Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre, Malawi (S J Glover FRCOphth); Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand (R J Maude MRCP); Centre for Clinical Vaccinology and Tropical Medicine, Nuffi eld Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (R J Maude); Blantyre Malaria Project, University of Malawi College of Medicine, Blantyre, Malawi (Prof T E Taylor DO); College of Osteopathic Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America (T E Taylor); Malawi-Liverpool-Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme, College of Medicine, Blantyre, Malawi (Prof M Molyneux FRCP); School of Tropical Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK (M Molyneux); and St Paul’s Eye Unit, Royal Liverpool University Hospital, Liverpool, UK (N A V Beare FRCOphth)