Management In Ukraine Research Articles

SCIENTIFIC APPROACHES AND KEY ASPECTS OF THE MODEL OF IMPLEMENTATION OF INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OF INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISES

Objective. To study and analyse various scientific methods and approaches to the introduction of the latest technologies into the production processes of industrial enterprises and to develop an effective model of innovative technologies. Methods. The following methods were used to achieve the goal and solve the above tasks: data analysis and synthesis - the article analyses various data, including sociological surveys, economic forecasts of the National Bank of Ukraine, and other important indicators; comparative analysis - comparing the current situation with previous years to assess economic recovery; comprehensive review and strategic analysis - describing the strategic directions of innovative transformations and industrial development, as well as considering the main models of innovation; forecasting. Results. The importance of introducing digital technologies in the management of industrial enterprises is substantiated, the contribution of enterprise resource planning systems and analytical tools to responding to market changes and optimising supply chains is emphasised. The necessity of an integrated approach to the introduction of innovative technologies in industrial management in Ukraine, taking into account the specifics of the enterprise, organisational culture and existing technological processes, as well as the need for continuous evaluation and optimisation of innovations, is determined. Scientific novelty. A model for the introduction of innovative technologies into the production management system of industrial enterprises has been developed, which allows for the comprehensive integration of modern innovative technologies with traditional management practices. This model helps to optimise production processes, increase the efficiency of enterprises and ensure their competitiveness in the global market. The article also proposes a comprehensive approach to studying the impact of innovation on the industrial sector in post-war Ukraine, taking into account internal and external factors affecting innovation processes, and focusing on the role of technological innovation for the country's economic recovery. Practical significance. The results of our study can be used to develop strategies and methods that can be applied in various areas of economic and industrial activity in Ukraine, especially in the context of recovery from the military conflict. The main areas of application include the industrial sector, economic policy and planning, and enterprise resource management. The article emphasises the importance of applying modern management approaches and digital technologies in the process of enterprise resource management, which can be useful for managers at all levels and can contribute to further research in the field of innovative development and management activities in industry, in particular in the context of digital transformation.

Comparing social media use in school management: experiences from Ukraine and the United States

This paper analyses and compares the use of social media in school management in Ukraine and the United States. It examines the types of social media used, purposes for use, and challenges faced. Key findings show that Facebook, YouTube, Instagram and X are most popular in both countries. Social media communicates with stakeholders, showcases school activities, and builds relationships. Challenges include data privacy, digital literacy, and misinformation. The paper reviews training programs in both countries to improve social media competency for school leaders. It concludes that social media has become an essential communications tool in education, accelerated by the pandemic's impacts.

ОСНОВНІ ЧИННИКИ СТАЛОГО РОЗВИТКУ ПРОМИСЛОВОСТІ УКРАЇНИ В УМОВАХ ВІЙНИ

Nowadays, enterprises operating in the difficult conditions of development of the modern economy, in the conditions of war, face many problems related not only to maintaining high economic performance, but also to the very possibility of remaining in the market. Therefore, the issues of ensuring the sustainable development of enterprises are of particular relevance, as the higher the sustainability of the enterprise, the lower the risk of unplanned results. The effective use of sustainable development mechanisms allows an enterprise not only to adapt to the negative impact of the external environment, but also to develop continuously. Вісник Чернівецького торговельно-економічного інституту. 2024. Вип. І (93) 40 The purpose of the study is to determine the main factors of sustainable development of the Ukrainian industry in the conditions of war. The theoretical and methodological basis of the study is formed by: fundamental provisions of management, formal logic, general scientific theoretical methods of generalisation, comparison, which involves a consistent and structural analysis of basic terms and concepts (in the study of the essence and content of the concept of "sustainable development"); a combination of methods of systematic and logical sequential analysis to assess the dynamics of the processes under study (in the study of factors of sustainable development of an industrial enterprise); analysis and synthesis (in the analysis of the utilisation of production capacities). The article investigates the essence of sustainable development, the specifics of sustainable development of industry of Ukraine in the conditions of war; it identifies the main elements (factors) of the strategy of sustainable development of Ukrainian industry; it substantiates the importance of the enterprise structure in its ability to respond to changes in the external environment; proposes optimal solutions to solve problems for the enterprise in crisis situations and during the war. The proposed issues of sustainable development of the Ukrainian industry can be used for practical solution of problems related to the processes of adaptation of the Ukrainian management model to the European business valuation system based on the concept of double materiality. Prospects for further research include: application of reporting of Ukrainian enterprises in terms of sustainable development; impact on the environment and society of industrial companies in the context of sustainable development; principles of sustainable development during the war; study of experience of global companies in the field of sustainable development.

Prospects for improving the special physical training of the cadets of the Security Service of Ukraine

Abstract. The change in the military and political situation in the world, the appearance of new types of weapons, the latest approaches to the conduct of hostilities, the constant arms race - this requires us to constantly change approaches and improve the training of military professionals, increase the requirements for their physical and mental readiness to perform tasks as assigned . Carrying out a number of reforms in the training of military specialists of the security and defense sector requires us to analyze and fundamentally change the training programs of combat training, taking into account the latest approaches, forms and methods of using troops. The formation of the national security system of Ukraine takes place at the expense of the multi-vector work of all branches of government. The Security Service of Ukraine plays a significant role in the defense capability of the state in many areas of work, namely: it carries out information and analytical work in the interests of the effective conduct of internal and external activities by state authorities and management of Ukraine, solving problems of defense, socio-economic construction, scientific and technical progress, ecology and other issues related to the national security of Ukraine. One of the important factors is the training of qualified professionals, and especially the formation of important physical qualities for high-quality performance of assigned tasks.
 Physical training is organized and conducted taking into account the tasks assigned to the units and bodies of the SBU and the specifics of their official activities, geographical conditions, the level of preparedness of the personnel, as well as the experience of conducting special operations and exercises in the interests of ensuring the security of Ukraine. Special physical training plays a significant role in the training of military personnel. Implementation of tasks is achieved in classes by working out exercises in physical and fire training, educational and training meetings, training in shooting ranges and on training grounds, classes in sports sections, holding competitions in official and applied sports and other types of sports.

ECOLOGICAL-ECONOMIC MECHANISM OF ENTREPRENEURIAL DEVELOPMENT BASED ON ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT

The article is dedicated to examining scenarios and strategies for the development of land relations, designing an effective eco-economic mechanism for the functioning of environmental management and entrepreneurial development based on land market principles, taking into account the rating evaluation of the investment attractiveness of administrative-territorial peculiarities of land resources, environmental economics, and directions that stimulate the economy and entrepreneurial development in Ukraine. The article investigates the directions for the utilization of land resource economics, development trends, and mechanisms to support the functioning of environmental management with consideration of state incentives for the investment attractiveness of land resources. It also discusses strategies for the development of land relations aimed at improving the mechanisms for supporting the economy of entrepreneurship based on land market principles, as well as the socio-economic development formed through investment attractiveness, the character of their distribution, and the efficiency of utilization, all while considering eco-friendly technologies and institutional support. The article explores the goals and tasks of eco-economic environmental management by forming the investment attractiveness of land resource potential as a scientific prerequisite for entrepreneurial development based on environmental management in Ukraine. It outlines the challenges of transitioning the country to a sustainable development model, proposes ways to address them, and highlights the eco-economic direction of entrepreneurial development based on land market principles, which is a significant and powerful instrument for the revival of Ukraine’s economy. The article suggests improvements to the strategy of socio-economic and eco-economic development of land relations in Ukraine and identifies the directions for regulating environmental nature utilization, which are powerful platforms for regional investment attractiveness.

ТЕОРЕТИЧНІ ЗАСАДИ БЮДЖЕТНОГО МЕНЕДЖМЕНТУ

The article is devoted to the study of the theoretical foundations of budget management. The article defines the place and role of budget management in effective state administration and local self-government. The peculiarities of budget management in special conditions were considered, as well as a functional analysis of budget management was carried out. The budgetary mechanism of innovation and investment development, which is one of the most important modern concepts in budget management, is substantiated. The current state and development trends of budget management in Ukraine at the state and local levels are studied. Different functional approaches to budget management are considered, the principles of budget management are defined. The latest IT tools for budget planning and monitoring budget execution are characterized, their prerequisites and advantages are given. The problems of the budget process in Ukraine are substantiated and the key aspects in the field of budgeting are substantiated. The main problem in Ukraine in recent years is the negative trend in the development of the budgeting process, and therefore, solving the issues of the management of budget expenditures and control over the effective use of budget funds is an urgent task. The analysis of the current state of budget management in Ukraine made it possible to determine the following directions of its development and improvement. Among the main ones: imbalance of revenue and expenditure parts of budgets of all levels and, as a result, its permanent deficit; widening of the gap between the volume of public borrowing and the repayment of the public debt, which causes the growth of the public debt in significant amounts over the last studied years; decrease in the degree of solvency of the state. As a result of the assessment of the current state of budget management at the meso-level, the presence of factors and factors that lead to the emergence of imbalance and inconsistency between its target orientation and tasks in the context of state regulation of the economy and the current state of formation and implementation of local budgets was ascertained. In the conditions of transformational changes, the main and necessary directions for improving budget management should be the introduction of budget control over the effectiveness of budget program implementation; improving the quality of capital budgeting; optimization of the number of budgetary state target programs; increase in budgetary security per capita; reduction of public administration expenditures and increase of social expenditures.

ОСОБЛИВОСТІ УПРАВЛІННЯ БІЗНЕС-ПРОЦЕСАМИ НА ОСНОВІ РЕФЛЕКСИВНОГО ПІДХОДУ: ТЕОРЕТИКО-МЕТОДОЛОГІЧНІ АСПЕКТИ

In the context of the war in Ukraine and the rapidly changing business environment, the implementation of innovative approaches to business process management has become increasingly relevant. The reflexive approach ensures continuous analysis and optimisation of business processes, enhancing the competitiveness and adaptability of enterprises amidst uncertainty and risks. Thе article examines the theoretical and methodological aspects of managing business processes based on the reflexive approach during the war in Ukraine. The main principles and stages of reflexive management, its impact on the efficiency of business processes, and the organisational structure of enterprises are analysed. The article aims to develop a theoretical and methodological foundation for implementing the reflexive approach to business process management in wartime. It is established that the reflexive approach to business process management during wartime ensures improved process efficiency, cost reduction, and enhanced quality of products and services. Research aims to expand scientific knowledge on new management methods that can enhance the effectiveness of business processes in challenging environments. The development of new management approaches and tools tailored to wartime conditions will enable Ukrainian enterprises to operate effectively, maintain competitiveness, and increase resilience even amidst uncertainty. The research results demonstrate that applying the reflexive approach enables enterprises to adapt to external changes, respond promptly to wartime challenges, and improve their competitiveness. The use of modern reflexive approach tools in business process management in Ukraine is substantiated, allowing for the rapid collection and analysis of data, process modelling and optimisation, effective knowledge and collaboration management, decision support, and performance evaluation, thus maintaining business competitiveness in challenging conditions. The article provides practical recommendations for implementing the reflexive approach in business process management and identifies prospects for further research in this direction.

РОЗВИТОК ДЕРЖАВНОГО РЕГУЛЮВАННЯ ЕКОЛОГІЗАЦІЇ СІЛЬСЬКОГО ГОСПОДАРСТВА В УКРАЇНІ

The article highlights the problems of forming an effective mechanism of state regulation of the greening of agricultural production in Ukraine in accordance with global trends in the greening of public production and wartime problems in the country. The indicator of the degree of environmental friendliness of production is the main indicator of the degree of development of the corresponding modern economy, as well as the degree of safety of each country for people to live in it. The agricultural sector is the basic industry that forms the conditions for the development of the social economy and provides the population with the basic needs of food and clothing, therefore it requires a high degree of environmentalization in the first place. Unfortunately, the current market principles of management in Ukraine often place current benefits above the interests of future generations, which negatively affects public health. Accordingly, the task of effective long-term state regulation is the combination in the system of activity of the national economy, primarily the agricultural sector, the tasks of increasing environmentalization and economic benefit, creating socially useful, healthy food production as the basis of national security. In the peacetime state regulation of ensuring the ecological focus of agricultural production in Ukraine was focused on diversifying the ways of increasing the pace of production of ecologically clean products, the use of environmentally safe and energy-saving technologies in agriculture, the wide implementation of innovative developments capable of minimizing the negative impact of production and processing of products on the environment. The full-scale military invasion that began on February 24, 2022, crossed out all strategies for promoting the development of the ecological economy of Ukraine. Since the beginning of the war, our country has faced significant consequences of hostilities, which caused not only direct destruction, large-scale loss of life and economic losses, but also had an extremely negative impact on the ecological situation. The article outlines the necessary tasks of modern state regulation of the ecological situation in the region, its focus on the restoration of the natural environment and the return to world standards of the natural environment after the end of the war.

ПИТАННЯ УПРАВЛІННЯ МІКРО-БІЗНЕСОМ В УКРАЇНІ: ЕФЕКТИВНІ КОМУНІКАЦІЇ, КРЕАТИВНІ ПІДХОДИ ТА ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ОПОДАТКУВАННЯ

The article deals with theoretical issues of micro-business management in Ukraine. In recent years, the world has faced dramatic events. Pandemics, military conflicts, energy crisis, grain crisis, as well as the emergence of artificial intelligence have changed our lives in all areas. Many researchers and practitioners agree that the world will not return to its old life, and we must get used to the new reality. Authors who have theoretically or practically dealt with issues of small and medium-sized business management provide an opportunity to understand the connections between the main concepts in the management of enterprises of different orientations, types or sizes. Micro-business management is a dynamic process that is of fundamental importance for further development. If an entrepreneur creates an effective way of communicating with his team, uses creative approaches to solving problems and takes into account the peculiarities of taxation, this is the way to business success. One of the main tasks of micro-business management is to ensure the ability of the enterprise to respond to changes in the external environment, and its importance is constantly growing. Strategy is perceived as a tool that helps companies survive in a complex competitive environment and achieve long-term success, despite the constantly occurring significant changes in the environment. The analysis is carried out within the company to find the right balance between the capabilities and resources of the company and the opportunities coming from the external environment. Economic analysis not only focuses on the current state of the company, but also takes into account the past development and forecasts of the possible future development of the micro-business. The management of the business must understand what its current situation is, what are the prerequisites for success and what it is necessary to focus on now and in the future. The business environment is an endless source of opportunities and threats because it is so dynamic. Every business needs effective organizational communication, because without it it is impossible to achieve the tasks and goals that must be fulfilled for the functioning of the business. Communication has a significant impact on productivity, culture and business interest. Developing effective communication skills will bring significant short-term and long-term benefits to an entrepreneur. A good communicator can inspire his team to work harder, achieve better results, avoid misunderstandings, generate ideas and apply creative approaches in business. It’s a leader’s job to make sure everyone understands, no matter who they’re dealing with. If an entrepreneur creates an effective way of communicating with his team, this is the way to business success.

ПУБЛІЧНЕ УПРАВЛІННЯ:СТАНОВЛЕННЯ ТА РОЗВИТОК В УКРАЇНІ

The article examines the concepts of "management", "public", "public management" through the prism of their characteristics, as well as the process of establishment and development of public management in Ukraine. An important place in such management is occupied by government and politics. The representation of the interests of various groups of persons is transformed into the representation of public interests. The people delegate authority to the state to regulate processes in various spheres of life. This is how management activity is formed, which scales with the development of social relations, acquires new features and becomes a specialized activity. The acquisition of independence by Ukraine was an important impetus for the birth and development of public administration on the territory of our state. 1991 was a turning point for the entire nation and for each of us in particular. The institution of the state acquires a new meaning. Attempts and failures, contradictions and reforms - the path to the new is not easy, but persistent and destined for success. Civil service is an extremely important area in the establishment and development of public management activity. Proper personnel training, organizational and legal foundations in work have become a strategic vector for the development of public management. The Laws of Ukraine "On Civil Service", "On Prevention of Corruption" defined the principles, legal and organizational principles of ensuring a public, professional, politically impartial, effective, citizen-oriented public service that functions in the interests of the state and society, and the functioning of the corruption prevention system in Ukraine , the content and procedure for applying preventive anti-corruption mechanisms, rules for eliminating the consequences of corruption offenses.

ЗАСТОСУВАННЯ МЕТОДУ ЛІНІЙНОГО ПРОГРАМУВАННЯ В ПРОЦЕДУРАХ ПЛАНУВАННЯ MRP II

The assimilation of modern approaches to enterprise management in Ukraine is rather slow, contrary to the rapid development of programming tools and informatics in general. Transparency, predictability, implementation of generally recognized management processes contribute to the efficiency of enterprises. The widely known methodology of Manufacturing Resource Planning II (MRP II) can ensure the operation of the enterprise without shortages of materials and equipment. The MRP II standard describes the processes of the management system, which cover all phases of management: planning, organization of activities, accounting and rationing. For these processes, a set of procedures and methods that must be implemented is presented. Taking in account the high demands of MRP II on enterprise organization and computing resources, an attempt was made to improve this process by applying optimization method, such as linear programming, to the central link of the process, which is the formation of the Master Production Shedule. Planners still perform these processes, but in most cases not formalized, so it would be useful to offer them some formalized options for building a Master Production Schedule within the framework of the MRP II methodology. In the MRP II methodology, which is the de facto industry standard, during formation of the Master Production Schedule, in addition to the requirement for the MPS to meet the sales plan, the limitations that should affect the formation of the MPS are, first of all, limitations on the capacities of equipment (work centers) and limitations on the availability of materials, taking into account the duration of the procurement cycles of this or that material. The standard algorithm involves checking the constraints only after the MPS is formed, and if the latter violates some constraints, organizational measures must be taken to correct the situation (such as accelerated delivery of materials or the rental of additional equipment, which incurs additional costs), or the MPS must be redesigned. Instead, the authors suggest taking into account critical limitations already in the process of MPS formation. This is possible thanks to the formulation of constraints within the linear programming problem. In this case, if, for example, equipment capacity limitations are active, the linear programming algorithm from the very beginning distributes the production of product types to earlier planning intervals, smoothing the peak load on the work centers. Several strategies for scheduling manufacturing inventory replenishment are considered, such as replenishment to offset each sale; periodic replenishment; maximum top-ups as much as the limits allow. Proposed template in the form of spreadsheet for a better understanding of MPS construction options.

СУЧАСНІ ПІДХОДИ КРАЇН ЄС ДО ЗДІЙСНЕННЯ УПРАВЛІННЯ МИТНИМИ РИЗИКАМИ ТА ЇХНЄ ВПРОВАДЖЕННЯ У МИТНУ ДІЯЛЬНІСТЬ УКРАЇНИ

The article addresses the pressing issue of enhancing customs risk management in Ukraine, particularly in the context of martial law. Given the destructive impact of endogenous and exogenous factors on Ukraine’s economy, which has led to increased customs risks, the study emphasizes the need to implement international approaches, especially the experience of EU member states. The paper highlights the importance of applying structural-functional modelling through CASE technologies to adapt the European countries’ experience in shaping customs risk management policies. A comprehensive analysis of EU countries’ practices, particularly those of Italy, France, and Sweden, is provided. These countries have implemented advanced automated customs risk management systems (e.g., AIDA in Italy), focusing on selective customs control, post-clearance audit procedures, and real-time risk monitoring. The experience of these countries in reducing customs risks through enhanced digitalization, cooperation between customs authorities and economic operators, and the use of artificial intelligence has proven successful. For example, a joint border control project between Italy and Albania has reduced customs violations, while France’s multifaceted approach to distinguishing between real and potential risks based on large datasets has ensured efficient enforcement of customs regulations. Sweden’s model of inter-agency cooperation has also shown significant improvements in risk management. For Ukraine, which faces substantial challenges due to martial law, the adoption of these European practices could lead to more effective risk management, increased transparency, and higher customs revenues. The recommendations include deeper implementation of automation and the use of artificial intelligence, improvement of post-clearance audit capabilities, strengthening of international cooperation, and the application of effective tools for interaction between customs authorities and economic operators. This will allow Ukraine to align more closely with EU customs standards and reduce customs violations during the period of martial law.

ТЕОРЕТИЧНІ ОСНОВИ СТАЛОГО ЗЕМЛЕКОРИСТУВАННЯ ЯК ОБ'ЄКТА ПУБЛІЧНОГО УПРАВЛІННЯ

Background . Land use is essential in many environmental and socio-economic problems of society. The main form of land management is public management. Public management (or administration) in the field of rational management, use, and protection of land means that the state, in the person of its competent bodies, establishes certain rules and regulations regarding the organization of the use of all land resources of the country and its individual parts (categories of land, types of land use and etc.). Public administration lays the foundations of relations that should serve the protection, preservation, and careful use of land resources and be committed to the principle of sustainable development. The essence of the formation and development of sustainable land use is that all its subjects are included in this process. They must understand that it is necessary to abandon land redistribution if it is not necessary. Since the policy of sustainable land use is gaining more and more attention and importance both in the world and in Ukraine, the purpose of the article is to research and analyze the theoretical foundations of sustainable land use as an object of public management. The research object was sustainable land use. Methods . This publication is based on the use of general and special research methods. The analysis was used to clarify the condition of land management in Ukraine, and synthesis was used to summarize the obtained evidence in order to develop recommendations. The systematic approach was used to study the challenges in the field of modern land use. The normative-value method made it possible to consider the issue of restoring sustainable land use in the postwar period in a multi-level management system. Results . The analysis of sustainable land use made it possible to define the concept of sustainable land use, identify the factors affecting such land use, and consider the stages of the formation of sustainable land use in the multi-level management system. In particular, certain hierarchies of levels of sustainable land use administration were established, namely conceptual, ideological, political, and economic. Each level determines the conceptual mechanisms of actions in relation to land resources. Among the factors of influence on sustainable land use, those due to economic, natural, ecological, legal, technological, and social nature were distinguished. However, urbanization and cultural worldviews have also influenced the sustainable use and management of land resources. At the same time, understanding the jurisdiction of public managers, setting clear goals, developing initiatives for these goals, monitoring and evaluating progress, reporting, and cooperating and partnering were determined as the relevant stages of forming sustainable land use in a multi-level management system. Сonclusions . Thus, sustainable land use requires the involvement of all parties interested in land use, taking into account their needs and supporting the broader cultural, economic, environmental, legal, political, technological, and social frameworks. In addition, the state needs to increase the category of nature conservation lands by creating parks, nature reserves, etc. At the legislative level, it is necessary to establish the principle of land use for the purpose of carrying out economic activities only on developed lands where there is a housing stock and developed infrastructure.

SYSTEMATIC IMPROVEMENT OF WATER LEGISLATION IS THE KEY TO REVITALISING RIVER BASINS AND WATER BODIES

Summary. The article determines that one of the main factors of revitalisation of water bodies and maintenance of high-quality water supply in Ukraine is institutional support of water relations. The author analyses the scientific experience and compares the existing legal systems of water law in the countries of the world and in Ukraine. The main unresolved problems of legal regulation of water relations and water resources management in Ukraine are formulated. Specific institutional steps for the development of legal institutions of water legislation in Ukraine are outlined. The author identifies the need to change the emphasis towards the ecologisation of water law in Ukraine and the development and adoption of a fundamentally new Water Code of Ukraine based on the requirements of international legal and economic systems. Key words: law, right, water legislation, responsibility, revitalisation, water cadastre.

Особливості управління тарифоутворенням у контексті «зеленої» економіки

The article determines that modern energy is mostly based on non-renewable primary energy sources. Therefore, the formation of renewable energy plays an important role today. It is noted that Europe and the world have identified a green economy and climate-neutral energy as a benchmark for their development. Attention is focused on the consideration that under such conditions of development, the issue of tariff setting in the context of the green economy plays a key role in the transformation of the energy system and support of the green economy, since effective tariff setting helps to attract investment in green technologies, ensures the economic attractiveness of renewable energy projects and stimulates energy efficiency. Based on the carried out analysis of scientific publications, it is concluded that tariff setting in the context of the green economy is considered through the prism of economic incentives, environmental benefits, political support and social perception, highlighting its relevance in the context of global efforts to transition to sustainable energy. It is determined that today the problems of instability of tariff policy, in some cases economic inefficiency of tariffs, social inequality, complexity of regulation and administration and a number of others remain unresolved. Addressing these challenges is critical to ensuring an effective and sustainable tariff policy that promotes the development of a green economy and renewable energy sources. It is determined that due to the imperfect, but effective at the moment model of the green tariff, the number and capacity of renewable generation in Ukraine has been steadily growing over the past 10 years. A number of problems that exist today in tariff setting in the context of the green economy from the point of view of its management in Ukraine have been identified and specific features of tariff setting in the context of the green economy have been formulated. Each of the identified specific features of tariff formation of the green economy is characterized and the authors’ own mathematical model of formation of the general tariff of the green economy is proposed. It is concluded that the features of tariff setting in the context of the green economy require an integrated approach to management, and promising in this direction are studies on clarifying each component of the base tariff, determining the basis for calculating each component, further adjustment of the tariff taking into account regional features and other aspects of pricing in the field of renewable energy sources.

EUROPEAN INTEGRATION OF UKRAINE IN THE FIELD OF LABOUR PROTECTION: RADICAL CHANGES AND NEW LEGISLATION

In the modern world, with the development of new technologies in many spheres of industrial activity and the development of society, there is an urgent need to apply the latest approaches in the field of labour protection, or as they say in Europe, in the field of safety and health of workers at work. This is not surprising, given that any legislation will always lag behind the development of science and technology. Such a situation is formed because the legislation establishes requirements and measures for safe working methods for existing means of production. But it is clear that development does not stand still, and science and technology always develop and progress, new technologies that are actively implemented in industries. This, in turn, is the main reason that legislation largely lags behind the pace of technology development. Looking at the high technological and economic development of European countries, as well as their experience in the field of labour protection, we understand that they would not have reached such a high level of production development without the introduction of effective systems for managing the safety and health of workers at work. That is why it seems appropriate to us that it is worth paying attention to the European experience in labour protection. In this study, the authors analysed a new draft Law of Ukraine "On Safety and Health of Workers at Work", which will replace the current Law of Ukraine "On Labour Protection". This analysis makes it possible to adapt the draft law to European practices to create an effective, risk-oriented system of labour protection management in Ukraine. Keywords: labour protection, safety and health of workers at work, legislation on safety and health of workers at work.

Master’s Degree Students Training in Higher Education Management in Ukraine

The article deals with the issue of improving higher education management, which is one of the priorities at the stage of Ukraine’s integration to the European Union. The state of Master’s degree students training in higher education management is determined based on the analysis of national legislation, higher education standards in particular, and appropriative Master’s degree programmes. Based on the educational policies of Ukraine, the approaches to providing such training are comprehensively characterized. It has been identified that in Ukraine, the training in higher education management is carried out within two specialties: “011 Educational and Pedagogical Sciences”, “073 Management”, where study programmes in management prevail quantitatively. Based on enrolment data, it has been determined that pedagogical education programmes are in high demand among applicants. The content, purpose, learning outcomes, educational components of the study programmes, the fulfilment of licensed scope of student number for such Master’s degree programmes and their graduates employment is revealed. For the first time, the common features of the goal of the study programmes in higher education management are summarized in the frame of the two specialties specified above: the training of highly qualified specialists with a high level of management and communication competence as well as capacity to solve problems in the education management sphere. The partial implementation of the principles laid down as the basis of the legislation on higher education quality assurance through the accreditation of study programmes and the strengthening trust in higher education in Ukraine has been revealed. The distribution of higher education entrants between the specialities is determined based on a comparative analysis of the data. The issues concerning the feasibility of higher education managers training in frame of the specialty “281 Public Administration and Management” is considered. It is found out that the most programmes are aimed at the institutional level management. It is proposed that providing higher education managers training at the national and regional levels can be achieved by the implementation of the interdisciplinary study programmes.

Resource potential of municipal solid waste in Odesa Region

Despite the widespread use of the term "municipal solid waste" (MSW), the main regulatory and legislative documents of Ukraine use the term "household waste". International practice also does not have a clear definition of the "municipal solid waste" concept, however, there are a number of related terms. Municipal solid waste is defined as a waste that is generated in the course of human activity, accumulated in residential buildings and social institutions and considered as unsuitable for further use at places of its generation. As for the related terms used in foreign and national practice, the term “household waste”, i.e. waste generated directly by households, is more appropriate. Municipal solid waste is a heterogeneous mixture that has a complex waste composition and its quantitative and qualitative characteristics are not constant and depend on characteristics of a certain country, region, city or town where it was generated, season and other factors. Growing volumes of municipal solid waste is one of the components of growing anthropogenic load that poses a threat to environmental safety of the country's regions and public health and negatively affects the state of our environment. The main methods of such solid waste management in Ukraine include landfilling, incineration, recycling and recovery. Out of the total annual waste volume generated on the post-Soviet territories, 93% are taken to landfills or dumpsites, 4% – incinerated, and only about 3% – recycled.
 Therefore, creation and implementation of an effective system of solid waste management is an important task for ensuring environmental safety and sustainable development of the country's regions. Moreover, solid waste is a significant reserve for obtaining secondary material resources. According to the circular economy concept, almost all components of solid waste should be reused for production of new items. This will minimize negative impact on the environment and allow rational use of natural resources. The article analyses the current state of municipal solid waste management system in Odesa Region and assesses resource value of such waste. Secondary raw materials worth of almost UAH 1.4 million can be produced annually from the total flow of municipal solid waste in Odesa Region. And this figure does not take into account liquidity of food and other waste. After establishing an effective food and other organic waste management system, such amount may be significantly increased. Separation of resource-value components from the total solid waste flow and their subsequent use will help to reduce technogenic load on the environmental natural components and improve the overall environmental situation in Odesa Region.

Crowdfunding as a socio-economic opportunity for state support

In the current economic environment, most enterprises have been affected by the political, economic, social situation in the country and the quarantine restrictions of 2019-2021. In the context of the development of computerization and informatization, the role of crowdfunding as an alternative way of financing creative ideas, startups, innovations, new technologies, and socially significant projects is growing. The purpose of the study is to reveal the essence of the concept of crowdfunding, its formation and development in Ukraine. The study is based on theoretical generalization, comparative analysis, methods of analysis and synthesis, which made it possible to argue the prerequisites for the successful development of crowdfunding in Ukraine and the directions of its state legislative management. It is found that crowdfunding is a tool for financing small or medium-sized business projects through an open call on the basis of social networks or the Internet, having a material or moral basis for the interest of potential investors. The principles that are characteristic of crowdfunding in terms of targeting, investor interest in the project, publicity, and the benefits of the future investor are outlined. Thanks to the SWOT analysis conducted in the study, the types of crowdfunding business models were revealed. The criteria for assessing the level of development of crowdfunding are proposed: the degree and timeliness of information support, the level of activity, diversification of platform types, interaction of the resource with the banking sector, the level of public awareness, the level of government influence. The state regulatory policy on crowdfunding in different countries is analyzed and its financial management in Ukraine is proposed. It is established that in the conditions of insufficient financial resources, crowdfunding is a qualitative alternative to standard investment methods, and its main environment of subjects in Ukraine is medium-sized enterprises. The practical value of the study is to identify the factors that impede the development of an alternative method of financing in Ukraine, as well as to provide recommendations for the further functioning of crowdfunding in the country

ECOLOGICAL PROBLEMS AND DECARBONIZATIONIN UKRAINE

The article with the reports of responsible researchers, in which the issues of industrial and household waste management are not an end in itself but the problems of environmental safety, environmental conservation and human health. The question was raised about the necessity for certification of dumps with instructions in the passports of general information. The issue of the system of state management of the development of the mineral resource and raw material base of the country is considered. The problems of waste management in Ukraine in particular in Vinnytsia region and other issues that were raised at the National Forums and at the Scientific Conference held in Ukraine were considered. Waste management is considered as a public program that must comply with European rules and standards. With the adoption of the concept of energy decarbonization in Europe it was said that it is necessary to pay attention to the issues of hydrogen production.