Management Accounting Systems Research Articles

Innovations in accounting in Ukraine: the study of the impact of new developments

Introduction. Effective business management is impossible without establishing an efficient accounting and analytical management system. The effectiveness of modern solutions in the field of financial activity accounting for enterprises is directly related to innovations. After all, those who do not keep pace with modern technologies fall behind in successful business processes. The purpose of the paper is to analyze modern innovative solutions in the field of accounting that are widely implemented in the conditions of rapid digital transformations. Results. The paper examines the features of accounting organization in enterprises under conditions of global information progress. It has been proven that digital transformations today are the landscape for innovations in the field of enterprise activity accounting, including tax planning and financial reporting. From the analysis of scientific literature, it has been established that big data, blockchain technologies, and artificial intelligence prove their functionality and efficiency in accounting business processes. These technologies ensure speed, accuracy, continuity, and security of operational processes. From the systemic analysis of the reviewed scientific literature, there arose concerns that such widespread use of information technologies might displace humans from the labor market, as the volume of information that can be processed by means of blockchain or AI significantly exceeds human physical capabilities. However, in our opinion, such digital transformations will somewhat change the labor market, which will require personnel whose qualifications meet the needs for supporting operational processes based on innovative accounting technologies. Conclusion. The research on the topic of innovations in the field of accounting has provided a clear understanding that the accounting processes of modern business are built on digital technologies. Modern automated technical capabilities are able to optimize, accelerate, and improve the accounting processes at the enterprise. Precisely, modern digital capabilities reliably protect accounting information from unauthorized intrusions into user servers.

Pengaruh Pengelolaan Keuangan Daerah dan Sistem Akuntansi Keuangan Daerah terhadap Kinerja Keuangan Pemerintah: Studi Empiris pada OPD Provinsi Sumatera Barat

This study aims to analyse the influence of regional financial management and regional financial accounting system on government financial performance. The research was conducted at the West Sumatera Province Regional Apparatus Organization. The sampling technique uses purposive sampling. Method Data collection was carried out using a questionnaire. Regression analysis Multiple tests were carried out to test the hypothesis using SPSS 20 with results research shows that regional financial management has a positive effect on government financial performance while the regional financial accounting system does not has an influence on the government's financial performance.

Moderating Environmental Uncertainty: Management Accounting Systems and Decentralization on Managerial Performance

Competition in the world of business and industry requires company managers to organize organizational systems to make them more effective and efficient. The management and decentralized accounting system implemented by the company as well as uncertain environmental conditions also have an impact on the company. This research aims to analyze the influence of management accounting systems, decentralization, and environmental uncertainty on managerial performance. The population in this research are managers at telecommunications companies in the Papua region. The sampling in this research was a non-probability sampling design with a quota sampling technique obtained using an instrument in the form of 34 questionnaires which were distributed directly. The data analysis method in this research uses Structural Equation Model (SEM)-PLS analysis. The research results show that decentralization can influence managerial performance, but the management accounting system implemented is not able to provide a significant influence on managerial performance. Meanwhile, conditions of environmental uncertainty as a moderating variable are also unable to influence the relationship between decentralization and management accounting systems on managerial performance.
 

Analisis penerapan akuntansi manajemen lingkungan pada perusahaan sub sektor kayu dan pengolahannya di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) dan kesesuaiannya dengan Standard Global Reporting Initiative (GRI)

Poor company environmental management requires an Environmental Management Accounting system as environmental control which is used to identify, assess, measure and present waste management costs from operational activities. This research aims to find out whether the application of environmental management accounting in the reporting of manufacturing companies in the wood and processing sub-sector is in accordance with global reporting initiative standards. The method used in this research is a qualitative descriptive approach, so it can be seen whether the environmental management accounting system and sustainability reports of manufacturing companies in the wood and processing sub-sector have been presented properly and correctly. Based on the research results, it can be concluded that 4 companies in the wood sub-sector manufacturing and processing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI) are in accordance with the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) Standard and only one company provides an internal failure environmental cost report.

A Study on the Impact of Corporate Financial Accounting Management System on Corporate Innovation Under Sustainable Development Strategy

In the complex and changeable macro-economy, the sustainable development of enterprises is closely related to their ability to resist risks. To analyze the influencing factors of listed enterprises’ anti risk ability, this study constructs an indicator system of influencing variables through principal component analysis. The financial risk early warning method based on improved RBF neural network is constructed. Afterwards, the relevance of the indicator system was confirmed by the Kaiser-Meyer–Olkin (KMO) test. And in simulation experiments, it compared the classification performance of the BP neural network and the improved RBF model combined with the clustering algorithm. In the training dataset, the classification accuracy of the BP neural network was 79.6% while that of the improved RBF model was as high as 93.6%. In the 30 test datasets, the BP neural network appeared to have seven false positives. In the 30 test datasets, the BP neural network produced seven false judgments, while the proposed method only had three judgment errors. Several experiments showed that the BGD-RBF financial risk early warning model effectively maintained a high performance in the classification accuracy of enterprise financial status. It is more reliable than the traditional BP neural network method.

RESEARCH ON ASSET MANAGEMENT IN PRIVATE UNIVERSITIES IN CHINA (THE CASE STUDY OF THE YUNNAN COLLEGE OF BUSINESS MANAGEMENT)

The purpose of this study is to examine asset management practices in Chinese private universities using Yunnan College of Business Management as a case study. The study draws on four theoretical frameworks: legitimacy theory, stakeholder theory, agency theory, and resource-based view theory. Qualitative research methods, including interviews and document analysis, are used to collect data from relevant stakeholders, such as administrators, faculty, and students. The study finds that while Yunnan College of Business Management has implemented various asset management strategies, there are still opportunities for improvement in areas such as asset utilization and maintenance. The results also suggest that the university should consider the interests of various stakeholders, including students, faculty, and donors, to improve the legitimacy and sustainability of its asset management practices. Based on these findings, this study recommends that the university develop a comprehensive asset management plan that is consistent with its mission and values, adopts advanced technology for asset tracking and maintenance, and establishes a transparent and accountable asset management system. This study contributes to the literature on asset management in the higher education sector and provides practical recommendations for improving asset management practices in Chinese private universities.

ОБЛІКОВА ПОЛІТИКА В СИСТЕМІ УПРАВЛІНСЬКОГО ОБЛІКУ У ЛІСОГОСПОДАРСЬКИХ ПІДПРИЄМСТВАХ

Accounting serves as the basis for management decisions regarding the rational management of forest use, adaptation of the accounting of forestry enterprises to modern requirements requires the introduction of a new approach to the accounting of forest resources. Properly organized cost accounting leads to the economic growth of the enterprise, the impact of activity results on increasing the efficiency of production, the pricing system. Enterprises should use such a mechanism for the formation of production costs, which would allow obtaining complete and reliable information for management needs. The main document of the organization, which determines the procedure for keeping records when displaying economic transactions, is the accounting policy. The article examines the formation of an accounting policy in the management accounting system, which allows you to choose the most appropriate method of calculating the cost price, ensure the control of the movement of resources and optimize costs. The purpose of the study is to identify problems in the formation of accounting policy for the purpose of organizations of proper management accounting in forestry enterprises and to substantiate the directions of their solution. In the course of the conducted research, the main elements of the organizational and technical section of the accounting policy were substantiated. The stages of management accounting organization in forestry enterprises are given: preparatory (organizational), technological, implementation, preparation of reports. Management accounting is considered as a whole from technical, methodical and organizational aspects, which will ensure the implementation of modern accounting and provide the necessary information on the considered phenomena and processes, income and expenses, and in this way conditions are created for the operational use of this information for the purpose of managing a forestry enterprise. The implementation of the elements of the accounting policy presented in the article allows to increase the efficiency of the management accounting system due to the distribution of duties and responsibilities for its organization and management.

Analysis of Human Competence Influence, Entrepreneurial Characteristics, Information Technology, Management Accounting System, and Environmental Uncertainty on the Performance of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Pasuruan City, Indonesia

Analysis of Human Competence Influence, Entrepreneurial Characteristics, Information Technology, Management Accounting System, and Environmental Uncertainty on the Performance of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Pasuruan City, Indonesia

The role of GoJek and Grab sharing economy platforms and management accounting systems usage on performance of MSMEs during covid-19 pandemic: Evidence from Indonesia

This study investigates the influence of MSME actors' characteristics on the use of sharing economy, management accounting system, and financial performance during the Covid-19 Pandemic. Based on a questionnaire survey obtained from 167 respondents, we hypothesize and find that age and non-formal education have a positive effect on the use of the sharing economy. MSMEs that are managed by actors at a young age tend to use the sharing economy to maintain their business. In addition, MSMEs’ leaders that receive non-formal education acquire additional business knowledge encouraging them to use the sharing economy. Furthermore, the use of the sharing economy has a positive effect on Management Accounting Systems usage. Finally, Management Accounting Systems usage has a positive effect on the financial performance. The results of this study provide useful insights into the design of effective MSMEs' mentoring systems and support the Indonesian government program toward empowering MSMEs.

Impact of Academic Staff Union of Universities’ (ASUU)-Federal Government of Nigeria (FGN) Disputes on the Output of Public Universities in North-East Nigeria

The study investigated the impact of Academic Staff Union of Universities’ (ASUU)-Federal Government of Nigeria (FGN) disputes on the output of public universities in North-East Nigeria. Four objectives, four research questions and four null hypotheses guided the study. Ex-post facto-survey research design was used for this study. The population of the study is 5,434 academic staff in seven Federal Universities in North Eastern Nigeria. The sample size for the study comprised 372 Academic staff as respondents. This size was determined using Taro Yamane formula for sample size determination. The instruments used for data collection were two self-structured questionnaire namely “Impact of Academic Staff Union of Universities’ (ASUU)-Federal Government of Nigeria (FGN) Disputes Questionnaire (IASUUFGNDQ)” with 15-items and “Output of Public Universities Questionnaire (OPUQ) with 15-items developed by the researcher. The validity and reliability of the instruments were established. Data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics of mean and standard deviation. Inferential statistics of linear and multiple regression analysis were used in testing the null hypotheses. Based on the analysis of data, the study revealed that Academic Staff Union of Universities (ASUU)-Federal Government of Nigeria (FGN) dispute on University autonomy, funding and proliferation have positive significant impact on the output of Federal universities in North Eastern Nigeria, F(3, 371) = 68.528, p < 0.05. Based on the findings of the study, it was recommended among others that; the Federal Government should engage in dialogue with ASUU to develop a comprehensive policy that respects university autonomy while ensuring accountability. This policy should clearly define the roles and responsibilities of universities, allowing them the freedom to manage their internal affairs without undue interference, while establishing mechanisms for oversight and support. The Federal Government should increase and stabilize funding for universities through a well-structured and predictable financial support system. This could include revising the funding formula to ensure that universities receive adequate resources for infrastructure, research, and teaching, and implementing a transparent and accountable financial management system.

Management Accounting System for Private Universities in China

Management Accounting System for Private Universities in China

The Determinants and Effect of the Incentive Intensity: Empirical Evidence from Japan

This study examines various determinants of incentive intensity and the moderating effect of risk aversion on the relationship between incentive intensity and organisational performance. Prior studies have reported mixed results concerning the determinants of incentive intensity, and few studies have examined the moderation effect. We analysed empirical data from a cross-sectional survey of 600 Japanese organisations that manage foreign subsidiaries. The principal and agency structure can be seen in both participants (HQ and a foreign subsidiary) with the agency problem. The first determinant is environmental uncertainty, which is investigated in two types of uncertainties: market and general business environmental uncertainties. The findings suggest that general business environmental uncertainty is negatively associated with incentive intensity, but the negative effect of market environmental uncertainty on it depends on the prospect of incremental profits. The rest of the determinants are derived from the incentive intensity principle, including some features of management accounting systems. In this study, the effects of the determinants are supported as expected in principle. In particular, the incentive intensity is influenced by the prospect of incremental profits, an agent’s risk preference, and their responsiveness to incentives. As for the moderation effect, the positive effect of the incentive intensity on the performance is decreased by an agent’s risk aversion. Our empirical results explain mixed evidence in previous studies and are consistent with the agency theory.

Construction of Enterprise Asset Management Accounting System Based on Blockchain Technology

Abstract With the continuous development of blockchain technology and the capital market, asset management introduced by blockchain has become the focus of enterprises, and this paper studies the enterprise asset management accounting system based on blockchain technology. By using blockchain technology, an asset management accounting system can be built by combining the cost control and responsibility system. Even though the enterprise asset management mode is designed to be efficient, the evaluation index of blockchain is not accurate. The blockchain enterprise asset management mode is analyzed using the DEA effectiveness model combined with the entropy weight method. Combined with the measured data of blockchain technology, the election phase, throughput, and transaction delay are compared, in which the blockchain technology BFT-Raft has a significant improvement in the election phase, the throughput is increased by 101.2TPS, and the transaction delay is reduced by 200~250ms.Through the analysis of the enterprise asset management and the analysis of blockchain de-also asset management efficacy, in which the coverage rate of blockchain technology and the asset yield increase year by year from 2018 to 2021, and reach the highest value of 0.5785 and 0.3612 in 2021, respectively, indicating that M’s overall asset management efficiency of the company has gradually improved with the coverage application of blockchain technology. In summary, the enterprise asset management accounting system based on blockchain technology in this paper can effectively improve the efficiency of enterprise asset management and is of practical significance for the development of enterprise asset management.

МЕТОДИЧНІ ЗАСАДИ ОРГАНІЗАЦІЇ ОБЛІКОВОГО ТА КОНТРОЛЬНОГО ІНСТРУМЕНТАРІЮ В УПРАВЛІННІ ЛОГІСТИЧНИМИ ВИТРАТАМИ ПІДПРИЄМСТВА

The methods of accounting and management accounting of the logistics costs of the enterprise used in modern practice are critically evaluated from the point of view of the possibilities of providing, on their basis, the growing information needs in management processes. The limited effectiveness of the control function due to the insufficiency of the analytical section of the data generated within the accounting system is discussed. The research was conducted on the basis of the dialectical method of learning phenomena and processes and approaches to theoretical generalization. The methods of observation and comparison were used to discuss the completeness of accounting coverage of the composition of logistics costs, and scientific abstraction for the purpose of a generalized assessment of the compliance of the methodological principles of accounting and internal control parameters for the modern needs of managing this type of costs. It was established that the efficiency and objectivity of these management tools ensure the timely development of preventive measures at the enterprise to optimize logistics costs in terms of responsibility centers and structural units of the enterprise. The use of methodological principles implemented in practice for the organization of accounting and control tools in the management of logistics costs is considered in the study under the projection of productive use by structural units. information obtained on this basis. Separate aspects of improving the methodological principles of accounting and control in the logistics cost management system have been formulated. It is justified that the emphasis of the formation of operational information about logistics costs should be on the formation of a management accounting system that is adaptive to the specifics of the enterprise. It is argued that in this system it is necessary to deepen the grouping of logistics costs of modern enterprises by centers of responsibility and phases of logistics activity. It was determined that from the point of view of the trends of providing public information about the activities of enterprises (for example, various types of management reports), it becomes necessary to expand the methodology of accounting for logistics costs on balance accounts based on the regulatory introduction of additional sub-accounts to the chart of accounts.

A study of key techniques in mathematical input-output modeling in the field of management accounting

Abstract In this paper, we explore the integration of a stochastic input-output model based on uniform distribution into management accounting systems to enhance operational efficiency in enterprises. The model is formulated as the mathematical expression of an input-output table, focusing on the structure of the direct consumption coefficient matrix. By applying this model to the financial data of Y Iron and Steel Enterprise in W City, we evaluate the enterprise’s competitiveness and input-output performance. From 2019 to 2023, the company’s capital rate increased markedly from 0.0235 to 0.0868, reflecting a stronger resilience against lousy debt risks. Furthermore, we observed substantial growth in assets, deposits, and loans, with 2023 figures at 0.4965, 0.5839, and 0.3899, respectively. These metrics highlight the rapid development of the financial market and expansion opportunities. Our analysis demonstrates the utility of input-output models in management accounting to qualitatively assess and optimize product output and sales, thus ensuring greater overall operational efficiency.

Cloud Accounting and its Adoption in Sultanate of Oman

Cloud accounting (CA) is one of the most trends of technology in the domain of accounting and financial services. The CA is regarded as one of the accounting models that helps to the advancement of the accounting profession around the world, particularly in the Sultanate of Oman considering the adoption of the accounting cloud in government institutions, companies and banks, many goals will be achieved, including accuracy and quality in accounting and auditing work with processing storing the financial information easily in the cloud accounting. Additionally, this study aims to identify the concepts and perspective of cloud accounting and how effect to the organization and accountants’ practices. On the other hand, determine the benefits of using the model of accounting cloud in the workplace that helps a lot of institution to move to this technology of accounting. Cloud accounting systems are less expensive than other programs and can be adopted with minimal effort, especially in SME’s that can access information from the cloud at anytime and anywhere by browser that connected to the Internet. Despite all these advantages, there are some risks such as security and fear of using a new accounting platform that delays the adoption of cloud accounting, and for those who, with the passage of time, these risks and limitations will disappear. Furthermore, this study will discuss the deep difference between the cloud accounting software’s and the manual accounting system to get more full knowledge and understanding about the cloud related to accounting to access to the public for the future of accounting. Therefore, it is recommended that inculcate the culture of cloud accounting across many platforms such as courses and conferences to adopting it as well as to improve the quality of accounting work for achieving the Oman vision 2040.

From Plantation Ledgers to Corporate Balance Sheets: How Slavery in the United States Led to the Modern Managerial Accounting System and the Modern US Economy

From Plantation Ledgers to Corporate Balance Sheets: How Slavery in the United States Led to the Modern Managerial Accounting System and the Modern US Economy

Creating information about business processes of IT-company in management accounting

Introduction. Formation of information about business processes in the management accounting system will help to avoid the deforming transformations of individual processes and sharp dynamic fluctuations in key business performance indicators. For a clear understanding of the need to optimize each process in the management accounting system, there is an opportunity to form a series of indicators that will demonstrate in real time the growth in business value and its real state. For IT companies, it is necessary to take into account the peculiarities of their organization and the construction of business processes, the identification of a series of indicators to identify «bottlenecks» and determine processes that need optimization and reengineering. The purpose of the study is to explore and analyze methods of creating information about business processes in IT companies.
 Research methods. To conduct scientific research in the article, the following were used: monographic analysis to study scientific works on the topic of research; critical analysis – assessment and comparison of approaches, methods, and results of previous studies; case study methodology – studying the practice of management accounting in IT companies; data analysis and statistical analysis, content analysis, and expert evaluations to obtain results.
 Results. The article highlights the processes of analysis and description of business processes, identification of key performance indicators, and integration of technologies for optimizing work. In the management accounting system, it is proposed to introduce a coefficient measure of business size, evaluate different product models, predict increases/decreases in efficiency, forecast the impact of the external environment, and form relevant information for managerial decision-making.
 Prospects. Promising directions for the development of research are issues of effective resource management, methodologies for systematic analysis of business processes, and improvement of strategic planning.

경영환경, 경영전략, 경영혁신이 전략적 MAS의 이용 및 MAP에 미치는 영향

[Purpose]This paper analyzes the impact of corporate management characteristics, including the business environment, business strategy, and business innovation, on the utilization of strategic MAS and MAP. [Methodology]For the research methodology, we used SPSS 25 to verify Cronbach's alpha values and conducted an exploratory factor analysis for validity testing. We also examined the correlation between variables using Pearson's correlation coefficient. Furthermore, we performed confirmatory factor analysis using AMOS and conducted structural equation modeling for hypothesis testing. [Findings] The results of this study, firstly, that environmental uncertainty, differentiation strategy in business strategy, and advanced production technologies and management innovation methods in business innovation have a significant impact on the utilization of strategic MAS. Secondly, the utilization of strategic MAS was found to have a significant impact on MAP. [Implications]This study is significant in considering various corporate management characteristics simultaneously in relation to the utilization of management accounting systems and the performance of management accounting personnel.

EFFECTIVENESS OF INFORMATION SUPPORT FOR MANAGERIAL COLLABORATION AMONG HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY ENTERPRISES

The management accounting tools that are used in management activities and the main factors that are necessary for successful management accounting are analyzed. The goal we set in preparation of our article, is to reveal the main aspects of the organization of the effectiveness of the management accounting system as a source of information support for the process of management decision-making, the identification of problems that arise in the process of formation and functioning of this system, and the advantages it provides to the hotel business enterprise. The main requirements for information in the management accounting system and their influence on the definition of the concept of "management accounting" are outlined. It was found that the definitions presented in Table 1 have in common that the main task of management accounting is to provide unbiased information necessary for making management decisions by the relevant management units of the enterprise. The content of management accounting and methods of its implementation are presented schematically. The organization of information support of the hotel business is considered in the example of hotel "A" and the information equipment of hotel "A" is studied, in particular 14 personal computers that are combined into one network. The efficiency indicators of the information service of the hotel business are analyzed and it is determined that the highest consumer satisfaction with information support corresponds to the service providing telecommunication services, security service, and engineering service, and in turn, indexing the degree of consumer satisfaction with the information base will allow formalizing the organizational work of the hotel based on needs and expectations, and this will make it possible to select strategic alternatives to improve the quality of the hotel enterprise. The effectiveness of information support of managerial collaboration among hospitality industry enterprises has been analyzed, measures have been developed to intensify the management activities of Hotel “A” based on the use of information systems and technology. It was proved that they are effective and can be implemented in the activities of the hotel business.