Malay Entrepreneurs Research Articles

The Implication of E-Commerce Application in SMEs

This research aims to explore the implication of e-commerce application among Small and Medium (SM) Malay entrepreneurs involved in the Malaysian food and beverage manufacturing industry based on three perspectives: technology, competition, and suppliers. A survey questionnaire was developed following the three variables. Furthermore, a pilot study was conducted to identify the necessary improvements to be made to the instrument. The respondents involved SM Malay entrepreneurs who are e-commerce application users, with a 68.4% response rate. The empirical data were statistically analysed via stepwise multiple regression. Resultantly, the variables of competition and supplier influenced the implication of e-commerce application among SM Malay entrepreneurs.

Determining the Correlation among the Users' Satisfaction and Familiarity with Malay Entrepreneurs Food Delivery Mobile Applications in Malaysia

Determining the Correlation among the Users' Satisfaction and Familiarity with Malay Entrepreneurs Food Delivery Mobile Applications in Malaysia

Equal Opportunities in Rural Tourism Entrepreneurship: Challenges in Malaysia

Summary Malaysia’s rural demography is multi-racial, with a blend of indigenous sub-groups. To advance the socio-economic status of rural communities, the government introduced various incentives and protectionist policies, including targeted measures in tourism development. As rural Malaysia is predominantly home to the Malays, the indigenous Orang Asli and the natives of Sabah and Sarawak, these policies are consistent with the government’s constitutional responsibility to safeguard these groups’ welfare. Notwithstanding the equal opportunity premise of the tourism policies, the government’s initiatives to advance rural tourism entrepreneurship arguably benefit some groups more than others. In West Malaysia, this is due to the indigenous Orang Asli’s lack of entrepreneurial readiness, which means that they are less able to capitalize on these opportunities. Consequently, the Malay entrepreneurs reap the benefits of protectionist policies and government aid, while the Orang Asli lag behind in tourism participation. This is arguably the outcome of a broad-brush approach in capacity building, with limited differentiation between the rural communities. Information © The Author 2024

Malay Entrepreneurs’ Narrative of a Social Network through the Phenomenological Approach

Malay Entrepreneurs’ Narrative of a Social Network through the Phenomenological Approach

Exploring How Religiosity Influences Motivation: Lived Experience of Malay Muslim Entrepreneurs

Survival of entrepreneurs in an increasingly dynamic and complex business environment is difficult. Following this, many studies on entrepreneurial behavior were conducted since it is the main ingredient contributing to the survival of an entrepreneurial venture. Various factors which influence entrepreneurial behavior such attitude and cognitive elements have been largely explored, but they were found as less useful in predicting entrepreneurial behaviors. Thus, scholars have called for the focus on motivation and discovered that religiosity can significantly influence motivation which can drive entrepreneurial behavior. Therefore, using an interpretive phenomenology method, this study examines the lived experiences of how religiosity influences entrepreneurial motivation, contributing to his/her survival in entrepreneurial journey. Based on an in-depth interview with two religious Muslim Malay entrepreneurs, it was found that religiosity does influence entrepreneurial motivation, when the informants held to the beliefs that (1) God is there to help and (2) God is the Sustainer. These beliefs influenced them to regulate their negative emotions and developed optimism. Future research of this kind of study using more participants from different cultures, or different stages of business as well as its impact on performance and well-being would be a fruitful study.

EXAMINING REGULATORY GOVERNANCE: A CASE STUDY OF MALAY MICRO-ENTREPRENEURS IN PENANG, MALAYSIA

This case study investigates regulatory governance and its impact on Malay micro-entrepreneurs in Penang, Malaysia. Regulatory governance encompasses the policies, regulations, and institutional frameworks that govern economic activities, particularly in the context of small-scale entrepreneurship. Focusing on Penang, a dynamic economic hub in Malaysia with a significant Malay micro-enterprise sector, this study explores the regulatory environment and its implications for Malay entrepreneurs. Through qualitative analysis and interviews with micro-entrepreneurs, regulatory authorities, and other stakeholders, the study examines the challenges faced by Malay micro-entrepreneurs in navigating regulatory requirements, accessing resources, and sustaining their businesses. The findings shed light on the complexities of regulatory governance and its influence on entrepreneurship among the Malay community in Penang.

Analyzing the Factors that Influence the Entrepreneur Business Performance of Tourism Destination of Kuala Terengganu City Centre, Malaysia

Tourism in Terengganu deals with attractions, events, and facilities of special interest to tourists, such as Kuala Terengganu City Centre (KTCC). KTCC is a collaboration project between the Terengganu state government and the East-Cost Economic Region Development (ECERD) agency. This project purposely attracts potential foreign investors and upgrades the community's economy and social well-being in rural dan sub-urban areas in Kuala Terengganu. Therefore, this study analyzes the factors that influence the business performance among Malay micro-entrepreneurs in rural and sub-urban areas of Kuala Terengganu. The study utilized four factors, including entrepreneurial competency, financial literacy, innovation, and technology. In this survey research, non-probability has been chosen by using the purposive sampling methods. The data were collected from Malay micro-entrepreneurs operating their business, including the North and South areas of KTCC. The results showed that entrepreneurial competency and technology factors were significantly affected business performance. Meanwhile, the financial literacy and innovation factors were not significantly affected business performance among Malay micro-entrepreneurs. In general, this study's findings indicated that most Malay entrepreneurs are not concerned about the importance of managing their finance and creating innovative products in the competitive areas. Also, KTCC is a project that can benefit those Malay micro-entrepreneurs who wisely grab the opportunities. Therefore, they need to consider other entrepreneurial factors that can further develop their business performance without relying on the government and other stakeholders.

An Exploration on Muslim’s Motivation to Enter the Entrepreneurship

To date, the number of Muslim Bumiputera entrepreneurs, primarily Malay entrepreneurs who set up their own company and engaged in various businesses were increased but their success was far from the target. Hence, the purpose of this article was to identify the motivation that encouraged Muslims to venture into business. This study was a literature study where the researcher used secondary sources from articles, theses and scientific discourses. From the results of the literature study, the researcher found that there were five main factors that motivate Muslims to venture into business which were; Worship (Ibadah), dignity, external traits, economy and unity. When Muslims are motivated to involve in entrepreneurship, they are required to prosper the natural resources with their abilities bestowed by Allah SWT. Therefore, entrepreneurs need to empower themselves with the value skills (additional value) that complement the characteristics of successful entrepreneurs. This is a starting point for the entrepreneurs who are always facing the obstacles and are always ready to compete on the global stage that requires certain skills to sharpen their competence level. This article useful empower more Muslim venture into Business. Keywords: Muamalah, Motivation, Muslim Entrepreneurs, Economy.

Success factors of small and medium enterprises in the Malaysian furniture industry: Discerning the growth of entrepreneurs

Entrepreneurs and small and medium enterprises are the foundation of the Malaysian furniture industry. Yet, in a multi-ethnic society such as Malaysia, the success factors of entrepreneurs and small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in the furniture industry have not been studied. Therefore, this study evaluated the success factors of entrepreneurs of the Malay and Chinese ethnic groups in the furniture industry and discerned the growth trajectory of young entrepreneurs from wood science and technology programs in the furniture industry. A questionnaire-based survey was used with the assistance of relevant trade associations and universities. The results were statistically analyzed to establish the significant differences between the two ethnic groups in their perceived success factors. The results revealed that Malay entrepreneurs pay more attention to political and socio-cultural factors to gain success, whereas Chinese entrepreneurs focus on enhancing their competitiveness to remain viable. Further, young graduates showed a reduced desire to pursue a career in the furniture industry, as they deem it not environmentally sustainable in addition to limited career growth. These results suggested that current entrepreneurship development programs may need to be revised, so as to assist in producing more resilient and successful entrepreneurs in the future in the furniture industry.

Malay Women Entrepreneurs: Do Resilience and Emotional Quotient Contribute towards Business Sustainability During the Economic Crisis?

The main purpose of this study was to identify critical factors that contributed towards business sustainability among Malay women entrepreneurs in Malaysia. The independent variables were resilience and emotional quotient, and the dependent variable was business sustainability. The study focused on Malay women entrepreneurs involved in service sectors such as food service business, tailoring, and others. About 200 questionnaires were distributed randomly to Malay women entrepreneurs in Setapak, Wangsa Maju, Sentul, Keramat, and Kampung Baru. However, only 110 questionnaires were received and 100 were usable for the study. The data was analyzed using the SPSS software to test for reliability of items and relationships between the independent and dependent variables. The findings revealed that there was no relationship between Malay women entrepreneurs’ Emotional Quotient and business sustainability during the economic crisis. Interestingly, there was a positive and significant relationship between EQ and resilience among Malay women entrepreneurs. This implies that Malay women entrepreneurs in Malaysia were highly resilient to ensure that their business was sustained during the economic crisis. Hence, both EQ and resilience of women entrepreneurs need to be enhanced to promote business sustainability during the economic crisis.

TINGKAH LAKU PENIAGA WANITA MELAYU DALAM TALIAN: SOROTAN LITERATUR DAN TEORI

The development of information and communications technology (ICT) has created new opportunities for sharing and gathering of knowledge in society, especially in the field of business. The conversion of conventional businesses to online entities has also introduced positive changes to the business world, especially for female Malay entrepreneurs. Overall, online businesses utilise the Internet to conduct their activities. This article aimed to discuss the development of literature, be it in the form of research, books or articles, and theories with regards to the factors of involvement, successes, failures, challenges and support schemes available for female Malay entrepreneurs. In this study, document analysis using a literary research approach was conducted. Findings revealed that there is a substantial amount of writing, ideas and discussions produced by both scholars and the government on the issue at hand.Keywords: Literature review, theory, involvement factors, success and failure factors, business challenges, role of support schemes, female Malay entrepreneurs.

CAPITAL ACCUMULATION BETWEEN PETRONAS, GOVERNMENT AGENCIES AND BUMIPUTERA ENTREPRENEURS

The foundation of Petroliam Nasional Berhad (PETRONAS) was one way of increasing the bumiputera’s equity. This paved the way to improve the disparity in the Malay social economic conditions with other Malaysian races and subsequently enhanced Malay economic wealth. This article is using qualitative method in exploring how PETRONAS were able to consolidate the interests of bumiputera socio-economic needs which led to the creation of Malay middle class. The finding of the article was the role of PETRONAS in expanding and sharing its business operations and profitability with government agencies and Malay entrepreneurs. The business expansion would be through the rationalization process to other bumiputera companies or the profit sharing measure through inter-capital relationship or inter-skill benefit. Received: 1 March 2019 Reviewed: 2 March 2019 Accepted: 28 December 2019

Entrepreneurial Quality of Tionghoa Ethnicity and Malay Ethnicity: Are There Any Differences?

Objective - This study aims to analyse the differences of entrepreneurial quality between Tionghoa entrepreneurs and Malay entrepreneurs. In this study, quality was measured by the need for achievement, locus of control, risk-taking behaviour, perseverance, independence, creativity, and knowledge. Methodology/Technique - The data in this research was collect using self-report questionnaires which were distributed to 60 Tionghoa respondents and 60 Malay respondents. The data then was then tested using a T-test. Findings - The T-test analysis shows that there are significant differences between Tionghoa entrepreneurs and Malay entrepreneurs. Novelty - This study investigates the differences in entrepreneurial quality between Malay and Tionghoa entrepreneurs in the province of West Kalimantan, Indonesia, whereas previous studies have focused on other countries. Type of Paper: Empirical Keywords: Entrepreneurial Quality; Malay Ethnicity; Thionghoa Ethnicity; Need for Achievement; Locus of Control; Risk-taking; Perseverance; Independence; Creativity; Knowledge. JEL Classification: M10, M19.

The Interactive Effects of Entrepreneurial Orientation, Islamic Values and Business Success: A Conceptual Study

It is undeniable, the Small and Medium Enterprises help much in boosting the economic growth in many countries. Hence, many scholars have studied on its success factors throughout different perspectives, including Entrepreneurial Orientation, Islamic values and business success. However, past studies revealed contradictory results on EO and business success relationship. Furthermore, limited empirical studies on the effect of Islamic values were found in the context of SMEs especially the Malay entrepreneurs. Accordingly, this study aims to examine the interactive effects of EO on business success with the integration of moderation effects of Islamic values of Trustworthiness (Amanah), Truthfulness (Siddiq), Communicative (Tabligh) and Wisdom (Fathonah). Besides, this study will contribute to the selected theories of Islamic Leadership Theory and Human Capital Theory. The development of the theoretical model is expected to shed a new light of the constructs under reviewed and would elevate the business success among Malays SMEs.

Adoption of Islamic Business Ethics among Malay Entrepreneurs in Terengganu: An Insight from Qualitative Approach

Adoption of Islamic Business Ethics among Malay Entrepreneurs in Terengganu: An Insight from Qualitative Approach

Entrepreneurship as worship: A Malay Muslim perspective

AbstractWhile Islam is the second largest religion in the world with 1.6 billion Muslims, there are variations in the interpretations of that law (i.e., Sharia). This diversity and variation may hold the key in explaining the different behaviours among Muslim entrepreneurs because of their views on the concept of work as worship. In this study, we examine how Malay entrepreneurs are guided in their sourcing and shaping of entrepreneurial opportunities through Shafii practice. Our contributions include identifying five central values that guided the participant’s sourcing of opportunities: Fardhu Kifayah (communal obligation), Wasatiyyah (balanced), Dakwah1 (the call of joining the good and forbidding the bad), Amanah (trust), and Barakah (blessings). We also contribute to the entrepreneurship literature by demonstrating how these macro-level values of worship gave the entrepreneurs confidence in creating their new ventures.

Business Lures Employed by Malay Kelantanese Entrepreneurs

The foundation of a successful business is essentially the level of consumer response to a product or service offered. Entrepreneurs’ abilitities to cater to their consumers’ needs are one of their secrets to success. Hence, the objective of this study is to uncover the secrets of business success, particularly the business lures that have helped Kelantan entrepreneurs to popularise products or services they offer. A qualitative approach was used to analyse the interview data according to themes. The study found five factors which determined the business success of the selected Malay Kelantanese entrepreneurs. These factors were: they were persistent in asking for help from Allah, they strived to be approachable entrepreneurs, and they cultivated positive entrepreneurial virtues such as having an honourable personality, being creative, and innovative, as well as being bold in their marketing strategy. Although the findings are not representative of all Malay entrepreneurs in Malaysia, this study can, however, serve as a source of reference to encourage other entrepreneurs to emulate the business success of the selected entrepreneurs. Apart from that, it can encourage awareness among the Muslim entrepreneurs, about the importance of managing a business in accordance with the Islamic laws

Using the Social Network for Business Sustainability: Examining Start-up SME Firms in Malaysia

The purpose of this paper is to examine social network among SME firms in Malaysia. Specifically, this paper aims to investigate the usage of social network among Malay ethnic entrepreneurs in the start-up phase of SME firms in manufacturing sectors. Secondly, this paper aims to investigate the relationship between social network and business performance of the start-up manufacturing SME firms in Malaysia. The research data were collected through self-administered and mail questionnaire with a stratified random sample of 83 SME firms around Malaysia. The hierarchical regression was used for hypothesis testing. The result shows that Malay entrepreneurs used extensively business contact in their social network. For the hypothesis testing, the hierarchical regression shows that social network has significantly positive relationship with business performance. This paper contributes to the body of knowledge especially to the social network theme in Malaysia which is considered to be in the infant stage still. The discussions of the results, the contribution to the body of knowledge as well as limitations of the study are also discussed.

The Comparative Analysis of Gender and Social Network among Malay SMEs Entrepreneurs in Malaysia

 Abstract— The purpose of this paper is to make comparison in terms of social network between male and female Malay entrepreneurs in Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in Malaysia. Social network is defined as interrelationship between the entrepreneurs and their contact (alter) in business venturing. However, there is limited understanding on how the entrepreneurs use their social network. Moreover, there is dearth attention given to investigate the social network in developing country especially in Malaysia. Both social network theory and structural perspective were employed in this quantitative-based study. The data gathered through the mail questionnaire method in which 93 are male and 72 female respondents representing 53 percent responded. Using t-test, the study reveals that there is no significance difference in terms of network size, network activity and network density for both genders. Implications and direction for further research are also presented. entrepreneurs in SME firms in Malaysia. The research tries to answer the question of: Do Malay male and female entrepreneurs have significant difference in terms of network size, network activity and network density? In addressing the above question, we make the following contributions. First, little attention given to study the social network in Malaysia, therefore this study shed light on the structural perspectives to spark the attention in understanding the social network phenomenon. Second, entrepreneurship scholars have failed to notice on how the social network is used and give the benefit to the firm (14). Therefore, we advance the research on the value of social network specifically on Malay entrepreneurs who struggle to survive in business in their mainland. Lastly, most of the social network-based research focuses on cause-and-effect of the network; however the current study employs the comparative study between male and female. We hope that the findings of this study will serve a benefit to the entrepreneurs especially for those who have an intention to start the business.

Convergence in the priorities of entrepreneurial values: Empirical evidence from Malaysia

This study aims to contribute to the field of international entrepreneurship by investigating entrepreneurial values priorities of Malaysian entrepreneurs compared to Western entrepreneurs and whether the magnitude of each entrepreneurial value is the same across ethnicity and gender within Malaysia. This cross-disciplinary post-positivist study used the survey method which involved 243 Malaysian small- and medium-sized entrepreneurs from the country’s two largest ethnic groups—the Malays and Chinese. The results provide evidence of convergence in entrepreneurial value priorities for Malaysian and Western entrepreneurs, thus contributing to existing literature on the entrepreneurial values system. Malaysian Malay and Chinese entrepreneurs differ in the magnitude of self-direction and stimulation but there is no difference across gender. The theoretical implications are firstly, that the definition of international entrepreneurship may be expanded to reflect entrepreneurs’ primary motivation of self-direction. Secondly, knowing the similarities in values priorities and differences in magnitude of values increases the cultural intelligence of international entrepreneurs. The practical implications are academicians and trainers should avoid gender stereotyping and foster salient entrepreneurial values when designing academic curriculum and training programs. Finally, the policy implications are that policy makers should attract or target those who possessed these salient entrepreneurial values when constructing entrepreneurship policies.