic information systems are no exception, and need to tackle all these issues. Standard relational database-management systems (RDBMSs) provide many features to help solve the issues mentioned so far. This paper describes how the IBM geoManager product approaches these issues by storing all its geographic data in a standard RDBMS in order to take advantage of such features. Areas in which standard RDBMS functions need to be extended are highlighted, and the way in which geoManager does this is explained. The performance implications of storing all data in the relational database are discussed. An important distinction is made between the storage and management of geographic data and the manipulation and analysis of geographic data, which needs to be made when considering the applicability of relational database technology to GIS.