Male Seniors Research Articles

Exploring the group heterogeneity in the impact of social cohesion on the walking frequency of older adults in China.

Walkable neighborhoods are closely related to an increase in walking frequency and the strengthening of social cohesion. These factors, in turn, contribute to lower BMI and other positive health-related outcomes. However, with a rapid increase in aging populations in China and the fact that women are facing more challenges than men as they age, especially mobility challenges because they tend to live longer leading to probabilities to become widowed. Nevertheless, less attention has been paid to understanding the gender difference between these relationships. Based on a survey of 533 older adults in Dalian, China, this study tried to investigate the intertwined relationship between perceived walkability, social cohesion, walking frequency, and BMI. A Structural Equation Model (SEM) and multiple-group analysis were applied to test the proposed framework. First, results show that gender differences existed among the above interrelationships, and the most substantial gender gap was found in effects of social cohesion on BMI. Second, perceived walkability only has a direct effect (0.149) on walking frequencies for female seniors. Third, although the relationships between perceived walkability and BMI are not directly related in both male and female models, the indirect connection (-0.053) is substituted for female seniors. Besides, the inhibiting effect of walking on BMI, which is -0.511, is also valid for female seniors. Finally, in terms of the role of social cohesion, both the positive impacts of perceived walkability on it (0.225 for males and 0.325 for females) and its promoting effects on walking have been confirmed in male (0.142) and female models (0.103). The negative direct effect of social cohesion on BMI (-0.083) is only confirmed in male seniors. Insights derived from this analysis can help bring forward gender-specific interventions to build a more inclusive walkable and social environment to improve the mobility and physical health of older adults.

Stepping Towards Better Health: The Effects of Walking Football for 12 Weeks on Cardiovascular Health in Hypertensive Male Senior Citizens

Background. Cardiovascular concerns in hypertensive elderly men, evaluating the effectiveness of a walking football program for targeted health improvement in this population.
 Study purpose. This study aims to clarify and characterize changes in cardiovascular health due to a 12-week walking football training program in male seniors (60-70 years) with hypertension.
 Materials and methods. This study engaged 60 male participants aged 60 to 70 years from diverse regions of Kashmir, India with hypertension. Purposive sampling was used to select individuals who hadn't participated in physical activities for six months. In addition, participants were split into two groups: experimental and control. The study's design and objectives were explained to participants one week before testing. Baseline data was collected a week prior to the 12-week program. The experimental group attended thrice-weekly, 1-hour walking football sessions with 10-minute warm-up, a 45-minute game, and 5 minute cool-down. Assessments were conducted at the end of the 4th, 8th, and 12th weeks. To analyze the data, a 2 (group: experimental, and control) X 4 (time: baseline, 4th week, 8th week, and 12th week) mixed ANOVA was conducted.
 Results. During the study, the control group displayed a slight decrease in systolic blood pressure (SBP) by week 8, which returned to baseline levels by week 12. Conversely, the experimental group demonstrated a consistent decline in systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP), as well as resting heart rate (RHR), with a significant decrease observed by week 12. Additionally, basal metabolic rate (BMR) steadily increased in the experimental group over the 12 weeks. On the other hand, the control group exhibited no significant changes in DBP, RHR, or BMR throughout the duration of the training program.
 Conclusions. Walking football proves beneficial for hypertension, highlighting its public health potential. Research advocates its integration into interventions for community well-being.

Estimated median density identifies donor age and sex differences in red blood cell biological age.

Donors possess heterogeneous red cell concentrates (RCCs) in terms of the biological age of their red blood cells (RBCs) as a direct result of various donor-dependent factors influencing rates of erythropoiesis. This study aimed to estimate the median biological age of RBCs in RCCs based on donor age and sex to investigate inherent differences in blood products' biological ages over hypothermic storage using estimated median densities (EMDs). Sixty RCCs were collected from four donor groups; male and female teenagers (17-19 years old) and seniors (75+ years old). A Percoll density-based separation approach was used to quantify the EMDs indicative of biological age. EMD and mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCHC) were compared by correlation analyses. Differences in the median biological age of RCC units were observed with male donors having significantly higher EMDs compared to females (p < .001). Teen male donors possessed the highest EMDs with significantly elevated levels of biologically aged RBCs compared to both female donor groups, regardless of storage duration (p < .05). Throughout most of the 42-day storage period, senior donors, particularly senior females, demonstrated the strongest correlation between EMD and MCHC (R2 > 0.5). This study provides further evidence that there are inherent differences between the biological age profiles of RBCs between blood donors of different sex and age. Our findings further highlight that biological age may contribute to RBC quality during storage and that donor characteristics need to be considered when evaluating transfusion safety and efficacy.

Impact of lifestyle habits on the health self-assessment of rural older men of different ages: evidence from the Chinese longitudinal healthy longevity survey

This study examined the influence of lifestyle habits on health self-assessments among elderly rural men and the effect of age on the strength of the impact to provide a basis for targeted health improvement in this population. Data from the 2018 Chinese longitudinal healthy longevity survey were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance, regression analysis, and Shapley value decomposition tests. The model analysis results showed that elderly rural men who did not drink alcohol or were moderate drinkers, maintained regular sleep patterns, exercised regularly, and had active social interactions had better health self-assessment results (p &lt; 0.01). Notably, the impact of lifestyle habits on health perceptions varied with age. Specifically, the influence of alcohol consumption and sleep duration decreased with age, while the benefits of physical activity and social engagement became more pronounced. These results suggest that lifestyle habits significantly impact the health self-assessments of elderly rural men, with notable variations observed in the strength of these effects across different ages. To improve the overall health of elderly rural men, alcohol cessation interventions should be implemented as early as possible, attention should be paid to the sleep habits of young male seniors, and low-intensity group exercise and social activities should be actively organized for older male seniors.

Plant-Based Diet Indices and Their Association with Frailty in Older Adults: A CLHLS-Based Cohort Study.

Within the realm of aging, the nexus between diet and health has garnered considerable attention. However, only select studies have amalgamated insights into the correlation between plant and animal food consumption and frailty. Our aim was to appraise the connections between the overall plant-based diet index (PDI), healthful plant-based diet index (hPDI), and unhealthful plant-based diet index (uPDI) and frailty in the elderly, utilizing data from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS). This cohort study drew upon CLHLS data spanning from 2008 to 2018. The PDI, hPDI, and uPDI were gauged using a simplified food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). A frailty index, encompassing 35 variables across major health domains, was formulated. Cox proportional hazard models were employed to scrutinize the associations between the three plant-based dietary indices and frailty in older adults, including an exploration of gender disparities in these associations. A cohort of 2883 study participants was encompassed, with 1987 (68.9%) observed to be either frail or in the pre-frail stage. The Cox model with penalized spline exhibited linear associations of PDI, hPDI, and uPDI with the frailty index. Following covariate adjustments, it was discerned that older adults situated in the highest quartiles of PDI (HR = 0.86, 95% CI: 0.77-0.95) and hPDI (HR = 0.83, 95% CI: 0.74-0.93) experienced a 14% and 17% diminished risk of frailty compared to those in the lowest quartiles of PDI and hPDI, respectively. Conversely, when contrasted with those in the lowest quartile of uPDI, older adults adhering to the highest tertile of uPDI exhibited a 21% elevated risk of frailty (HR = 1.21, 95% CI: 1.08-1.36), with both associations achieving statistical significance (p < 0.01). Moreover, additional subgroup analyses revealed that the protective effects of PDI and hPDI against frailty and the deleterious effects of uPDI were more conspicuous in men compared to women. To forestall or decelerate the progression of frailty in the elderly, tailored dietary interventions are imperative, particularly targeting male seniors.

Influence of Culture and Socio-Financial Elements on the Career Choice of Students in Bwari Area Council in Abuja, Nigeria

One of the most important decisions a person makes is their career choice, which will shape their future. The investigation examined cultural factors' impact on Bwari Area Council students' career choices in Abuja, Nigeria. Two hypotheses guided the research. All Bwari Area Council senior secondary school students are studied. The study includes all SSII male and female seniors. The study selected 315 SSII students using simple random sampling. The study included 63 students from each of the five schools. The self-structured questionnaire Influence of Sociocultural Factors on the Career Choice of Students (ISCFCCCS) with sub-instruments (Cultural and Socioeconomic Influences on Career Choice) and Career Choice Questionnaire (CCQ) with reliability coefficients of 0.88, 0.86, and 0.75 were used to collect data. Data was analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The study found that culture and parents' socioeconomic status strongly influence students' career choices. The study recommends that school leaders teach students about social factors that may influence their career choice. Parents should also stop pushing their kids into careers they don't fit into. Guardians should be cautious about pushing their children toward unrealistic careers. Parents should also work with school advising or professional guides to help their children choose smart careers. Keywords: Sociocultural, Financial status, Career choice Culture, Understudies, Influence

디지털 격차와 사회적 약자

This study analyzes public service advertisements, public campaign videos, and digital care industry advertisement videos to identify the dominant perspective on the digital divide problem of the elderly and to explore the position and meaning of the elderly in digital technology discourse. According to the analysis, public advertisements/campaign texts for bridging the digital divide assume the elderly as the digital weak and the young as the digital strong, and there is a tendency to solve the problem of the digital weak through the practice of the digital strong. This aspect of representation requires reconsideration because it can lead to reinforcing and reproducing negative stereotypes such as dependence and passivity of the elderly. On the other hand, the elderly in advertisements for the digital care industry appear as images of digital users rather than digital weaklings, as users of AI care services. As a result of reproducing the daily life of the elderly with an artificial intelligence care robot, a difference was revealed in the use of digital technology by female seniors and male seniors. It was understood that the dual inequality factors of gender and age were reflected. In the advertisements analyzed, the elderly actively interacting with AI caring robots tended to highlight the digital inclusion of ICT companies that are considerate of the minority and the vulnerable, and digital technology appeared as a friend of the elderly in all texts.

Correlation between Quality of Life, Depression, and Cognitive Function of the Elderly Living in Gyeongsangnam-do

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to find out the correlation between the quality of life, depression, and cognitive function of the elderly, and to identify the causal relationship on each variable to provide basic data for elderly activities and related research and scientific basic data necessary to improve elderly welfare. Methods: A total of 821 samples were used for data analysis by selecting male and female seniors aged 65 or older as the population who participated in the Gyeongnam Niyagara customized service project program in 2022. Pearson correlation analysis was conducted to find out the correlation, and regression analysis was conducted to verify the relevance. Results: First, as a result of analyzing the correlation of all variables, there was a significant negative correlation between quality of life and cognitive function (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = -0.104), there was also a significant negative correlation between quality of life and depression (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = -0.288). There was a significant static correlation between age and cognitive function (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.070), and a significant static correlation between cognitive function and depression (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.180). Second, as a result of conducting a regression analysis to confirm the causal relationship on each variable, the quality of life (F = 35.12, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.000), cognitive function (F = 15.13, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.000), depression (F = 47.00, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.000) showed statistical significance, and age (F = 1.43, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.233) showed no statistical significance. Conclusions: Based on the results of this study, it is expected that various policies and follow-up studies will be conducted to improve the quality of life, relieve depression, and cognitive function health of the elderly.

Cognitive effects of carotid revascularization in octogenarians

BackgroundCognitive impairment is the epitome of cerebrovascular diseases, causing a significant economic burden on our health care system. Growing evidence has indicated the benefits of carotid interventions in patients with severe carotid atherosclerosis. However, the neurocognitive outcome of carotid revascularization in octogenarians is not clearly understood. We aim to evaluate postintervention cognitive changes in seniors older than 80 years. MethodsWe prospectively recruited 170 patients undergoing carotid interventions. Neurocognitive testing was performed preoperatively and at 1, 6, and 12 months postoperatively. Episodic memory was assessed with Rey’s Auditory Verbal Learning Test. Other executive functions and language measures were also evaluated at individual time points. Raw test scores were converted to z-scores or scaled scores adjusted for age and education. The sample was divided into 2 groups based on age: octogenarian (≥80 years) and nonoctogenarian (<80 years old). Postoperative cognitive scores were compared to baseline within each subcohort. ResultsA total of 23 subjects (13%) were octogenarians, and 147 (87%) were younger than 80 years. Younger patients demonstrated significant cognitive improvements up to 12 months postop compared to the baseline. However, octogenarians exhibited a lack of improvement in verbal memory, measures of executive function, and language at all 3 postintervention time points. ConclusionCarotid interventions improve cognitive functions in younger patients with carotid occlusive atherosclerosis. However, no cognitive benefits were seen in male seniors older than 80 years. Further investigations are warranted to better understand the postinterventional cognitive changes in octogenarians.

Lonely, isolated, self-excluded? What is the reason for the absence of male seniors in cultural institutions?

The aim of this article is to present the determinants of the limited presence of senior men in cultural institutions in Poland. The text characterises the context in which older men undertake institutional cultural activity and identifies the main reasons why the scale of their cultural participation is low. The fundamental factors that differentiate the nature of cultural participation are gender, the resulting behavioural patterns and individual adaptation strategies. These themes are analysed in the context of the barriers and problems experienced by male seniors, and the risks of social exclusion within this group are highlighted.

16주간 댄스스포츠와 근력운동이 남성노인의 기능체력과 낙상효능감에 미치는 영향

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of dance sports and muscle strength exercise in the elderly men on functional fitness, and fall efficacy scale test. The subjects of the study were 27 male seniors aged 65 or older living in G-si, Gyeongsangnam-do, and were classified into three groups: Dance Sports Group (n=10), Muscle Exercise Group (n=7), and Control Group (n=10). The experimental group was conducted three times a week for 16 weeks. As a result, in terms of functional body change in the elderly, the dance sports group showed more positive effects than the muscle exercise group and the control group in the 30-second chair stand test, 30-second push-up test, chair sitting and reaching test, backscratch test, and 2.44m up and high test. However, the exercise intervention effect did not appear in the two-minute step-by-step test. In the fall efficacy scale change test, the dance sports group showed better results than the control group. Therefore, in the case of the elderly, through regular physical activity and exercise, the overall physical health of the elderly can be maintained, such as maintaining muscle mass, reducing the prevalence of disease, and maintaining and enhancing functional fitness and fall efficacy. It is thought that the results of this study can be used as useful data for the elderly to form a successful aging process in the future as they maintain their health.

Approaching literary connectivity: Early reflections on a Shared Reading intervention in the light of postcritical thought

AbstractDuring recent decades, numerous studies have examined uses of art and literature in the context of health care and preventive interventions. In a recent, large‐scale review of current evidence within the field, the World Health Organization (WHO) concluded that art and culture are vital resources for health promotion, and should be included in health care programs and initiatives to a greater extent than is the case today (Fancourt &amp; Finn, 2019). This article zooms in on “Shared Reading,” a literature‐based intervention developed by the Reader Organization. More specifically, we look at a Danish Shared Reading project for male seniors—“Read, Man!”—that aims to reduce loneliness and isolation among men in the age group of 65–75 in view of the fact that men of this age range have increased risk of developing depressive symptoms in connection with retirement (Noh, Kwon, Lee, Oh, &amp; Kim, 2019). A systematic analysis of the project's data has yet to be undertaken. During this early stage, however, we describe the project and tentatively approach its data and potential health benefits while drawing on the affordances of postcritical thinking and an analysis centered on what we call literary connectivity.

Faktorska struktura interesovanja adolescenata prema sportovima

The aim of this empirical study was to examine the latent structures of adolescents' interest in sports. The pertinent sample included (N = 144) male high school seniors from Valjevo, of average age 18.05 ± 1.82. The adapted version of the PS2 Questionnaire about Interests in Sports (Prot and Bosnar, 1999) was applied in this transversal research. The maximum mean value of the scores on the PS-2 questionnaire was noted in the preference for auto and motorcycle racing (M = 3.72), and the minimum one in gymnastics (M =1.10). Five main components were extracted by analyzing the main components (PCA) based on the Guttman-Kaiser criterion, with 6.91% of the total variance explained. The extracted five-factor structure of the latent dimensions was interpreted as: outdoor sports, combat sports and martial arts, fundamental and artistic sports, ball and racket sports, and precision sports. The linear correlations of the isolated common factors are statistically significant (p ≤ 0,05), move in positive direction and are of low or moderate intensity, and that shows that the isolated latent variables are not independent, but that there is a relevant overlap between them. The preference of sports interests in the five-factor structure of adolescents is oriented towards "male" and partly towards "neutral" sports which points to the relevance of gender stereotypes in sports. This study also deals with the practical implications of the relevance of the isolated five-factor structure of sports interest in adolescents. This transversal research contributes to the existing literature and empirical data on this rarely examined phenomenon in Serbian sports population.

4년제 대학교 여성교원의 경력 개발 단계에 따른 성희롱 피해 경험 탐색

Sexual harassment of women faculties in the Korean higher education has been scarcely researched. However, their experiences of sexual harassment are important in that they become an important criterion for judging the spread of a culture of gender equality in universities. The Sexual Experience Questionnaire (SEQ)(Fitzgerald et al. 1995) was conducted on 506 female faculty from 56 four-year universities. About 35% of the respondents experienced sexual harassment at least once in three stages of their career development. Among the eight perpetrator categories, male supervisors, male student seniors and juniors, and male fellow faculties were found to be the most frequent perpetrator groups. Binary logistic regression analysis showed that the majors and positions of female faculties had a significant influence on their experiences of sexual harassment. Lastly, the experience of sexual harassment after appointment until now had a statistically significant negative effect on job satisfaction of female faculties.

가족구성원의 생애변화와 노년기 생산적 활동 참여

The importance of productive activities and roles in society of older adults has been recognized in the contemporary aging societies. Although existing studies have revealed that individual human capital is an important factor in the productive participation of the elderly, the influence of the family has not been systematically considered. Using data from the 2th to 6th wave of Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing(KLoSA), this study examined the effect of the individual and family characteristics on economic activities among older adults. The results are as follows. First, as a result of analyzing all the elderly, only individual human capital characteristics had a significant effect on participation in economic activities. Second, as a result of analyzing male and female older adults separately, it was confirmed that individual characteristics and family characteristics had a significant effect on participation in economic activities. In particular, children's participation in the labor market related to the life changes of family members was an important factor influencing the economic activities of the elderly. Third, when transitioning from a state with some or all children not participating in the labor market to a state with all children participating in the labor market, it was found that male seniors are less likely to participate in economic activities while female seniors are more likely to participate in economic activities. Based on these research results, academic and policy implications were discussed.

Capturing gender-age thresholds disparities in built environment factors affecting injurious traffic crashes

Rapid changes in the urban transportation environment amplify the impact of built environment factors on traffic collisions. Understanding the risk of potential harmful crashes for different populations as a result of changes in built environment thresholds is important for policy development and resource allocation. However, research on generic processes to effectively determine built environment threshold risks is lacking. Basing on extreme gradient boosting and SHapley Additive exPlanations, we establish a generic workflow for visualizing the risk thresholds for injurious traffic crashes for different genders and ages and built environment factors. The empirical results for the Wuhan metropolitan area (WMA) show that 1) thresholds for important population-specific variables require attention: bicycle speed for female children; street lighting for male children, female children, and female adults; and restaurant density for male children, female adults, and female seniors. 2) Threshold deviation shows the largest differences for the female children group. 3) Threshold risk maps show that high thresholds risk areas for male, adult, and child are located in the southeast of the WMA and those for females and elderly are located in the northwest. The generic workflow and empirical findings can help transportation planners develop specific practical strategies based on gender and age.

The effects of Area of Residence, Family structure among Adolescents' perceived parenting Styles: A Demographical Study in Andhra Pradesh

The objective of the present study is to find the effects of Area of Residence, family structure on Adolescents' perceived parenting styles. A demographical study in Andhra Pradesh. Background: The rural population is more homogenous in social, racial, and psychological traits that negatively correlate with heterogeneity. (Most are agriculturists are directly connected with agriculture). More heterogeneous than rural. Urbanity and heterogeneity are positively co-related (Different population types are seen in cities, different places, religions, caste, class race, community, economic and cultural differences, occupations, and behavioural patterns are also different). Family structure is in the form of two types. Nuclear and joint families differ in the support that each inherently offers, affecting adolescents' behaviour. Method: present study sampled 1208 male and female high school seniors from three schools in Andhra Pradesh and Area of residence, family structure relationship to parenting styles. Seniors completed a demographic survey that gathered family structure information and the number of disciplinary incidents, and they also completed a parenting style survey that measured parents parenting modes. R.L.Bharadwaj seven parenting styles tool administered to respondents in order to find the middle adolescents perceived parenting styles. Conclusion: the study found that adolescents from urban and rural, semi-urban showed a significant difference in lenient standards and moralism practices. Analysis revealed that adolescents living with joint and nuclear families using a neglecting parenting style were less likely to receive disciplinary incidents compared to adolescents living with joint family structure. Previous research suggested that an authoritative parenting style tends to benefit adolescents regardless of the family structure. Implications Present study results summarize that area of residence (Rural, Urban, and Semi-urban) showed significant differences in Andhra Pradesh middle adolescents' perceived parenting styles. The study implies that nuclear family middle adolescents perceiving parenting style significantly differed on neglecting to a parent than joint family respondents perceiving parenting style.

Modification in the Motor Skills of Seniors in Care Homes Using Serious Games and the Impact of COVID-19: Field Study.

BackgroundThe pandemic has highlighted the importance of low-threshold opportunities for exercise and physical activity. At the beginning of 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic led to many restrictions, which affected seniors in care facilities in the form of severe isolation. The isolation led, among other things, to a lack of exercise, which has led to a multitude of negative effects for this target group. Serious games can potentially help by being used anywhere at any time to strengthen skills with few resources.ObjectiveThe aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of a serious game to strengthen motor skills (study 1) and the influence of pandemic restrictions (study 2) on seniors in care facilities.MethodsThe data on motor skills (measured by the Tinetti test) originated from an intervention study with repeated measurements that was interrupted by the pandemic conditions. Data were collected 4 times every 3 months with an intervention group (IG, training 3 times for 1 hour per week) and a control group (CG, no intervention). There were 2 substudies. The first considered the first 6 months until the pandemic restrictions, while the second considered the influence of the restrictions on motor skills.ResultsThe sample size was 70. The IG comprised 31 (44%) participants, with 22 (71%) female and 9 (29%) male seniors with an average age of 85 years. The CG comprised 39 (56%) participants, with 31 (79%) female and 8 (21%) male seniors with an average age of 87 years. In study 1, mixed-design ANOVA showed no significant interaction between measurement times and group membership for the first measurements (F2.136=1.414, P<.25, partial η2=.044), but there was a significant difference between the CG (mean 16.23, SD 1.1) and the IG (mean 19.81, SD 1.2) at the third time of measurement (P=.02). In study 2 the mixed-design ANOVA (used to investigate motor skills before and after the pandemic conditions between the 2 groups) couldn’t reveal any significant interaction between measurement times and group membership: F1.67=2.997, P<.09, partial η2=.043. However, there was a significant main effect of the time of measurement: F1.67=5.44, P<.02, partial η²=.075.ConclusionsDuring the first 6 months, the IG showed increased motor skills, whereas the motor skills of the CG slightly deteriorated and showed a statistically significant difference after 6 months. The pandemic restrictions leveled the difference and showed a significant negative effect on motor skills over 3 months. As our results show, digital games have the potential to break down access barriers and promote necessary maintenance for important skills. The pandemic has highlighted the importance of low-threshold opportunities for exercise and physical activity. This potentially great benefit for the challenges of tomorrow shows the relevance of the topic and demonstrates the urgent need for action and research.Trial RegistrationDeutsches Register klinischer Studien DRKS00016633; https://tinyurl.com/yckmj4px

The Effects of Socio-Demographic Context on Perceived Parenting Styles Among Adolescents. A Demographical Study in Andhra Pradesh

The objective of the present study is to find the effects of area of residence, and family structure on Adolescents' perceived parenting A demographical study in Andhra Pradesh. Background: rural population is more homogenous in social, racial, and psychological traits that negatively correlate with heterogeneity. (Most are agriculturists and are directly connected with agriculture). More heterogeneous than rural. Urbanity and heterogeneity are positively co-related (Different population types are seen in cities, different places, religions, caste, class, race, community, economic and cultural differences, occupations, and behavioral patterns are also different). Family structure is in the form of two types. Nuclear and joint families differ in the support that each inherently offers, affecting adolescents' behavior. Method: The present study sampled 1208 male and female high school seniors from three schools in Andhra Pradesh and area of residence, family structure relationship to parenting styles. Seniors completed a demographic survey that gathered family structure information and the number of disciplinary incidents, and they also completed a parenting style survey that measured parent parenting modes. R.L. Bharadwaj eight parenting style tool was administered to respondents to find the middle adolescents' perceived parenting styles. Conclusion: The study found that adolescents from urban and rural semi-urban showed a significant difference in lenient standards and moralism practices. Analysis revealed that adolescents living with joint and nuclear families with a neglecting parenting style were less likely to receive disciplinary incidents compared to adolescents living with joint family structure. Previous research suggested that an authoritative parenting style tends to benefit adolescents regardless of the family structure. Implications of the Present study results summarize that the area of residence (Rural, urban, and Semi-urban) showed significant differences in Andhra Pradesh middle adolescents' perceived parenting styles. The study implies that nuclear family middle adolescents perceiving parenting style significantly differed on neglecting a parent than joint family respondent’s perceived parenting style.

Yoga Exercise Intervention Improves Balance Control and Prevents Falls in Seniors Aged 65.

IntroductionBody balance control represents a key factor preventing falls and subsequent injuries in seniors aged 65+. Intervention based on yoga exercises seem to be effective in improving balance.ObjectiveThe objective is to analyse and compare changes in static, dynamic, and total balance scores, changes in body composition and social indices as effects of yoga-based intervention.MethodsA total of 500 participants (234 men aged 74.5 SD±7.74 and 266 women aged 76.9 SD±7.23) were assessed using the Tinetti Balance Assessment Tool, the InBody 230 bioimpedance body composition analyser, and the SF-36 Health Survey, applied to pre and post-testing. The experimental group (n=262; 122 males; 140 females) underwent a four-week yoga-based intervention, 30 minutes daily, while the control group (n=238; 112 males; 126 females) underwent its usual daily programme at senior homes or centres. The ANOVA model, consisting of the Group, Stage, Subject and Group × Stage interaction factors, was used for data evaluation.ResultsIntervention led to improvements in the static, dynamic and total balance scores in the experimental group compared to the control group. The results of SF-36 showed positive changes in the psychosocial aspects of health, such as promoting of calmness and happiness in male seniors and reducing fatigue, nervousness and depression in female seniors. The post-intervention decrease in body fat percentage and increase in muscle mass in seniors is discussed.ConclusionsThe four-week yoga-based intervention had positive effects on the static, dynamic and total balance scores, body composition and social status.