Baldness Research Articles

DEEP REVIEW ON ALOPECIA AREATA DIAGNOSIS FOR HAIR LOSS-RELATED AUTOIMMUNE DISORDER PROBLEM

Lots of women all over the globe are affected by thinning hair, and the number of females suffering from the disease is growing per year. Another important component in the development of thinning hair is genetics. One of the most important goals is to make a clinical condition. For example, in the area of medicine, categorization is critical since one of the primary goals of the doctor is to determine whether or not a patient suffers from an illness. Alopecia areata is a kind of chronic illness that causes baldness in the affected region. AA may cause baldness for a variety of causes thus, testing may be essential to confirm if it is the source of the loss of hair. Machine learning approaches have shown promise in a variety of fields, including dermatology, and may be useful in identifying alopecia areata for better prediction and diagnosis. Proper detection of an illness is also influenced by the fluctuating character of illness signs. Deep learning algorithms for identifying hair loss levels in males using facial pictures in this research. In this situation, a special training database, including face photos with varying degrees of baldness, has been generated. Furthermore, despite the limited accessibility of hairs in such images, a matching approach for mechanically categorizing face images to design categorization tables of male baldness from the medical field is provided. The outcomes of the experiments demonstrate the potential and efficiency for medical, security, and business apps. Related work in machine learning for hair illness categorization has also been addressed. The main objective of this study to analyze several machine learning and deep learning strategies for the identification of alopecia as well as in humans, as well as to determine the accuracy of extracting features methodologies.

Masculinity, Modernity and Male Baldness, c.1880‐1939

AbstractMale baldness was a very common experience but it has rarely been considered by historians of any period or place. This article argues that baldness reveals a precariousness and vanity to masculinity in late nineteenth‐ and early twentieth‐century Britain. Baldness limited men's ability to self‐fashion their appearance. It made them the target of jokes, marked the fact they were getting older, undermined their looks and, perhaps, made them less attractive to women. There was thus a vigorous market for cures and preventatives. Such products show how deep superstitions and irrational thinking could run, but understandings of the condition were also rooted in the social and cultural conditions of the day. The glamour of Hollywood, a keep‐fit culture, growing advertising of male‐grooming products and the fading of hat wearing from fashion, all intensified interwar anxieties around baldness. Not everyone worried about baldness, however, and men's feelings about their hair owed much to personality and circumstance. Baldness thus not only reveals the precarious nature of masculinity but also its inconsistent and inherently personal dimensions.

Psychology's medicalization of male baldness.

Male baldness is physically benign though it is increasingly described as a “disease” based on claims that it is profoundly distressing. The medicalization of baldness was assessed using data extracted from a review of 37 male baldness psychosocial impact studies. Findings revealed most studies likely had commercial influences (78%), represented baldness as a disease (77%), were conducted on biased samples (68%), and advocated for baldness products/services (60%), omitting their limitations (68%). Health psychologists should challenge baldness medicalization so that men can make informed choices about what, if anything, they do with their baldness.

Following historical "tracks" of hair follicle miniaturisation in patterned hair loss: Are elastin bodies the forgotten aetiology?

Pattern hair loss (PHL) is a chronic regressive condition of the scalp, where follicular miniaturisation and decreased scalp hair coverage occurs in affected areas. In all PHL cases, there is a measurable progressive shortening of the terminal hair growth duration, along with reduced linear growth rates. In both genders, PHL initially shows an increase in short telogen hairs ≤30 mm in length, reflecting a cycle completion of under 6 months in affected terminal hair follicles. To understand the miniaturisation process, we re‐examine the dynamics of miniaturisation and ask the question, “why do miniaturised hair follicles resist treatment?” In the light of recent developments in relation to hair regeneration, we looked back in the older literature for helpful clues “lost to time” and reprise a 1978 Hermann Pinkus observation of an array of elastin deposits beneath the dermal papilla following subsequent anagen/telogen transitions in male balding, originally described by Arao and Perkins who concluded that these changes provide a “morphologic marker of the entire biologic process in the balding scalp.” Thus, we have reviewed the role of the elastin‐like bodies in hair pathology and we propose that alterations in elastin architecture may contribute to the failure of vellus‐like hair reverting back to their terminal status and may indicate a new area for therapeutic intervention.

Clinico -laboratory and trichoscopic evaluation of various patterns of female baldness – A prospective case control study

Introduction: Female pattern hair loss (FPHL) is a form of non scarring diffuse hair loss and hair thinning in a pattern fashion. The role of hyperandrogenemia is not clear in FPHL. An association between iron deficiency and FPHL is also debated. Literature investigating trichoscopic features in this condition are few. Aim: To analyse the clinico laboratory findings in women with pattern baldness and to correlate the trichoscopic parameters in the three forms of FPHL namely Ludwig, Olsen, Hamilton & Norwood. Materials and Methods : This was a prospective case control study. Seventy (70) female patients of age between 18-48 years with pattern baldness and thirty(30) age matched females were included in the study. Trichoscopy was done for all the cases. Laboratory evaluation was done for both cases and controls. The data was analysed using SPSS 16.0 version. Chi Square and ‘ t ’ tests were used and the results expressed in mean, standard deviation. Results: A statistically significantly difference was observed between the mean values of total testosterone, DHEAS, TSH of cases when compared to controls. The serum ferritin level less than the cut off level of 40 mic.gram/L was seen in 52% of cases and the mea n serum ferritin values of cases is less than that of controls. Hair diameter diversity( 90%), peripilar sign(91.4%) were the most frequent trichoscopic findings. Conclusion: The biochemical findings in our study support the role of hormones, Iron deficiency in the etiology of FPHL. The trichoscopic findings did not differ significantly between the three forms of FPHL. Keywords: Trichoscopic features, Patterns of female Baldness, Case control study.

Unrecognised underlying condition for COVID-19: perspective study of meridian and M-shaped male baldness

Male androgenetic alopecia (MAA) is observed as a high severity risk factor but not listed within underlying COVID-19 conditionsdue to scanty available evidence. From a Chinese medicine (CM) perspective, the pathogenesis of MAA is overlapping with many recognised underlying conditions. This article compares CM meridian theory with MAA pattern progression to illustrate 1) the morphological and topographical superposition between the MAA progressing pattern and CM meridians, 2) damp-heat dominated body constitution presences among MAA patients as well as some underlying COVID-19 conditions, 3) vulnerable body type should be alerted and recognised to avoid an increase in infectious severity rate. The fundamental acupuncture points of treatment are provided for a concrete clarification of MAA.

Prostate cancer and androgenic alopecia: The role of finasteride as a dual agent

Background: Prostate cancer (PC) is recognised as the leading cancer diagnosis in Canadian men and the third-highest cause of cancer mortality. Despite its prevalence increasing with age, in Canada, funding for PC research is much lower when compared to other forms of cancer. Androgenic alopecia (AA) is a medical condition known to affect more than a third of all men and women. Studies show that AA is a medical condition with significant physical and psychological harms to the patient but one that can be treated effectively by a general practitioner. Objective: The objective is to determine the possibility of using finasteride to concurrently treat AA and prevent PC for men with more than one PC risk factor, one of which being AA. Methods: Numerous databases were searched, including OVID, Cochrane, Medline and PubMed. Additional internet searches were done using keywords such as dihydrotestosterone (DHT), AA, male pattern baldness, prostate-specific antigen, PC and finasteride, including a Medical Subject Headings search combining these words. Results and Conclusion: As a risk indicator for a PC diagnosis, early recognition of AA is important. Considering AA in conjunction with other risk factors for PC provides a more accurate risk assessment for patients. Finasteride has been shown to be effective in treating AA. By reducing DHT, a determining factor of both AA and PC development, finasteride has been demonstrated to reduce the risk of PC development by 25%. Finasteride therapy is an effective, low-risk, AA treatment option with the benefit of protecting potentially more susceptible men from PC. Given its excellent safety profile, as demonstrated in long-term studies of benign prostatic hyperplasia treatment, finasteride should be offered routinely to men with AA.

A comparative study of efficacy and safety of 5% topical minoxidil with platelet rich plasma versus platelet rich plasma as a monotherapy in male patients with androgenetic alopecia

Introduction: Male baldness is genetically determined, most common gradually progressive hair disorder leading to miniaturization of hair follicles. Various modalities have been used in various studies without significant results. Objective: The aim was to study and compare the two modalities of treatment and to evaluate their results. Materials and Methods: This is prospective, comparative study. Sample size was 40, twenty in each group. Group 1 was given 5% topical minoxidil solution two times in a day till six months and platelet rich plasma (PRP), Group 2 was given only PRP at three weekly interval for six months. Parameters evaluated before starting, after three months and after six months for - Hair pull test, anagen/telogen ratio, Patient’s, Physician’s assessment and clinical photographs. Results: On evaluating group 1 showed relatively more significant improvement. On hair pull test significant reduction of hair breakage in group 1. Anagen/telogen ratio showed 8.9 ± 0.3% improvement in anagen hair in group 1 while 5.9 ± 0.5% was in group 2. Improvement was seen in patients of group 1 more than patients of group 2 based on patient’s assessment and photographs. Conclusion: 5% minoxidil when given with platelet rich plasma was superior and better when compared to platelet rich plasma alone. Keywords: AGA, PRP, Minoxidil.

Androgenetic alopecia present in the majority of patients hospitalized with COVID-19: The “Gabrin sign”

Androgenetic alopecia present in the majority of patients hospitalized with COVID-19: The “Gabrin sign”

A novel nonsense mutation in the STS gene in a Pakistani family with X-linked recessive ichthyosis: including a very rare case of two homozygous female patients

BackgroundX-linked ichthyosis (XLI; OMIM# 308100) is a recessive keratinization disorder characterized by the presence of dark brown, polygonal, adherent scales on different parts of the body surface. It almost exclusively affects males and the estimated prevalence ranges from 1:2000–6000 in males worldwide. Extracutaneous manifestations are frequent including corneal opacities, cryptorchidism, neuropsychiatric symptoms or others. Up to 90% of XLI cases are caused by recurrent hemizygous microdeletion encompassing entire STS gene on chromosome Xp22.3, while only a minority of patients shows partial deletions or loss of function point mutations in STS. Larger deletions also involving contiguous genes are identified in syndromic patients.MethodsHere, we report clinical and genetic findings of a large Pakistani family having 16 affected individuals including 2 females with XLI. Molecular karyotyping and direct DNA sequencing of coding region of the STS gene was performed.ResultsThe clinical manifestations in affected individuals involved generalized dryness and scaling of the skin with polygonal, dark scales of the skin on scalp, trunk, limbs, and neck while sparing face, palms and soles. There were no associated extra-cutaneous features such as short stature, cryptorchidism, photophobia, corneal opacities, male baldness, and behavioral, cognitive, or neurological phenotypes including intellectual disability, autism or attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Molecular karyotyping was normal and no copy number variation was found. Sanger sequencing identified a novel hemizygous nonsense mutation (c.287G > A; p.W96*), in exon 4 of STS gene in all affected male individuals. In addition, two XLI affected females in the family were found to be homozygous for the identified variant.ConclusionsThis study is useful for understanding the genetic basis of XLI in the patients studied, for extending the known mutational spectrum of STS, diagnosis of female carriers and for further application of mutation screening in the genetic counseling of this family.

The Steroidogenesis Inhibitor Finasteride Reduces the Response to Both Stressful and Rewarding Stimuli.

Finasteride (FIN) is the prototypical inhibitor of steroid 5α-reductase (5αR), the enzyme that catalyzes the rate-limiting step of the conversion of progesterone and testosterone into their main neuroactive metabolites. FIN is clinically approved for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia and male baldness; while often well-tolerated, FIN has also been shown to cause or exacerbate psychological problems in vulnerable subjects. Evidence on the psychological effects of FIN, however, remains controversial, in view of inconsistent clinical reports. Here, we tested the effects of FIN in a battery of tests aimed at capturing complementary aspects of mood regulation and stress reactivity in rats. FIN reduced exploratory, incentive, prosocial, and risk-taking behavior; furthermore, it decreased stress coping, as revealed by increased immobility in the forced-swim test (FST). This last effect was also observed in female and orchiectomized male rats, suggesting that the mechanism of action of FIN does not primarily reflect changes in gonadal steroids. The effects of FIN on FST responses were associated with a dramatic decrease in corticotropin release hormone (CRH) mRNA and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) levels. These results suggest that FIN impairs stress reactivity and reduces behavioral activation and impulsive behavior by altering the function of the hypothalamus–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis.

Research Progress on Forensic Genetics of Facial Morphological Depiction.

Forensic DNA phenotyping （FDP） analysis uses DNA from biological samples left in crime scenes to predict individual phenotypic traits, such as geographical origin of ethnic group, height, weight, skin color, hair color and shape, iris color, male baldness, facial morphology, age, etc., thereby providing clues for case investigations. Among these traits, features of facial morphology are relatively more complicated. This paper makes an overall analysis of the measurement and collection of facial morphology, research on facial morphology related genes, forensic application and establishment of facial morphology depiction model, ethical issues, etc., then summarizes the latest research progress on features of facial morphology.

Acute post-operative edema. A major morbidity after hair transplant.

Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy of different modalities for the prevention of post-operative edema in patients undergoing hair transplant. Study Design: Prospective study. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Plastic Surgery, Bashir Hospital (private), Sialkot from March 2016 to April 2018. Patients and Methods: Male patients with typical male baldness patterns were serially included in the study. Informed consent was taken both for the surgery and purpose of research. Patients were followed up daily for one week to assess the post-operative edema. However patients were also called for follow up after three months to see the late complications. Patients not giving consent for the study were excluded from the data. Data was entered and analysis done by SPSS v 22. Results: Total 97 patients were operated. Two groups A&B each of 45 and 57 patients were selected randomly. Group A which was administered tumescent solution including steroid showed maximum prevention of edema, success rate (93.3%). Group B having oral steroid course postoperatively for 5 days showed less promising results with success rate of (57.8%). Conclusion: The results of this study revealed that addition of steroid (Triamcinolone) to the tumescent solution had more promising results regarding the prevention of post-operative edema.

Application of controllable hair density of eyebrow reconstruction with the treatment of scar baldness during the same operation stage

Objective To explore a method of eyebrow reconstruction which can control eyebrows, and to repair scar baldness in the same operation stage. Methods Operations were performed in two stages. In the first stage, an expander was placed under the scalp at the same side of the defect eyebrow through the direction of the superficial temporal artery. Other expanders were placed around the scar baldness. After the incision healed, water was injected into the expander. During the expansion, the scalp hair density was approaching the uninjured eyebrow side. Then the second stage operation was prepared: an island flap with superficial temporal artery as axial artery was harvested and the expander was extracted. The subcutaneous tunnel was made in the temporal region of the eyebrow defect side. The expanded superficial temporal artery island scalp flap was passed through the tunnel and transferred to the defect eyebrow area to repair the eyebrow. After incising the scar baldness, the left expanded scalp flaps were transferred to cover the wound. Results 12 patients underwent this method of eyebrow reconstruction with scar baldness, all island scalp flaps survived, with no case of flap necrosis. After 6-24 months of follow-up, the hair density of the reconstructed eyebrows was very close to that of the uninjured side, without excessive thickening or excessive rarefaction. The scalp scars were small and can be shaded by the hair. All patients were satisfied with the operation. Conclusions The method of controllable hair density of eyebrow reconstruction with the treatment of scar baldness has good effects on reconstructing eyebrow defect and scar baldness. It is simple, economic and suitable for further application. Key words: Eyebrows; Cicatricial alopecia; Surgical operation; Eyebrow reconstruction

Aiming for Cognitive Equivalence – Mental Models as a Tertium Comparationis for Translation and Empirical Semantics

This paper introduces my concept of cognitive equivalence (cf. Mandelblit, 1997), an attempt to reconcile elements of Nida’s dynamic equivalence with recent innovations in cognitive linguistics and cognitive psychology, and building on the current focus on translators’ mental processes in translation studies (see e.g. Göpferich et al., 2009, Lewandowska-Tomaszczyk, 2010). My approach shares its general impetus with Lewandowska-Tomaszczyk’s concept of re-conceptualization, but is independently derived from findings in cognitive linguistics and simulation theory (see e.g. Langacker, 2008; Feldman, 2006; Barsalou, 1999; Zwaan, 2004). Against this background, I propose a model of translation processing focused on the internal simulation of reader reception and the calibration of these simulations to achieve similarity between ST and TT impact. The concept of cognitive equivalence is exemplarily tested by exploring a conceptual / lexical field (MALE BALDNESS) through the way that English, German and Japanese lexical items in this field are linked to matching visual-conceptual representations by native speaker informants. The visual data gathered via this empirical method can be used to effectively triangulate the linguistic items involved, enabling an extra-linguistic comparison across languages. Results show that there is a reassuring level of inter-informant agreement within languages, but that the conceptual domain for BALDNESS is linguistically structured in systematically different ways across languages. The findings are interpreted as strengthening the call for a cognition-focused, embodied approach to translation.

Observation of clinical efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy regimen of TAC and AT in the treatment of triple negative breast cancer

Objective To explore the effect and adverse reaction of different neoadjuvant chemotherapy regimens: docetaxel+ THP+ cyclophosphamide and docetaxel+ THP in the treatment of triple negative breast cancer. Methods The clinical data of 75 patients with triple negative breast cancer in type Ⅱa-Ⅲc period were retrospectively analyzed.According to different treatment method, they were divided into two groups.The observation group(43 cases) was given the treatment of TAC, the control group(32 cases) was given the treatment of AT.The short-term efficacy and adverse reaction were evaluated and analyzed before every course of treatment, the total effective rate was evaluated after four courses of treatment.The long-term curative effect of the two groups was evaluated by following-up. Results The total effective rate of the observation group was 90.70%, which was significantly higher than 71.88% of the control group (χ2=4.536, P=0.033). The incidence rates of adverse effects of chemotherapy in the observation group were higher than the control group, but there were no statistically significant differences between the two groups(gastrointestinal disorder χ2=2.931, P=0.087; marrow depression χ2=1.586, P=0.208; baldness χ2=1.367, P=0.242; cardiotoxicχ2=1.114, P=0.291). The three years survival rates in the observation group and the control group were 93.02% and 87.50% respectively, there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups(χ2=0.940, P=0.332). Conclusion The neoadjuvant chemotherapy of TAC and AT is both effective in the treatment of triple negative breast cancer, and TAC scheme is superior to AT scheme, the long-term efficacy in the two schemes has no significant difference. Key words: Chemotherapy, adjuvant; Breast neoplasms; Docetaxel

THE WONDER OF HERBS TO TREAT–ALOPECIA

Herbal Cosmetics have growing demand on the earth market and is a precious gift of nature. Herbal formulations continuously have attracted gigantic concentration on the grounds that of their good endeavor and comparatively lesser or nil side effect with synthetic medications. Herbs and spices have been used in retaining and embellishing human magnificence because time immemorial. Hair loss problem is of great significance to both men & women. The essential issues associated with hair loss are hair fading, dandruff & falling of hair. Alopecia is the medical term for hair loss or baldness. It is an embarrassing condition for any person, as he/she looks extra aged than ordinary. Many forms of medication are available to treat alopecia in special procedure of medication like Allopathic, Homeopathic, Ayurveda or can also be surgical like hair transplantation however none of them is wholly ample. This hindrance could be solved by the use of natural medicines obtained from herbs. Various herbs are being used to preclude the hair loss and remorse of hairs including aloe vera, brahmi, nagarmotha, amla, bhringraj, and lots of different herbs. Being average medicines there are various advantages of making use of them like patient compliance, less side-results, convenient availability, inexpensive and multiple mode ofapplications to treat Alopecia and other hair diseases . KEYWORDS: Herbal Medicine, Herbal Cosmetics, Natural Herbs, Hair Growth Activity, Hair Cycle, Brahmi, Nagarmotha, Amla, Bhringraj, Alopecia, Alopecia Areata, Allopathic, Homeopathic, Ayurveda, Beauty, Hair Loss, Hair Fading, Dandruff, Falling of Hair, Herbal formulations, Bacopa Monnieri, Cyperus Rotundus, Emblica Officinalis, Medicinal plants, Cosmetics.

Effect of the multifunctional cosmetic ingredient sphinganine on hair loss in males and females with diffuse hair reduction.

Sphingolipids are well known to promote keratinocyte differentiation and to induce ceramide production. In addition, they show anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activities. Thus, the aim of this study is to investigate the potential effect of sphinganine on prolonging the hair anagen rate and improving the overall hair quality and scalp health. The inhibitory potential of sphinganine toward 5-α-reductase was studied using an in vitro assay. The stimulation of the antimicrobial peptide HBD2 by sphinganine was measured by real-time polymerase chain reaction and immunostaining. Sphinganine bioavailability was studied ex vivo using a pig skin model. A placebo-controlled, double-blind study was designed to evaluate the efficacy of sphinganine on hair loss and hair/scalp quality in vivo. In vitro results showed that sphinganine is a potent inhibitor of 5-α-reductase type I that prevents the conversion of testosterone to dihydrotestosterone, a key factor of androgenetic male baldness. In vivo results demonstrated efficacy in reducing non-illness-related hair loss among males. In terms of expert rating, all hair quality and scalp parameters improved after application of sphinganine. Improved scalp health might be linked to the observed increase of the antimicrobial peptide HBD2. Thus, sphinganine is well suited as a topical alternative for the improvement of scalp health and hair quality and anti-hair loss application.

“Be Enthusiastic – Be Curious”

Why have you decided to become a dermatologist? Prof. B. Cribier: Because I read a book by Prof. Jean-Paul Escande, entitled “Doctors” when I was 16. In this book he described his career in Paris and every step from First year of Medical school to becoming a Professor. J.-P. Escande was a famous professor of dermatology in Hôpital Tarnier, Paris.I was also interested in surgery but I very early understood that a medical specialty would be more suited to my way of thinking. I am fascinated by every aspect of images, not only in medicine but also in art. I think I wanted to become a Professor in Medicine as much as I wanted to be a dermatologist. Teaching is the best part of my professional life. What was the most unusual case you ever saw? Prof. B. Cribier: Diagnosis: A case of familial progressive mucinous histiocytosis in a brother and sister. Treatment: A patient who had a 1-week unexplained coma, 2 episodes of cardiac infarction and skin changes; treatment with immunoglobulins after having made the diagnosis of dermato-neuro syndrome associated with scleromyxedema. She survived! Which scientist taught you most intensively? Prof. B. Cribier: Prof. Edouard Grosshans, but I also consider A. Bernard Ackerman as an inspiring mentor. What was the best advice you ever got in your life? Prof. B. Cribier: “Describe what you see under the microscope and not what you have been taught in medical school” (A. B. Ackerman). What is the most important development in Dermatology in our days? Prof. B. Cribier: Targeted therapies for psoriasis and melanoma, and many others to come. What do you think about the future of Dermatology in Europe? Are there specialities in France? Prof. B. Cribier: I am very confident in the future of dermatology. This is the best possible specialty in medicine. People will always need dermatologists. We have around 3000 practicing dermatologists in France, and of course dermatology itself is a speciality. We have sub-specialities like dermatosurgery, dermatopathology, vascular diseases, allergology etc. and many very active clinical research groups of the French Society of Dermatology in each subspecialty. What is your advice for young colleagues? Prof. B. Cribier: Be enthusiastic about the skin, have a look in a microscope as often as possible. Be curious. Read and publish. Confront ideas. Spend at least one year doing research. What is the most fascinating subject on adnexal structures? Prof. B. Cribier: The wonderful complexity of a very much overlooked organ: the follicular unit. Nature has invented the most exciting structure of the human body: the hair. No wonder there are so many tumors derived from it. Normal hair itself would be enough for a lifetime occupation. What is your advice for male baldness for your patients? Prof. B. Cribier: If you cannot accept it, apply minoxidil. If you are not afraid of sexual side-effects, you might try finasteride. What are you mostly doing in leisure hours? Prof. B. Cribier: I try to run 3 hours a week, I go to the opera and ballet during the year. In summer, reading all day long on the beach in Normandy (never too hot) is my favorite occupation. I hate airports and am not fond of long distance flights. I much prefer visiting European cities, which I do in Spring every year. What is your favourite village to show guests from abroad in Alsac? Which typical subject, for example church, City Hall or landscape do you demonstrate foreign guests? Prof. B. Cribier: In Strasbourg: Palais Rohan and the Cathedral (and the Dermatology Clinic). In the country: Mittelbergheim and the surrounding Route des Vins.

In Vitro Culturing and Harvesting of Human Plucked Hair Follicles

Human hair follicles are miniature hair growing organs. A common human hair disorder is androgenetic alopecia (AGA), which becomes a medical problem only when the hair loss is subjectively seen as excessive, premature, and distressing on the scalp. The objectives of the present study were to culture the hair stem cells in vitro and to study the morphology of the cultured cells for the treatment of AGA. The present study proposes that plucked human hairs are a cheap source to treat male baldness and in vitro culturing of hair follicle cells is the potential method to apply the cultured cells back into the balding scalp. It may be possible to create thousands of hair follicles from that original follicle. In this study human hair follicle cells of normal and AGA male groups were taken by plucking the hair follicle cells. The hair follicles cells of normal and AGA were cultured in vitro without a feeder layer, as the feeder layer has many drawbacks. The plucked hair follicles which were in the anagen stage were selected from both groups. These hair follicles were digested by enzymatic disaggregation using trypsin/EDTA. Then these cells were cultured in a FAD medium ( Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Medium and Ham’s F 12 medium, 3:1) plus a 17% serum and incubated in a CO2 Incubator at 37 °C in 5% CO2 without a feeder layer. The whole procedure was performed under sterile conditions. The morphology of cultured and subcultured cells was observed daily under a phase contrast microscope for 14 days. The viable cultured cells of both groups refracted light, while dead cells appeared black. Keratinocytes appeared after 24 hours, Melanocytes appeared at 48 hours, and stem cells appeared in 7 to 10 days. Shelf life of cultured and subcultured cells of normal and AGA group was 12 and 7 days, respectively. Live cell counting was done by using an improved Neubauer chamber. DNA extraction and optical density (OD) assay of cultured and subcultured cells was undertaken using the plucked hair follicles of normal and AGA human male subject. The plucked human hair follicles cells were harvested and cultured successfully without a feeder layer. Their genomic DNA was extracted successfully. This hair cloning technique is an alternative to the usual method of hair transplantation. The most positive aspect of the new technique compared to hair transplantation is the preservation of the 'donor hair area'. This technique will be cheaper and more 'patient friendly'.