Male Persons Research Articles

The Influence of Facial Injury during the First World War on the Development of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery in Britain and Germany.

In the First World War (WW1), different types of injuries became both political and economic factors for the main belligerent countries. This work illustrates the special role facial injuries played during and after the war and the profound impact they had on the field of Plastic Surgery in Britain and Germany.This is a historical work based on primary and secondary sources. English and German material was used to compile an overview of the development of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery as a specialty during WW1 and up to the Second World War (WW2).Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery had the task of reconstructing male beauty and personalities, restoring the most intense, disfigured reminders of a terrible war in homes and the public. Looking at the significant role the specialty played during the war, remarkably, most of the contributors struggled to find financial support to develop designated specialized departments in the inter-war period. The specialty's connection to the emotional subject of facial disfigurement did not work in its favor at a time when people wanted to forget the horrors of the war.The developments in Britain and Germany during the WW1 were less isolated than often described and the inter-war period saw much effort for international collaboration. The different developments of WW2 further illustrate how essential the efforts of a strong group of individuals and support from authorities were for the evolution of Plastic Surgery as a specialty.

Exploring the association between chronic prostatitis and the risk of herpes zoster in a cohort study in Taiwan.

The aim of the cohort research was to study the association between chronic prostatitis and the probability of herpes zoster in Taiwan. Using the National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) of Taiwan, we selected male persons newly diagnosed with chronic prostatitis aged 20-84 years between 2013 and 2020. These male persons were then matched with a non-prostatitis group who did not have a diagnosis of prostatitis by using 1:1 propensity score matching on age and relevant comorbidities. All participants were observed either until a new diagnosis of herpes zoster was noted or until the completion of the study period in 2020. Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was employed to study the hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for the risk of herpes zoster associated with chronic prostatitis. A total of 69 239 participants with chronic prostatitis and 69 239 participants with non-prostatitis were included in the analysis. The incidence rate of herpes zoster was higher in participants with chronic prostatitis compared to the non-prostatitis group (8.03 per 1000 person-years for chronic prostatitis group versus 4.74 per 1000 person-years for non-prostatitis group, incidence rate ratio = 1.69, and 95%CI = 1.59-1.81). After adjusting for co-variables, participants with chronic prostatitis were found to have a higher risk of developing herpes zoster compared to the non-prostatitis group (adjusted HR = 1.69, 95%CI = 1.59-1.81, and p < 0.001). This cohort research suggests that people with chronic prostatitis may have a greater risk of developing herpes zoster compared to the non-prostatitis group in Taiwan. Preventive strategies, such as the administration of the herpes zoster vaccine, might be beneficial in people with chronic prostatitis.

Role of gene polymorphism in the development of disorders of the lipid profile in individuals exposed to chemicals

Introduction. The prevalence of arterial hypertension and dyslipidemia in the Russian population exceeds 50%. By a number of working industrial factors have been proved to play the negative role in their development. The results of earlier studies indicate to the epigenetic role of toxic substances in relation to various genes. The aim of the study was to establish associations of polymorphic variants of cardiovascular risk genes with disorders of lipid metabolism in workers performing liquidation works in the accumulated environmental risks zone. Materials and methods. Ninety two and 82 employees from Federal Environmental Operator (FEO) and EMERCOM, respectively were studied. Parameters of lipid metabolism and polymorphic variants of APOE Cys130Arg (rs429358) and PPARG Pro12Ala (rs1801282) genes were investigated. Results. In FEO workers, each variant allele of the APOE Cys130Arg gene is associated with impaired LDL-C concentration in an additive manner (OR = 2.69; 95% CI = 1.03–7.08, p=0.04). Carrying either the T/C or C/C variant allele of this polymorphic variant or the C/G or G/G polymorphic variant Pro12Ala of the PPARG gene increases the odds of developing abnormalities in total cholesterol levels by more than 3.5-times. The risk influence of the mutant genotype G/G and allele G on the increase of Apo B concentration was also established. In EMERCOM workers, the presence of both alleles of this polymorphic variant increased the probability of a decrease in HDL-H levels by 5 times. Limitations. Male persons are employees of the FEO and the Ministry of Emergency Situations. Age accounts of 30–50 years. Conclusions. An increased risk of deviations of total cholesterol concentration, proatherogenic cholesterol, and lipoprotein fractions associated with the PPARG Pro12Ala and APOE Cys130Arg genes polymorphisms was found in FEO workers, whereas only the reduced high-density lipoprotein cholesterol risk in carriers of the PPARG Pro12Ala gene mutant allele was found in EMERCOM workers.

Pergeseran Makna Kata Antum Dalam Interaksi Sosial Santri Pondok Pesantren Miftahul Qulub Polagan Galis Pamekasan

&lt;p style="text-align: justify;"&gt;Dhamir or in Indonesian is known as pronouns. In Arabic, dhamir itself is an isim ma'rifah which is used to represent the mention of something, someone, or a group. This study aims to describe two main aspects, namely how santri use the word antum in daily interactions, and the relationship between the use of the word antum and the attitude of language politeness. This research is descriptive research with a qualitative approach. The research data were obtained through participant observation and unstructured interview methods, the population of the object of this research is all active students in the Miftahul Qulub Polagan Galis Pamekasan Islamic boarding school, and 30 samples were taken. The informants of this research were 25 active students from the Miftahul Qulub Polagan Galis Pamekasan Islamic boarding school and there were 5 informants who had the status of being active teachers and administrators at the Miftahul Qulub Polagan Galis Pamekasan Islamic boarding school. Data processing was carried out by researchers using triangulation in the form of triangulation of methods, and triangulation of data sources. The results showed that First, this word is used as a pronoun to refer to the second male person in the plural. In the context of nahwu which is the grammatical rule of Arabic. Second, the word antum is used as a word of greeting to older individuals and individuals who are respected and respected. Third, the use of the word antum by santri is not only a functional communication tool, but also reflects the values of politeness in their culture. this research provides an in-depth understanding of how the word antum not only functions as a communication tool, but also as an expression of politeness values in the daily interactions of the santri.&lt;/p&gt;

Sexual Dysfunction, Marital Adjustment, and Quality of Life Among Male Persons with Alcohol Dependence Syndrome Attending Tertiary Healthcare Institution in Northeast India: A Cross-Sectional Study

Background: Sexual dysfunction is one of the major problems associated with the chronic use of alcohol. Sexual dysfunction is also significantly associated with marital adjustment and quality of life. Aim and objectives: To determine the prevalence of sexual dysfunction and its association with marital adjustment and quality of life among persons with alcohol dependence syndrome (ADS) and to compare with the healthy control group. Materials and methods: The present study used a cross-sectional, comparative, and descriptive research design. A purposive sampling technique was used to select the sample of 128 (64 patients with ADS and 64 healthy control persons) between the ages of 21 and 50, from the Department of Addiction Medicine, LGB Regional Institute of Mental Health (LGBRIMH), Tezpur, Assam. Sociodemographic and clinical data sheet, the Arizona Sexual Experience Scale (ASEX), the Severity of Alcohol Dependence Questionnaire (SDAQ), the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT), the International Index of Erectile Dysfunction (IIED), and The Drug Abuse Screening Test scales (DAST) were used. Results: The study revealed a higher prevalence of sexual dysfunction in the ADS group (64%) compared to the healthy control group (35.9%) (Chi-square = 46.916; p &lt; .001). Marital satisfaction was significantly lower in the ADS group than in the healthy control group (Fisher’s exact test = 76.932; p &lt; .001). Quality of life was also diminished in the ADS group, particularly in the physical ( t = −5.310; p &lt;.001), social ( t = −4.481; p &lt; .001), and environmental domains ( t = −4.250; p &lt; .001). Furthermore, sexual dysfunction exhibited a significant negative correlation with marital adjustment ( r = −0.676; p &lt; .01) and all domains of quality of life [physical domain ( r = −0.235; p &lt; .001), social domain ( r = −0.383; p &lt; .001), and environmental domain ( r = −0.383; p &lt; .001)]. Conclusion: The prevalence of sexual dysfunction and erectile dysfunction was high in persons with alcohol dependence syndrome as compared to the healthy control group and it has a relationship with marital adjustment and quality of life. The findings highlight the importance of screening and evaluating sexual dysfunction in individuals with alcohol dependence. Comprehensive pharmacological and nonpharmacological services are warranted to address the unique needs of this population, promoting both recovery from alcohol dependence and improvement in overall quality of life.

Correlates of public stigma towards prolonged grief disorder

BackgroundPublic stigma for grief may reduce the social support provided to bereaved persons and increase bereavement-related distress. The general public reports more stigmatizing responses towards bereaved persons with prolonged grief disorder (PGD) than towards persons experiencing non-clinical grief. No studies to date have investigated whether personal characteristics of the general public relate to public stigma towards PGD. The present study examined whether participants’ socio-demographic characteristics and personal bereavement experiences are associated with stigmatizing responses towards PGD. MethodWe combined data of three previously published vignette experiments to conduct a secondary analysis. All studies presented members of the general public (N = 452) with a description of a male bereaved person with PGD symptoms and a PGD diagnosis. Participants rated three indicators of public stigma - negative attributes (competence, warmth), emotional reactions (fear, anger), and preferred social distance. First, we examined whether gender, age, and educational level related to public stigma towards PGD. Second, we examined the association of participants’ personal bereavement experiences with public stigma. ResultsRegression analyses demonstrated that participants’ socio-demographic characteristics explained a significant amount of variance for warmth (ΔR² = .03; p < .05) and anger (ΔR² = .05; p < .01): Male participants rated the person in the vignette as less warm (β = -.13, p < .05). Being older related to lower ratings of warmth (β = -.12, p < .05) and higher ratings of anger (β = .18, p < .01). Participants’ educational level was not associated with stigma. Participants’ bereavement experiences explained a significant amount of variance for preferred social distance (ΔR² = .11; p <. 05): Participants reporting higher personal grief severity preferred less social distance from a person with PGD (β = -.29, p < .05). A higher number of experienced losses, the recency of the bereavement, and the cause of death (natural vs. unnatural) did not relate to public stigma. ConclusionsMale and older persons are more likely to demonstrate public stigma towards PGD. Experiencing severe grief oneself is associated with less preferred social distance from a person with PGD. Anti-stigma interventions may advance the public's knowledge about grief and PGD and address specific target groups (men and older persons).

Tackling gender disparities in energy research: a diagnostic tool for equality in research centres

BackgroundIn a case study in Spain, the unequal proportion of men and women in a research organization in the energy sector is severe, and long-established dynamics that might determine differences in access to leadership positions and inequalities in research careers are evident. The gender gap in historically masculinized fields, such as energy engineering reflects more than simply the differences in male and female values and personalities. This study seeks to explore the gender gap in energy research centres and to identify barriers that potentially hinder the research careers of women. It proposes the development of a diagnostic tool, based upon indicators, to monitor and evaluate gender roles and inequalities in the management of research centres for identifying and addressing the dynamics and obstacles that hinder women's progress in the energy sector and their potential contribution to the field. This participatory multicriteria-based tool prioritizes the proposed indicators by their influence and importance in the context of energy research and applies it to the monitoring of a specific Spanish energy research centre.ResultsThe results are threefold: (i) the methodology is adaptable to different research centres; (ii) the analysis of indicators’ prioritization could lead to recommendations that should be addressed first; (iii) the diagnostic tool used in this in-depth case study of an energy research centre in Spain allowed results to be achieved in terms of gender dynamics. Two indicators stand out as the most relevant in our analysis: gender diversity in leadership positions and uncomplicated application of work–life balance measures. In this case study, the measurement of the first indicator has drawn unsatisfactory results, and the research of the latter is considered still insufficient. In conclusion, this difference becomes a vicious or negative circle for attracting and retaining more women to the research centre. Despite these results, no gender gap seems to be recognized and thus, no measures are being taken to improve the situation.ConclusionsComprehensive data and contextualized monitoring are necessary to effectively study and enhance the presence and participation of women in the energy science sector. This approach, combining quantitative and qualitative techniques, is suitable for any research centre that would like to monitor its gender gap, identify potential sources of inequity and address them.

Hepatitis B Prevalence and Referral Rates in Vulnerable Populations Undergoing Community-Based Screening-Results from the LIVE(RO)2 Program.

Background: Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) remains a major global health challenge, with significant morbidity and mortality associated with chronic infections. Methods: This study examines the epidemiology, screening, and risk factors associated with HBV in Romania, focusing on a comprehensive national screening program, LIVE(RO)2, involving 320,000 individuals (majority of them considered vulnerable population). A questionnaire was used to collect information on the potential risk factors for HBV transmission. Results: The overall prevalence rate of HBV chronic infection among all the participants tested was 1.67% (confidence interval: 1.63-1.72%), with significant differences (p = 0.0001) between participants from the main geographical regions of residence (North-East 1.89%, South 1.38%, South-East 2.06%, and South-West 1.54%). Male persons aged 30-49 or 60-69 years old, from the rural and Eastern parts of Romania and non-Romanian ethnia, with a low level of education, unvaccinated, not married, unemployed, with family members with hepatitis, with personal histories of blood or blood product transfusion, surgical interventions, tattooing, hospitalizations, imprisonment, haemodialysis, unsafe sexual contacts, or with sexual transmitted infectious diseases were risk factors associated with HBsAg seropositivity. Conclusions: Our findings highlight significant demographic and epidemiological patterns of reduced HBV prevalence even in vulnerable persons, as well as modified risk factors and the impact of socio-economic factors.

Occurrences of Hydrocele of Children During 1st 3 Months of 1402 Year in Balkh Regional Hospital

Introduction: Hydrocele defined by collection of fluid around the testicle between testicle &amp; tunica vaginalis. Its common in children &amp; adults, many peoples may affect by this disease every year. Its occur approximately at ratio of 1:10 in children’s after birth. Untreated cases should result to infertility, orchitis, epididymitis and finally testicles atrophy. Incidental averages are different from 6% to 30% by human kinds. All of male persons from birth to dying may affect by hydrocele. Method: this is a prospective and descriptive study which data collected by inspection, evaluation &amp; assessment of patients who were examined and become bedded in Balkh regional hospital mazar e Sharif during 1st 3 months of 1402 year. The all collected data analyzed by specific statistical method (SPSS). Aim: occurrences of hydrocele according to age &amp; sex during 1st 3month of 1402 year. Results: this study was performed over 1496 patients who come to Balkh regional hospital and bedded. From bedded patients, 893 case were males and remaining 601 case were females. 156 patients (17.5%) of bedded male had hydrocele and remaining 737 case (82.5%) were bedded during other diseases. From 156 hydrocele cases; 76 case (48.7%) seen in adults and other 80 case (51.3%) were children (ratio 100:95). Among 76 bedded adult patients who had hydrocele, 22cases were operated successfully and others treated none operatively by various reasons. Among 80 cases of children who had hydrocele, 35 patients operated &amp; other treated none operatively. Hydrocele consist 8.9% of male bedded patient and include 0.9% of all referral patients in Balkh regional hospital Mazar e Sharif during 1st 3month of 1402 year. Otherwise, from male bedded patients, hydrocele include 17.5% that 8.5% were adult and 8.9% were children. 28.9% of adult patients were operated &amp; 71.1% treated none operatively (the ratio 1:2.5). 43.7% of children that had hydrocele operated successfully &amp; remaining 56.3% were not operating (ratio were 1:1.3). the right sided hydrocele was more seen in group of 6-10 year (14 case /40%), and lowest were 11-15 aging group (10 case of 35 case). Conclusion: Hydrocele is a disease which commonly seen in children and adults. It can affect individuals in any age. Hydrocele more commonly seen (16.3%) in 11 year of age and then in 3 and 8 age also common. Occurrences are approximately same in children and adults. Right sided hydrocele is funded 2 time more than left sided hydrocele. 69% of 35 cases were seen within inguinal hernia.

Comparing the diagnostic considerations between general practitioners with a special interest in cardiovascular disease and those without in patients with symptoms suggestive of heart failure: a vignette study

BackgroundGeneral practitioners (GPs) specialized in cardiovascular disease (GPSI-CVD) may suspect heart failure (HF) more easily than GPs not specialized in CVD. We assessed whether GPSI-CVD consider investigations aimed at detecting HF more often than other GPs in two clinical scenarios of an older male person with respiratory and suggestive HF symptoms.MethodsIn this vignette study, Dutch GPs evaluated two vignettes. The first involved a 72-year-old man with hypertension and a 30 pack-year smoking history who presented himself with symptoms of a common cold, but also shortness of breath, reduced exercise tolerance, and signs of fluid overload. The second vignette was similar but now the 72-year-old man was known with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).GPs could select diagnostic tests from a multiple-choice list with answer options targeted at HF, COPD or exacerbation of COPD, or lower respiratory tract infection. With Pearson Chi-square or Fisher’s exact test differences between the two GP groups were assessed regarding the chosen diagnostic tests.ResultsOf the 148 participating GPs, 25 were GPSI-CVD and 123 were other GPs. In the first vignette, GPSI-CVD more often considered performing electrocardiography (ECG) than other GPs (64.0% vs. 32.5%, p = 0.003). In the second vignette, GPSI-CVD were more inclined to perform both ECG (36.0% vs. 12.2%, p = 0.003) and natriuretic peptide testing (56.0% vs. 32.5%, p = 0.006).ConclusionsMost GPs seemed to consider multiple diagnoses, including HF, with GPSI-CVD more likely performing ECG and natriuretic peptide testing in an older male person with both respiratory and suggestive HF symptoms.

The Association of Lower Levels of Baseline Proteinuria With Earlier Remission in Primary Membranous Nephropathy.

Aim To study the clinical profile and course and to assess the outcome of patients with biopsy-proven primary membranous nephropathy (MN). Methods This study was carried out in a tertiary care hospital between December 2017 and December 2021 on four-year retrospective biopsy-proven patients with membranous nephropathy (MN). Urinary proteins, serum albumin, and serum creatinine were the baseline investigations that were performed. Special tests were done whenever necessary. Patients were treated with a modified Ponticelli (MP) regimen whenever needed. Patients were followed up after treatment administration for a minimum of a year. Results The study was done in 48 biopsy-proven MN patients. Thirty-six patients had primary MNwith a mean age of 47+/-11.7 years. The male-female ratio was 2.6:1. Hypertension was present in 39% (14 patients), microscopic hematuria in 28% (10 patients), and acute kidney injury in 22% (8 patients). The mean 24-hour urinary protein was 11.2+/-2.9 g/day. PLA2R was positive in 78% (28 patients) of primary MN patients. Spontaneous remission was noted in 13.8% (5 patients) who were treated conservatively. Spontaneous remission was associated with lower baseline proteinuria (p<0.001), higher baseline serum albumin (p<0.001), and PLA2R negativity (p=0.04). Complete or partial treatment response was noted in 74.2% (23 patients). Treatment remission was associated with lower baseline proteinuria (p=0.018). Secondary membranous nephropathy (secondary MN) was diagnosed in 12 patients. Eleven were class V lupus nephritis, all women, and one male person living with HIV/AIDS (PLHA). Conclusions The majority of our primary MN patients were PLA2R positive on renal biopsy. Statistically significant factors associated with spontaneous remission were lower proteinuria, higher serum albumin at baseline, and PLA2R negativity. Treatment response was associated with lower proteinuria at presentation. The most common cause of secondary MN was lupus nephritis.

EPIDEMIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF MORTALITY FROM INFLUENZA IN THE REPUBLIC OF CROATIA

Introduction: Influenza is an acute infectious disease of the respiratory system caused by one of the influenza viruses A, B or C, which inevitably appears every year in the form of larger or smaller epidemics, with a pronounced rapid spread within the population. A higher number of deaths occurs in the months when the epidemic lasts and is associated with an increased number of pneumonia, especially in older people.Objective: Analyze the mortality from influenza inthe Republic of Croatia and consider the connection of mortality with vaccination status.Subjects and methods: A retrospective cross -sectional epidemiological study was conducted between January and April 2024. Data on deaths from influenza between January 2014 and December 2023 were analyzedin the Republic of Croatia collected at the Service for Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases of the Croatian Institute of Public Health.Results: In the observed period in the Republic of Croatia, 65321 people fell ill with the flu, of which 227 reports had a fatal outcome caused by the flu infection. Among the deceased, 70 % are people aged 65 and older, and 20 % are people aged 30 to 65. On average, more male persons died, and 63 % of respondents were not vaccinated, 32 % of respondents did not know their vaccination status, and 5 % of them were vaccinated against influenza. Conclusion: In all flu seasons, we record the highest number of deaths in people aged 65 and older. Most of the deceased persons were not vaccinated against influenza.Keywords: Human Influenza, Mortality Rate, Epidemiology, Vaccination, Croatia, Prevention

COMMISSIONERS METHOD FOR LAST SURVIVOR WHOLE LIFE INSURANCE RESERVES WITH GOMPERTZ LAW

Life insurance plays an important role in protecting one’s life in terms of financial risks. The right required reserve is one aspect that should be secured to obtain a good company’s financial health. A study reported that insufficient reserve is one of the primary causes of insolvency issues among bankrupted insurance companies. Therefore, this study aims to use the Commissioners method in calculating the reserve of the last-survivor whole life insurance policy The Gompertz mortality law is used to estimate Indonesian death probability of age . Gompertz law is employed due to its practical convenience in dealing with continuous case calculation. Linear Least Square Method will be utilized to estimate the Gompertz parameters and . This study uses secondary data from Indonesian Mortality Table IV published by OJK. The result of this study is that the reserve of multiple life status policies, such as last-survivor insurance, depends on the states of individuals of each pair. In this study, the reserve has the highest amount in cases where only the male person is alive. Average Relative Error values of the estimated Gompertz to the TMI IV show that the overall accuracy exhibits a deviation of up to 1.67%. MAPE values of Gompertz show that the estimated model best fits the TMI IV for the interval age of 0-60.

An increasing proportion of the population is not covered by the current RDA for vitamin C – interrogation of EPIC-Norfolk and NHANES 2017/2018 cohorts

With the rising prevalence of obesity globally, increasing proportions of the population may not be covered by current recommended daily allowances (RDAs) that are supposed to provide 97.5% of the population with a sufficient nutrient status but are typically based on a healthy young 70 kg male reference person. Using the EPIC-Norfolk (UK) and the NHANES (US) cohorts, we estimated the effect of body weight on the dose-concentration relationship to derive weight-based requirements to achieve an ‘adequate’ plasma concentration of vitamin C estimated to be 50 µmol/L. Inverse correlations between body weight and vitamin C were observed in both cohorts (p < 0.0001). Moreover, only about 2/3 of the cohorts achieved an adequate plasma vitamin C status by consuming the RDA or above, while only 1/3 to 1/2 of the cohorts achieved adequacy by an intake of the local RDA ± 10%. Using vitamin C as an example, the present data demonstrate that a considerable and expectedly increasing proportion of the world population is unable to achieve an adequate target plasma concentration with the current recommended daily intakes of vitamin C. This needs to be considered in future public health recommendations.

Epidemiological Profile of Meningitis Reports in Brazilian Regions between 2007 and 2015

Abstract Meningitis is an inflammation that affects meninges of the nervous system and can cause severe sequelae, which makes it important to understand the epidemiological profile of the disease to aid in control policies. The objective of this study was to describe the epidemiological profile of meningitis in different Brazilian regions from 2007 to 2015. We did a descriptive observational study of all 184,868 reports of meningitis cases made by SUS in DATASUS between 2007 and 2015 in Brazil. It was observed that most case occurred in male and white persons. In general, the etiology was viral and bacterial. About 50% of the cases occurred in children up to 9 years old, but with higher lethality in the elderly. There was a nearly 40% drop in the number of notifications from 2007 to 2014, but with more lethality. We conclude that the decrease in cases is due to the success of control policies, but we need to keep our attention to the notifications due to the increase in lethality. Keyword: Meningitis, Public health, Neglected disease.

Theoretical Prediction of the 210 Pb Burden in the Skeleton from Radon Exposure and Other Intake Routes.

The 210 Pb burden in the skeleton is a measurement value suitable for the estimation of the cumulative exposure to radon, based on which the resultant risk of lung cancer can be derived. There have been a handful of studies that successfully measured 210 Pb activity in the bones of volunteers who had chronic exposure to high concentrations of radon occupationally or in their residences. However, the quantitative relationship between measured 210 Pb activity and radon exposure remains elusive. Herein, we investigate the origin of the skeletal burden by employing the biokinetic model recommended by the International Commission on Radiological Protection and modeling various routes of intake. First, the baseline 210 Pb burden for the general public regarding eating assorted foodstuffs and breathing normal air is obtained. It is found that this baseline burden ranges between 7.3 to 46.5 Bq for a 50-y-old (male) person, which characterizes a large variance due to the uncertainty of each route of intake. Next, we concentrate on radon exposure by referring to two experimental studies where the accounts of exposure and the measured 210 Pb burden for each volunteer are documented in detail. From comparing our prediction and measurements, it is found that exposure to higher concentration of radon is the most significant source of 210 Pb intake, and the quantitative differences can be reasonably explained by the uncertainty resulting from regular intake routes. This study establishes the theoretical foundation for assessing one's risk of lung cancer due to radon exposure by measuring the 210 Pb burden in bones.

The Significance of Chronic Fatigue in the Post-Covid Consultation and its Consequences for Outpatient Rehabilitation in the Context of Statutory Accident Insurance

The post-COVID consultation (PCC) is offered as part of a comprehensive range of treatment services provided by the statutory accident insurance for post-COVID patients to determine individual recommendations for further care. The aim of the study was to record the main symptoms and the associated restrictions on social and occupational participation in order to derive consequences for outpatient rehabilitation. In addition to a medical examination and a psychological consil, numerous assessments were carried out to evaluate the biopsychosocial state of health. 373 female (82.2%) and 81 male patients aged between 40 and 60 years from the professions of health and care services, education and pedagogy participated in the PCC since April 2021. Nearly all patients (98.2%) reported fatigue as a cardinal symptom of their post-COVID complaints, in combination with subjectively experienced limitations in brain functioning in over 73% of cases. The duration of the symptomatology persisted for an average of 14-15 months in both female and male insured persons. Thus, over 85% of the total sample can be classified as cases of chronic fatigue (Fatigue Scale). The severity of fatigue also proportionally affects quality of life (SF-36), feelings of anxiety and depression (HADS), psychological resilience (RS-13), and motor parameters such as maximum grip strength and endurance capacity. 54.3% of the patients also received a suspected mental diagnosis and 38.1% a recommendation for further neuropsychological diagnostics. For further treatment of the leading symptom of chronic fatigue, a multimodal and interdisciplinary outpatient rehabilitation is recommended, which should be oriented towards the treatment of the diagnosis of chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) and thus in particular towards a psychoeducational and rather than a curative therapeutic approach, and should consider aftercare strategies. Confirmed mental disorders and neuropsychological deficits are to be treated in addition.

The female nomination on the basis of marital status in Russian Internet texts: functional and linguo-ecological aspects

The article is devoted to the gendered lexical unit which constitutes initial abbreviation derived from the idiom «razvedenka s pricepom» (divorsed woman with a child) and is actively used by Russian speaking Internet users to denote a female person on the basis of her marital status. The article describes the history of the appearance of the unit, its derivational and semantical characteristics, semantic and contextual connections and its functioning specifics in the Internet texts. The research is conducted on the material of the author's corpus of the contexts of use including 1 255 speech products published in between 2014 and 2023 in the communicative space of such social platforms as (425 units), vk.com (336 units), YouTube (190 units), Yandex.Dzen (173 units). The author applies the methods of quantative, semantic, conceptual, derivational, contextual and discursive analyses. The article specifies that the gendered abbreviation is derived from the linguocynical idiom, having been used in the male speech long before the spread of the Internet. The research reveals that the abbreviation use underlines the artifact conceptual metaphor generated by the initial phraseological combination. The divorced mother deanimization is regularly strengthened by the abrriviation's contextual environment. It reveals that 1 175 contexts (93,62 %) contain verbalized speaker's conception of financial aspect in sexual, romantic or family relationship caused by the actualization of consumer strategy in interpersonal ineteraction and by the ubiquitous consumeristic philosophy. It proves that the use of the innovation RSP is a feature of male Internet users' speech (982 contexts; 78,24 %) and is not typical for female speech (270 contexts; 21,51 %). In female speech the abbreviation carries out primarily the metalinguistic function and much less frequently nominative and evaluative functions. In the Internet texts produced by male persons the nomination not only promotes expressing the divorced mother with a child negative evaluation but also facilitates deconstruction, deaxiologization and desacralization of the concept «Mother». This allows us to qualify the abbreviation as a linguo-perversion which is a special kind of language trauma which represents a speech phenomenon generating the traditional symbol ambivalence and leading towards worldview destruction.

WOMEN OF MEDIEVAL AND MODERN ROMANIA AND THE ART OF WRITING AND TRANSLATION

Romanian history, from ancient times until today contains numerous events, facts, events that can be analyzed from a complex perspective. However male and female personalities bear the imprint that was involved throughout the passage of time. The article intends to follow, chronologically, biographies of the firrst women writer-translator or journalist in Romania's history.

Estimation of the morbidity of persons of an organized collective in the Subarctic belt

Introduction. Weather, climatic conditions, and technogenic pollution of the habitat can determine the characteristics of the response of the organism of various groups of the population. &#x0D; Purpose — assessment of the morbidity of persons of an organized team in conditions of ecological trouble in the Subarctic climatic zone. &#x0D; Materials and methods. The object of observation is the prevalence (including primary incidence) according to ICD-10 for 2016–2021 among military personnel serving under contract in Norilsk (n = 200). The observed male cohort was a newcomer population, engaged in mental work; the share of persons with work experience in the specialty in this climatic zone of 3–10 years was 80.0%. We compared the incidence rates of the observed group and the adult population of Norilsk. Assessed working conditions according to the intensity of the labour process. &#x0D; Results. The working conditions are harmful, the class of working conditions is 3.3. In the subarctic zone, under anthropogenic load, the prevalence of diseases and primary morbidity in people of mental labour are 1.7 times and 24.0% higher than in the adult population of Norilsk; in the 6 leading classes (with the exception of injuries), the primary incidence exceeded that in the adult population of the Krasnoyarsk Territory by 1.9–10.8 times. In the long-term trend, the prevalence and incidence increased with absolute values, respectively, by 63.8‰ and 57.5‰, deviations from the base value of 1.7% and 6.1% per year. &#x0D; Research limitation. Male persons from among the alien population engaged in mental work in an organized team in a dysfunctional environment.&#x0D; Conclusion. To prevent the morbidity of the population in adverse living conditions, it is necessary not only to assess the weather and environmental troubles to develop preventive measures to reduce the anthropogenic load, prevent cold risk, but also to analyze the incidence in the management of labor in a particular production.