Maladaptive Research Articles

Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor and Cysteine Redox Dynamics Underlie (Mal)adaptive Mechanisms to Chronic Intermittent Hypoxia in Kidney Cortex.

We hypothesized that an interplay between aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and cysteine-related thiolome at the kidney cortex underlies the mechanisms of (mal)adaptation to chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH), promoting arterial hypertension (HTN). Using a rat model of CIH-HTN, we investigated the impact of short-term (1 and 7 days), mid-term (14 and 21 days, pre-HTN), and long-term intermittent hypoxia (IH) (up to 60 days, established HTN) on CYP1A1 protein level (a sensitive hallmark of AhR activation) and cysteine-related thiol pools. We found that acute and chronic IH had opposite effects on CYP1A1 and the thiolome. While short-term IH decreased CYP1A1 and increased protein-S-thiolation, long-term IH increased CYP1A1 and free oxidized cysteine. In addition, an in vitro administration of cystine, but not cysteine, to human endothelial cells increased Cyp1a1 expression, supporting cystine as a putative AhR activator. This study supports CYP1A1 as a biomarker of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) severity and oxidized pools of cysteine as risk indicator of OSA-HTN. This work contributes to a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying the phenotype of OSA-HTN, mimicked by this model, which is in line with precision medicine challenges in OSA.

Forgiveness, Locus of Control, and Perfectionism: A Mixed Method Study.

The present study aims to explain forgiveness through locus of control and perfectionism. This study has been carried out within the framework of the mixed research method in which quantitative and qualitative research approaches were dealt with together. The study group consists of the university students. In the quantitative results reveal that the external locus of control is a negatively significant explanatory factor of adaptive perfectionism and a positively significant explanatory factor of maladaptive perfectionism. Moreover, the external locus of control explains forgiveness negatively. In addition, adaptive perfectionism is the positive explanatory factor of forgiveness, and maladaptive perfectionism is the negative explanatory factor of forgiveness. In the qualitative results of the study, it is understood that the statements of most of the participants with high scores of adaptive perfectionism and internal locus of control are gathered under the theme of forgiveness, whereas the statements of those with high scores of maladaptive perfectionism and external locus of control are under the theme of unforgiveness.

A continuum of genetic mixing for conservation management along the (mal)adaptation spectrum: A comment on Hoffmann et al.

When restoring gene flow for conservation management, genetic variation should be viewed along a continuum of genetic divergence between donor and recipient populations. On the one hand, maintaining local adaptation (low divergence between donors and recipients) can enhance conservation success in the short term. On the other hand, reducing local adaptation in the short term by increasing genetic diversity (high divergence between some donors and recipients) might have better long‐term success in the face of changing environmental conditions. Both Hoffman et al. (2020) and a paper we previously published in a Special Issue on Maladaptation in Applied Conservation (Derry et al., 2019) provide frameworks and syntheses for how best to apply conservation strategies in light of genetic variation and adaptation. A key difference between these two studies was that whereas Derry et al. (2019) performed a quantitative meta‐analysis, Hoffman et al. (2020) relied on case studies and theoretical considerations, yielding slightly different conclusions. We here provide a summary of the two studies and contrast of the main similarities and differences between them, while highlighting terminology used to describe and explain main concepts.

بررسی رابطه طرحوارههای ناسازگار اولیه با تعارض و دلزدگی زناشویی در پرستاران زن

بررسی رابطه طرحوارههای ناسازگار اولیه با تعارض و دلزدگی زناشویی در پرستاران زن

ОСОБЕННОСТИ ЭМОЦИОНАЛЬНОГО СОСТОЯНИЯ СОТРУДНИКОВ ОРГАНОВ ВНУТРЕННИХ ДЕЛ ПРИ ИСПОЛНЕНИИ СЛУЖЕБНЫХ ОБЯЗАННОСТЕЙ В УСЛОВИЯХ ПАНДЕМИИ COVID-19

Aim The aim of the study was to identify the specifics of the emotional state of internal affairs officers while performing their duties under the COVID-19 pandemic conditions Material and methods An empirical survey of 371 police officers of the Main Department of Internal Affairs of Moscow was conducted Three groups were identified: I - 127 policemen, who had positive result of testing and clinical manifestations of COVID-19, which occurred in mild and medium severity forms, they underwent inpatient and outpatient treatment;II - 118 policemen - healthy persons, who had no clinical manifestations of COVID-19, but were released from their duties as contact with the diseased;III - 126 persons - healthy policemen who were not released of their duties during the COVID-19 pandemic, who carried out public order protection services in places with large crowds of people (street patrols, subway duty, etc ) We conducted a survey using an original questionnaire We used a battery of psychological tests regulated by the Russian Interior Ministry to identify signs of psycho-emotional maladaptation in law enforcement officers In order to comply with the requirements of anti-epidemic measures, all of the methods used were performed remotely via electronic digital resources Statistical processing of the study results was carried out using the SPSS 23 0 program In the course of analysis of quantitative data with normal distribution, the Student's parametric t-criterion for independent samples was used Mann - Whitney non-parametric criterion was used for distribution of observation results different from the normal Results and discussion It was shown that the emotional state of law enforcement officers who have experienced the new coronavirus infection COVID-19 is characterized by an increased level of personal anxiety and a tendency to develop misadaptive behavioral reactions;released from their duties as contact persons with the disease have anxious-phobic symptoms;healthy policemen who were not released from their duties during the COVID-19 pandemic and continued to serve as public order officers in crowded areas are prone to unconstructive forms of stress response Conclusion It is offered to develop differentiated person-oriented rehabilitation programs for prevention of conditions of psychological trauma in employees of internal affairs bodies that will promote increase of their personal reliability and prevent the development of deeper disturbances of mental activity

고등학생의 아동기 학대 경험과 비자살적 자해 간의 관계: 초기 부적응 도식의 매개효과를 중심으로

본 연구의 목적은 비자살적 자해와 관련이 있는 초기 부적응 도식을 탐색하고 아동기 학대와 비자살적 자해 간의 관계를 초기 부적응 도식이 매개하는지를 검증하는 것이다 이를 위해 회 이상의 자해 경험이 있는 고등학교 1, 2학년 학생 177명을 대상으로 아동기 학대 비자살적 자해 초기 부적응 도식을 측정하였다 연구 결과 첫째 아동기 학대는 실패도식을 제외한 14개 초기 부적응 도식과 정적 상관이 있었다 둘째 높은 빈도의 비자살적 자해 집단은 낮은 빈도의 비자살적 자해 집단에 비해 위험 질병에 대한 취약성 사회적 고립유기 결함 수치심 등 10개 도식이 유의하게 더 높았다 셋째 아동기 학대와 비자살적 자해 간의 관계를 결함 수치심 위험 질병에 대한 취약성 도식이 부분 매개하였다 이는 비자살적 자해 청소년 상담에서 그들의 행위 측면보다는 심리적 기제에 주목할 필요가 있음을 시사한다 마지막으로 본 연구의 제한점에 대해 논의하였다.

Influence of family violence on the maladaptive behaviors of secondary school students in Kogi State, Nigeria

This study explored the influence of family violence on the Maladaptive Behaviours of Secondary School Students in Kogi State, Nigeria. The design for this study is correlational research design. The population of the study consists of 29,570 students in secondary schools in Kogi State, Nigeria. A sample of 378 respondents was selected for this study. Stratified random sampling procedure was used in selecting the students. The instrument for data collection was the family violence and characteristics of Maladaptive Behaviour Questionnaire (FVMBQ). The FVMBQ is a 24-item instrument designed along a modified four-point Likert scale. The questionnaire was validated by a team of experts in the Faculty of Education, University of Abuja. The reliability of the instrument was established via a pilot test conducted using the test-retest method of reliability, which yielded the reliability (r) value of 0.86. The data collected was analyzed using mean, standard deviation and linear regression. The study found incidences of family violence and maladaptive behaviour and also revealed that family violence significantly predicts maladaptive behaviour of secondary school students in Kogi State. It was recommended among others that parents must develop the right attitude of love, trust, tolerance and patience towards their children; parents need to step in before sibling rivalry turns into abuse and teachers should provide a caring, compassionate, supportive environment for the school child to rebuild trust that has probably been destroyed by an abuser at home. Key words: Adolescents, family violence, maladaptive behavior, students.

Homens Autores de Violência contra Mulher: Um Estudo Descritivo

Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo identificar e compreender fatores de risco individuais e familiares da perpetuacao da violencia, por meio de um estudo descritivo de carater transversal. Participaram desta pesquisa oito homens que estavam respondendo a processo judicial pautado na Lei Maria da Penha. Os resultados apontaram presenca de historico de maus-tratos na infância, percepcao de reciprocidade de violencia entre o casal, concordância com crencas legitimadoras de violencia conjugal, expressao de raiva desadaptativa, bem como uso de substâncias. Identificar fatores de risco que fazem parte da manutencao da violencia entre parceiros intimos possibilita a criacao de intervencoes efetivas. As intervencoes devem ter como foco aprendizagem de estrategias para regulacao de emocoes, como raiva, bem como a reestruturacao de crencas legitimadoras de violencia de genero.

Corrigendum: Training Positive Rumination in Expressive Writing to Enhance Psychological Adjustment and Working Memory Updating for Maladaptive Ruminators

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.00789.].

Ta’akhi: Renewable preventive strategies facing maladaptive conditions for basic education

One of the crucial processes during the formation of human character for early childhood is the experience of the first adaptation when the child enters the basic education level. The failure of the adaptive process known as maladaptive in the early moments of exploring a new environment of primary education will have a domino effect on the development of student character. Among the most common predictive effects is the inheritance of bullying that occurs in students while in the educational environment, both at the elementary school level, or even carried up to the next level. Through literature studies and observations that have been made, the authors provide a new strategic perspective that is quite strategic as a preventive solution to this reality. Through the implementation of the Taakhi program which was initiated by SDIT LHI Yogyakarta, the authors sought to describe a solutive reference made from the process of implementing an adaptive succession program for new students at the basic education level. The biggest hope of efforts to develop a renewable perspective on this program is the breaking of the chain of bullying practices since the level of primary education which is the spearhead of the formation of early childhood character formation. SDIT LHI is a private school that declares itself to be a pilot of a prosperous school through various kinds of visionary anti-bullying programs for young children, one of which is known as the ta'akhi program. The results of the study are presented in the form of narrative descriptions based on the results of literature studies, observations, and in-depth interviews with the program developers at SDIT LHI Yogyakarta.

The Influence of Social Relationship on Adaptive and Maladaptive Game Use

The Influence of Social Relationship on Adaptive and Maladaptive Game Use

Doprinos neprilagodenog dnevnog sanjarenja razini psiholoskog distresa i suocavanju sa stresom

Doprinos neprilagodenog dnevnog sanjarenja razini psiholoskog distresa i suocavanju sa stresom

An analysis of early childhood teachers’ discourse on maladaptive children

An analysis of early childhood teachers’ discourse on maladaptive children

Electrocardiographic changes among elite athletes in Port Harcourt, Nigeria

Background: Due to cardiac adaptations in athletes, the normal electrocardiogram (ECG) may be altered and abnormal patterns occur. Cardiovascular-related sudden death is a leading cause of mortality during sports. ECG interpretation in athletes therefore requires careful analysis to properly distinguish changes due to physiological adaptations from those suggestive of underlying pathology. The present study describes ECG changes and attempts to identify possible adaptive and maladaptive changes among a cohort of elite athletes of different sports in Port Harcourt, Nigeria. Subjects and Methods: Cross-sectional prospective study involving 339 subjects (16–35 years) comprising 170 athletes (63 males and 107 females) and 169 nonathletes (74 males and 95 females) serving as control were recruited. Anthropometric parameters and blood pressure indices were determined and physical examination conducted to exclude associated comorbidities. Electrocardiographic parameters were determined through standard procedure using a resting 12-lead ECG. Results: No significant differences were observed for anthropometric parameters and blood pressure indices between male athletes and male nonathletes; although, female athletes had significantly higher weight and body mass index than female nonathletes. Irrespective of gender, athletes had significantly lower heart rate, T-axis and significantly higher QT-intervals compared to nonathletes; with lower P-axis and higher PR-interval among male athletes compared to male nonathletes. The left ventricular hypertrophy was the most prevalent abnormality among athletes. Conclusion: Changes described are due majorly to physiologic adaptation. However, some mal adaptations suggestive of risk factors for possible sudden cardiac death were identified. We advise sports physicians to carefully interpret ECG features of athletes to distinguish physiological changes related to athletic conditioning from findings suggestive of pathology.

Ethnographing flows, (re)thinking categories

Abstract In this article we explore universes of circulations, flows and mobilities along two interconnected axes. We propose a reflection on the dynamics of managing bodies and populations in transit through categories that regulate journeys and stays, and produce (mal)adaptations. In complementary form, we also question the classificatory processes that pervade the experiences of migrants when they enter distinct regimes of producing difference and are racialized, ethnicized and generified. Our hypothesis is that the connection between these two axes involves the production, at diverse levels, of ‘out of place’ bodies.

Criteria and diagnostic features of psychopathological conditions in internally displaced persons

The problem of internally displaced persons (IDPs) in Ukraine is one of the pressing problems of the present. Displacement is a risk factor for mental health problems resulting from maladap tation. High-quality and timely diagnosis is a prerequisite for the eff ective assistance to IDPs. The purpose of the study is an analysis of mental health in internally displaced persons. Object of study — mental health of IDPs. 155 IDPs were examined, of which 86 (55.48 %) people previously lived in the city of Donetsk and Donetsk region and 69 (44.52 %) people in the city of Luhansk and the Luhansk region. At the time of the survey 114 (73.55 %) lived in Kharkov and the Kharkov region, 15 (9.68 %) in the Donetsk region, 26 (16.77 %) in the Luhansk region. During the examination of IDPs, Who need the medical care, discrepancies were established between the diagnoses with which the patients were referred for consultation and the diagnoses that were established during the examination at a specialized stage of medical care. To improve the timely diagnosis of psychopathological conditions at the primary care stage, the main psychopathological disorders were identified, which must be taken into account when examining patients. Keywords: internally displaced persons, mental health, diagnosis of adaptation disorders, emotional state

Role of Early Maladaptive Schemas and Attachment Styles in the Prediction of Thoughtful Rumination in Individuals with Body Dysmorphic Disorder

Role of Early Maladaptive Schemas and Attachment Styles in the Prediction of Thoughtful Rumination in Individuals with Body Dysmorphic Disorder

An Analysis of Racquet Feelings of Maladaptive Soldiers through TA

An Analysis of Racquet Feelings of Maladaptive Soldiers through TA

The Effect of Maladaptive Self-focused Attention on Hypochondriasis Mediated by Difficulties in Emotional Regulation

The Effect of Maladaptive Self-focused Attention on Hypochondriasis Mediated by Difficulties in Emotional Regulation

Effect of Emotional Expression and Maladaptive Emotion Regulation Strategies for Loss Experience in Adolescence among College Students in Depression : With Mediating Effect of Self-esteem

Effect of Emotional Expression and Maladaptive Emotion Regulation Strategies for Loss Experience in Adolescence among College Students in Depression : With Mediating Effect of Self-esteem