Malevolent Users Research Articles

Passive reputation method with hybrid optimized deep model for spectrum sensing in cognitive radio network based on blockchain

SummaryThe discovery of malevolent users in cognitive radio networks (CRNs) is done by using blockchain‐based technique. For diagnosing the availability of frequency resources, the spectrum sensing (SS) plays an essential role in CRN. It is critical to enable cognitive radio (CR) technology in wireless communication systems for the next generation. Due to the increasing demand of the users, some bands are overloaded and others become underutilized. The CR applied models for vigorously assigning unlicensed users. The missed detection problem occurs in the conventional spectrum sensing schemes, which hampers the proper utilization of the spectrum. These motivated the development of a newly devised passive reputation method with an optimized deep model for spectrum sensing in CRN‐based blockchain. The sensing spectrum in CRN is designed using the cooperative spectrum sensing algorithm. The spectrum sensing is done with the decision made using AlexNet where the weights of AlexNet are trained with a hybrid optimization algorithm, named Honey Badger Remora Optimization (HBRO) algorithm. Thus, the output attained from the Alexnet_HBRO algorithm is considered. Meanwhile, the data are recorded in the blockchain, and then, the passive reputation is performed, and the determined output is considered. At last, the spectrum sensing is carried out by fusing AlexNet and passive reputation output where weights are optimally generated using the proposed Snake Honey Badger Remora Optimization (SHBRO) algorithm. The proposed SHBRO offered a high detection probability of 1, false alarm probability of 0.003, sensing time of 551.567s, and computation time of 210.102s.

Mechanism for Cloud Computing Enviroment's Reliable Au-thenticated Token Handling

Cloud computing (CC) has matured in terms of dependability and effectiveness, which has led to the migration of many applications to the cloud. Three-factor Multilateral Authenticity and Knowledge Acceptance (MAKA) mechanisms for multi-server systems are gaining a lot of interest for their convenience and security. Although there are many extant three-factor MAKA protocols, none of them give a rigorous secure guarantee, making them vulnerable to numerous assaults on other procedures in the chain. And most three-factor MAKA mechanisms lack adaptive cancellation mechanisms, preventing malevolent users from being quickly removed. We present a three-factor MAKA protocol with a proven adaptive reversible evidence in the arbitrary source to overcome these issues. This method uses Schnorr identities to enable vibrant administration by the client. In multi-server setups, our procedure is capable of meeting a wide range of requirements. For intelligent systems with low processing power, the suggested method is a viable option. The entire computation code demonstrates the system's viability.

IMPROVING THE SECURITY BASED ROUTING PROTOCOL FOR WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have become one of the most popular wireless communication systems in the world. Various attacks have been launched against the WSN individual nodes over the past few years, and the overall security of the network has gradually deteriorated. In this research, we propose a secure uneven clustering method for WSN. The proposed method is based on a trust score evaluation model with the objective of identifying malevolent users in WSNs. The trust score is used to determine whether or not a node is malicious. The results show that the proposed Trust Algorithm outperforms the currently used LEACH algorithm, the TASRP algorithm and the FLSO algorithm in terms of the percentage of packets that are successfully delivered across all use cases and density of nodes.

Blockchain-Oriented Data Exchange Protocol With Traceability and Revocation for Smart Grid

<p>The smart energy system (SES) encourages data administration and information services developments, particularly smart grids. Presently, numerous SESs cloud environments are accessible to smart grids. Nonetheless, because of the semi-credible character of the SES cloud environments, achieving secured access, information storage, updates, deletion, tracing, and revocation of ill-disposed clients is a genuine concern. In this publication, an Ethereum blockchain-oriented secured access regulation design upholding traceability and revocability is offered for smart grids to resolve these problems. The blockchain implements unified identity verification and saves all public-keys, users’ attribute sets, and revocable lists. The system administrator creates system parameters and sends private-keys to users. The domain administrator prepares the domain’s security and privacy-preservation policies and executes encryption procedures. If the attributes correspond with the access policy and the user’s ID is unrevoked, they could acquire interim-decryption capabilities from the edge/cloud servers. Tracking malevolent users for revocation is applicable throughout all stages, ensuring the system is secured under Decisional-Bilinear-Diffie-Hellman (DBDH) complex theory and can withstand multi-attacks. Analysis revealed the size of the public/private keys to be shorter, contrary to relevant schemes. The overhead duration is less for generating the public-key, data encryption, and decryption phases. </p> <p> </p>

Containerized cloud-based honeypot deception for tracking attackers

Discovering malicious packets amid a cloud of normal activity, whether you use an IDS or gather and analyze machine and device log files on company infrastructure, may be challenging and time consuming. The vulnerability landscape is rapidly evolving, and it will only become worse as more and more developing technologies, such as IoT, Industrial Automation, CPS, Digital Twins, etc are digitally connected. A honey trap aids in identifying malicious packets easily as, after a few rapid calibrations to eliminate false positives. Besides analyzing and reporting particular invasion patterns or toolkits exploited, it also assists in preventing access to actual devices by simulating the genuine systems and applications functioning in the network thus delaying as well as baffling the invader. In order to analyze and evaluate the hackers’ behavior, an ensemble of research honeypot detectors has been deployed in our work. This paper delivers a robust outline of the deployment of containerized honeypot deployment, as a direct consequence, these are portable, durable, and simple to deploy and administer. The instrumented approach was monitored and generated countless data points on which significant judgments about the malevolent users’ activities and purpose could be inferred.

Cloud Multimedia Data Security by Optimization-Assisted Cryptographic Technique

Currently, the size of multimedia data is rising gradually from gigabytes to petabytes, due to the progression of a larger quantity of realistic data. The majority of big data is conveyed via the internet and they were accumulated on cloud servers. Since cloud computing offers internet-oriented services, there were a lot of attackers and malevolent users. They always attempt to deploy the private data of users without any right access. At certain times, they substitute the real data by any counterfeit data. As a result, data protection has turned out to be a noteworthy concern in recent times. This paper aims to establish an optimization-based privacy preservation model for preserving multimedia data by selecting the optimal secret key. Here, the encryption and decryption process is carried out by Improved Blowfish cryptographic technique, where the sensitive data in cloud server is preserved using the optimal key. Optimal key generation is the significant procedure to ensure the objectives of integrity and confidentiality. Likewise, data restoration is the inverse process of sanitization (decryption). In both the cases, key generation remains a major aspect, which is optimally chosen by a novel hybrid algorithm termed as “Clan based Crow Search with Adaptive Awareness probability (CCS-AAP). Finally, an analysis is carried out to validate the improvement of the proposed method.

Heterogeneous Feature Analysis on Twitter Data Set for Identification of Spam Messages

Spam is an undesirable content that present on online social networking sites, while spammers are the users who post this content on social networking sites. Unwanted messages posted on Twitter may have several goals and the spam tweets can interfere with statistics presented by Twitter mining tools and squander users’ attention.. Since Twitter has achieved a lot of attractiveness through-out the world, the interest towards it by the spammers and malevolent users is also increases. To overcome the spam problems many researchers proposed ideas using machine learning algorithms for the identification of spam messages. Not only the selection of classifiers but also the variegated feature analysis is essential for the identification of irrelevant messages in social networks. The proposed model performs a heterogeneous feature analysis on the twitter data streams for classifying the unsolicited messages using binary and continuous feature extraction with sentiment analysis on social network datasets. The features created are assessed using significant stratagems and the finest features are selected. A classifier model is built using these feature vectors to predict and identify the spam messages in Twitter. The experimental results clearly show that the proposed Sentiment Analysis based Binary and Continuous Feature Extraction model with Random Forest (SA-BC-RF) approach classifies the spam messages from the social networks with an accuracy of 90.72% when compared with the other state-of-the-art methods.

Fake news detection on social networks using Machine learning techniques

The constant circulation of fake news directly or indirectly produces a huge negative impact on vast majority of the society. Users throughout the world are actively visiting well-known social networking sites such as Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, LinkedIn, and others. The majority of online social networks authentication systems are insufficient and rely on only general information such as the user's name, photo, and location. Because of the system's flaws, malevolent users can simply abuse users' information, cloning their identities and disseminating false information. The major thought employed before implementing this project was to extend the scope of application of machine learning techniques and detection of fake news model on the English language is proposed by the use of machine learning techniques. It is investigated and compared with three different evaluation models namely Count Vectorizer, TF-IDF Vectorizer and N-gram and four machine learning techniques were used namely Naive Bayes, SVM, Random Forest, Logistic Regression. The proposed strategy achieves the maximum accuracy % when using TF-IDF highlights and an SVM classifier. The highest level of precision is 93%.

Cryptography: Data Encryption, Decryption and Compression, Database Privacy and Security, Zero Knowledge of Proof

Abstract: Evolution and modernization have brought about progress in technology and this has led to the reduction in privacy & internet security due to an increase in cybercrime and threats. As a result of this turn of events, Cryptography is now being used as a means of keeping information of any kind safe from third party individual(s). Research has shown that with the Encryption of information, third party individual(s) have no chance or less chance of getting past this security measure. Hence, Cryptographers keep improving algorithms to make it impossible for a third party to decrypt this information without the key which is where database Privacy and Security come in. The database contains all the information which is a major asset, there are encryptions which can be used at different levels to provide security. Lastly, for encryption algorithms which are breached by unknown third-party individual(s), the zero knowledge of proof helps to figure out the identity of this individual. They are an extremely interesting and useful construct. They are fascinating because of their definition, which is mutually opposed, their applicability is very vast in cryptography; they are used to restrict the malevolent users to work according to the protocol. Zero-knowledge serve as a good medium to understand the problems regarding cryptographic protocols. Keywords: Cipher, Encryption, Decryption, Key, Security, Database, Zero-Knowledge

A security-attribute-based access control along with user revocation for shared data in multi-owner cloud system

ABSTRACT Cloud storage is a cloud implementation that facilitates agencies to set up in-house information storage installations. Cloud storage actually creates security problems. When the information is communicated by groups; both cloud-specific and standard insider threats are visible. A key research problem is the secure sharing among group members, which confronts the internal threats of legitimate and malevolent users. In this paper, in this paper, an effective structured data sharing mechanism for user revocation in the multi-owner cloud system is proposed. The proposed method is based on the following five entities: data owner, cloud storage, central authority, and cryptographic server, and data users. The data owner will submit to cryptographic servers’ data, user list and parameters capable of generating an Access Control List (ACL). A trusted third party is a cryptographic server that provides the symmetric key that triggers the encrypted data. The cryptographic server then divides the key into three sections for each user within the group. Quantitative findings indicate the sustainability of the mechanism proposed in contrast with conventional schemes.

Secured and flexible user authentication protocol for wireless sensor network

PurposeIn wireless sensor network (WSN), user authentication plays as a vital role in which data sensing, as well as sharing, will be spoiled by hackers. To enhance user security, user authentication must be focused.Design/methodology/approachIn previous works, for secured authentication, Enhanced User Authentication Protocol (EUAP) is presented. On the other hand, the user free password generation is permitted in the previous technique.FindingsHere, password leakage may cause a malevolent user's contribution to the WSN environment. By presenting the Flexible and Secured User Authentication Protocol (FSUAP), this is solved in the presented technique in which secured as well as reliable sharing of data contents via unsecured wireless sensor devices was accomplished.Originality/valueThe foremost objective of the present technique is to device the protocol that would verify the users beforehand letting them access the sensor devices situated in various sites. The use of a sensor device could be reduced in a significant way. Three-factor authentication protocols are presented in place of two-factor authentication protocol in the presented technique that could deal with and safeguard the environment from a brute force attack in an effective manner.

From facilitating interactivity to managing hyperconnectivity: 50 years of human–computer studies

Abstract Five decades ago advances in integrated circuits and time-sharing operating systems made interactive use of computers economically feasible. Visions of man-computer symbiosis and the augmentation of man’s intellect became realistic research objectives. The initial focus was on facilitating interactivity through improved interface technology, and supporting its application through good practices based on experience and psychological principles. Within a decade technology advances made low cost personal computers commonly available in the home, office and industry, and these were rapidly enhanced with software that made them attractive in a wide range of applications from games to office automation and industrial process control. Within three decades the Internet enabled human–computer interaction to extend across local, national and international networks, and, within four, smartphones and tablets had made access to computers and networks almost ubiquitous to any person, at any time and any place. Banking, commerce, institutional and company operations, utility and government infrastructures, took advantage of, and became dependent on, interactive computer and networking capabilities to such an extent that they have now been assimilated in our society and are taken for granted. This hyperconnectivity has been a major economic driver in the current millennium, but it has also raised new problems as malevolent users anywhere in the world have become able to access and interfere with critical personal, commercial and national resources. A major issue for human–computer studies now is to maintain and enhance functionality, usability and likeability for legitimate users whilst protecting them from malevolent users. Understanding the issues involved requires a far broader consideration of socio-economic issues than was required five decades ago. This article reviews various models of the role of technology in human civilization that can provide insights into our current problematique.

English

English

Evaluation of Most Visited E-Commerce Web Sites in Turkey in Aspects of Structure and Security

Applications on World Wide Web have made our daily lives easier with their basic and fast access, neglecting time and place, they have become indispensable. It made Web applications a popular target for malevolent users and increased web security risk. In this study web penetration test which is indispensable for web security and threating risks for web security are mentioned. In Turkey, 12 of the most visited e-commerce sites were scanned as an ordinary user to consider a safety assessment of the general situation of the websites. The knowledge about these sites such as used technologies and infrastructure which considers as vulnerability of sites and can be obtained by the ordinal person who uses penetration tests has been investigated in this study

Secured and memory overhead controlled data authentication mechanism in cloud computing

Cloud based intelligent health monitoring system (CIHMS) is smart equipment which facilitates the patients to repossess the health care information without going to the hospital. By recording the health care information of the patients in the cloud environment, this could be attained. Nevertheless, while coming to the part of security of healthcare information is a difficult issue. Cloud computing gives a means of storing and distributing the huge amount of data’s from the several users. Storing and distributing data contents via third party server will bring about more security problems. The care should be taken on those contents that are dealing via the cloud storage and the illegal access made by malevolent users must be observed and retracted. In the previous research, Bi-directional storage verification in cloud storage (BD-SVCS) is presented for the cloud environment that will validate each user beforehand giving them authentication. Nevertheless, this technique still found to be short of the safe and competent authentication. Here encryption information could be hacked simply. These issues are eliminated in the proposed methodology called scalable and enhanced key-aggregate cryptosystem (SE-KAC), in which the safe and consistent dealing of data contents is guaranteed. It gives competent security for healthcare information. This technique deals with the issue of outflow of sensitive information and implements a safe CIHMS for giving the security of the related parties and their data. By utilizing this technique, the patient and healthcare institutions could record the health and medical prescription data in encrypted format. For encryption, the double encryption technique with cipher text id known as classes for enhancing the security. The key owner contains a master secret key which is utilized to extract the secret keys for various classes. The extracted key is accumulated and forwards as a single aggregate key to the patient for the purpose of decryption. In addition, unique data shared by numerous users are found out that would be given via the similar set of resources with the intention of evading the annoying resource wastage. This is accomplished by taking the similar data contents needed by the users in the identical virtual machine. An experimental result proves that proposed research methodology SE-KAC attains higher security and less complexity.

Oblivious Neural Network Computing via Homomorphic Encryption

The problem of secure data processing by means of a neural network (NN) is addressed. Secure processing refers to the possibility that the NN owner does not get any knowledge about the processed data since they are provided to him in encrypted format. At the same time, the NN itself is protected, given that its owner may not be willing to disclose the knowledge embedded within it. The considered level of protection ensures that the data provided to the network and the network weights and activation functions are kept secret. Particular attention is given to prevent any disclosure of information that could bring a malevolent user to get access to the NN secrets by properly inputting fake data to any point of the proposed protocol. With respect to previous works in this field, the interaction between the user and the NN owner is kept to a minimum with no resort to multiparty computation protocols.

Effects of rotational stress on the effectiveness of razoxane and cyclophosphamide in mice bearing lewis lung carcinoma

Five decades ago advances in integrated circuits and time-sharing operating systems made interactive use of computers economically feasible. Visions of man-computer symbiosis and the augmentation of man’s intellect became realistic research objectives. The initial focus was on facilitating interactivity through improved interface technology, and supporting its application through good practices based on experience and psychological principles. Within a decade technology advances made low cost personal computers commonly available in the home, office and industry, and these were rapidly enhanced with software that made them attractive in a wide range of applications from games to office automation and industrial process control. Within three decades the Internet enabled human–computer interaction to extend across local, national and international networks, and, within four, smartphones and tablets had made access to computers and networks almost ubiquitous to any person, at any time and any place. Banking, commerce, institutional and company operations, utility and government infrastructures, took advantage of, and became dependent on, interactive computer and networking capabilities to such an extent that they have now been assimilated in our society and are taken for granted. This hyperconnectivity has been a major economic driver in the current millennium, but it has also raised new problems as malevolent users anywhere in the world have become able to access and interfere with critical personal, commercial and national resources. A major issue for human–computer studies now is to maintain and enhance functionality, usability and likeability for legitimate users whilst protecting them from malevolent users. Understanding the issues involved requires a far broader consideration of socio-economic issues than was required five decades ago. This article reviews various models of the role of technology in human civilization that can provide insights into our current problématique.