In the structure of gross agricultural output, livestock production is more than 38%. One of the main tasks of Veterinary Medicine is the implementation of the state veterinary and sanitary control and supervision over the observance of sanitary legislation, animal health and welfare, security and individual indicators of quality of food, non-food products of animal origin, reproductive material, etc. One of the most important links in the maintenance of epizootic well-being, animal health and indirectly people is the timely diagnosis of infectious animal diseases in order to prevent economic losses and disease outbreaks among consumers of livestock products. The article presents data on the results of laboratory studies of biological material from different species, and data on the pathogens of bacterial diseases in the territory of the Kharkiv region. The attention is focused on substantially reducing the amount of biological material coming for diagnostic studies, which correlates with the negative dynamics of the number of productive animals. Most of the isolated biological material Escherichia coli (colibacillosis exciter and swine edema disease) – 61.7% of cases, Salmonella spp. (The causative agent of salmonellosis and pulloroza birds) – 23.3% of cases, Streptococcus pneumoniae (pathogen diplokokoza / streptococcosis) – 5.1% of the cases, Pseudomonas aeruginosa (the causative agent psedomonoza) – 3.4% of cases. Furthermore, by bacteriological method was diagnosed: swine erysipelas, infectious epididymitis sheep, pasteurellosis, leptospirosis, campylobacteriosis manufacturers bulls stafilokokkoz, аmerican foulbrood bees, bees еuropean foulbrood listeriosis, braxy, malignant edema, tuberculosis poultry, fish and аeromonas, anthrax.