Malondialdehyde Levels In Patients Research Articles

Malondialdehyde Serum Levels in a Full Characterized Series of 430 Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients

Background. Oxidative stress has been involved in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The serum malondialdehyde (MDA) level is a reliable biomarker of oxidative stress status. In the present work, we aimed to analyze how a comprehensive characterization of the disease characteristics in RA, including a lipid profile, insulin resistance, and subclinical atherosclerosis, relates to serum MDA levels. Methods. In a cross-sectional study that included 430 RA patients, serum MDA levels were evaluated. Multivariable analysis was performed to examine the relationship of MDA with disease activity scores and disease characteristics, including subclinical carotid atherosclerosis, a comprehensive lipid molecule profile, and indices of insulin resistance and beta cell function indices. Results. The erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) showed a significant and positive relationship with MDA. However, this did not occur for other acute phase reactants such as C-reactive protein or interleukin-6. Although the DAS28-ESR score (Disease Activity Score in 28 joints) had a positive and significant association with MDA serum levels, other disease activity scores that do not use the erythrocyte sedimentation rate in their formula did not show a significant relationship with MDA. Other disease characteristics, such as disease duration and the existence of rheumatoid factor and antibodies against citrullinated protein, were not related to serum MDA levels. This also occurred for lipid profiles, insulin resistance indices, and subclinical carotid atherosclerosis, for which no associations with circulating MDA were found. Conclusions. The disease characteristics are not related to circulating MDA levels in patients with RA.

Serum Malondialdehyde Levels in Patients with Non Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Serum Malondialdehyde Levels in Patients with Non Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Prognostic Value of Malondialdehyde (MDA) in the Temporal Progression of Chronic Spinal Cord Injury.

Oxidative stress is a major signature of spinal cord injury (SCI). The altered levels of various oxidative stress markers have been demonstrated in acute and chronic SCI. However, the variation of these markers in patients with chronic SCI depending on the time since the initial injury has not been explored yet. Our aim was to measure plasma levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), a marker of lipid peroxidation in patients with SCI stratified in different periods of suffering the injury (0-5 years, 5-10 years, and more than 10 years). This cross-sectional study enrolled patients with SCI (N = 105) from different periods of the lesion and healthy control (HC) subjects (N = 38): short period (SCI SP, N = 31, time of evolution less than 5 years); early chronic (SCI ECP, N = 32, time of evolution 5-15 years); and late chronic (SCI LCP, N = 42, time of evolution more than 15 years). The plasma levels of MDA were measured using a commercially available colorimetric assay. Patients with SCI had significantly higher plasma levels of MDA than HC subjects. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis for plasma MDA levels in patients with SCI demonstrated areas under the curve (AUC) of 1 (HC vs. SCI-SP); 0.998 (HC vs. SCI-ECP); and 0.964 (HC vs. SCI-LCP). Additionally, three ROC curves were used to compare the different concentrations of MDA between the subgroups of patients with SCI, and the resulting AUCs were: 0.896 (SCI-SP vs. SCI-ECP); 0.840 (SCI-ECP vs. SCI-LCP); and 0.979 (SCI-SP vs. SCI-LCP). Plasma concentration of MDA can be considered as an oxidative stress biomarker to assess the prognosis of SCI in chronic stages.

Comparative Analysis of the Pre- and Post-Medication Effects of Antipsychotic Agents on the Blood-Based Oxidative Stress Biomarkers in Patients with Schizophrenia: A Meta-Analysis.

Studies have shown that oxidative stress (OS) is related to the pathophysiology of schizophrenia (SCZ), but whether antipsychotics can induce OS has not been investigated well. Moreover, antipsychotics have differential effects on the OS level modulation, i.e., different types of antipsychotics have different effects on the cellular antioxidants or pro-oxidants. We followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines and investigated the OS indicators including both enzymatic and nonenzymatic markers, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), vitamin C, etc., of SCZ patients at baseline and follow-up of mono-medication. Twenty studies met the inclusion criteria, with a total of 1162 patients enrolled at baseline, and 1105 patients completed the follow-up. OS markers were changed after a period of antipsychotic treatment in SCZ patients. The GPx activity and MDA level decreased in the whole blood (P<0.05), also the serum MDA level decreased (P<0.05). For the first-episode SCZ patients, the activity of GPx and the level of MDA decreased, while the level of vitamin C increased (all P<0.05). The levels of MDA in patients receiving atypical antipsychotics decreased (P<0.05), while the level of GSH in patients with typical antipsychotics decreased (P=0.05). Antipsychotic medication may cause changes in the levels of OS markers in different blood samples of SCZ patients. However, the available studies might not be sufficient to reveal the underlying facts accurately due to the poor quality of experimental designs in the published literature.

Differential malondialdehyde (MDA) detection in plasma samples of patients with major depressive disorder (MDD): A potential biomarker.

ObjectiveTo measure plasma levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), a marker of oxidative stress (OS), in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) compared with healthy control (HC) subjects in order to determine if it is a possible biomarker of depression.MethodsThis prospective cross-sectional study enrolled patients with MDD and HC subjects. The plasma levels of MDA were measured using a commercially-available colorimetric assay.ResultsA total of 30 patients with MDD and 20 HC subjects with similar sex, age and body mass index distribution were enrolled in the study. Patients with MDD had significantly higher plasma levels of MDA than the HC subjects. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis for plasma MDA levels in patients with MDD demonstrated an area under the curve of 0.9767.ConclusionThe findings of this current study provide further evidence of the role pathophysiological relevance of OS and MDA in MDD. This study provides the basis for the use of MDA as a biomarker for MDD.

Association between redox imbalance, pterin metabolism markers, and early extrapyramidal side effects of antipsychotics in schizophrenia: pilot study

Antipsychotics (AP) administration in schizophrenia patients is associated with several side effects (SE), in particular, with extrapyramidal (EP). Data suggests that oxidative damage to dopaminergic neurons in the EP system may be related to tardive dyskinesia and Parkinson's disease (PD) development, although data on the role of oxidative stress in the development of early EPSE of AP is lacking. Another poorly studied hypothesis of the EP-symptoms pathogenesis considers disorders of folate (pterin) metabolism.Objective: to evaluate the relationship between redox imbalance and pterin metabolism with the severity of early EPSE caused by AP used in the schizophrenia treatment.Patients and methods. The study included 50 patients with the first episode of schizophrenia. EP symptoms were evaluated using the UKU Side-Effect Rating Scale (“UKU-SERS-Clin” version). The levels of reduced glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), malondialdehyde (MDA), aldehyde-2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazone, ketone-2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazone were assessed in blood plasma; levels of BH4, folate, cobalamin (vitamin B12), and homocysteine – in blood serum; superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase activity – in erythrocytes.Results and discussion. EPSE severity was inversely proportional inversely proportional to the GSH level and directly proportional to the SOD activity. EPSE severity was also associated with AP selectivity, but not with their dosages. However, AP selectivity was not associated with studied biochemical parameters. MDA level in patients prescribed with amantadine was lower than in other participants.Conclusion. Early AP-induced EPSE were associated with redox imbalance, which indicates the necessity for further research aiming at prevention of secondary neurodegenerative diseases in patients with schizophrenia receiving AP.

Assessment of lipid peroxidation status in the serum of Moroccan patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma

Many studies have addressed the role of oxidative stress products in the carcinogenesis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). The current study aimed to assess malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in the serum of patients with NPC before and after chemo- radiotherapy (CRT), to evaluate its potential role as a biomarker in the management of this disease. A total of 112 patients with newly diagnosed NPC, occurring between January 2017 and February 2019, were enrolled and followed up. The level of MDA was determined by spectrophotometric method. Serum MDA levels in NPC patients before CRT were higher (0.911 µmol/ml/mg) than that obtained in the control group (0.613 µmol/ml/mg) (p < 0.00). After CRT, MDA levels decreased significantly (0.698 µmol/ml/mg) (p = 0.007). Serum MDA levels in patients at advanced disease stages (III-IV) were significantly higher (0.966 µmol/ml/mg) than those at early disease stage (I-II) (0.492 µmol/ml/mg) (p = 0.001). Additionally, no significant association was observed between MDA levels before CRT and patients' outcomes (p > 0.05). In conclusion, high levels of MDA in the serum of patients with NPC before CRT, and their increase with disease stage, accurately reflect the heightened oxidative stress level in NPC. These findings strongly imply that MDA serum levels could be used as a biomarker in the progression monitoring of NPC.

EVALUATION OF THE EXTENT OF OXIDATIVE STRESS IN BREAST CANCER PATIENTS OF INDIAN POPULATION

Background and purpose: Oxidative stress in a cell is evident due to surplus production of oxidants because of the hysterical functioning of the system that regulates them. One such secondary product produced due to oxidative stress is malondialdehyde (MDA), a product of lipid peroxidation. To quench the effect of oxidants, antioxidant system in the cell has a signicant role. The imbalance between these two creates oxidative stress. Methods: The present study, focused on assessing the oxidative stress ratio and evaluating the levels of malondialdehyde and total antioxidant status (TAS) in breast cancer patients and healthy controls. Blood samples from breast cancer patients and age matched controls (n= 30 each. MDAand TAS estimated by pursuing Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substance (TBARS) Assay and Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) Assay respectively. Results: The level of MDA in patients was signicantly higher (172.7 ± 81.4 nM/mL) than that of controls (77.9 ± 49.5 nM/mL) (p=0.009) whereas the level of TAS in the patients (2551 ± 1298µM/L) was signicantly lower to that of the controls (3631 ± 1123µM/L) (P=0.001). In addition, MDAand TAS levels correlated with respect to chemotherapy cycles in patients. Patients undertaking the nal stage of chemotherapy treatment had shown reduced oxidative stress than the patients in initial stage of chemotherapy, presenting a promising recovery pattern. Conclusion: The oxidative stress was evident in patients but the effectiveness of chemotherapy drugs. Foods rich in antioxidants could elevate the health and morale of the patients.

Investigation of the relationship between GSTM1 gene variations and serum trace elements, plasma malondialdehyde levels in patients with colorectal cancer.

The aim of this study is to investigate of the relationship between GSTM1 gene variations and serum trace elements, plasma malondialdehyde levels in patient with colorectal cancer. Mateials and Methods. Genotype distributions of GSTM1 gene variations were determined using real-time polymerase chain reaction method. Serum trace element levels were determined using atomic absorption spectrophotometer method and plasma MDA levels were measurement by spectrophotometric method. Serum Cu levels, plasma MDA levels and Cu/Zn ratio were determined significantly higher in the group of CRC patient carrying the GA heterozygous genotype of the GSTM1 (rs 112,778,559) gene variation compared to healthy controls (p < 0.05). Serum Cu, Zn levels, plasma MDA levels and Cu/Zn ratio were determined significantly higher in patients carrying GG homozygous genotype of the GSTM1 (rs 112778559) gene variation compared to healthy controls carrying same genotype (p < 0.05). Serum Cu, Zn levels, plasma MDA levels and Cu/Zn ratio were determined significantly higher in the group of CRC patient carrying the GG homozygous genotype of the GSTM1 (rs 12068997) gene variation compared to healthy controls (p < 0.05). On the other hand, serum Se levels were detected significantly lower in CRC patients carrying GA heterozygous and GG homozygous genotypes for GSTM1 (rs 112,778,559) and (rs 12,068,997) gene variations compared to healthy controls (p < 0.05). In our study, the evaluation of serum Cu, Zn and Se trace element levels and plasma MDA levels according to GSTM1 gene variations genotype distributions were enabled to obtain important biomarkers in terms of CRC development and progression.

Association between bleeding volume with heme oxygenase-1 and malondialdehyde levels in patients of acute intracerebral hemorrhage

Background: Oxidative stress plays an important role in secondary brain damage after a stroke of intracerebral hemorrhage because it causes permanent damage to grey matter, white matter taken by brain blood barrier disorders, and brain edema with brain cells. This study aimed to determine the correlation between bleeding volume and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in stroke patients with acute intracerebral hemorrhage at Dr. Soetomo Hospital, Surabaya.

Intensity of free-radical reactions in metastasizing cervical cancer.

e17508 Background: Cervical cancer (CC) is one of the main causes of death among patients with gynecological tumors. As a rule, patients die from relapses and metastases which rates reach 30-45%. According to research data, treatment of patients with distant metastases is ineffective, and half of them die within 9.7 months, while the average survival is 15.9±0.26 months. The development of many pathological processes is considered to be associated with an increase in free-radical reactions leading to oxidative damage to various biomolecules. The purpose of the study was to analyze some characteristics of the free-radical oxidation and antioxidant defence in metastasizing CC. Methods: The study included 56 patients aged 29-73 years with stage IIB-IV CC after antitumor treatment. The main group – 27 patients who developed metastases within 4 months to 8 years after the CC diagnosis; controls – 29 patients with non-metastatic CC; donors – 19 healthy women aged 27-61 years. The accumulation of carbonyl derivatives in blood plasma proteins was detected in the reaction with 2, 4-dinitrophenylhydrazine. The induced oxidative modification of proteins was stimulated with Fenton's reagent. Free-radical processes was evaluated by the intensity of peroxide-induced luminol-dependent plasma chemiluminescence and the content of nitric oxide metabolites; the intensity of lipid peroxidation - by the content of malondialdehyde (MDA); the activity of catalase and ceruloplasmin was also studied. Results: CC progression was accompanied by increasing lipid peroxidation and spontaneous oxidation of blood plasma proteins. MDA levels in patients with metastases increased by 57.8% compared to donors and by 34.3% compared to patients without metastases (p &lt; 0.05). The concentration of 2, 4-dinitrophenylhydrozones increased on average by 4 times compared to donors and by almost 2 times compared to patients without metastases. Patients with metastasizing CC demonstrated elevated levels of products of the interaction of nitric oxide and its derivatives with proteins and peptides - 3-nitrotyrosine and nitrosoglutathione, compared to both donors (by 31.4% and 55.3%) and patients in remission (by 38.1% and 34.5%). Chemiluminescence activity increased by 54.5% compared to donors (p &lt; 0.05) and by 93% (p &lt; 0.01) compared to controls. Catalase activity in the blood plasma of patients with metastases increased by 54.1% compared to donors, but was lower than the values in the control group (by 22.1%). Ceruloplasmin activity was increased only in patients without metastases (by 33%). Conclusions: The process of CC metastasis is accompanied by a greater intensity of oxidative processes of both proteins and lipids, as well as depletion of the adaptive capabilities of the body's antioxidant system.

Evaluation of saliva glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, and malondialdehyde levels in head-neck radiotherapy patients

Background/aimIt is believed that radiotherapy has important effects on oxidant/antioxidant systems. Oxidative stress occurs when the balance between oxidant formation and antioxidant defense is disrupted in favor of oxidants. The aim of this study was to determine the biochemical changes in saliva pre- and postradiotherapy in head-neck radiotherapy patients and to find out the effects of radiation on glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in saliva. Materials and methodsThis study included 16 patients undergoing head-neck radiotherapy in Atatürk University Research Hospital. The levels of GSH, GSH-Px, and MDA were measured in saliva samples taken from the patients pre- and postradiotherapy. The same biochemical parameters were also measured in saliva samples from 30 healthy individuals who did not undergo head-neck radiotherapy. The data obtained were analyzed using the paired t-test and the Mann–Whitney U test. ResultsWhen the levels of GSH (P > 0.05), GSH-Px (P > 0.05), and MDA (P < 0.05) in saliva were compared pre- and postradiotherapy in the patient group, the only significant increase was detected in the MDA level postradiotherapy. When the pre- and postradiotherapy levels of saliva GSH (P < 0.01, P < 0.001, respectively), GSH-Px (P > 0.05, P < 0.05, respectively), and MDA (P < 0.01, P < 0.001, respectively) were compared with those of the control group, it was revealed that the GSH level was significantly lower and the MDA level was significantly higher in both pre- and postradiotherapy compared to the control group. Also, only the postradiotherapy saliva GSH-Px level was found to be significantly lower than the control group.ConclusionThese findings show that the changes in saliva GSH, GSH-Px, and MDA levels in patients with head-neck malignity intensified due to radiation.

Association between bleeding volume with heme oxygenase-1 and malondialdehyde levels in patients of acute intracerebral hemorrhage.

Background: Oxidative stress plays an important role in secondary brain damage after a stroke of intracerebral hemorrhage because it causes permanent damage to grey matter, white matter taken by brain blood barrier disorders, and brain edema with brain cells. This study aimed to determine the correlation between bleeding volume and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in stroke patients with acute intracerebral hemorrhage at Dr. Soetomo Hospital, Surabaya.

Increased the circulating levels of malondialdehyde in patients with obstructive sleep apnea: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a prevalent sleep disorder associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Several studies havedemonstrated elevated oxidative stress in patients withOSA. This oxidative stress is a direct inducer of lipid peroxidation. Malondialdehyde (MDA), a robust marker of lipid peroxidation, has been evaluated in patients withOSAbut results have been inconsistent. The present systematic review and meta-analysis was performed to quantify the circulating levels of MDA in patients withOSA compared to controls. Search was performed in data bases of PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Cochrane library, to find out those studies that measured MDA in patients with OSA compared to controls. The search produced 563 records and after removing duplicates, 383 records remained. Screening by title and abstract and the evaluation of the full text resulted in the selection of 14 articles, which were included in the meta-analysis. Pooled analysis demonstrated higher levels of MDA in the patients compared to the controls (SMD (95% CI): 1.18 (0.68, 1.68), p < 0.0001). The results of this meta-analysis demonstrated considerable elevation of MDA inpatients with OSA compared to controls. The meta-analysis also indicated a positive association of MDA levelswith the degree ofseverity of OSA. These results suggest a state ofincreased lipid peroxidation in patients withOSA.

Serum Malondialdehyde as a Biomarker of Oxidative Stress in Patients with Primary Ocular Carcinoma: Impact on Response to Chemotherapy.

PurposeTo study the level of serum malondialdehyde (MDA), a biomarker of oxidative stress before and after chemotherapy in various ocular malignancies and to correlate its significance with clinicopathological parameters.MethodsThirty two histopathologically confirmed cases of primary ocular malignancies were included in this longitudinal cohort study. Detailed clinicopathological assessment was done. Analysis of serum MDA level in the patient before and after chemotherapy was measured and its prognostic significance was analyzed.ResultsMaximum cases were of eyelid malignancy (n=18, 56.2%) followed by retinoblastoma (18.8%) and OSSN (6, 18.8%). About 43.75% patients were in the advanced-stage. The tumor was histopathologically well-differentiated in 20 (62.5%) cases. Most common malignancy was sebaceous gland carcinoma of the eyelid (n=10,31.25%). Serum MDA level in patients were significantly higher than controls [5.5712±0.32779 vs 2.5531±0.08056 nmol/mL, p<0.001]. Level was significantly reduced after chemotherapy (4.5146±0.23209 nmol/mL). Serum MDA was maximum in cases of rhabdomyosarcoma (5.9450±0.23335 nmol/mL) and retinoblastoma (5.7433±0.14334 nmol/mL). It was minimum in basal cell carcinoma (5.3775±0.17746 nmol/mL). Pre chemotherapy serum MDA level was significantly higher in patients having larger tumor (>20mm, p< 0.001) and having lymph node metastasis than those without lymph node metastasis [5.8350±0.17113 vs 5.4833± 0.32193 nmol/mL, p<0.006]. No significant difference was observed in post chemotherapy serum MDA level as for as size of tumor (p=0.947) and histopathological differentiation (p=0.109) was concerned.ConclusionThe serum MDA level is a potential biomarker in primary ocular carcinoma to assess oxidative stress and its impact on response to chemotherapy.

Variations in serum malondialdehyde levels in patients with leukemia

Leukemias are malignant neoplasms of hematopoietic stem cells characterized by diffuse infiltration of the blood and bone marrow by neoplastic cells. Leukemias are classified as acute and chronic according to clinical course and myeloid and lymphoid according to the cell predominantly involved in leukemic process. Free radicals are implicated in the pathogenesis of leukemia. Oxidative destruction of polyunsaturated fatty acid is called as lipid peroxidation. In this study, we determined serum malonyldialdehyde (MDA) level as a lipid peroxidation product in patients with leukemia. The mean serum MDA levels were significantly increased in leukemic patients (psignificant difference in serum MDA levels with respect to sex only in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia. Whereas in age groups, we found significant trend in serum MDA levels in patients with CML, AML and ALL patients. There was no significant difference in serum MDA level in patients with CLL with respect to age. Our finding of the high levels of serum malondialdehyde in leukemic patients as compared to healthy control may be due to increased oxidative stress in patients with leukemia. Keywords: Malondialdehyde, Leukemia, Oxidative stress

Relationship between bone turnover markers and oxidative stress in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Oxidative stress in children with type 1 DM (T1DM) may negatively affect the bone. This study included 40 children with T1DM as the patient group and 40 healthy childrenof matched age and sex as the control group. Plasma alkaline phosphatase, procollagen type-1 amino-terminal propeptide (P1NP), and urinary deoxypyridinoline (DPD) were measured to assess bone turnover. Glutathione, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured to assess oxidative stress. Patients with T1DM had a significantly lower P1NP level but a significantly higher urinary DPD level compared to the control group. Moreover, there were significantly lower glutathione and SOD levels with significantly higher MDA levels in patients with T1DM. We found a significant positive correlation between P1NP level and both glutathione and SOD levels but a significant negative correlation between P1NP and MDA in patients with T1DM. There was a significant negative correlation between DPD levels and both glutathione and SOD levels and a significant positive correlation between DPD and MDA. Moreover, glutathione was a significant predictor for both P1NP and DPD levels, while MDA was a significant predictor for P1NP levels. There is an association between oxidative stress and bone turnover markers in children with T1DM. Oxidative stress can negatively affect bone but the exact relationship between oxidative stress and bone turnover in T1DM has not been previously studied in pediatrics. For the best of our knowledge, our study was the first to assess the relationship between oxidative stress and bone turnover in children with T1DM. We revealed that increased oxidative stress in children and adolescents with T1DM may be involved in the impairment of bone turnover process, so treatment strategies toward better glycemic control and decreasing oxidative stress may be beneficial in preventing and treating diabetic bone disease in these children.

Serum malondialdehyde (MDA) level as a potential biomarker of cancer progression for patients with bladder cancer.

Bladder cancer is the most common malignancy involving the urinary system. Recent research tends to emphasize the role of oxidative stress products in the carcinogenesis of bladder cancer. The level of oxidative stress can be measured by assessing the MDA levels. This study aimed to evaluate serum MDA levels in patients with bladder cancer, as well as to determine its potential role as a biomarker in the diagnosis of the disease and progression risk considerations. The study was designed as a cross-sectional study and included 90 patients, divided into three groups with 30 patients each: Ta, T1and T2-T4 group, based on histopathological findings after transurethral resection of the tumor. The control group included 30 healthy volunteers. MDA level was determined using the spectrophotometric method. Serum MDA level in patients with bladder cancer [0.86 (0.78-1.05) μmol/L] was significantly higher than the serum MDA level in control group [0.70 (0.69-0.72) μmol/L] (p < 0.001). Serum MDA level in Ta group [0.73 (0.70-1.05) μmol/L], T1 group [0.85 (0.80-1.12) μmol/L] and in T2-T4 group [0.91 (0.84-1.04) μmol/L] was significantly higher than the serum MDA level in control group [0.70 (0.69-0.72) μmol/L] (p < 0.01). MDA level in T1 and T2-T4 group was significantly higher than the MDA level in Ta group (p < 0.01). No significant difference was observed in MDA level between T1 and T2-T4 group (p = NS). A statistically significant positive correlation was found between tumor size and serum MDA level in patients with bladder cancer (rho = 0.254 p < 0.01). The results of the present study suggest that MDA serum level might play a significant role as a biomarker in the diagnosis of bladder cancer, as well as in the monitoring of its progression.

Evaluation of Malondialdehyde in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients as Oxidative Stress Markers in Bengkulu Population

Hyperglycemia in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) can cause individuals to experience oxidative stress conditions, accompanied by a decrease in antioxidant activity in protecting cellular components against the attack of reactive oxygen species (ROS). ROS oxidized lipid components can produce Malondialdehyde (MDA). Evaluation of MDA can be used as a marker Oxidative stress which can indirectly describe the effects of ROS because ROS compounds are reactive. This study aims to determine the analysis of MDA in T2DM subjects at the Sentinel Public Health Center in Bengkulu City in 2017.research Analytic with a case control study design in 40 samples of T2DM subjects (cases) and 40 Non-DM samples (control) were carried out at the Sentinel DM Health Center in Bengkulu City. Data collection used questionnaires, measurements of Body Mass Index, examination of Fasting Blood Glucose and plasma MDA (spectrophotometry). The results of this study there were differences in characteristics (Gender, Age, BMI, Blood Pressure, Fasting Blood Glucose) in subjects with T2DM and Non-T2DM in the Bengkulu City Sentinel Health Center in 2017 (p &lt;0,000). There was a significant difference (p= 0,000) in higher MDA levels in patients with T2DM than non-DM subjects. The MDA frequency distribution in the case was MDNormal (24%) and MDA Normal (6%), whereas in the control was MDA Not Normal (26%) and MDA Normal (44%). There were significant differences in MDA frequency distribution between cases and controls (p= 0,000). The subjects of T2DM had a risk of 6.77 times an increase in MDA levels compared to Non-DMT2 (p= 0.000, OR 6.77 IK 95% 2.44-18.73). The correlation between levels of GDP and MDA was statistically significant (p &lt;0.001) with a positive correlation direction (0.340). The results of this study are expected to be used as a basis for the development of individual therapy in subjects with T2DM in order to prevent the occurrence of complications early on.

Efficacy of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy with chloro-aluminum phthalocyanine on periodontal clinical parameters and salivary GSH and MDA levels in patients with periodontitis.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) with chloro-aluminum phthalocyanine (AlClPc) on several periodontal parameters includingsalivary glutathione (GSH) and MDA (malondialdehyde) levels in periodontal sites presenting with periodontitis. Randomized clinical trial, comprising 40 test group (TG) sites and 23 control group (CG) sites. The TG was treated with scaling and root planning (SRP) and aPDT, and CG, only with SRP. Visible plaque index [VPI], gingival bleeding index [GBI], bleeding on probing [BOP], probing depth [PD] and clinical attachment level [CAL] were calculated and saliva samples were taken at baseline (T0), three (T3) and six months (T6). Data was analyzed by the Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney tests. An intragroup analysis indicated significant differences at T3 and T6 for GBI, CAL and GSH only in the CG (p < 0.05). For BOP, a significant decrease was observed only in the TG between T0 and T6 (p = 0.008). No significant differences were observed for VPI, BOP and MDA. In the intergroup analysis, significant differences were observed for GBI at T6 (p = 0.041), and for GSH at T3 (p = 0.031), being higher in the TG. Although aPDT with AlClPc did not present statistically proven benefits, but the employed periodontal treatment resulted in decreased BOP, PD, CAL and MDA after 3 and 6 months of treatment. In addition, the lower need for glutathione production may initially suggest an additional benefit of AlClPc aPDT in the early reestablishment of the balance between oxidative and non-oxidative agents related to oxidative stress.