Management Level Research Articles

Is there a role for eltrombopag drug levels in paediatric immune thrombocytopenia management?

Paediatric immune thrombocytopenia treatment was revolutionized with the advent of the thrombopoietin mimetics romiplostim and eltrombopag. For eltrombopag, dosing recommendations have been based on patients' ages (with dose reductions for those with hepatic impairment and for some of East Asian ethnicity) and titrated based on platelet counts and adverse drug reactions. However, it is clear that identical eltrombopag dosing for paediatric patients can result in variable side effects and platelet counts, raising the question as to whether variable eltrombopag plasma concentrations are responsible for these differing drug responses. Commentary on: Dong etal. Exploratory study on the individualized application of eltrombopag in paediatric immune thrombocytopenia guided by therapeutic drug monitoring. Br J Haematol 2024 (Online ahead of print). doi: 10.1111/bjh.19735.

The Knowledge Management of Employees of Lao Telecommunication Public Companyin four provinces in the north of LaoPDR

The purpose of the research were: 1) To study the levelof knowledge management of employees of the Lao Telecommunication Public Company,2) To study the level of factors influencing knowledge management of Employees of Lao Telecommunication Public Companyand 3) To study the factors affecting the knowledge management of employees of the Lao Telecommunication Public Company in fourprovinces in the northern part of Lao PDR. The simple was 128 staff members of Laotelecommunication public companyin fournorthern provinces of Lao PDR. A questionnaire was used as a research instrument for data collection. Data collected were then analyzed using descriptive analysis to determine frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation and multiple regression analysis by stepwise method.The results of the study found that: 1) The level of knowledge management of employees of Lao telecommunication public company was at high level (=4.16, =0.57)and consisted of seven aspects such as: knowledge identification, knowledge acquisition, knowledge dissemination, knowledge organization, knowledge creation, knowledge application and learningrespectively. 2) The level of factors influencing knowledge management of employees of Lao telecommunication public company was at high level (=4.14, =0.50)and consisted of seven aspects such as: vision factors, leadershipfactors, technology factors, structurefactors, measurementfactors, cultureorganizationfactors, strategyfactors respectively.3) The factors affecting the knowledge management of employees of the Lao Telecommunication Public Company in four provinces in the northern part of Lao PDR, which consisted of two factors such as: structurefactors, leadershipfactors and measurementfactors at a significant level of 0.05. The equation can predict the knowledge management of employees of the Lao telecommunication public company in four northern provinces of Lao PDR as a whole up to 80.50%.

Transit Dynamic Operation Optimization Using Combination of Stop-Skipping Strategy and Local Route Optimization

The efficient operation and intelligent upgrading of public transportation can effectively enhance the attractiveness of conventional public transportation. In order to improve the delicacy management level of bus operations, this study designed a new dynamic optimization model for single-line bus operations with the dual optimization objectives of the lowest passenger travel cost and lowest operation cost, using a combination of the strategy of stop-skipping control and local route optimization. Simulated annealing (SA) was introduced into the genetic algorithm (GA) to design a hybrid heuristic algorithm for model solving. The effectiveness of the optimization model and the hybrid algorithm were verified and evaluated by using the No. 115 bus line in Ganzhou City as an example. The results showed that the proposed optimization model had a good usability, which can effectively improve the average vehicle speed, shorten the overall waiting time of passengers, and enhance the operational efficiency of the line. The hybrid algorithm saw significant improvement in terms of the iteration speed and the quality of the optimal solution compared with the conventional genetic algorithm.

Effects of Web-Based Survey Tool and Public Health Services for Low-Cost Detection of Vulnerable Medication Errors Using Telepharmacy

Telepharmacy, in which prescription requests are reviewed and approved online by a pharmacist in a different geography, is an effective way to lower the number of mistakes made when giving medicines. However, not enough studies have been done on the benefits of error reduction and the possible cost savings that come with these teleservices. This paper discusses a study examining what happened when a web-based survey tool and telepharmacy solutions were used to find Vulnerable Medication (VM) errors and low-cost Public Health (PH) services. It is very important to get each patient's drug records when they come into the Emergency Room (ER) so that any mistakes in their current medication record can be found. The trained pharmacists were interviewed after using a safe online tool to keep track of drug information. Details about each patient were gathered, along with the amount and type of VM and any PH errors found during the data-gathering procedure. From May 2022 to November 2022, 190 patient files were successfully filled up utilizing the survey instrument throughout the experimental period. Among the 1090 drugs documented, 41.38% were classified as drugs of high risk. 42.33% of possible prescription mistakes were categorized as VM errors. This online survey tool has enhanced the caliber and effectiveness of identifying possible errors during the gathering of medication records by pharmacists. This data may be readily accessed and contribute to debates about the reconciliation of drugs at the management level. It can also positively affect patient care outcomes by facilitating the development of virtual procedures that may reduce drug-related incidents.

Cadena de abastecimiento que integra la planeación estratégica y BSC en una empresa constructora

The general objective of this research was to propose a supply chain model based on strategic planning and the Balance Scorecard for the construction company GARES PERU S.A.C., Trujillo, 2021. Non-experimental type, descriptive cross-sectional design. The results indicate that 38% of the clients of the construction company GARESPERU SAC indicate that the level of supply management is regular; 40% of those surveyed indicated that the level of strategic planning is inefficient; 36% of respondents indicated that the level of the BSC is inefficient. A strategic direction was proposed for the company, these are: product development strategy, market penetration strategy and market development strategy. A Balance Scorecard model was developed, obtaining the control panel that integrates indicators. A supply chain model was designed. As a main conclusion, the general objective was met because a supply chain model was developed for the construction company GARES PERU S.A.C., which is aligned with the company's strategic planning, in addition to having support in the BSC dashboard that will facilitate continuous monitoring of the main management indicators.

Research on Innovation Strategy of Supply Chain Management of Agricultural Enterprises Under the Background of Big Data

With the rapid development and widespread application of Big Data technology, the supply chain management of agricultural products enterprises is facing unprecedented reform and challenges. This study takes the perspective of Big Data technology and collects relevant information on the application of supply chain management in 100 agricultural product enterprises through a survey questionnaire. The study found that the use of Big Data can effectively improve the accuracy of demand forecasting, inventory management efficiency, optimize logistics costs, improve supplier management efficiency, enhance the overall level of supply chain management of enterprises, and propose innovative strategies for supply chain management of agricultural products enterprises based on this. Big Data technology brings a new solution for agricultural products enterprises to enhance their supply chain management level, making the supply chain smarter and more efficient.

Study of the readiness of university teachers and staff to participate in higher education development programs

Introduction. Currently, higher education is considered as one of the drivers of the socio-economic development of the country, in connection with which continuous transformations are taking place in the higher education system, management mechanisms are being formed that can ensure that the results of the activities of universities correspond to their goals, which consist not only in training highly qualified specialists, competitive in the labor market, but also in strengthening university science, including applied scientific research. Achieving these goals directly depends on the readiness of employees, primarily university teachers, to participate and actively contribute to the implementation of adopted development programs. Research aim: a study of the degree of involvement of university employees in the implementation of current trends in the development of higher education, as well as their readiness to contribute to ongoing programs within the framework of their activities. Materials and methods. A survey of university staff was conducted using a questionnaire developed by the author. The sample consisted of 100 people. The research base is the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education, Moscow State Psychological and Pedagogical University. The questionnaire included 22 questions related to determining the involvement of university employees in the higher education development programs it implements, as well as identifying problems that reduce their willingness to participate in these programs. Results. The survey made it possible to note the need to improve the mechanisms of coordination and involvement of university staff in order to increase the efficiency of activities in achieving development targets determined by the state. Thus, 67% of respondents named the lack of a clear and understandable strategy as the main problem in the development of higher education, and 54% drew attention to the need to improve coordination and communication between levels of higher education management. At the same time, a fairly high degree of staff readiness to take part in the higher education development programs proposed by the university management was noted. Conclusion. Based on the conducted research, it is concluded that special attention should be paid to involving university staff in the development of their development strategies, stimulating their innovative activity and willingness to participate in the implementation of development programs.

Insights into decision‐maker's perceptions of good versus bad decisions in emergency services—A modified Delphi study

AbstractDecision‐making in emergency situations, such as those faced by fire, police, and health service personnel, presents unique challenges due to the high‐stakes and time‐pressured environment. Here we aim to better understand what emergency responders regard as constituting ‘good’ and ‘bad’ decisions in emergency situations. We administered a modified Delphi study, eliciting opinions from decision‐makers across all these sectors towards consensus around the key elements of good and bad decision‐making. Participants were first asked to define what makes a ‘good’ and a ‘bad’ decision, and subsequently to identify the top five most important elements of each. While consensus was not found, important insights were identified that can assist improve the standard of decision making at all levels of emergency response and management. We observed (i) a lack of a common understanding between participants of what a decision is, and how a decision differs from pre‐decision and postdecision components; (ii) responses varied according to whether a free text description or the identification of separate elements was requested; (iii) respondents valued ‘goodness’ across different and at times unrelated components a scaled measure of decision quality as opposed to a binary evaluation of ‘rightness’; and (iv) pre‐ and postdecision elements are considered more important than the decision itself when determining the quality of a decision. To address the issues highlighted by the study we recommend improvements in training, and improvements to organization doctrine related to decision making, risk tolerance, assessment of decision quality and development of intent‐based or principle‐based operational guidance. Ultimately, incident controllers from all services must remain cognizant that they will face considerable scrutiny if they cannot explain how they arrived at the decision they made.

112 Promoting Physical Activity in Workplaces: The Integral Role of Well-being Management

Abstract Purpose The primary purpose of the research was to find out how employers in Finland support physical activity at workplaces and how physical activity is related to the management of well-being at work. In the new government program in Finland, physical activity is integrated as a part of developing work ability and well-being at work. Methods The Adults on the Move program conducted the Finnish barometer on physical activity at workplaces. The research was carried out by interviewing 300 employers representing five industries and 1100 employees. The role of the management practices on activity of worksite physical activity was analyzed using regression analysis. Indicators were formed from the data. Results In the barometer, questions were related to physical activity as well as to the management of well-being at work. The basic decisions of well-being management are setting the goal, making the plan, and deciding the responsibility of the supervisors. The results showed that the implementation of physical activity at workplaces is strongly linked to the quality of well-being management. When all three basic decisions of well-being management are implemented, the action to increase physical activity is carried out most effectively: • Most diverse task-specific physical activity solutions are in use, • Physical activity is taken into account in remote work, • Physical activity suppors recovery, • Physical activity is part of the cooperation with occupational health care, • Physical activity is included in supervisor coaching and training and further in personnel development discussions. Conclusions The level of well-being management is thus related to the implementation and diversity of physical activity at workplaces. Basic management decisions were more commonly made in large organizations. The management of small and medium-sized companies needs training on physical activity and well-being at work, so that the means of physical activity for the personnel would be optimal and high-quality. In this way, work ability and well-being at work are increased through physical activity. Funding Adults on the Move Program, Ministry of Education and Culture.

Perceptions of Faculty Members at Jordanian Universities for the Efficiency of Crisis Management at the University (Corona Pandemic as a Model)

This study aims to find out the perceptions and opinions for faculty members from Jordanian universities about the efficiency of crisis management at the university, through (planning in crisis management, information in crisis management, communications in crisis management, decision-making in crisis management, and the crisis management team). Corona crisis as a model for crises. The study followed the descriptive and analytical approach, whereby the study population consisted of all faculty members at Jordanian universities, and the questionnaire was used as a tool for data collection. Then it was distributed to the sample of the study randomly that its (163) members. Then the data analyzed through the statistical program SPSS. The results showed that the perceptions of faculty members from Jordanian universities are that the level of efficiency crisis management in the university is moderate, especially during the Corona pandemic crisis. So that crisis management at the university needs to be restructured. The study recommended variable future studies in the same for a different population in the sample

Эволюция антикризисного управления организацией в современных условиях

The article deals with the dynamics of the theory of anti-crisis management of the organization (ACM) in modern conditions. The basic classifications of types of anti-crisis management are considered, their comparative analysis is carried out, conclusions are made that in modern conditions anti-crisis management of an organization is inseparably connected with its sustainable development, therefore, it comes to a new level, becoming a part of strategic management and especially actual today change management. The levels of anti-crisis management of the organization are marked out. The article pays special attention to the ambiguity of interpretation of the concept of «crisis of the organization». It is necessary for formation of effective anticrisis strategy of the organization to understand the essence of its basic concept – crisis, the research of its genesis and modern interpretations. The study of economic literature has shown that the understanding of crisis is ambiguous. There are two main positions have been formed in studies on the problems of crisis management to understand the nature of the crisis. One group of authors (E.M. Korotkov, T.N. Rogova, V.K. Krutikov, K.V. Baldin, S.E. Kovan, etc.) focuses on the negative manifestations of the crisis, its destructive function. Other researchers (A.S. Bolshakov, V.Y. Zakharov, A.D. Chernyakhovsky, N.D. Koryagin, A.S. Lifshits, V.M. Pishchulov, etc.) consider crises as a contradictory phenomenon and analyse their positive sides and creative role. The dual nature of crises predetermines the multi-purpose orientation of ACS and multifunctionality of its content. This is the peculiarity of the anti-crisis management system. The unified ACM system includes tools for crisis prevention, diagnosis, overcoming the crisis, enterprise restructuring strategy, methods of crisis prevention, methods of forecasting and planning, strategic management, as well as non-standard methods of personnel management. The author notes that crisis management tools should be integral components of sustainable enterprise development strategies.

Research on the identification and detection technology of electricity theft in power distribution areas under a smart grid environment

Abstract With the extensive application of smart meters, power companies can access a wealth of customer electricity usage data, which has not yet been fully utilized. This paper proposes a substation area user identification and electricity theft detection method based on smart meter data, aiming to enhance the level of intelligent management of power grid enterprises and reduce operational costs. By using the grey relational analysis method, analyzing the measurement data collected by smart meters at different time points, it is possible to determine the substation area and phase to which the user belongs and to detect electricity theft behavior. Finally, through simulation, the effectiveness of the proposed method is verified.

SUSTAINABLE ENTREPRENEURSIP AND ENVIRONMENTAL DYNAMISM OF SELECTED METER MANUFACTURING COMPANIES IN LAGOS STATE

In the fields of business and environmental studies, sustainable entrepreneurship and environmental dynamism are inevitable concepts that drives the economy .Sustainable businesses may need to be especially inventive in highly dynamic circumstances, utilizing their knowledge of sustainability to foresee and adapt to changes.Therefore, the study was designed to investigate sustainable entrepreneurship and environmental dynamism of selected meter manufacturing companies in Lagos State. The study adopted a survey research design and the study relied on primary data through structural self-administered questionnaire. The targeted population of this study is 207 mid-level and top management level employees of MMCs in Lagos state. The list of MMCs was drawn from Directory of Certified Electricity Meters and Instruments Manufacturing /Assembling Companies and Nigerian Electricity Management Services Agency who served as a regulatory body to MMCs in Nigeria. Taro Yamane formula was used to choose 136 participants to which the questionnaires were administered and returned. Multiple regression and Pearson correlation method of analyses were used for hypotheses of the study. Findings revealed that social and economic sustainability are significant predictors of market dynamism of MMCs in Lagos State. The study concludes that both social sustainability and economic sustainability have a positive and significant influence on market dynamism. The study therefore, recommended that MMCs should always come up with both economic and social sustainability policy that can mitigate the effect of market dynamism and improve their operations.

Heparin-Calibrated Anti-Factor Xa Assay for the Measurement of Direct Anticoagulants such as Apixaban, Rivaroxaban, and Edoxaban.

The first purpose of this study was to determine whether a measurement of the level of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) was possible with heparin-calibrated chromogenic anti-factor Xa activity (AXA). The second purpose of this study was to evaluate whether the antidote treatment decision level (30 or 50 ng/mL of DOAC) can be determined by unfractionated heparin (UHF)/low molecular weight heparin (LMWH)-calibrated AXA. AXA was measured by using two reagents and dedicated analyzers (Sysmex CS-5100 analyzer and STA R Max3). Four types of calibrators were used: 1) Stago DOAC (rivaroxaban, edoxaban, and apixaban)-specific calibrator, 2) Stago LMWH calibrator, 3) Sysmex UHF calibrator, and 4) Sysmex LMWH calibrator. Regression analysis was used between assays. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were performed, and the concordance rate was calculated. The correlation coefficients were in the range of 0.75 - 0.91 for rivaroxaban and 0.81 - 0.94 for apixaban. The correlation coefficient between edoxaban-calibrated AXA and Sysmex LMWH/Sysmex UHF calibrator-calibrated AXA was low (r = 0.47). Overall correlation between DOAC-calibrated AXA and Stago LMWH-calibrated AXA was linear, at only low concentration in all three DOACs. The concordance rate (89.3 - 100%) is good for de-termining the antidote management level by UFH/LMWH-calibrated AXA, compared with those of DOAC-calibrated AXA in rivaroxaban and apixaban. The concordance rate ranged from 63% to 67% between Sysmex UFH/ LMWH-calibrated AXA and edoxaban-calibrated AXA. The findings of our study suggest limitations in calculating accurate concentrations, when using UFH/LMWH-calibrated AXA to measure DOAC. This study demonstrates that UFH/LMWH-calibrated AXA may be useful in determining the presence of DOACs at the cutoff level for the antidote treatment in rivarovaban and apixaban. However, in edoxaban, UFH/LMWH-calibrated AXA could not accurately measure the presence of DOACs at the cutoff for antidote treatment.

The Influence Of Job Evaluation On The Wage Bill In Public Sector Organizations

Public service is the main driver of growth for most developing countries. It is a key component because it facilitates the delivery of services to the citizens. However, despite the efforts to grow the economy and deliver quality services, there are challenges with the costs associated with ever-increasing public sector wages. Although a well-paid public sector could be more efficient, the wage bill should be maintained at fiscally sustainable levels to enable the achievement of development goals. Kenya like other developing countries has been grappling with the management of costs associated with wages in the public sector, which were growing at an alarming rate. This is mainly because of the large number of employees, arbitrary determination of wages and implementation of the Constitution of Kenya, 2010. This study will seek to examine the influence of human resource strategies for managing the public sector wage bill in Kilifi County, Kenya. The study will particularly focus on human resource strategies such as job evaluation, total rewards, and performance-related pay and their influence on the management of the public sector wage bill in public sector organizations within Kilifi County. These public sector organizations are expected to be implementing these strategies although the degree of implementation may be varying. The study will, therefore, seek to find out the extent to which their application influences the management of the wage bill costs to a manageable level. The study will also examine the theories associated with wage management. The theories of equity, efficiency wage, and public sector motivation will be examined to determine their influence on the management of wages in the public sector. Questionnaires will be developed and self-administered to the human resource management professionals in the public sector organizations. This will enable the Researcher to capture perceptions of the application of these strategies in their organizations. Their in-depth understanding of the human resource strategies being studied will be useful to the study. The study design will be a survey of the 52 government organizations within Kilifi County thus the target population for the survey will be a census of the 52 public sector organizations. The sampling method applied will be purposive thus the HR professionals will be the respondents. The data collected will be analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) which will be used to establish the relationship between the independent variables and the dependent variable. The findings of the study will be presented in the form of tables, charts and statistical measures such as an analysis of variance

Health visiting in the UK in light of the COVID-19 pandemic experience: (RReHOPE) findings from a realist review.

Child health programmes in the United Kingdom offer every child and their family an evidence-based programme to support child health and development. During the COVID-19 pandemic, health visiting services in many areas were reduced to a partial service, with significant variability between and within the four United Kingdom countries. This study investigated the impact of the pandemic on health visiting services and developed recommendations for policy and practice. Conduct a realist review of relevant literature. Engage with key stakeholders in policy, practice and research across the United Kingdom. Identify recommendations for improving the organisation and delivery of health visiting services, with a focus on services being equitable, effective and efficient. The realist review followed Pawson's five iterative steps and involved key stakeholder representatives at every step. We searched five electronic databases and references of included articles, as well as relevant organisational websites, to find quantitative, qualitative, mixed-methods and grey literature related to health visiting services in the United Kingdom during the COVID-19 pandemic. An assessment of their relevance to our initial programme theory determined inclusion in the review. Data were extracted, organised and presented as draft context, mechanism and outcome configurations. These were iteratively refined through meetings with 6 people with lived experience of caring for babies during the pandemic and 23 professional stakeholders. Context, mechanism and outcome configurations were then translated into findings and recommendations. One hundred and eighteen documents contributed to the review and collectively revealed the far-reaching, uneven and enduring impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on babies and families. Data uncovered significant concerns of families and practitioners amidst the pandemic, along with the service's corresponding actions. These concerns and responses underscored the critical importance of fostering and sustaining trusting relationships between health visitors and families, as well as conducting holistic assessments for early intervention. Although we found minimal evidence of decision-making within organisational/managerial levels, the data illustrated the diverse and complex nature of health visiting work and the need for flexibility and resourcefulness. The primary limitation of this review was a lack of specific evidence from the United Kingdom nations other than England. There was also a lack of data focusing on changes during the COVID-19 pandemic at a local management level. The needs of babies, children and families, and the delivery of services to support them, were not prioritised in the early phase of the pandemic response. Our data show that the health visiting service was concerned with maintaining visibility of all children, and especially supporting families with a new baby. Health visiting services adapted in numerous ways to respond to these concerns. Implications for policy and practice are presented, identified from our analysis and discussions with stakeholders. The RReHOPE study is part of a jigsaw of evidence, which will provide a much stronger evidence base for future policy and practice. This realist review presents several areas for future research, including how health visiting is organised at local management level; how to optimise limited resources; factors affecting differing uptake in different regions; and analysis of the effectiveness of health visiting using large cohort studies. This article presents independent research funded by the National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Health and Social Care Delivery Research programme under award number NIHR134986.

The Important Role of Safety Culture in the Management of Major Industrial Accidents

Introduction: Major industrial accidents or disasters can have significant impacts on various aspects, including human health, the environment, societal well-being, and national economies. The concept of safety culture is increasingly receiving attention as a means of mitigating industrial mishaps. Nonetheless, a dearth of comprehensive systematic reviews exists that specifically examine the important role of safety culture in effectively mitigating severe industrial accidents across diverse industries on a global scale. Hence, the primary aim of this research is to examine the important role of safety culture in the effective management of industrial accidents across diverse sectors. Method: The systematic literature review (SLR) from the ScienceDirect database was established using the four basic procedures outlined in the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). A total of thirty-three scholarly publications were retrieved from the database, encompassing the years 2017 to 2021, which specifically address the important role of safety culture in the effective management of major industrial incidents. Results: The findings yielded two primary themes, namely, the significance of safety culture at both the managerial and employee levels. These topics were then categorised into ten subthemes. The findings indicate that safety culture exerts a significant influence at the managerial level in mitigating industrial accidents through the enhancement of safety training. Conclusion: In summary, a safety culture holds significant importance within the realm of management as it serves to effectively mitigate the occurrence of industrial accidents in the years to come.

MANAGING HUMAN RESOURCES IN CONDUCTING FOREIGN ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES: ENSURING FINANCIAL SECURITY IN TOURISM INDUSTRY ENTERPRISES

Within the scope of this article, it is proposed to evaluate human resource management in the context of ensuring financial security at tourism industry enterprises. Accordingly, it is noted that the object of study is the human resource management system and the financial security system. The task is to present a methodological approach that, through surveying, calculating an integral indicator, and evaluating the most significant components, can effectively assess the level of human resource management in tourism enterprises. For this purpose, the methodology adopts several methods including expert analysis and integral evaluation. It is proven that the formation of an appropriate group of indicators and their subsequent grouping will facilitate an effective reflection of a single integral indicator for evaluating human resource management in the context of ensuring financial security at tourism industry enterprises. It is established that tourism industry enterprises are highly active in foreign economic activities, and in this context, the issue of financial security and management systems plays a paramount role. As a result, a group of experts and tourism industry enterprises were selected. The most significant indicators were distinguished and the corresponding calculations were conducted. As a result, it was established that a significant number of tourism industry enterprises fall short of a high level of human resource management, which poses a direct threat to their financial security during foreign economic activities. The presented process of evaluating human resource management in the context of ensuring financial security at tourism industry enterprises may find its practical application in the context of the activities of key security subjects. Limitations include not considering all possible indicators and focusing only on one industry, specifically the tourism industry.

INNOVATION LEADERSHIP AND WORKPLACE INNOVATIVE BEHAVIOUR: AN EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF LEADERSHIP DYNAMICS AMONG IT ENGINEERS IN VIETNAM

In recent decades, the economic context and competitiveness have required the development of new competencies and skills at all levels of management. The purpose of this study was to determine the level of development of engagement and knowledge sharing perceived by a group of employees and to assess their relationship to leadership and innovative behaviour. This was an experimental-type, intergroup comparison study that described how work engagement, knowledge sharing, leadership, and innovation behaviour of a group of 395 engineers at an IT company in Vietnam were manifested. The Innovation Leadership Scale (ILS-16) and the Workplace Innovation Behaviour Scale (WIB) were used to design this study. The results of this study could be an important contribution to the development of leadership empowerment programs and innovative work behaviour. Prospects for future research are to analyse other variables related to leadership and innovation behaviour, such as, for example, communication, to stimulate innovative behaviour of IT engineers, and to build a multiple regression model of such a relationship.

How to Cope from a Toxic Leadership: The Case of Public Organizations

The career ladder system in Public Organizations tends to be hierarchical or top-down, where the existence of leadership is determined by higher leadership. This pattern is similar to most other organizations, where managerial determination is carried out by the top leader or a system where the policy rests with the top leader, causing staff elements not to take part in determining the leader. With this concept, at the managerial level, especially low and middle managers, tend to be more focused on working in accordance with the leaders above them, and pay less attention to the condition of their subordinates, because the one who determines their career pattern is the higher superior. Such levels of hierarchy are felt, especially in government organizations, resulting in staff elements only being able to accept whatever conditions their leaders have, and their only choice is to stay at work or leave. In Public Organizations in Indonesia, the possibility of employees resigning is very small, this is because employee retention in the government sector is good, and there is even a tendency to become a favorite job because the stability of civil servant is maintained. In the Regional Apparatus X, the research location, employee performance assessments are carried out every month through Employee Performance Targets and assessed by the direct superior, so in any case every employee must continue to perform, adapt and be loyal to any type of leader. To reduce bias, this research was conducted by first identifying whether the respondent had a toxic leader, because the perception of the same leader may be different for several staff members. Therefore, using the snowball sampling method, researchers determined respondents and got 15 respondents from Regional Apparatus Organization. The condition of a toxic leader is a crisis condition that may affects employee resilience in performing. Employee behavior in an effort to survive with a toxic leader and continue to perform needs to be understood as a crisis incident phenomenon in the organization. This research contribute to the development of SDGs 8, Decent Work and Economic Growth, specifically on Quality of Work.