Mining Management Research Articles

Law Enforcement on Management of Limestone Mining Without Permits According to Law Number 3 of 2020 concerning Mineral and Coal Mining

Mining activities in Indonesia are carried out by mining companies that already have official permits. In connection with the existence of mining activities without a permit on objects on the ground, the government issued a legal product in providing protection, which is regulated in Law Number 3 of 2020 concerning Mineral and Coal Mining. The objectives of this study are: 1) Explain the management of limestone mining permits according to Law Number 3 of 2020 concerning Mineral and Coal Mining. 2) Explain law enforcement against limestone mining without a permit according to Law Number 3 of 2020 concerning Mineral and Coal Mining. The method used in this research is using a normative approach. The research specification in this paper is descriptive analytical. The results of the study show: 1) The management of limestone mining permits in Law Number 3 of 2020 concerning Mineral and Coal Mining is carried out in accordance with the provisions in Article 35 Paragraph (4), in which the permits are carried out based on the delegation of authority of the Central Government. 2) Law enforcement against limestone mining without a permit can be said to be ineffective and not in accordance with the purpose of punishment. Given that mining without a permit is a mining crime in the environmental sector, the imposition of criminal sanctions should be oriented towards the environment.

Legal Policy of Old Wells Petroleum Mining Management Based on Social Justice in Realising Energy Sovereignty

Indonesia has the potential for oil from old wells of 10,000 barrels per day, but this potential is not optimally regulated. Hence, its management cannot realise social justice. This research aims to provide a prescription for the distribution of benefits and public participation in managing petroleum in old wells because all provisions for old wells do not accommodate the public interest. This research uses normative legal research utilising a statutory, conceptual, and case approach to analyse the regulation policy related to old wells management. Data were collected by investigating primer and seconder legal material. The results show that the distribution of benefits related to profit-sharing for oil management services at old wells did not reflect justice. Thus, it is causing a lot of illegal mining activities. Moreover, public participation in determining policies is still at the pseudo participation (informing level). Therefore the actual participation has not been accommodated in related regulations of old wells management.

Mining Industry in Canada (Opportunities and Threats)

The article contains a case study focusing on the safety procedures related to the mining industry in Canada. The purpose of the study was to identify the best mining practices in Canada. The paper contains an overview of the laws and procedures regulating the mining industry in Canada as well as the procedures for enforcing environmental and safety regulations. The procedures for changing and constantly updating the safety regulations are also being discussed. This was also done for the purpose of identifying the best practices. The article also addresses the procedure for investigating mining accidents in Canada. The article emphasizes the importance of a three-way partnership (management of the mining company, labor union, and the Ministry of Labor). That three-way partnership is important from the perspective of revising and modifying the mining safety regulations as well as enforcing those regulations. Participation of the labor union as well as the management of the mining company in updating safety regulations makes them more practical and reflective of real safety issues. Unpractical and obsolete mine safety regulations are being eliminated. The labor union and mine management feel the ownership of the mining safety regulations. This fact makes it easier to enforce new regulations. The article also focuses on environmental protection procedures. Environmental risk evaluation is conducted before a mining permit is issued. This is being done by the provincial government. During the mining operation, the Ministry of Labor is handling the environmental protection issues. The Ministry of Labor is constantly checking the compliance with the safety as well as the environmental and sustainability guidelines. Using artificial intelligence and Industry 4.0 technology is also being mentioned.

Mineral and Coal Mining Business and Management in Indonesia from the Indonesian Constitutional Viewpoint

Mineral and coal wealth in Indonesia has long been exploited and exploited since before Indonesia's independence. The mineral and coal management and exploitation scheme has undergone changes starting from using the Contract of Work/Agreement of Work scheme to using the Mining Business Permit scheme, all of which are claimed in accordance with Article 33 paragraph (3) of the NRI Constitution as the Indonesian constitution. The research aims to look at the management and exploitation of mineral and coal mining in Indonesia from the point of view of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia. The research method used in this paper is a normative research method, emphasizing the use of secondary data, namely examining the principles of law and legislation. invitations, which are sourced from primary legal materials, secondary legal materials and tertiary legal materials. In this study, it was concluded that the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia mandates that the management and exploitation of mineral and coal mining by the Government must have a dominant role, the role of the government is not only to regulate, manage and supervise but also plays a role in its management as interpreted by the Constitutional Court's decision. Number 111/PUU- XIII/2015 and the ideas of Moh. Hatta, it does not mean that the Indonesian people reject foreign investment, but that there is a need for a new scheme, one of which is a Joint Venture where 51% or more of the shares are owned by the government or its representatives.

Mineral and Coal Mining Business and Management in Indonesia from the Indonesian Constitutional Viewpoint

Mineral and coal wealth in Indonesia has long been exploited and exploited since before Indonesia's independence. The mineral and coal management and exploitation scheme has undergone changes starting from using the Contract of Work/Agreement of Work scheme to using the Mining Business Permit scheme, all of which are claimed in accordance with Article 33 paragraph (3) of the NRI Constitution as the Indonesian constitution. The research aims to look at the management and exploitation of mineral and coal mining in Indonesia from the point of view of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia. The research method used in this paper is a normative research method, emphasizing the use of secondary data, namely examining the principles of law and legislation. invitations, which are sourced from primary legal materials, secondary legal materials and tertiary legal materials. In this study, it was concluded that the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia mandates that the management and exploitation of mineral and coal mining by the Government must have a dominant role, the role of the government is not only to regulate, manage and supervise but also plays a role in its management as interpreted by the Constitutional Court's decision. Number 111/PUU- XIII/2015 and the ideas of Moh. Hatta, it does not mean that the Indonesian people reject foreign investment, but that there is a need for a new scheme, one of which is a Joint Venture where 51% or more of the shares are owned by the government or its representatives.

Disclosure Determinants of Hazardous Toxic Waste in Indonesia

This study aims to examine the effect of Suppliers, Consumers, community, Shareholders, and Employees on Hazardous Toxic Waste Disclosures in Indonesia by compiling its index. This study uses primary and secondary data. The primary data were obtained by distributing the Hazardous Toxic Waste Disclosure questionnaire to academics, environmental service officials, suppliers, consumers, local communities, shareholders, and company employees. Meanwhile, the secondary data were obtained from the annual reports of manufacturing companies, Management of Mineral, Gas, and Coal Mining, as well as hospitals listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) between 2012-2019. A purposive sampling technique was used, and the independent variables include Suppliers, Consumers, Community, Shareholders, and Employees controlled by Company Size, and Profitability, while the dependent variable is Hazardous Toxic Waste Disclosure. The data were processed using the descriptive test and multiple linear regression. The Stakeholder Theory was used to solve the problem of low Hazardous Toxic Waste Disclosure in Indonesia. The results showed 21 items of the Hazardous Toxic Waste Disclosure index. In a previous study, Suppliers, Consumers, Communities, and employees positively affected Hazardous Toxic Waste Disclosures. Meanwhile, shareholders had a negative effect on the dependent variables

Disclosure Determinants of Hazardous Toxic Waste in Indonesia

This study aims to examine the effect of Suppliers, Consumers, community, Shareholders, and Employees on Hazardous Toxic Waste Disclosures in Indonesia by compiling its index. This study uses primary and secondary data. The primary data were obtained by distributing the Hazardous Toxic Waste Disclosure questionnaire to academics, environmental service officials, suppliers, consumers, local communities, shareholders, and company employees. Meanwhile, the secondary data were obtained from the annual reports of manufacturing companies, Management of Mineral, Gas, and Coal Mining, as well as hospitals listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) between 2012-2019. A purposive sampling technique was used, and the independent variables include Suppliers, Consumers, Community, Shareholders, and Employees controlled by Company Size, and Profitability, while the dependent variable is Hazardous Toxic Waste Disclosure. The data were processed using the descriptive test and multiple linear regression. The Stakeholder Theory was used to solve the problem of low Hazardous Toxic Waste Disclosure in Indonesia. The results showed 21 items of the Hazardous Toxic Waste Disclosure index. In a previous study, Suppliers, Consumers, Communities, and employees positively affected Hazardous Toxic Waste Disclosures. Meanwhile, shareholders had a negative effect on the dependent variables

Analysis of Factors Affecting Human Reliability in the Mining Process Design Using Fuzzy Delphi and DEMATEL Methods

Design errors have always been recognized as one of the main factors affecting safety and health management and sustainable development in surface mines. Unfortunately, scant attention is paid to design errors and the factors causing them. Therefore, based on expert opinions, this study aimed to identify, rank, and investigate cause-and-effect relationships among variables influencing human error in surface mine design in Iran. The study variables were identified by reviewing previous literature on “latent human errors” and “design errors.” After specifying effective variables, two rounds of the Fuzzy Delphi study were carried out to reach a consensus among experts. Nineteen variables with an influencing score of 0.7 and higher were screened and given to the experts to be analyzed for cause-and-effect relationships by the fuzzy DEMATEL method. The results of the study revealed that the following variables were the major factors affecting human error as root causes: poor organizational management (0.62), resource allocation (0.30), training level (0.27), and experience (0.25). Moreover, self-confidence (−0.29), fatigue (−0.28), depression (−0.25), and motive (−0.23) were found to be effect (dependent) variables. Our findings can help organizations, particularly surface mines, to opt for effective strategies to control factors affecting design errors and consequently reduce workers’ errors, providing a good basis for achieving sustainable development.

Açık Maden Sahalarında İnsansız Hava Araçlarının Kullanımı

Günümüzde teknolojik gelişmeler her alanda olduğu gibi yerbilimleri ile uğraşan alanlarda da kendini göstermektedir. Bu teknolojik gelişmelerden biri olan insansız hava araçları (İHA) birçok sektöre yenilikçi yaklaşım sunmuştur. Jeodezi, afet yönetimi, meteroloji, tarım, güvenlik gibi çeşitli alanlarda kullanılmasının yanı sıra madencilikte de kullanımı oldukça yaygınlaşmıştır. Açık ocak maden sahalarında topoğrafik ölçme sorunu aşılması gereken önemli zorluklardan biridir. Topoğrafik ölçümler pahalı ölçme ekipmanı ve profesyonel teknik personeller gerektirmektedir. İHA teknolojisi sahalarda karşılaşılan zorluklara maliyet kontrolünü de sağlayarak kolaylıkla çözüm üretebilmektedir. Son yıllarda, dünyada madencilik faaliyetlerinde; üretim planlaması, patlatma, cevher üretim ve stok takibi ve hacimsel hesaplamaları, şev duyarlılıklarının ve değişimlerinin izlenmesi, pasa miktarının hesaplanması, toz emisyonu, güvenlik gibi alanlarda kullanılmaktadır. Bir açık maden ocağının yönetimi, zamanla sürekli değişen büyük miktarda bilginin elde edilmesini, işlenmesini ve depolanmasını gerektirir. Bu süreçte ölçümlerin hızlı, hassas bir şekilde alınması etkili ve istikrarlı bir çalışmanın anahtarı olacaktır. Gereksiz zaman kaybı ve maliyet kontrolünün önüne geçmede İHA etkili bir yöntem olabilmektedir. Madenin havadan izlenmesi, takibi ve yönetilmesi geleneksel yöntemlere göre zaman tasarrufu ve ölçüm hassasiyeti sağlamaktadır. Bu makalede açık maden sahalarında yapılan örnek çalışmalar da eklenerek insansız hava araçlarının yapısı, avantajları ve açık maden sahalarında kullanım alanları, makul sonuçların elde edilebilirliği ve çalışmalara etki eden faydaları açıklanmıştır.

Persepsi dan Partisipasi Masyarakat dalam Pengelolaan Kawasan Tambang Pasir Bandar Batauga

This study aims to examine public perceptions and participation in the management of sand mining in Bandar Batauga Village, Batauga District, South Buton Regency with a qualitative approach. The research location is in Bandar Batauga Village. The study was conducted in June 2021. The research population was the people of Bandar Batauga, while the research sample was 50 respondents using a purposive sampling technique. Data was collected by means of observation and questionnaires. Data analysis was carried out in a qualitative descriptive manner. The results showed that the majority of respondents agreed that sand mining activities had damaged the environment so that additional efforts were needed for sand mining management and the role of the Regional Government was needed to participate in preserving the environment. However, this sand mining activity is still needed by the residents. The largest community participation in the management of sand mining is provided through the provision of advice and input regarding better sand mining management, followed by warnings that sand mining activities will pose a danger and have a negative impact on the environment.

Имитационное моделирование режимов работы оборудования комплексно-механизированного забоя угольной шахты

Introduction. Currently, a large number of scientific, technical, technological and organizational studies are being conducted in order to reduce the cost of underground coal mining. This is due to a certain decrease in the cost of coal, both on the world and on the domestic market. It should be noted that the complex mechanized face of a coal mine is the beginning of the technological chain of underground coal mining, on which the activity of the entire coal mining enterprise depends. In addition, the growth of digitalization in other industries is pushing mining enterprises to implement modern digital solutions in their organizations. Therefore, special attention should be paid to modeling the operating modes of equipment for complex mechanized coal mine face. The purpose of the research is to build simulation models of the main technological equipment of a complex mechanized coal mine face with a sufficient degree of adequacy to real equipment. Research methodology. The article uses simulation modeling of equipment for complex mechanized coal mine face, presented in the Matlab software product (models of a dredging combine, a lava conveyor, a crusher, a loader). The Eickhoff SL-300 (option 4) acts as a prototype of the simulation model of the dredging combine, the prototype of the avalanche conveyor model is the FFC–9 Glinik conveyor, the prototype of the crusher model is the FLB-10G Glinik crusher, the prototype of the loader model is the FSL-9 Glinik loader. It should be noted that this equipment is installed at the excavation site of the Polysaevskaya coal mine of the Komsomolets mine Management of SUEK-Kuzbass JSC. The presented simulation models of the equipment of complex mechanized coal mine face allow you to set different values, both in electrical and technological parameters. Research results. As a result of the conducted research, simulation models of complex mechanized slaughter of highperformance coal with a high degree of adequacy were obtained. Conclusions. The proposed simulation models of the complex mechanized face of a high-performance coal mine will allow us to investigate the operating modes and optimize them according to the criterion of increased energy efficiency, which will affect the reduction of the cost of coal mining by underground method.

Enterprise Information Security Management Using Internet of Things Combined with Artificial Intelligence Technology

This work is conducted to deal with the information security of enterprise management under the background of current global informatization, popularize the modern Internet of Things (IoT) management technology of enterprises, and maintain the information security of enterprises and provide modern upgrading means for enterprise management. In this work, it firstly introduces the application scenarios of current Internet and Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology and expounds the IoT technology. Secondly, the enterprise management platform is designed, the requirements of enterprise modern management are analyzed, and then the design requirements of system functions and the design of the information security architecture of the IoT are proposed. Furthermore, an enterprise information security management platform is designed, which covers four parts: IoT data mining management, equipment management, key management, and database management. In addition, the performance of the security management platform is tested from four parts: concurrency testing, stress testing, large data volume testing, and security testing. The research results show that the IoT-based enterprise information security management platform designed in this work under the background of AI has perfect functions and stable performance of each module. Concurrency testing, stress testing, large data volume testing, and stability testing are performed on it, and the success rate of the platform in each task reaches 100%. The average response time of concurrent testing and stress testing is about 0.13 seconds, and that of the event entry events is 0.25 seconds. The central processing unit (CPU) occupancy rate in each monitoring task is always lower than 20%. Therefore, it is determined that the performance of the IoT-based enterprise information security management platform designed in this work is sufficient to meet the daily management of enterprises. This work can provide a guarantee for enterprise information security management using AI technology, setting an example for future related research.

Assessment of safe exploitability of undermined objects of the Underground Ore Mining Department of the Mine Management of the PJSC “ArcelorMittal Kryvyi Rih”

The article is devoted to monitoring surface displacement and the condition of monitored objects. The object of research is the process of displacement of the earth’s surface and the state of protected objects of the “United” deposit of the mine department for underground mining of ores of PJSC “ArcelorMittal Kryvyi Rih”. The displacement process is monitored based on long-lasting instrumental observations to determine surface deformations and assess the safety of exploitation of the monitored objects within the mining allotment. The study findings enable ascertaining that in the southern and central parts of the minefield, the displacement process has stopped, but in the northern part, it is still developing, and mining will have no impact on the technological objects of the Mine Management in the next two years. Over the recent two years, actual subsidence rates in the railway area have not exceeded 2.7 mm/month, and they are significantly lower than the permissible values (100 mm/month). The road sections shifting and the base for the removal of the road continue to develop. Mining operations at the deposit “Obiednanyi” have no hazardous impact on the “Schistose Rocks” natural geological reserve, the settlement of Karnavatka and the cemetery “Zakhidne”. Displacement on road and road base sections is in progress. In the vicinity of the settlement of Zhukivka, the maximum relative deformations (3.2 mm/m) are still much lower than the permissible one (6 mm/m), and they will not reach their maximum permissible values in the nearest two three years. In the last year, deformation rates decreased and reached the 2018 figure. Therefore, all the monitored objects within the mining allotment can be safely exploited.

Reform and development of coal mine safety in China: An analysis from government supervision, technical equipment, and miner education

Coal mine safety management has been one of the most successful public governance cases in China in the last 20 years. This paper systematically analyzes the reform measures and experience effects of the Chinese government in coal mine safety governance. It does so from three aspects: government supervision, technical equipment, and miner training. The results show that the number of coal mine accidents in China has fluctuated greatly, which can be divided into five stages. Small and medium-sized coal mines, dominated by township and village coal mines, are the key targets of coal mine safety management in China. Two policies —"shutting down small coal mines” and “integrating resources"—have strengthened the government's safety management of small coal mines. Secondly, the establishment of the State Administration of Coal Mine Safety has solved the supervision conflict caused by the multiple identities of agents and represents a turning point in China's coal mine safety management. Third, coal mine mechanization has a significant negative correlation with the number of accidental deaths and is a crucial measure for improving the intrinsic safety of coal mines. Fourth, the improvement of miners' overall education level has an obvious effect on enhancing coal mine safety. Following long-term safety education and skills training, the number of unsafe actions caused by knowledge deficits and cognitive errors gradually fell. More accidents are caused by the coal mine management giving wrong orders and illegal commands. Finally, this paper discusses the potential deficiencies of coal mine safety management in China at present, and makes some policy suggestions.

Theories and Practices on Deposit Bonds use for Environmental Management and Sustainable Development in Kenya’s Titanium Mining Projects

This article analyses the use of economic incentives, particularly the Environmental Performance Deposit Bonds (EPDBs) in enhancing sustainable environmentally sound mine operations and closure. This is through a review of the environmental challenges and management practices at the Kwale Mineral Sands Project which is Kenya’s ;largest mining project. The article reviews the legal challenges around the effective regulation and application of the bonds for environmental management in upstream mining, as well as how the titanium mining project is undertaking environmental management as the mine approaches its closure deadline in 2023. It is important to note that Base Titanium, the company undertaking this project voluntarily deposited environmental reclamation deposit bonds of USD 512,000 to the environmental regulator, as financial assurance for good environmental practices. The data used in the analysis is from literature review, key informant interviews, interview schedules, and focus group discussions. Results indicate that Base Titanium is working hard to comply to the environmental standards and practices, applying the mitigation hierarchy approaches, as well as a robust mine reclamation process. The lack of a proper legal and regulatory framework governing Environmental Performance Deposit Bonds (EPDBs), as well as a non-existent deposit bonds registry systems and guidelines is a challenge to their effective institutionalization. The public and key stakeholders are also unaware of the existence of the bonds, unlike the well-laid down public participation principles in the Environmental (and Social) Impact Assessments (ESIAs) and Environmental Audits (EAs). While the study acknowledges that Base Titanium is greatly expanding the discourse on sustainable finance models for environmental management in Kenya, the lack of legal clarity and coherence is a major impediment for progressive growth in this area.
 Keywords: Environmental Performance Deposit Bonds (EPDBs); Sustainable Development; Remediation; Environmental and Social Impact Assessments (ESIAs).

Study on Measuring and Evaluating the Synergy Effect of Regional Coal Mine Emergency Management in China Based on the Composite System Synergy Model

Emergency management of coal mines requires enhanced synergy among departments, institutions, and enterprises, which means overall efficiency in management. In this study, a regional coal mine emergency (CME) management synergy system was established; the synergy theory was adopted to construct the order parameter index system of the regional CME management synergy subsystems. Moreover, the order degrees and synergistic degrees of the regional CME management synergy subsystems in Henan Province, China, in the period 2015-2019 were quantitatively measured and analyzed using the composite system synergy model. The results show that the order degrees of regional CME management synergy subsystems and the synergistic degree of the composite system increase overall during the inspection period. With the gradual formation of the regional CME management synergy mechanism, this period has witnessed a steady improvement in both the synergy value and the considerable synergistic effect.

Exploration on Effective Ways to Strengthen Safety Management in Coal Mines

Exploration on Effective Ways to Strengthen Safety Management in Coal Mines

ANALISIS FENOMENA SOSIAL KUASA ELIT DI DUSUN JAMBU SLEMAN YOGYAKARTA

This research is to find out the basis of the power possessed so that the actors in sand mining are called elites. Besides that, it is also to find out the capacity of the elites and the relationship patterns that are run by these elites. The method used is an approach to collect data and analyze data, in the form of data collection through observation and interviews. While the data analysis uses the Miles and Huberman model, using phases, data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing/verification. The results showed the elite stratification in sand mining in Jambu Hamlet, namely The Big Bourgeoisie/Upper Class consisting of land owners and equipment owners and local government at the highest level (provincial), The Petty Bourgeoise/ Middle Class consisting of Operators, Helpers, Managers, The foreman, the land owner community, the head of the coker group, the local government, the working class/lower class consisting of the coker and the community. However, judging from the capacity of the ruling elite, the existence of elite rulers is in the classification of the petty bourgeois ruling class or the middle class because managers as elite determinants and management decision making are extensions of entrepreneurs who have business interests. So that the pattern relationship shows the regularity of sand mining management which develops intensive communication between entrepreneurs and managers so that there is no visible conflict about results.

Evaluation of Land use and Land Cover Changes in the Gold Mining Enclaves of Zamfara Sahel, Nigeria

Understanding land use and land cover changes and their underlying dynamics is critical to land reclamation and biodiversity management in mining enclaves and deceleration of desertification in the vast Zamfara Sahel of Northwestern Nigeria. This paper presents a quantitative analysis of land cover changes in the gold mining enclaves of Anka, Bukkuyum and Maru Local Government Areas in Zamfara State, Nigeria. Data were aggregated from field trips, remote sensing and geographical information system technologies and archives. Data and satellite images from three time periods of 1987, 2002 and 2020 were used for the analysis. The images were captured on yearly degradation rates of LULC classes within 100m, 200m and 300m of protected areas. Five LULC classes were identified and twenty-five transition classes were mapped out using GIS technology. Analysis shows bare ground/ built-up/rock outcrop LULC class expanded as mining activities had deleterious impacts on the land cover of the enclaves.

Effect of genetic properties of Khiagda uranium deposits on the choice of in-situ leaching technologies

Hydrogenous uranium deposits of Khiagda ore field have no equal among commercial uranium reserves recovered by the in-situ leaching (ISL) technology. Khiagda JSC carries out ISL of uranium from four uranium deposits in Khiagda field, namely, Khiagda, Vershinnoe, Istochnoe and Kolichkan. As compared to ore occurrences in alluvium in large paleovalleys and in syneclise-type and grabensyncline type artesian basins in Uzbekistan, Southern Kazakhstan, South Australia and in the TransUrals, Khiagda ore field differs by the fact that uranium sources in the catchment area locate at a distance of a few tens of kilometers from the uranium concentration zones in the reducing geochemical barriers. At the Vitim deposits, the zones of uranium removal from the Vitimkan Complex granite by surface water and groundwater and the zones of uranium concentration under the action of syngenetic and epigenetic reducers in the alluvium–proluvium deposits in paleovallyes are very closely spaced at tens and hundreds of meters to a few kilometers. Some other differences include the mostly phosphate rather than oxide and silica composition of uranium minerals and the near-modern age of ore—1.5–12.5 million years. The breakthrough mining technologies are proposed, such as: nonregular accessing of ore bodies with the nonuniform distribution of uranium; use of sodium nitrite as a uranium oxidizer; groundwater resources management in mining of weakly watered deposits; direct determination of uranium content of ore using the method of neutron–neutron logging. These technologies enhance efficiency of ISL. The further research aimed to improve the process designs is proposed to be focused on optimization of ISL borehole patterns as well as on improvement of groundwater resources management in mining weakly watered deposits.