Management In Wireless Sensor Networks Research Articles

A Risk-Aware Reputation-Based Trust Management in Wireless Sensor Networks

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are susceptible to many security threats and are specifically prone to physical node capture in which the adversary can easily launch the so-called insider attacks s...

INTRUSION DETECTION AND MULTIPATH CONGESTION CONTROL FOR HETEROGENEOUS TRAFFIC IN WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK

A heterogeneous wireless sensor networks (HWSNs) consists of two or more types of nodes. The redundancy management of various wireless sensor networks uses multipath routing to answer user queries in the presence of defective and malicious nodes. The fixed method uses a novel probability model to analyze the best redundancy level in terms of path redundancy (mp) and source redundancy (ms), as well as the best interruption detection settings in terms of the number of voters (m) under which the lifetime of a heterogeneous wireless sensor network is maximized while satisfying the reliability, timeliness and security, In this paper we propose an efficient scheme to control multipath congestion so that the sink can get priority based throughput for heterogeneous data. We have used packet service ratio for detecting congestion as well as performed hop-by-hop multipath congestion control based on that metric. Finally, simulation results have demonstrated the effectiveness of our proposed approach.

A review on stochastic approach for dynamic power management in wireless sensor networks

AbstractWireless sensor networks (WSNs) demand low power and energy efficient hardware and software. Dynamic Power Management (DPM) technique reduces the maximum possible active states of a wireless sensor node by controlling the switching of the low power manageable components in power down or off states. During DPM, it is also required that the deadline of task execution and performance are not compromised. It is seen that operational level change can improve the energy efficiency of a system drastically (up to 90%). Hence, DPM policies have drawn considerable attention. This review paper classifies different dynamic power management techniques and focuses on stochastic modeling scheme which dynamically manage wireless sensor node operations in order to minimize its power consumption. This survey paper is expected to trigger ideas for future research projects in power aware wireless sensor network arenas.

Effective Key Management in Dynamic Wireless Sensor Networks

Recently, wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have been deployed for a wide variety of applications, including military sensing and tracking, patient status monitoring, traffic flow monitoring, where sensory devices often move between different locations. Securing data and communications requires suitable encryption key protocols. In this paper, we propose a certificateless-effective key management (CL-EKM) protocol for secure communication in dynamic WSNs characterized by node mobility. The CL-EKM supports efficient key updates when a node leaves or joins a cluster and ensures forward and backward key secrecy. The protocol also supports efficient key revocation for compromised nodes and minimizes the impact of a node compromise on the security of other communication links. A security analysis of our scheme shows that our protocol is effective in defending against various attacks. We implement CL-EKM in Contiki OS and simulate it using Cooja simulator to assess its time, energy, communication, and memory performance.

A Grid-based Approach to Location-Dependent Key Management in Wireless Sensor Networks

To achieve secure communications in wireless sensor networks, sensor nodes should be able to establishsecret shared keys with neighboring parties. The location information of sensor nodes can beused to generate a shared key. In this paper, we propose yet another location-based key managementscheme for wireless sensor networks. After reviewing the existing location-based key managementschemes, we focus on the scheme called LDK because of its pros and cons. To solve a communicationinterference problem in LDK and its similar methods, we devise the new key revision processthat incorporates the grid-based location information. We also propose the key establishment processusing the grid information. For analysis, we conducted a simulation and confirmed that our methodcan increase the connectivity while decrease the compromise ratio when the minimum number ofcommon keys required for key establishment is high. Finally, we also found that hexagonal deploymentof anchor nodes can save network costs in our method.

A Survey on MAC Protocols for Duty-cycled Wireless Sensor Networks

After more than two decades of their introduction, Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) remain an active research topic due to their wide range applications in areas such as healthcare, military, monitoring and surveillance systems. In most applications, sensor nodes are constrained in energy supply and communication bandwidth. Therefore, novel techniques to reduce energy inefficiencies and for efficient use of the limited bandwidth resources are essential. Such constraints combined with dense network deployment pose several challenges to the design and management of WSNs and require energy-awareness at all layers of the networking protocol stack. For instance, at the Data-Link layer, low duty cycle Medium Access Control (MAC) protocols trade off latency for energy efficient operation. In this paper, we present a survey of state-of-the-art low duty cycle MAC protocols. We first outline the design challenges for MAC protocols in WSNs. Then, we present a comprehensive survey of the most prominent and recent MAC protocols. These protocols are classified into synchronous and asynchronous based on their mode of operation. Finally, the paper highlight open research problems in MAC layer for WSNs.

Native Process Migration in Wireless Sensor Networks

This paper presents a novel architecture for native process migration (PM) in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) without the use of virtual execution environment. Resources in WSN are scarce; therefore creating virtual execution environment puts extra burden on already stringent resources. In addition, the proposed architecture is migrating with complete process instead of code only which also saves resources. The proposed architecture makes process migration decisions by continuously monitoring resources, such as remaining battery life and free memory space on a node. The architecture is suitable for networks with fewer expensive sensor nodes as it allows for better utilization of network resources. Transferring a live executing process from one node to another to meet processing demands dynamically improves fault tolerance, resource utilization, and network management in WSN. The architecture has been successfully tested and implemented on both COOJA simulator and a test bed of TelosB motes.

An ID/Locator Separation Based Group Mobility Management in Wireless Body Area Network

Mobility management in wireless sensor network is the most important factor to be considered for applications such as healthcare system. Recently, Identifier (ID)/Locator (LOC) separation based mobility management scheme has been proposed for wireless sensor network. However, it does not perform well in group-based mobility management in wireless body area network, and thus it tends to induce large registration, packet delivery, and handover delays. To overcome these limitations, we propose a group-based mobility management scheme based on ID/LOC separation concept for ID-based communications with location-based routing to reduce the number of control messages. In the proposed scheme, each sensor device has a globally unique device identifier (GDID) which contains the information of its home network domain. For handover support, each access gateway maintains its home GDID register (HGR) and visiting GDID register (VGR) which are used to keep the GDID-locator (LOC) mappings for primary mobile devices in the distributed manner. Besides, in the proposed scheme, only the coordinator will send Router Solicitation and Router Advertisement messages to reduce the control messages further. By numerical analysis, we show that the proposed scheme can significantly reduce the registration, packet delivery, and handover delays, compared to the existing schemes.

A Free Market Economy Model for Resource Management in Wireless Sensor Networks

This paper presents a free market economy model that can be used to facilitate fully distributed autonomous control of resources in massive heterogeneous wireless sensor networks (WSNs). In the future, it is expected that WSNs will exist as part of the global Internet of Things (IoT), and different WSNs can work together in a massive network of heterogeneous WSNs in order to solve common problems. Control of valuable processing, sensing and communication resources, determining which nodes will remain awake during specific time periods in order to provide sensing services, and determining which nodes will forward other nodes’ packets are difficult problems that must be dealt with. It is proposed that just as the free market economy model enables the global human society to function reasonably well when individuals simply attempt to trade money and services in order to maximize their individual profits, and a similar model and mechanism should enable a massive network of heterogeneous WSNs to function well in a fully distributed autonomous manner. The main contributions of this paper are the introduction of the free market economy model for use with WSNs, the formal definition of a maximum profit price problem for multihop packet relaying, and the proposal of a distributed genetic algorithm for the solution of the maximum profit price problem. Simulation results show that the proposed distributed solution produces results that are 70% - 80% similar to a pareto optimal solution for this problem.

Key management scheme based on secret sharing for wireless sensor networks

Wireless sensor networks WSNs easily suffer various attacks because of its vulnerable environment, limited recourse and open communication channel. So the security of the key distribution and management in wireless sensor networks is the key challenge for its wide applications, we propose a key management based on secret sharing KMSS scheme. KMSS is based on logarithm discrete assumption in elliptic curve and secret sharing, which cannot only efficiently protect the whole network security but also extend survivability. Compared to previous works, the KMSS distribution keys cannot only resist a certain amount of compromised node attack but also keep elasticity of the nodes in one cluster. The KMSS provides different levels of various session keys for communication. The KMSS dynamically generates different keys based on different polynomials from BS which can reduce the high probability of the common keys. The security analysis shows the KMSS can prevent collusion attacks effectively and reduce the energy consumption.

Mobility Management for Wireless Sensor Networks A State-of-the-Art

The advent of the Internet of Things where billions of devices are able to exchange their data to give a better control to users on their environment has led to the expansion of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN). To address the specificities of WSN, standards on networking protocols for low power sensors such as 6LoWPAN have been developed. While 6LoWPAN is well suited to fixed- sensor WSN, it must be extended to better address mobile sensors. However, so far little effort has been devoted to the handling of mobile sensor node peculiarities. In this article, generic mobility scenarios are highlighted, existing mobility solutions based in Mobile IPv6 are reviewed and remaining challenges to handle mobile sensors properly are identified.

Mobility Management for 6LoWPAN Wireless Sensor Networks in Critical Environments

This paper proposes a mobility management protocol for 6LoWPAN wireless sensor networks. In this protocol, the 6LoWPAN architecture is proposed, and both the hierarchical IPv6 address structure and the address configuration algorithm for 6LoWPAN WSN are presented. Based on the proposed architecture, the intra-network and inter-network mobility handover algorithms are proposed. In the algorithms, a mobile sensor node does not need a care-of address during the mobility process, so the mobility handover process does not include the care-of address configuration operation and the address binding operation. As a result, the mobility handover cost and delay are reduced. In addition, a mobile node does not need to be involved in the mobility handover process, so the energy is saved and the life span is prolonged. During the intra-network mobility handover process, a link address is used to identify a mobile node, so the size of the messages used to achieve the mobility handover operation is reduced substantially. As a result, the transmission cost and delay are reduced. The paper analyzes and compares the performance parameters of MIPv6, Inter-MARIO and the proposed protocol, including the mobility handover cost, the mobility handover delay and the packet loss rate. The data results show that the proposed protocol reduces the mobility handover cost, shortens the mobility handover delay and decreases the packet loss rate.

Distributed Mobility Management in 6LoWPAN-Based Wireless Sensor Networks

In 6LoWPAN networks, several mobility management schemes have been proposed based on Mobile IPv6 (MIPv6) and Proxy Mobile IPv6 (PMIPv6). However, the existing schemes are centralized, and thus they have many serious drawbacks such as nonoptimal data route, injection of unwanted data traffics into core networks, increased cost of network engineering, and large registration and handover delays. To overcome these limitations, we propose new distributed mobility management schemes for 6LoWPAN networks. In the proposed schemes, Home Agent (HA), Local Mobility Anchor (LMA), and Mobile Access Gateway (MAG) functions are implemented in 6LoWPAN gateways, and the handover operations are performed directly between two neighboring 6LoWPAN gateways. By numerical analysis, we show that the proposed distributed schemes can significantly reduce the registration and handover delays, compared to the existing centralized mobility schemes.

A Bilinear Pairing-Based Dynamic Key Management and Authentication for Wireless Sensor Networks

In recent years, wireless sensor networks have been used in a variety of environments; a wireless network infrastructure, established to communicate and exchange information in a monitoring area, has also been applied in different environments. However, for sensitive applications, security is the paramount issue. In this paper, we propose using bilinear pairing to design dynamic key management and authentication scheme of the hierarchical sensor network. We use the dynamic key management and the pairing-based cryptography (PBC) to establish the session key and the hash message authentication code (HMAC) to support the mutual authentication between the sensors and the base station. In addition, we also embed the capability of the Global Positioning System (GPS) to cluster nodes to find the best path of the sensor network. The proposed scheme can also provide the requisite security of the dynamic key management, mutual authentication, and session key protection. Our scheme can defend against impersonation attack, replay attack, wormhole attack, and message manipulation attack.

Management of Intelligent Campus Wireless Sensor Networks Based on Runtime Model

To quick customize and develop intelligent campus internet of things (ICIOT) system more efficiently, in this paper an approach based on runtime model to managing intelligent campus wireless sensor networks is proposed. Firstly, manageability of intelligent campus wireless sensors is abstracted as runtime models which automatically and immediately propagate any observable runtime changes of target resources to corresponding architecture models. Then, a composite model of intelligent campus wireless sensors is constructed through merging their runtime models in order to manage different kinds of devices in a unified way. Finally, a customized model is constructed according to the personalized management requirement and the synchronization between the customized model and the composite model is ensured through model transformation. Thus, all the management tasks can be carried through executing operating programs on the customized model. In the part of the teaching area schools conducted experiments and compared with the traditional method, this method can be more effective management of campus facilities, more energy efficient and orderly, which can reach a 16.7% energy saving.

A Secure Routing Method on Wireless Mesh Sensor Networks (WMSNs)

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are based on the random deployment of a large number of tiny sensor nodes and actuators into or very close to the phenomenon to be observed. These networks face with several essential challenges; for example, power consumption and secure routing are critical problems in the wireless sensor networks. To reduce power consumption, this paper proposes an efficient architecture with optimal power management for WSNs. This architecture merges wireless sensor network into wireless mesh networks. The other aspect considered in this paper is the secure routing in the new scheme of wireless mesh sensor network. This paper presents a secure routing algorithm for the proposed wireless mesh sensor network.

Recent Advances in Industrial Wireless Sensor Networks Toward Efficient Management in IoT

With the accelerated development of Internet-of-Things (IoT), wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are gaining importance in the continued advancement of information and communication technologies, and have been connected and integrated with the Internet in vast industrial applications. However, given the fact that most wireless sensor devices are resource constrained and operate on batteries, the communication overhead and power consumption are therefore important issues for WSNs design. In order to efficiently manage these wireless sensor devices in a unified manner, the industrial authorities should be able to provide a network infrastructure supporting various WSN applications and services that facilitate the management of sensor-equipped real-world entities. This paper presents an overview of industrial ecosystem, technical architecture, industrial device management standards, and our latest research activity in developing a WSN management system. The key approach to enable efficient and reliable management of WSN within such an infrastructure is a cross-layer design of lightweight and cloud-based RESTful Web service.

A Distributed Agent-based Approach to Manage Industrial Wireless Sensor Networks

Wireless sensor networks can be used to monitor many different applications, including factory automation. High-variety manufacturing is becoming the new norm, and requires systems capable of rapidly reconfiguring without downtime. Homogeneous wireless sensor networks may provide a system capable of minimal setup and change-over effort due to their hardware indifferences, but are constrained by limited node lifetime. In this research a distributed, a multi-agent cluster management system that attempts to regulate node death, encouraging maintenance approaches to reclaim and replace nodes is proposed. This system allows the network to continuously operate, and eliminates any downtime due to wireless node power loss. In this paper, an overview of a wireless sensor network management approach, the simulator platform developed using Java Agent Development Environment (JADE) that will be used to test this design, as well as preliminary experimental results using this simulator are proposed. The experimental results focus on the problem of tracking mobile nodes in an industrial wireless sensor network where wireless nodes are subject to battery depletion. The results of preliminary experiments with a heterogeneous network (i.e., a network with pre-defined cluster heads) show that a distributed, multi-agent systems approach is capable of adapting to disturbances resulting from node loss.

Traffic Management in Wireless Sensor Network Based on Modified Neural Networks

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are event-driven network systems consist of many sensors node which aredensely deployed and wirelessly interconnected that allow retrieving of monitoring data. In Wireless sensor network,whenever an event is detected, the data related to the event need to be sent to the sink node (data collection node). Sink nodeis the bottleneck of network there may be chance for congestion due to heavy data traffic. Due to congestion, it leads to dataloss; it may be important data also. To achieve this objective, soft computing based on Neural Networks (NNs) CongestionController approach is proposed. The NN is activated using wavelet activation function that is used to control the traffic ofthe WSN. The proposed approach which is called as Modified Neural Network Wavelet Congestion Control (MNNWCC), hasthree main activities: the first one is detecting the congestion as congestion level indications; the second one is estimated thetraffic rate that the upstream traffic rate is adjusted to avoid congestion in next time, the last activates of the proposedapproach is improved the Quality of Services (QoS), by enhancement the Packet Loss Ratio (PLR), Throughput (TP), BufferUtilization (BU) and Network Energy (NE) . The simulation results show that the proposed approach can avoid the networkcongestion and improve the QoS of network.

Using Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm to Construction Detection and Node Management System in Wireless Sensor Network

Particle swarm optimization objective is spatial neighborhood directly in the search space according to the distance between particles. This paper analyses method of detection and node management in wireless sensor networks. Sensor nodes are randomly placed in the particle swarm optimization method, data acquisition, processing and transmission of the work. The paper presents using particle swarm optimization algorithm to construction detection and node management system in wireless sensor network. Simulation experiments show the validity of this method.