Malatya Province Of Turkey Research Articles

Investigating the correlation between 2D:4D finger digit ratios and attention gathering skills of 60–72 month-old children

BackgroundDigit ratio 2D:4D is used to follow children's development process and examine behaviours and abilities. AimThe aim of this study is to determine the correlation between the 2D:4D digit ratios of 60–72 month-old children and their attention gathering skills, as well as whether the 2D:4D digit ratio and attention gathering skills of children differ based on independent variables. MethodThe sample of the study, designed in the correlational survey model, consisted of a total of 112 children aged 60–72 months who were attending preschool education in Malatya province in Turkey. The data were analysed using SPSS packaged software. ResultsIt was determined that there was a positive low significant correlation between attention gathering skills and the right hand 2D:4D digit ratio in 60–72 month-old children. In addition to, no significant difference was found between the children's FTF-K scores and the right hand 2D:4D digit ratio in terms of the variable of mother's status of exercising, but there was a significant difference between their FTF-K scores and the left hand 2D:4D digit ratio in terms of the variable of the mother's status of exercising. ConclusionsThe findings of the study demonstrate the importance of the study for revealing clues about children's attention gathering/concentration levels from their early periods, and promoting their attention gathering skills and generally their cognitive development.

Women's Feeling of Discomfort During Vaginal Examination and Related Factors

Objective: This study aimed to identify the level of women’s feeling of discomfort during the vaginal examination and associated factors.Methods: Designed as cross-sectional research, the study was performed with 386 women who had a vaginal examination at a public hospital in Malatya province of Turkey in August-November 2018. The Personal Information Form, the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), and the Impact of Event Scale were used in the collection of research data.Results: The mean of VAS scores was 2.86±3.52 points for the discomfort felt by participant women from the vaginal examination, and 22.8% of participant women (n=88) felt discomfort from the vaginal examination (VAS≥6 cm). Participant women who had no post-traumatic stress symptoms (79.3%), to whom the doctor made explanations during the examination (82.2%), to whom the doctor made explanations after the examination (83.3%), who found the post-examination explanation adequacy (80.2%), who were examined by the doctor (85.1%), who were examined by male health staff (86.6%), and who had the vaginal examination due to pregnancy (86.9%) felt lower levels of discomfort from the vaginal examination, and these differences from corresponding groups of participant women were statistically significant (p<0.05).Conclusion: It was identified that participant women felt low-level discomfort from the vaginal examination, approximately one-fifth of them had the feeling of discomfort, and the post-traumatic stress and health staff’s approaches toward the woman in the vaginal examination affected the woman’s feeling of discomfort.

Prevalence, molecular characterization, and variety reactions of Neoscytalidium novaehollandiae on mulberries in Turkey

Turkey is one of noteworthy countries for both fruit genetic resources and amount of fruit production in the world. Mulberry is cultivated throughout Turkey, most commonly in Central, Northeast and Southeast Anatolia. Mulberry has a great market potential thanks to its fresh consumption and usage of processed food products. In June 2019, a disease was observed causing deaths in shoots and branches on mulberry trees in Malatya province of Turkey. The causative agent of the disease was identified as Neoscytalidium novaehollandiae according to morphological characteristics and sequencing of TEF 1-α gene (Accession no. MT362602 and MT362603), ITS (Accession no. MT195554 and MT195555) and LSU (Accession no. MT195552 and MT195553). Based on the concatenated sequences of the ITS, TEF 1-α, and LSU, a phylogenetic tree was built using Bayesian analysis. Reactions of nine mulberry cultivars against the disease (‘Ulukale’, ‘Ayaş’, ‘Ichinose’, ‘Poser’, ‘Kenmochi’, ‘Arapgir’, ‘Sarı aşı’, ‘Horum’ and ‘Istanbul’) inoculated with Malatya isolate of N. novaehollandiae were evaluated under growth chamber conditions. All-mulberry cultivars artificially inoculated with N. novaehollandiae isolate exhibited severe necrosis symptoms on woody tissues of tested plants. It was confirmed that N. novaehollandiae is a fungal pathogen associated with dieback and canker on mulberry trees in Turkey for the first time. New mulberry plantations could be endangered by this emerging new disease.

A comparative melissopalynological study of royal jelly from Turkey

Three treatments (Glucose, Sucrose, Bee Feed Syrup) were used to examine the influence of supplementary feeding on the pollen spectrum of the royal jelly produced by Apis mellifera L. colonies. Apis mellifera colonies were located in the Battalgazi and Dogansehir districts of Malatya province in Turkey. In total 255 royal jelly samples were investigated and the analysis recorded over 30 taxa. In both sites the control group heavily utilised Quercus, Verbascum, Astragalus, and Lamiaceae. The feeding treatments saw Quercus, Verbascum, and Astragalus still being used but in different proportions. The utilisation of Lamiaceae was much reduced and Echium became an important component in colonies that had supplementary feeding.

Genome-wide association links candidate genes to fruit firmness, fruit flesh color, flowering time, and soluble solid content in apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.).

Apricots originated from China, Central Asia and the Near East and arrived in Anatolia, and particularly in their second homeland of Malatya province in Turkey. Apricots are outstanding summer fruits, with their beautiful attractive color, delicious sweet taste, aroma and high vitamin and mineral content. In the current study, a total of 259 apricots genotypes from different geographical origins in Turkey were used. Significant variations were detected in fruit firmness (FF), fruit flesh color (FFC), flowering time (FT), and soluble solid content (SSC). A total of 11,532 SNPs based on DArT were developed and used in the analyses of population structure and association mapping (AM). According to the STRUCTURE (v.2.2) analysis, the apricot genotypes were divided into three groups. The mixed linear model with Q and K matrixes were used to detect the associations between the SNPs and four traits. A total of 131 SNPs were associated with FF, FFC and SSC. No SNP marker was detected associated with FT. The results demonstrated that AM had high potential of revealing the markers associated with economically important traits in apricot. The SNPs identified in the study can be used in future breeding programs for marker-assisted selection in apricot.

Knowledge and Awareness of Physicians About Rational Antibiotic Use and Antimicrobial Resistance Before and After Graduation: A Cross-Sectional Study Conducted in Malatya Province in Turkey.

BackgroundWe aimed to evaluate the level of theoretical knowledge of rational antibiotic use and awareness about emergence of multidrug resistance (MDR) among the senior students at a medical school and the actively-working family physicians.MethodsThis cross-sectional research was carried out between 1 February and 30 April 2019 in Malatya province. Two-hundred twenty-five senior students in the Inonu University Medical School (Group 1) and 230 actively-working family physicians in Malatya primary health care services who were found to be eligible (Group 2) were included in this study. Power analysiscalculated the minimum of 240 participants with a proportion difference of 0.18 between the groups, a type I error of 0.05 and a type II error of 0.20. A questionnaire including seven sections and 28 questions was applied to the participants.ResultsDoctors were more hesitant in pre-graduation and more self-confident in the post-graduation period for the decision to start antibiotic treatment. In addition, doctors forget their theoretical knowledge of antibiotics over time and are unable to follow current developments after graduation. The most important concern in the pre-graduation period was the choice of antibiotics from the wrong group, while in the post-graduation period it is the fear of the presence of unproven infection.ConclusionPhysicians’ antibiotic prescribing habits, attitudes and behaviors vary before and after graduation. Sustainable education for antibiotic use for physicians after graduation can contribute positively to reduce of antimicrobial resistance rates and to increase awareness about the use of rational antibiotics.

Kayısıların Farklı Ortamlarda Kurutma Kinetiğinin İncelenmesi

In this study, Çöloğlu, Hacıhaliloğlu, Kabaaşı and Karacabey apricot species grown in Malatya province of Turkey were used. The effects of various drying environment on the drying kinetics of crude and pre-treated apricots have been investigated. The experiments were conducted in the sunlight and in the shade environment with SO2 treated and untreated apricot. While the drying speed curves of the dried apricots increased rapidly at the beginning, the drying speed curve started to decrease afterwards. The data was fitted to five different mathematical models. Midilli et al. model was determined as the best one to explain drying of apricots by comparing the coefficient of correlation determination (R2), mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) and root mean square error (RMSE) between the observed and expected moisture ratios.

A Profitability Analysis of Investment of Apricot Growing in Turkey

This study was conducted to analyze profitability of apricot investment in Malatya province of Turkey. In this study, the data were collected through face-to-face interviews with 159 farmers from the districts of Central, Akcadag and Darende at the Malatya province in the production year of 2012–2013. Data obtained have been shown in the tables issued by the use of percentage and index calculations. Net Present Value (NPV), Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR) and Internal Rate of Return (IRR) were calculated for investment analysis. 5%, 9% and 10% discount rates were selected to calculate NPV, BCR and IRR. The NPV were found to be positive 56,411.97 $, 21,530.48 $ and 16,450.37 $, respectively. BCR was found bigger than 1, it was calculated 5.21, 3.95 and 2.84, respectively. IRR was found 16%. The sensitivity analysis has been made for increase cost and decrease income for all coditations apricot investment was found profitable. However, growers must evaluate circumstances to determine if the lower price usually paid by wholesalers and supermarkets is sufficient to cover production and handling costs and can be get a profit.

The Evaluation of Common Chromosomal Rearrangements and Their Frequencies in Adult Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cases in Malatya Province of Turkey

The Evaluation of Common Chromosomal Rearrangements and Their Frequencies in Adult Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cases in Malatya Province of Turkey

Optimal site selection for solar photovoltaic (PV) power plants using GIS and AHP: A case study of Malatya Province, Turkey

The importance of energy needs increases substantially with the effects of scientific developments, technological improvements and human population growth. Because of excessive consumption of non-renewable energy resources and rising expenses, the vast majority of nations are in constant search of new resources. In Turkey, electricity produced from solar energy systems plays a key role in supplying energy demands because the geographic location of Turkey is suitable to benefit from solar energy systems. In this study, the construction of solar photovoltaic (PV) power plant within the Malatya Province of Turkey was identified by using Geographical Information Systems (GIS) technology. Within this framework, many effective factors were generated including solar energy potential, roads, energy transmission lines, transformer centers, slope, aspect, location of dams and rivers, natural gas pipelines, fault lines, land cover and residential areas. Using the Analytical Hierarchy Process method, factor weights were then calculated. As a result of all these processes, a map was presented demonstrating the optimal locations for solar energy plants. Finally, results were compared with existing solar photovoltaic (PV) power plants. An empirical study that produces the most optimal solution for decision makers to site selection for solar power plants has been realized.

Zercon kadiri sp. n., a new oligophagous mite from Eastern Anatolia (Acari: Mesostigmata: Zerconidae)

A new species of the family Zerconidae, Zercon kadiri sp. n., is described based on female, male, deutonymph and protonymph specimens. The material was collected in litter and soil under stone pines (Pinus pinea) in the Malatya Province of Turkey. The similarities and differences between the related species within the same genus are discussed. http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:C56027B1-4A4B-4018-83B6-04B41A4C51FC

Role of Different Cover Crops on DTPA-Extractable Micronutrients in an Apricot Orchard

This study was conducted to compare the effect of different cover crop treatments on DTPA-extractable micronutrients (Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu) and soil pH in an apricot orchard with clay texture located in Malatya province of Turkey. For this purpose, 5 different experimental groups (Vicia villosa Roth (VV), Vicia pannonica Crantz (VP), Vicia pannonica Crantz and Tritikale mixture (70% + 30%, respectively) (VPT), Phacelia tanacetifolia Benth (PT), Fagopyrum esculentum Moench (FE)) and 3 control groups (mechanically cultivated (MC), herbicide treatment (HC) and bare control plot (BC)) were used in the apricot orchards. The soils were sampled from 0–20 cm and 20-40 cm depths in each plot for soil analyses. According to the obtained results, while cover crop treatments reduced pH values of soils according to the bare control, the cover crops increased the Fe, Mn and Zn contents of soils in the 0-20 cm soil depth. The highest Ext-Fe, Mn and Zn contents were obtained in the VV (14.83mg kg-1, 8.42 mg kg-1, 1.03 mg kg-1, respectively) at the 0-20 cm soil depth. As compared to bare control, highest percent increases in Fe, Mn and Zn contents were determined in the VV 27.73%, 31.69% and 37.54%, respectively. The greatest significant negative correlations in the VV treatment were observed between pH and Fe (-0.985**), between pH and Mn (-0.945**) and between pH and Zn (-0.764*). The greatest significant negative correlations in the VP treatment were observed between pH and Fe (-0.948**), between pH and Mn (-0.928**) and between pH and Zn (-0.722*). It was concluded based on current findings that cover crops, especially Vicia villosa Roth and Vicia pannonica Crantz could be incorporated into cropping systems to improve micronutrients and to provide a sustainable soil management.

A Qualitative Research on the Contribution of In-service Training to the Vocational Development of Teachers

The objective of the present study is to determine the teacher views on in-service training regarding its contribution to the vocational development of teachers. The sample of the study, which was designed as a case study from qualitative research methods, consisted of 35 field teachers from 7 middle schools in the Battalgazi district of Malatya province in Turkey. The data were collected by the researcher through a semi-structured interview form presented to the teachers. The data obtained in the present study were analyzed by content analysis method. In the present study, the contribution of in-service training on the vocational development of teachers, subjects that required training, and the individuals who were required to provide training, were determined as the three main themes.It was identified that in-service training did not contribute to the vocational development of teachers due to the theoretical nature, superficial expression, lack of solutions, and exclusion of teachers as participants. According to these findings, it is possible to organize trainings that focus on solutions, different methods and techniques, focus, that are solution oriented and involve participants more. In addition, it was revealed that in-service training did not contribute to the vocational development of teachers since it was considered as a formality and is compulsory through signing participation documents. In this respect, it was determined that the proposals, which are frequently mentioned in scientific research, regarding the provision of in-service training to teachers appear to be invalid and fall short in terms of its goals. With respect to the finding that including the specialists, ministry experts, academicians, volunteers, experienced teachers and supervisors, who provide instruction in in-service training, within the process would be more efficient, thus a more active role could be assigned to these individuals.

Satisfaction Levels of Insured Apricot Producers towards Agricultural Insurance Services

The objective of this research was to assess satisfaction levels of the insured farmers towards TARSİM agricultural insurance services. The study was conducted on the farmers engaged in apricot production in Malatya province of Turkey, the world’s largest provider of apricots. About 69.88% of Turkey’s dried apricot production and about 73.44% of the world dried apricot production are based in Malatya. Face-to-face interviews were conducted with a random sample of 187 farmers. Likert scale questionnaires were used to collect opinion data of farmers on five dimensions, namely sales and marketing, damage compensation, pricing and payment policy, customer notification and customer representation. Structural equation modeling was used to explore the association between the measured variables and overall satisfaction levels. The results of structural equation modeling indicated that all dimensions had statistically significant effects on farmer satisfaction. Additionally, according to the standard estimations, satisfaction from sales and marketing, satisfaction from customer notification and satisfaction from damage compensation were the most significant determinants of customer satisfaction. Pricing and payment policy had the lowest influence on farmer satisfaction. The study results showed that efficient and rapid resolution of farmer problems and grant of ease for premium payments were the most influential factors affecting farmer satisfaction.

The effects of autumn foliar applications of boron and urea on flower quality, yield, boron and nitrogen reserves of apricot

ABSTRACTIn order to determine the effects of autumn foliar application of boron (B) and/or urea on abortive flower ratio, yield, fruit weight, total soluble solid (TSS) and B and nitrogen (N) contents of reserves of non-irrigated apricot trees, field experiments were carried out between 2009 and 2012 in Malatya province of Turkey. The application of B and/or urea stimulated perfect flower development, B and N accumulation and resulted in significant yield increase. Boron, urea and B+urea applications increased fruit yield by 33.1%, 26.1% and 26.9%, decreased abortive flower ratio by 34.6%, 27.1% and 35.9% compared to the control, respectively. In addition, B and N contents of wood, bark and buds of apricot trees were significantly increased by B and/or urea treatments. It was also observed that B and N contents were the highest in bud compared to wood and bark in all treatments. The highest B (16.53 ppm) and N (1.56%) contents were determined to buds in B+urea treatment. The results of this study suggest that autumn foliar B and/or urea application have the potential to decrease abortive flower ratio and increase the yield and B and N contents of reserves of apricot trees under non-irrigated conditions.

Diversity on color and phenolic compounds in apricot fruits

Turkey dominate world apricot production for a long time sharing 23% of world fresh apricot production and the country also realizes 82% of the total dried apricot trade of the world. In this study, phenolic compounds and fruit skin color in eight apricot cultivars grown in Malatya province of Turkey and correlations between phenolic compounds and fruit skin color were determined. Among apricot cultivars, ‘Wilson Delicious’ was the most orange-colored fruit skin color. Pyrogallol and rutin were found to be predominant phenolic compounds for all cultivars. Pearson correlation coefficients between pyrogallol, catechol, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, epigallocatechin and b color values were found statistically significant (P < 0.01). ‘Harcot’ cultivar came into prominence because of high pyrogallol (1596.26 μg g−1), catechol (119.89 μg g−1), chlorogenic acid (281.44 μg g−1), caffeic acid (167.86 μg g−1) and epigallocatechin (132.46 μg g−1) levels. Overall ‘Ordubat’ cultivar had the lowest phenolic compounds. Among the yellow-colored cultivars, ‘Harcot’ and ‘Wilson Delicious’ had the richest phenolic compounds among yellow and orange-colored cultivars, respectively.

Epidemiology of Cyclospora Species in Humans in Malatya Province in Turkey.

Background:Cyclospora species are rare among other Coccidia parasites and can cause recurrent gastroenteritis. Cyclospora spp. can infect reptiles, insects, rodents, and mammals.Objectives:The present study aimed to determine the epidemiology of Cyclospora spp. in Malatya province and its neighboring provinces.Patients and Methods:Totally, 2281 stool samples taken from patients with digestive system complaints who referred to the polyclinics affiliated with Inonu University, Faculty of Medicine in Malatya Province and its neighboring provinces, in 2006, and whose stool specimens were submitted to the parasitology department were examined. A questionnaire was developed to determine the epidemiology of Cyclospora spp. in the patients as the dependent variable of the study. All the participants signed an informed written consent. The samples were coated with Entellan™ after staining via acid-fast staining and were examined on an immersion microscope objective. The data are presented as mean, standard deviation, or number/percentage. The chi-square test was used for the statistical analyses. Statistically, a P value < 0.05 was accepted as meaningful.Results:The stool samples were examined via direct microscopic examination and acid-fast staining. Positivity was determined in 129 (5.7%) cases. In the overall assessment of the patients with respect to general body itching, rectal itching, allergy, immunosuppression plus cancer, shortness of breath, ulcerative colitis, diarrhea, abdominal pain, salivation, constipation, nausea, vomiting, growth retardation, and anemia, there was no significant relationship. However, in the statistical evaluations among the positive cases, the difference was found to be significant.Conclusions:The study was conducted in Malatya Province, but patients from the neighboring provinces were also included in the evaluation during the study. Of all the positive cases, 5.6% were those from Malatya Province and its surrounding areas. Additionally, Cyclospora spp. were observed among the patients referring to the polyclinics with digestive system complaints in 8.1% of those from the Adiyaman province and in 6.9% of those from the Kahramanmaraş region. The incidence of Cyclospora cayetanensis may be higher in these regions if an epidemiological study is performed. Consequently, we suggest that Cyclospora spp. be investigated in digestive system disorders, especially in immunosuppressed patients.

Effects of soil-structure interaction on construction stage analysis of highway bridges

The aim of this paper is to determine the effect of soil-structure interaction and time dependent material properties on behavior of concrete box-girder highway bridges. Two different finite element analyses, one stage and construction stage, have been carried out on Komurhan Bridge between Elazi<TEX>$\breve{g}$</TEX> and Malatya province of Turkey, over Fırat River. The one stage analysis assume that structure was built in a second and material properties of structure not change under different loads and site conditions during time. However, construction stage analysis considers that construction time and time dependent material properties. The main and side spans of bridge are 135 m and 76 m, respectively. The bridge had been constructed in 3 years between 1983 and 1986 by balanced cantilever construction method. The parameters of soil-structure interaction (SSI), time dependent material properties and construction method are taken into consideration in the construction stage analysis while SSI is single parameter taking into consideration in the one stage analysis. The 3D finite element model of bridge is created the commercial program of SAP2000. Time dependent material properties are elasticity modulus, creep and shrinkage for concrete and relaxation for steel. Soft, medium, and firm soils are selected for evaluating SSI in both analyses. The results of two different finite element analyses are compared with each other. It is seen that both construction stage and SSI have a remarkable effect on the structural behavior of the bridge.

A NEW DRIED AND TABLE APRICOT CULTIVAR ('ALKAYA') AND A NEW TABLE APRICOT CULTIVAR 'GU 52' (GULERYUZ)

Malatya province of Turkey is the most important area for dried apricot production in the world. The most important advantage of dried apricot is cheap and easy long-term storage and its release on the market at any time as requested. So, many new apricot orchards have been established during the last 10 years and dried apricot production has increased but not enough to release the demanded amount on domestic and global markets. To solve this problem, the dried apricots varieties cultivated in Malatya province have started being harvested fresh for exportation and this tendency has been encouraged in recent years, too. Therefore, the dried apricot varieties harvested fresh for exportation are generally demanded to be big, attractive and preferably with red cheek. This study was carried out to determine phenological and pomological characters of 'Alkaya' and 'GU-52' apricots during 2004-2006 seasons in a producer's orchard located in Alisar village of Battalgazi town and the Fruit Research Institute in Malatya province of Turkey. Their fruits are large, more attractive than other dried and table apricot varieties, and are produced for fresh consumption. 'GU-52' was selected from Erzincan Plain by Prof. Dr. Muharrem Guleryuz at Ataturk University. All morphological characters of these two accessions were evaluated according to UPOV criteria.

THE USE OF PGPR (PLANT GROWTH PROMOTING RHIZOBACTERIA) IN ORGANIC APRICOT PRODUCTION

During the years 2000-2001, a study was conducted in Malatya province of Turkey to determine the effects of foliar application of bacteria Bacillus OSU-142 on yield, growth and control of disease (shot-hole) of apricot cv. Hacihaliloglu. In vitro production of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) by PGPR was also determined. The trees were sprayed with bacteria at 10 9 CFU/ml concentrations and results showed that Bacillus OSU-142 had the capacity to increase yield (approximately 41.0-58.5 kg/tree) and quality by reducing shot-hole disease severity (2.63-3.43) and incidence (5.0-24.67%).