Malaysia Airlines Research Articles

Emotions in Social Media: An Analysis of Tweet Responses to MH370 Search Suspension Announcement

Considered one of the deadliest incidents in the history of aviation crises and labelled a “continuing mystery,” the ongoing search for the missing Malaysia Airlines Flight 370 offers no closure. With endless media attention, and negative reactions of stakeholders to every decision made by the airline, this study investigates the types of emotions found in social media posted by publics to the MH370 search suspension announcement. It content analyzed 5,062 real-time tweet messages guided by the revised integrated crisis mapping model. Our findings indicated that, in addition to the four original emotions posited, there was a fifth emotion because of the long-drawn crisis and only two dominant emotions were similar to the model. A redrawn version to better encapsulate all the emotions is offered for one quadrant in the model. Implications for both crisis communication scholarship and the importance of social listening for organizations are discussed.

THE CASE STUDY OF EMERGENCY RESPONSE PLAN (ERP) IMPLEMENTATION DURING THE MALAYSIA AIRLINES FLIGHT MH370 DISAPPEARANCE

The unsolved mystery on the disappearance of Malaysia Airlines (MAS) Flight MH370 has been one of the most highly discussed air crashed incidents in recent times. The doomed flight was en route from Kuala Lumpur to Beijing with a total of 239 people on board. Even after years of investigation and searching efforts that ended recently, investigators have not been able to identify the reason that led to the deviation from its original route shortly after taking off. Accordingly, this case study evaluates the implementation of Malaysia Airlines’ Emergency Response Plan (ERP) in handling the incident, particularly in the early crucial weeks. The data were collected from the ERP practices retrieved from several articles, reports, and journals; and they were analyzed by using a qualitative case study methodology. This study hypothesizes that there were a number of loopholes that led to an ineffective implementation of Malaysia Airlines (MAS)’ ERP steered by the Emergency Response Team (ERT) and Malaysian authorities; that was further worsened by both internal and external crisis elements ranging from unverified information to the shortcomings in the Search and Rescue (SAR) operation conducted.

Responsibility of the Russian Federation for Shooting Down a Malaysian Passenger Aircraft on 17th July 2014

On 17 July 2014, Malaysia Airlines Flight MH17 from Amsterdam to Kuala Lumpur was shot down over Eastern Ukraine. On board Boeing 777 there were 283 passengers and 15 crew members who all lost their lives. The victims’ families and the states whose citizens were lost now seek remedies from those that are responsible for this tragedy. This paper discusses the incident of MH17 which took place in Western Ukraine. This paper uses the analytical approach method applied in legal research with the aims of answering the question presented in the paper. The MH17 incident also brings us many international legal issues, therefore it was necessary to examine the challenges of holding persons responsible for the MH17 tragedy and especially the supplier of the anti-aircraft missile that was used. It then considers international law’s capacity for preventing recurrences of this tragedy by constraining non-state actors’ access to anti-aircraft missiles. Under the doctrine of state responsibility, the Netherlands and/or Malaysia may be able to bring a case before the ICJ for violations of international law and internationally wrongful acts attributable to Russia and/or Ukraine. It seems that that Russia and Ukraine may have violated their obligations under the civil aviation conventions to communicate information, to investigate the situation and allegations against potential perpetrators, and to prosecute or extradite those that may be responsible. One of the two conclusions that could be drawn upon this paper is that not only Russia could be held responsible but also Ukraine is partly accountable for the tragedy. Based on both national and international legislation, it can be argued that Ukraine has a duty to protect foreigners legally passing through its airspace, which could form the legal ground for a case in Ukraine against the state. Second, a civil suit against the airlines could be brought before a court in several states based on Chicago and Montreal Conventions.

Unraveling Disinformation: The Case of Malaysia Airlines Flight MH17

ABSTRACTDisinformation has become an important aspect within today’s security environment. However, despite the burgeoning literature on the topic, only few studies deconstruct the concept of disinformation by making use of empirical evidence. This article intends to contribute to our understanding of disinformation, by analyzing the numerous deceptive messages that were spread in the aftermath of Malaysia Airlines flight MH17, that crashed in the summer of 2014 in eastern Ukraine. More specifically the article emphasizes what kind of deceptive messages were being disseminated, what the strategic narrative was behind these messages, what deception mechanisms were used, what communication channels were used to disseminate the messages and finally what effects these messages had.To do this, the article draws upon investigative research done by the Bellingcat collective as well as on an analysis of numerous newspaper articles, videos and web-blogs. The paper concludes with a plea for more evidence-based research to further unravel the concept of disinformation and the effects it has.

Tanggung Jawab Negara terhadap Penembakan Pesawat MH17 berdasarkan Hukum Internasional

The purpose this research were to find out and analyze the form of the State of Ukraina accountability in shooting MH17 Malaysia Air Lines aircraft and knowing and analyzing the accountability of MH17 Malaysia Air Lines airliners to passengers. The type of research used is a type of normative legal research, the approach in this study is the law approach, case approach, and historical approach, the sources of legal material used are primary, secondary and tertiary legal materials. Legal material collection techniques used with document study techniques and legal materials are evaluated, interpreted, argued and discussed descriptively. The results of the study show (1) the responsibility of the Ukraina for Malaysia Air Lines MH17 Aircraft Shooting that the State of Ukraina must be responsible for providing safety and security services for the sovereignty of the air space over its territory by Malaysia Air Lines MH17 in the form of flight navigation services, (2) The Malaysia Airlines airline must be limited to 100,000 SDR for each passenger and Malaysia Airlines. The airline cannot be subject to unlimited liability or exceed 100,000 SDR. Every country is expected to always supervise the airspace which is the sovereignty of the airspace above which becomes the international civil aviation route and to coordinate well with the ICAO (International Civil Aviation Organozation) to maintain the security of international civil aviation.

Studying Management Issue Faced by Malaysian Airlines System Sdn. Bhd.

In facing the challenging business world, including in the aviation industry, Malaysian Airlines System Sdn. Bhd. had come through the ups and downs of the turbulence economy, since 1st May 1947. For the last few years, Malaysian Airlines System Sdn. Bhd. had faced a lot of challenges in managements, operations and financial problems. Our research findings will be focused on the management issue faced by Malaysian Airlines System Sdn. Bhd. and suggesting the best solution academically for this company. Moreover, our research reflects that even the management problem had been solved, there are still several uncontrollable external issues that will haunt the company such as the financial uncertainties. Not to mention that the performance will be greatly affected by the foreign exchange and laws implementation by foreign countries because Malaysia Airlines operates in other countries too. Lastly, our research reflects that if the management problems had been solved, their performance should be better in terms of daily operation management and financial management.

Malaysia Airlines Berhad

MAS Airlines was branded as Malaysia Airlines and known as the second big airlines' company in Malaysia. We choose MAS Airlines as our targeted company in this project due to the huge information can be accessed on the Internet and the issues that go through by MAS Airlines in this few years. We have accessed the current issue faced by our targeted company, MAS Airlines. According to our research, we found out that the company is having difficulties in competing with the competitors, facing unprofitability and failed to turnover and managing its technical capacity. Problems identified were flight MH001, an Airbus from London to Malaysia which forced to turn back more than an hour, MH134 which returned to Brisbane due to misplacement of plastic covers and the emergency landing of MH122. We followed our findings by investigating the reasons for those tragedies from happening. Since the airline had undergone top management handover, the company is obviously struggling with staff engagement. From a factual perspective, the airline is currently experiencing losses continuously for 3 years which ended up with dramatic RM1 billion losses when implementing a restructuring plan. High operation expenditure such as excessive high salary paid to top management is believed to be the dominating cause. Besides, extreme cash outflow due to the purchase of an aircraft was also regarded as a bad investment. MAS Airlines should be reconstructed and rebuilt after going through some critical issues in order to back to the top status as before by conducting the effective policies.

The role of event relevance and congruence to social groups in flashbulb memory formation

ABSTRACTFlashbulb memories are vivid, confidently held, long-lasting memories for the personal circumstances of learning about an important event. Importance is determined, in part, by social group membership. Events that are relevant to one’s social group, and furthermore, are congruent with the prior beliefs of that group, should be more likely to be retained as flashbulb memories. The Fukushima nuclear disaster was relevant to ongoing political conversations in both Germany and the Netherlands, but, while the disaster was congruent with German beliefs about the dangers of nuclear energy, it was incongruent with Dutch support for nuclear power. Danish participants would not have found the disaster to be particularly relevant. Partially consistent with this prediction, across two samples (N = 265 and N = 518), German participants were most likely to have flashbulb memories for the Fukushima disaster. Furthermore, event features thought to be related to flashbulb memory formation (e.g. ratings of importance and consequentiality) also differed as a function of nationality. Spontaneously generated flashbulb memories for events other than Fukushima also suggested that participants reported events that were relevant to national identity (e.g. the Munich attacks for Germans, the Utøya massacre for Danes, and Malaysian Airlines flight MH-17 for Dutch participants).

The language of suffering: Media discourse and public attitudes towards the MH17 air tragedy in Malaysia and the UK

‘If it bleeds, it leads’, events characterised by fatalities, are likely to attract high levels of media coverage. This study adopts a multidisciplinary approach to investigate public discourses on the MH17 tragedy in Malaysia and the United Kingdom. First, corpus-based discourse analysis was employed to explore the construction of the Malaysian Airlines tragedy MH17 in four selected Malaysian and British newspapers. In addition, an attitudinal study examining 50 Malaysian and 50 UK nationals’ perceptions of the tragedy was conducted. Keywords analysis revealed an overall tendency for the news media to construct the air tragedy through classifications between ‘us’ and ‘others’. Specifically, important ‘Us’ (Malaysian elites) and non-important ‘Other’ (non-Malaysian) in the Malaysian newspapers, versus good ‘Us’ (the West) and evil ‘Others’ (Russia) in the British newspapers. The attitudinal analysis shows, for both the Malaysian and the UK respondents, the most salient associations with the MH17 tragedy related to ‘ conflicts’.

Optimism and attribution about uncertain events: What happened to missing flight MH370?

This study examines how individual optimism affects attributions about uncertain phenomena. Using a motivated reasoning lens, we theorize that optimism drives people to overestimate the effectiveness of measures meant to prevent accidents. We tested this theory with two studies. The first study assessed attributions about Malaysian Airlines flight MH370 immediately following its disappearance. Individual optimism positively related to the perceived likelihood of an unpredictable explanation, a mentally unstable pilot, and negatively related to the likelihood of mechanical failure. The second study examined attributions about the causes of a hypothetical car crash, finding optimism positively related to preventable factors under the control of drivers. Optimists overestimate their own agency (in the car crash scenario) for promoting safety and the infallibility of institutional systems (airplane disappearance).

Strategies for simulating the drift of marine debris

ABSTRACT Modelling the drift of marine debris in quasi-real time can be of societal relevance. One pertinent example is Malaysia Airlines flight MH370. The aircraft is assumed to have crashed in the Indian Ocean, leaving floating wreckage to drift on the surface. Some of these items were recovered around the western Indian Ocean. We use ocean currents simulated by an operational ocean model in conjunction with surface Stokes drift to determine the possible paths taken by the debris. We consider: (1) How important is the influence of surface waves on the drift? (2) What are the relative benefits of forward- and backward-tracking in time? (3) Does including information from more items refine the most probable crash-site region? Our results highlight a critical contribution of Stokes drift and emphasise the need to know precisely the buoyancy characteristics of the items. The differences between the tracking approaches provide a measure of uncertainty which can be minimised by simulating a sufficiently large number of virtual debris. Given the uncertainties associated with the timings of the debris sightings, we show that at least 5 items are required to achieve an optimal most probable crash-site region. The results have implications for other drift simulation applications.

Markov-chain-inspired search for MH370.

Markov-chain models are constructed for the probabilistic description of the drift of marine debris from Malaysian Airlines flight MH370. En route from Kuala Lumpur to Beijing, MH370 mysteriously disappeared in the southeastern Indian Ocean on 8 March 2014, somewhere along the arc of the 7th ping ring around the Inmarsat-3F1 satellite position when the airplane lost contact. The models are obtained by discretizing the motion of undrogued satellite-tracked surface drifting buoys from the global historical data bank. A spectral analysis, Bayesian estimation, and the computation of most probable paths between the Inmarsat arc and confirmed airplane debris beaching sites are shown to constrain the crash site, near 25°S on the Inmarsat arc.

Social Actor Representation of the Missing Malaysia Airlines Flight MH370 in the Malaysian and Foreign News Reports: A Critical Discourse Analysis

The objective of this study is to examine the linguistic representation of social actors in the selected Malaysian and foreign news reports on the circulated event of the missing MAS flight MH370. Despite extensive studies of news discourse, less attention is paid on how news event are speculated and the extent the social actors are relegated. Hence, the study explores the role of newspaper editorials in promoting stereotypical depictions through the representation of self- and other- in their reporting of the MH370 tragedy. The study retrieved a total of fifty (50) news reports of the missing MAS flight MH370 incident from ten news press, twenty-five (25) published by five local (Malaysian) English newsagents: The Star, New Straits Times, Sun Daily, Malaysian Insider and Malaysiakini, and twenty-five (25) others from five foreign newsagents: Daily Mail (UK), The Guardian (UK), Washington Post, New York Times and USA Today. The corpora were collected from March 8, 2014, to November 5, 2014, and analysed using Van Dijk’s (1998) Ideological Square framework, as well as Reisigl and Wodak (2000) Discursive Strategies. The analysis of this study discovers evidence of the “intergroup bias” made by the selected news press in representing the MH370 social actors. The selected news press displays an overt preference for own group and obvious demotion of the other group. The study also reveals the occurrence of lexicalization of the ‘other’ in the foreign news reports indicating positive representation of their in-group and exhibiting apparent disapproval of the actions by the out-group. On the other hand, the analysis also reveals an impartial representation of the MH370 social actor by the local news press both for in-group and out-group.

The Impact of Disaster of a National Airline on the Nation’s Tourism: An Empirical Investigation

This study contributes to the area of tourism research by investigating the process by which the air disaster of a national airline affects tourists’ attitude and intention to fly the airline as well as attitude and intention to visit the country. A survey with potential Chinese tourists on visiting Malaysia and flying Malaysia Airlines was conducted. Results show that intention to visit Malaysia is positively affected by attitude toward visiting Malaysia and intention to fly Malaysia Airlines. Attitude toward visiting Malaysia is positively affected by attitude toward flying Malaysia Airlines and negatively by perceived risk of visiting Malaysia. Perceived risk of visiting Malaysia is, in turn, negatively affected by subjective knowledge about Malaysia and attitude toward flying Malaysia Airlines, and positively by perceived risk of flying Malaysia Airlines. Intention to fly Malaysia Airlines, on the other hand, is positively affected by attitude toward flying Malaysia Airlines. Attitude toward flying Malaysia Airlines is negatively affected by perceived risk of flying Malaysia Airlines, which is, in turn, positively affected by usefulness of (negative) public opinion. The theoretical contribution, managerial implications, limitations, and future research direction are also discussed.

Integrated Marketing Communication (IMC) and Malaysian Airlines Restoration Project

The Integrated Marketing Communications concept refers to the process of managing customer relationships by means of utilising various communications channels and agencies necessary to increase the respective brand’s value. Several definitions that are more complicated have been presented in this regard as well. The Malaysian Airlines is one of the world’s both famous and infamous airline companies. The potential relevance of the IMC for the Malaysian Airlines consists in the former’s capacity to be used in order to strengthen the tarnished corporate image.

Competition and profits in the airline industry: the case of AirAsia and Malaysia Airlines

This case study examines the revenue and profitability of two competing airline companies - AirAsia (a low-cost carrier) and Malaysia Airlines (a legacy carrier) - over the period 2001 to 2013. After AirAsia entered the market, the revenue passenger kilometre and available seat kilometre of Malaysia Airlines declined in the mid-period (2005-2009). AirAsia had an increasing trend of revenue passenger kilometre and available seat kilometre over time, suggesting the successful strategy of a low-cost carrier. AirAsia had higher return on equity and return on assets than Malaysia Airlines. However, it had lower revenue per available seat kilometre than Malaysia Airlines, probably due to lower fares. The findings indicate that the financial and operating performance of the legacy carrier, Malaysia Airlines was affected by the entry of a low-cost carrier, AirAsia.

Competition and profits in the airline industry: the case of AirAsia and Malaysia Airlines

Competition and profits in the airline industry: the case of AirAsia and Malaysia Airlines

The responsibility of a State in the shooting down of Malaysian Airlines flight MH17

The aim of the article is to discuss the issue of state responsibility in the aspect of the downing of the Malaysian Airlines flight MH17 during military operations in Eastern Ukraine. The subject of the considerations contained in the article is to determine how the state is responsible in the light of international law for this type of action. The authors undertake to prove the thesis that in the light of international law, the state, in addition to liability for voluntary commitments, may be responsible, due to territorial authority, for ensuring that its authorities and persons on its territory comply with other generally applicable rules, such as for example the rules of the non-use of weapons against civil aircraft.

Bones Talking Back: Theology and Public Mourning after the Crash of Flight MH17

In this article I formulate a theological response to the shocking event of the crash of Malaysia Airlines flight 17 (MH17), which was shot down over Eastern Ukraine on 17 July 2014. None of the 298 passengers survived the crash. Moreover, since the plane crashed in territory where separatist militias were involved in an armed conflict with the Ukrainian military, the victims’ bodies could not be removed from the crash site for several days. I address how displays of public grief, such as those in the aftermath of MH17, are embedded in a ‘politics of mourning’ in which feelings of loss and despair are expressed against the backdrop of particular political entanglements and national histories. In the case of MH17, these entanglements included a construction of the civilized Western mourner versus the barbaric Ukrainian separatist who does not know how to properly treat a body. Taking the body as my point of departure and using Mario Aguilar’s notion of a ‘hermeneutics of bones’, I trace some of the ‘past narratives of God and bones’ in the Old Testament. These narratives show that Old Testament accounts of bones testify to the deep notion of human beings as created by God and are therefore a place to locate God in times of despair (e.g. in Job). Moreover, Old Testament renderings of bones can offer the comfort of language and speakability. They show how bones can be a site of ultimate humiliation, but also the site where dignity is restored. I then turn to a more in-depth reading of Rizpah, who in 2 Samuel 21 publicly mourns over the bones of her sons for six months until they receive a proper burial at the hands of King David, thereby changing the power constellations that had led to their deaths in the first place.

Bankruptcy and Corporate Governance: The Impact of Firm Specific Factors and Macroeconomic

The aim of this study is to identify the cause of scandals that faced by Malaysia Airlines Berhad (MAS) in year 2001. One of the causes of this scandals is about corporate scandals. A corporate scandal means that it is involves alleged or actual unethical behavior by people acting within or on behalf of a corporation. Many recent corporate collapses and scandals have involved false or inappropriate accounting of some sort. Besides that, this study was carried out using the secondary data which was obtained from annual report for five years that is from years 1999 until year 2003. Return on asset (ROA) has been as the dependent variable to study its relationship with the independent variables such as Return on equity (ROE), Unemployment rate, Exchange rate, corporate governance index, Tobin Q and Altman Z. The enter method was used to obtain the correlation and regression result to observe significance level of the risk with the profits. And the Altman Z data is used to identify the probability of bankruptcy in this five years because of the scandals that face by MAS. Based on the result attained, the regression result show that the company of MAS might facing the bankruptcy problem in year 2000 until 2002 where the financial performance is low. While the loan of the company is higher. This causes can refers to data of ROA, ROE and Altman Z where the data of Altman Z show that in year 2002 is lower.