Malignant Cholera Research Articles

Malignant Cholera: its cause, mode of propagation, and prevention

In the Medical Gazette of last Friday, an announcement was made by Mr. Brittan of the very important discovery, that peculiar microscopic objects exist constantly in the characteristic ‘‘rice-water’’ discharges of persons affected with Malignant Cholera, and in the atmosphere of infected places. At a time when cholera is destroying hundreds of our fellow-creatures daily, and filling the land with mourning, it is the duty of every one who believes himself to be in possession of any observations which throw the smallest light on the cause of, and the means of controlling, such an awful visitation, to give them, without delay, all the publicity possible. I therefore venture to submit to the medical profession, and the public, the following remarks. The peculiar objects in question were first seen by two or three members of a committee appointed by the Bristol Medico-Chirurgical Society for the microscopic observation of subjects connected with cholera. The first drawings of them, together with the great variety of other objects, generally to be met with in the ‘‘rice-water’’ discharges, were made by Mr. J. G. Swayne and Mr. F. Brittan, in the second week of July last. These drawings, together with specimens of ‘‘rice-water,’’ were exhibited at the next meeting of the committee. At that meeting there were present Mr. J. G. Swayne, Mr. F. Brittan, Dr. Bernard, Mr. Neeld, Mr. A. Prichard, and myself. Numerous other drawings of the same kind, by Mr. J. G. Swayne and Mr. Brittan, were laid, shortly afterwards, before the Bristol MedicoChirurgical Society. The laborious observations subsequently made by Mr. Brittan and Mr. Swayne, and laid, from time to time, without reservation, before the Bristol MedicoChirurgical Society — though not enforced by any arguments to that effect — certainly did much to show that some very important relation existed between these bodies and malignant cholera. The presumption thus raised was much strengthened by the important discovery, subsequently made by Mr. Brittan, and reserved for separate publication, of the constant presence of objects of the same kind in the air of infected places. Shortly afterwards, and being at the time aware of this discovery, I detected the same organisms in great numbers in almost every specimen of drinking-water which I was enabled to obtain from Cholera-districts. First, in the drinking-water from Wellington Court, Red-cross Street, where cholera first broke out (with any violence) in Bristol; subsequently, in the water of the Float, and in the drinking-water from King Street, in the same city; since then, again, in London, in water from Lovegrove Street, and from the Surrey Canal; and lastly, in drinking-water from the Stapleton workhouse;—being all places where, at the time the water was obtained, cholera was making dreadful havoc. This led me to examine a great number of specimens of water from healthy quarters; and although I often found in it a good deal of matter of various kinds, organic and other, in no single instance did I see anything resembling the peculiar bodies in question. These are certainly facts of great interest and importance, and it is impossible to witness them without being filled with an earnest desire to discover, if possible, their real import and significance. What is the nature of the relation which these bodies bear to Cholera; and may we not have detected in them the actual cause of the disease; are questions which at once suggest themselves to the mind. In endeavouring to obtain for myself an answer to these questions, I have been led by the facts already mentioned, and by others, which will appear in the sequel to the following deductions, which it must be left for future experience and research to confirm or otherwise:—

Vaba, Haiza, Kholera, Foklune or Cholera: in any language still the disease of seven pandemics.

1. SUMMARY Cholera is a disease which can strike in any community where sanitary conditions deteriorate or where it is possible for a few people to transport the organism from infected areas to new communities. The historical background of the seven major pandemics and the discovery of the causative organism are provided from 1800 to 1995. With the procedure of oral rehydration therapy few patients should succumb to the disease if clean water is available. The problem is that large-scale floods in many places often lead to a breakdown in clean water supplies and sewerage treatment so it will not pay to be complacent, cholera has not disappeared!.

Parenteral nutrition for the surgical patient. A review of indications and current practice.

Parenteral nutrition for the surgical patient. A review of indications and current practice.

Case of Malignant Cholera in which Thirty-two Grains of Chloral-Hydrate were Hypodermically Injected: Recovery

Case of Malignant Cholera in which Thirty-two Grains of Chloral-Hydrate were Hypodermically Injected: Recovery

Case of Malignant Cholera Treated by Nitrite of Amyl and Hydrate of Chloral

Case of Malignant Cholera Treated by Nitrite of Amyl and Hydrate of Chloral

Report of Twenty Cases of Malignant Cholera That Occurred in the Seamen's Hospital-Ship, Dreadnought, between the 8th and 28th of October, 1837

Report of Twenty Cases of Malignant Cholera That Occurred in the Seamen's Hospital-Ship, Dreadnought, between the 8th and 28th of October, 1837

Case of Malignant Cholera, in which Delivery at Term took place, during its Advanced or Collapsed Stage, and the patient recovered

Case of Malignant Cholera, in which Delivery at Term took place, during its Advanced or Collapsed Stage, and the patient recovered

XVI. A Report of the Method and Results of the Treatment for the Malignant Cholera, by small and frequently repeated doses of Calomel; with an Inquiry into the Nature and Origin of the Complaint, with a view to a more just appreciation of the Means for its Prevention and Cure. With numerous Illustrative Cases.

XVI. A Report of the Method and Results of the Treatment for the Malignant Cholera, by small and frequently repeated doses of Calomel; with an Inquiry into the Nature and Origin of the Complaint, with a view to a more just appreciation of the Means for its Prevention and Cure. With numerous Illustrative Cases.

XVI. A Report of the Method and Results of the Treatment for the Malignant Cholera, by small and frequently repeated doses of Calomel; with an Inquiry into the Nature and Origin of the Complaint, with a view to a more just appreciation of the Means for its Prevention and Cure. With numerous Illustrative Cases.

XVI. A Report of the Method and Results of the Treatment for the Malignant Cholera, by small and frequently repeated doses of Calomel; with an Inquiry into the Nature and Origin of the Complaint, with a view to a more just appreciation of the Means for its Prevention and Cure. With numerous Illustrative Cases.

Notes on malignant cholera, as it appeared in Dublin

Notes on malignant cholera, as it appeared in Dublin

MALIGNANT CHOLERA AT THE HOSPITAL IN GREVILLE STREET, HOLBORN.: (Communicated by the Central Board.)

MALIGNANT CHOLERA AT THE HOSPITAL IN GREVILLE STREET, HOLBORN.: (Communicated by the Central Board.)

Notes on malignant cholera, as it appeared in Dublin

Notes on malignant cholera, as it appeared in Dublin

LXVI. Official documents respecting the health of the workmen employed in cleansing the public sewers of Westminster, as affected or not by their employment, and also during the existence of malignant cholera in the metropolis; together with authenticated statements relative to the health of other workmen exposed to putrid effluvia

LXVI. Official documents respecting the health of the workmen employed in cleansing the public sewers of Westminster, as affected or not by their employment, and also during the existence of malignant cholera in the metropolis; together with authenticated statements relative to the health of other workmen exposed to putrid effluvia

TREATMENT OF THE MALIGNANT CHOLERA IN THE PARISH OF ST. LUKE, MIDDLESEX.

In this discussion of the treatment of malignant cholera in the Parish of St. Luke (Middlesex England) it is important to note at the outset that there has been a marked decrease in the number of fever cases and there have been only a few admissions within the last 6 months. For a fortnight there has not been a single case. In the 55 cases that were in this physicians immediate care and in the more than 100 cases that were visited with professional colleagues it can be said that with few exceptions the evacuations from the intestines were wholly destitute of the biliary secretion. No distinction will be made in the treatment method adopted in the rice-water evacuations from the state of collapse as almost every case visited was in the latter stage of the disease. From the non-appearance of any bilious tinge in the evacuations and from the result of the post-mortem examinations it can be stated that in this disease the passage of the bile must almost invariably be obstructed through the gall duct. It seems that much of the good effects that have been reported to have arisen from the use of mercurials is attributable to its action on the biliary apparatus. Opium has been found to be beneficial in allaying the spasmodic symptoms. As an emetic the mustard is preferred and it has been found advantageous externally in the form of cataplasm to the abdomen extremities and sometimes along the line of the vertebrae. No benefit has been found in abstracting blood. More reliance can be placed on Dr. Stevens saline treatment method than any other that has been recommended. It was given internally and been applied externally by means of flannel moistened in a hot saturated solution. It was successfully used in the rice-water evacuations and also in the stage of collapse. The cases of common diarrhea have been numerous during the last 6 months but they have been checked by simple remedies.

TREATMENT OF MALIGNANT CHOLERA (When Collapse has taken place) WITH THE NITRIC ACID BATH, &c.

TREATMENT OF MALIGNANT CHOLERA (When Collapse has taken place) WITH THE NITRIC ACID BATH, &c.

INTERNAL ADMINISTRATION OF COLD WATER, EXCLUSIVELY, IN THE THIRD, OR COLLAPSE STAGE, OF MALIGNANT CHOLERA.

INTERNAL ADMINISTRATION OF COLD WATER, EXCLUSIVELY, IN THE THIRD, OR COLLAPSE STAGE, OF MALIGNANT CHOLERA.

Dr. Morgan on Spotted Fever and Malignant Cholera

Dr. Morgan on Spotted Fever and Malignant Cholera

Dr. Morgan on Spotted Fever and Malignant Cholera

Dr. Morgan on Spotted Fever and Malignant Cholera

Remarks on the Pathology and Treatment of the Disease termed Malignant Cholera.

Remarks on the Pathology and Treatment of the Disease termed Malignant Cholera.

HISTORY AND TREATMENT OF THE MALIGNANT CHOLERA AS IT PREVAILED AT VIENNA,: From the 12th of August 1831, to the 15th of February 1832

HISTORY AND TREATMENT OF THE MALIGNANT CHOLERA AS IT PREVAILED AT VIENNA,: From the 12th of August 1831, to the 15th of February 1832