Male Abusers Research Articles

Female Sexual Dysfunction Among the Wives of Opioid-Dependent Males in Iran.

BackgroundOpiate abuse in males has significant effects on their sexual functions. In contrast, sexuality in females is a multidimensional issue that can strongly be affected by several factors in their partners. However, only a limited number of studies have assessed the role of males’ opioid dependency in their female partners’ sexual function.ObjectivesThe present study aimed to evaluate the effect of males’ opioid dependency on their wives’ sexual function compared to the sexual function of the females whose husbands were not opioid dependent.Patients and MethodsThis study included 340 women who were selected through convenience sampling and divided into a control (females whose husbands were not opioid dependent) and a case group (women whose husbands were opioid dependent). The data were collected through an interview according to the DSM-IV-R criteria for female sexual dysfunctions by a senior female medical student who was one of the researchers. Finally, the data were entered into the SPSS statistical software (v. 15) and analyzed using the t-test and chi-square test.ResultsAccording to the results, the frequency of hypoactive sexual desire disorder and sexual aversion disorder in the control group was significantly higher than that of the case group (P < 0.05).ConclusionsThe results showed that having an addicted husband could strongly affect some sexual domains in women. It could change the pattern of desire and motivation for sexual contact in females and alter their attitude toward the sexual relationship, thereby causing disturbances in the females’ normal sexual function.

‘It’s deemed unmanly’: men’s experiences of intimate partner violence (IPV)

This study investigated male victims’ experiences of female-perpetrated intimate partner violence (IPV). Seven participants were interviewed and the data were analysed using Interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA). Four essential themes were revealed. (1) Participants identified themselves as victims of abuse (experiencing physical and multiple forms of abuse). (2) They felt they were victims of controlling abuse (through the use of children and isolation). (3) Respondents experienced manipulation through gendered stereotypes of abuse. (4) They felt it was different because they were men. The participants within this study were often deeply affected by the abuse they had experienced. Previous research has found male abusers use societal structures and norms to enable their abuse. The participants in this study felt that their female abusers were equally adept doing this, although the mechanisms were different. Further research should look at the processes by which abusers of either gender control and abuse their victims.

The Effect of Matrix Method on Anxiety and Attitude Toward Methamphetamine and Crack Abuse in Males Referring to Addiction Treatment Centers in Tonkabon, Iran

Background Drug abuse is a major problem in the communities and has many harmful effects on human body..Objectives The current study aimed to compare the efficacy of matrix method on anxiety and attitude of male crack abusers referred to addiction treatment centers in Tonkabon, Iran, in 2014..Patients and Methods The current semi -experimental study included 1,000 males referred to addiction treatment centers in Tonkabon with crack abuse history in 2014. Based on Morgan sample volume formula, 278 males with anxiety and higher attitude to drug abuse were randomly selected from 1,000 males referred to addiction treatment centers in Tonkabon. Then, 30 subjects were reselected out of them and equally assigned into two groups of experimental and control, 15 subjects in each group. The experimental group received 24 sessions of 30 - 60 minutes matrix treatment method in group, but the control group received no training. At the end of training period the post-test was carried out. The research findings confirmed the efficacy of matrix method on anxiety and attitude to crack abuse among those referring to the addition treatment center..Results The single covariance analysis of ANCOVA indicated that the value of Eta about 72% of variance of anxiety variable and about 76% of variance of drug abuse variable are taken in to account for variable of group. The intervention was effective in reducing anxiety and attitude to crack in males. Evaluating the adjusted mean showed the effectiveness of matrix method on anxiety and attitude to crack abuse in males..Conclusions The research result showed that matrix method affected the reduction of methamphetamine and attitude to crack abuse in males referred to the addition treatment center..

Biased Perception of Mean Emotion in Abstinent Heroin Abusers

Although evidence suggests that drug abusers exhibit biases when coding individual emotional facial expressions, little is known about how they process multiple expressions simultaneously. The present study evaluated the mean emotions perceived by abstinent heroin abusers. Male abstinent heroin abusers (AHs) and healthy controls (HCs) were randomly assigned into three emotional conditions (happy, sad, or angry), viewed sets of four faces (Experiment 1) or individual faces (Experiment 2) that varied in emotionality (neutral to happy/sad/angry), and judged whether a test face presented later was more/less emotional than the preceding stimuli. Average points of subjective equality were calculated to reflect participants’ biases in perceiving emotions of sets or single faces. Relative to HCs, AHs overestimated mean emotions for sad and angry faces in Experiment 1; however, no such biases were found in Experiment 2. This suggests biased ensemble coding towards negative emotional facial expressions in AHs. Furthermore, when controlling for depression and anxiety, AHs’ enhanced perception of mean emotion for angry or sad faces in Experiment 1 decreased, indicating a possible mediating effect of these psychopathological variables in the relationship between drug addiction history and abnormal ensemble processing for sets of emotional expressions.

Responding to Men’s Violence Against Women Partners in Post-apartheid South Africa: On the Necessity of Identification Across Identity’s Intersections

Despite a body of work on male perpetrators experiences of intervention programmes, little is known about the intersubjective aspects of the relationships between counsellors and perpetrators. This article explores the intervention context as a social encounter, in which the identities of both parties are implicated, drawing on qualitative interviews with counsellors. We show how social identifications such as age, gender, race and class intersect to produce different possibilities for counsellors and clients, but also how identification involves more than just social similarity. We suggest that a responsive response to counselling male abusers may mean the recognition of the importance of identification across and through social similarity but it may also mean working through psychic identification to overcome difference in the counselling encounter.

Criminal Behaviour, Substance Abuse and Sexual Practices of South African Adolescent Males

AbstractCrime, alcohol abuse and unhealthy sexual practices among adolescent males have reached alarming proportion. Youth reared by uninvolved and unemployed parents, or nurtured in dysfunctional ...

Intimate partner emotional abuse and post traumatic stress disorder among males

Objectives: The emotional abuse of men by their partners has been acknowledged as an important form of partner abuse in domestic violence research. There is dearth of psychological research on alleged emotional abuse of males by their intimate partners. Methodology: The sample comprised of 150 heterosexual males (equal number of married and unmarried) in an intimate relationship aged 18-35 years. Emotional Abuse Questionnaire (EAQ; Gottman & Gottman, 2009) and Impact of Event Scale (Weiss & Marmar, 1997) were used. Results: Analysis of data showed that the intimate partner emotional abuse and PTSD were significantly correlated in both groups of males. The participants who were unmarried reported higher PTSD symptoms and emotional abuse than married men. Conclusion: Men who alleged to be the victims of intimate partner emotional abuse had higher symptoms of PTSD.

Consequences of Drug Abuse among Female and Male Population of Karachi: A Statistical Surveyed Approach

Drugs are chemicals. Different drugs, because of their chemical structures, can affect the body in different ways. The most obvious effects of drug abuse which are manifested in the individuals include ill health, sickness and ultimately, death. The social life is also not spared by the hazardous impacts of the problem. Whereas the load at health department is increased, rise in crime rate is also a perilous effect faced by the society related to the growth of abusers in the country. The following study highlights the different effects that can influence male and female drug abusers to get rid of their drug misuse habits. Abusers age, level of awareness about drugs adverse effects, their encounters to health ailments including the life threatening infection HIV, and involvement in crimes were included in the survey which was carried out in Karachi in order to assess the magnitude of this problem.

Hur gick det för 1960- och 1970-talets svenska narkotikamissbrukare?

What happened to the Swedish problem drug users of the 1960's and 1970's? AimS &amp; DESIGN – In this study we follow a Stockholm birth cohort born in 1953 (n= 14 294) from youth to middle age. The cohort members were in their teenage years when drug abuse was established as a considerable threat to Swedish society and some of the cohort members themselves became drug abusers (n=431). Results – As expected, life became dramatically worse for those with documented drug abuse when young, than for the rest of the cohort members. While 72 percent of those without documented drug abuse were socially included at the age of 56, the corresponding share among those with documented drug abuse was 18 per cent. And while 5 percent in the former group were diseased at 56, this was true for 38 percent in the latter group. Supplementary analyses showed that social inclusion was also less stable among those with documented drug abuse than among the rest of the cohort, and that the flow from exclusion to inclusion was virtually nonexistent, which was not the case for those without experience of drug abuse. Conclusions – Gender specific analyses showed that the situation, at least in absolute terms, tended to be even worse for male drug abusers than for women. Gender differences in alcohol abuse, criminality, and with respect to parenthood are suggested as possible explanations to be further studied in future research.

Childhood Maltreatment, Depression, and Suicidal Ideation: Critical Importance of Parental and Peer Emotional Abuse during Developmental Sensitive Periods in Males and Females.

Background: The adverse childhood experience (ACE) study found that risk for depression increased as a function of number of types of childhood maltreatment, and interpret this as a result of cumulative stress. An alternative hypothesis is that risk depends on type and timing of maltreatment. This will also present as a linear increase, since exposure to more types of abuse increases likelihood of experiencing a critical type of abuse at a critical age.Methods: 560 (223M/337F) young adults (18–25 years) were recruited from the community without regard to diagnosis and balanced to have equal exposure to 0–4 plus types of maltreatment. The Maltreatment and Abuse Chronology of Exposure Scale assessed severity of exposure to 10 types of maltreatment across each year of childhood. Major depressive disorder (MDD) and current symptoms were evaluated by SCID, interview, and self-report. Predictive analytics assessed importance of exposure at each age and evaluated whether exposure at one or two ages was a more important predictor than number, severity, or duration of maltreatment across childhood.Results: The most important predictors of lifetime history of MDD were non-verbal emotional abuse in males and peer emotional abuse (EA) in females at 14 years of age, and these were more important predictors across models than number of types of maltreatment (males: t9 = 16.39, p < 10-7; females t9 = 5.78, p < 10-4). Suicidal ideation was predicted, in part, by NVEA and peer EA at age 14, but most importantly by parental verbal abuse at age 5 in males and sexual abuse at age 18 in females.Conclusion: This study provides evidence for sensitive exposure periods when maltreatment maximally impacts risk for depression, and provides an alternative interpretation of the ACE study results. These findings fit with emerging neuroimaging evidence for regional sensitivity periods. The presence of sensitive exposure periods has important implications for prevention, preemption, and treatment of MDD.

Negotiating Masculinity, Violence, and Responsibility: A Situational Analysis of Young Nicaraguan Men’s Discourses on Intimate Partner and Sexual Violence

This situational analysis study aims to explore the discourses that young Nicaraguan men use in their understanding of male intimate partner violence (IPV) and sexual abuse toward women. Six urban and 8 rural focus group discussions including 91 men were conducted. Positional maps were used to articulate the positions taken in the data within 2 continuums of variation representing men’s reasoning around control over women and men’s responsibility for IPV and sexual abuse (SA). Nicaraguan men’s discourses ranged from challenging gender inequality, IPV, and SA to supporting the patriarchal gender order. A key finding shows that a discourse supporting gender equality and men’s full responsibility for IPV and SA is fighting to achieve recognition in this setting.

Counselor Attitudes of Effectiveness with Sexually Abused Men.

There is a shortage of research about sexually abused men. Even less research exists about helping professionals that treat them. This study offers a window into counselors' attitudes and beliefs of effectiveness with sexually abused men. Findings from a conjoint analysis indicate a need for more male specific sexual abuse training, more direct therapeutic experience with sexually abused men, more male counselors, and more counselors with an awareness of a personal sexual abuse history. The resulting factor ordering of counselor attitudes of effectiveness is a preliminary guide to institute training and practices for professionals who work with sexually abused men.

Türkiye’nin iki farklı coğrafik bölgesinde yaşayan cinsel istismar mağdurların sosyodemografik ve istismara ait özelliklerin karşılaştırılması

Objective: The aim of this study is to compare the sociodemographic and abuse-related data of the children who have presented to the Antalya and Diyarbakir University hospitals due to sexual abuse. Method: The patient files of 172 children between the ages of 4-17 presented to the Akdeniz University, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Health and Diseases (CAPHD) Clinic within the year 2010, and of 167 children between the ages of 4-17 presented to the Dicle University CAPHD Clinic during the year 2012 were scanned and the sociodemographic and abuse-related data of the patients were recorded. Results: In the Diyarbakir group, the total years of education of the child, the total years of education of the mother, and the total years of education of the father were significantly lower, while the mean number of the siblings was significantly higher. The number of the male abuse survivors in the Diyarbakir group was significantly higher. The family structure where the parents are alive and living together was significantly more frequent in the Diyarbakir group. No difference in terms of the occurrence of penetration and relationship with the abuser was observed between the groups. Conclusion: Within the framework of this study, the characteristics of the survivors of abuse between two socioculturally, economically and ethnically different regions of Turkey (the Mediterranean region and the south-east Anatolian region) have been investigated. This study has demonstrated that some of the sociodemographic and abuse-related characteristics of sexual abuse in Turkey differs between these regions. We are of the opinion that efforts to prevent sexual abuse should be restructured in the light of these results. For instance, prevention of child labour, increasing the literacy rate of the individuals and promoting family planning efforts in south-east Anatolia should be the primary focus of these efforts.

Domestic violence against elderly with disability

Abuse against elders with disabilities is a growing problem as the world population ages. Though they require mandatory reporting, these cases are most frequently not detected or not reported by health professionals for a variety of reasons, including the difficulty of making an accurate diagnosis. By performing a retrospective analysis of alleged domestic violence cases against elders with moderate or severe disability, presented to medical forensic examination at the North Branch of the National Institute of Legal Medicine and Forensic Sciences of Portugal, in Porto, between 2005 and 2013 (n = 70), we aimed to improve our knowledge of some demographic and forensic characteristics of these cases as well as improve their detection and prevention. The most frequently reported type of abuse was physical (86%), allegedly perpetrated by male abusers (63%) living with their victims (90%), who were most commonly their children (47%) or partners (49%; when victims are married). The victims were most frequently female (63%) who had motor disabilities (49%) and presented a history of previous episodes of abuse in 74% of cases; however, only 28% were previously reported. The physical consequences were most frequently minor injuries (95%) with permanent consequences (scars) in only 6.8% of the cases. The injuries were multiple in the majority of the cases (64%), and the preferred locations were the head and neck (75%). Elderly females with motor disabilities appear to have a greatest risk of domestic violence, which translates, most frequently, into multiple injuries that are mainly in the head and neck.

Comunidades terapêuticas para dependentes de substâncias psicoativas: avaliação dos resultados do tratamento

The therapeutic community (TC) is a treatment modality for substance abusers applied in Brazil. However, there are few academic studies of its contributions and limitations, in order to improve the care quality. The objective of the study was to investigate psychological profile changes of patients from a TC, who were assessed in the beginning and in the end of treatment. The participants (seven crack, cocaine and alcohol male abusers) were assessed using a semi?structured interview guide, the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (improved readability form – MMPI?IRF) and the Thematic Apperception Test. The results show improvements in psychological functioning in different degrees for two subgroups of participants in the end of treatment, in terms of their personality structure type. This variable seems to mediate the introjection’s quality of the experiences during the treatment. Keywords: therapeutic communities; treatment effectiveness assessment; drug (abuse); Thematic Apperception Test; Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory.

A Child Sexual Abuse Research Project: A Brief Endnote

There is a dearth of research on sexual abuse perpetrated by educators. Although the problem is receiving increasing attention, little emphasis has been placed on abuse directed at younger schoolchildren and on offenders’ accounts of this form of abuse. Here, we attempt to address this gap in knowledge by exploring the narratives of five convicted, imprisoned male child sexual abusers, each of whom worked with children in educational settings in the United Kingdom. We draw on four themes that emerged from detailed interviews with offenders, namely: the power of reputation, authority and control, the “front of invulnerability,” and disclosure of abuse. We conclude by considering the implications of our work for policy and practice.

O14: Alcohol consumption vs. hair EtG concentration in alcohol dependent individuals: Role of gender differences

Introduction Ethyl glucuronide (EtG), a minor alcohol metabolite, accumulates in hair and is proposed as a stable marker for the detection of excessive alcohol consumption above a cut-off level of 30 pg/mg hair. A correlation between drinking behavior and EtG hair concentrations is observed, but variability exists, which could partially be explained by gender differences. Aims To investigate (1) the correlation between alcohol consumption and hair EtG in alcohol dependent patients, and (2) the effect of gender differences on this correlation. Methods The first 0–3 cm hair segments were analyzed using gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) in negative ion chemical ionization (NICI) mode. Detailed retrospective alcohol consumption was obtained on a day per day basis over the last 3 months using the Timeline Follow Back Interview in alcohol dependent individuals starting an alcohol detoxification program. Results Thirty-six Caucasian alcohol dependent individuals (25 males/11 females; mean age 45 ± 8 years; mean BMI 25 ± 6) participated. Median alcohol consumption over the last three months (90 days) was 13050 g alcohol (range 65 – 650 g alcohol/ day). Hair EtG concentrations varied between 32 pg/mg hair and 662 pg/mg hair. There was a good linear and positive correlation between hair EtG and the amounts of alcohol consumed (Pearson r = 0.83; p r = 0.82; p r = 0.78; p = 0.005). Conclusions Our data confirm the good linear correlation between hair EtG and amounts of alcohol consumed, extending findings to alcohol dependent individuals. Additionally, we show that gender differences do not play a crucial role in the interpretation of hair EtG values for evaluating the amounts of alcohol consumed. As a result, no separate cut-off values are necessary for male and female alcohol abusers. These findings should be replicated in recreational alcohol consumers to assess possible gender differences in the interpretation of lower hair EtG values.

Genetic and Family and Community Environmental Effects on Drug Abuse in Adolescence: A Swedish National Twin and Sibling Study

Using Swedish nationwide registry data, the authors investigated genetic and environmental risk factors in the etiology of drug abuse by twin sibling modeling. The authors followed up with epidemiological analyses to identify shared environmental influences on drug abuse. Drug abuse was defined using public medical, legal, or pharmacy records. Twin and sibling pairs were obtained from the national twin and genealogical registers. Information about sibling pair residence within the same household, small residential area, or municipality was obtained from Statistics Sweden. The authors predicted concordance for drug abuse by years of co-residence until the older sibling turned 21 and risk for future drug abuse in adolescents living with parental figures as a function of family-level socioeconomic status and neighborhood social deprivation. The best twin sibling fit model predicted substantial heritability for drug abuse in males (55%) and females (73%), with environmental factors shared by siblings operating only in males and accounting for 23% of the variance in liability. For each year of living in the same household, the probability of sibling concordance for drug abuse increased 2%-5%. When not residing in the same household, concordance was predicted from residence in the same small residential area or municipality. Risk for drug abuse was predicted both by family socioeconomic status and neighborhood social deprivation. Controlling for family socioeconomic status, each year of living in a high social deprivation neighborhood increased the risk for drug abuse by 2%. Using objective registry data, the authors found that drug abuse is highly heritable. A substantial proportion of the shared environmental effect on drug abuse comes from community-wide rather than household-level influences. Genetic effects demonstrated in twin studies have led to molecular analyses to elucidate biological pathways. In a parallel manner, environmental effects can be followed up by epidemiological studies to clarify social mechanisms.

Women convicted of a sexual offence, including child pornography production: Two case reports

All available studies addressing the clinical and legal aspects of child pornography have systematically concerned male abusers. The social lens through which women are viewed tends to play down their responsibility in the sexual abuse of children. Unlike men, women rarely abuse children outside the close or family circle. Furthermore, they have frequently been abused themselves in their childhood. To our knowledge, no cases of women charged with sex-related offences, including child pornography, have been described in the literature. The psychopathological characteristics of female sexual abusers and of the two women in our cases tend to suggest that the deliberate downloading of child pornography images by women is unusual, as their deviant behaviour is not related to paedophile sexual arousal It is hypothesized that the act enables women perpetrators to satisfy the sexual urges of their spouse. Sexual abuse by women exists, but the nature of the abuse appears to be specific to the gender of the perpetrator. We present two cases of women charged with sexual offences concerning minors, including the production of child pornography material.

Variables Associated with Drug and Alcohol Abuse among Male and Female users with Severe Mental Disorders

Objectives: According to current literature, the most reliable variables associated with substance abuse are sociodemographic variables, mainly gender. Based on longitudinal research and a comprehensive framework, this study aimed to determine variables associated with substance abuse among users with severe mental disorders and between males and females of this general sample. Methods: A cohort of 297 users with severe mental disorders was interviewed after an 18-month follow-up period. A hierarchical linear regression analysis was carried out using five blocks of independent variables at baseline (sociodemographic, clinical, needs and functionality, negative life events, social support). Two additional models were built to separately assess variables associated with substance abuse in males and females, using multiple linear regression analysis. Results: Drug and alcohol abuse among users with severe mental disorders was associated with being non-French speaking, younger, male, a resident in autonomous housing, or an individual with less functionality and high severity of needs. Seven variables were associated with substance abuse among females while nine variables were independently associated with substance abuse among males. Conclusion: The results confirm that socio-demographic variables are the most important variables associated with substance abuse among users with severe mental disorders. Language (being non-French-speaking) was the most important variable associated with substance abuse among users with severe mental disorders, and the only variable common to both males and females. These results suggest that mental health services need to pay special attention to certain linguistic minorities that are more likely to experience substance abuse issues.