The South China Sea provides rich fishery resources for China. Its sustainable development and utilization are related to the development of the whole fishery industry and the development of China's economy. Since the reform, China's economic strength has increased rapidly in a short period of decades. The South China Sea has contributed greatly to the rapid economic development. However, with the rapid economic development, the South China Sea is also due to excessive fishing and unreasonable fishing operations. The sustainable development of the South China Sea is particularly important. Only by ensuring the long-term development of the resources in the South China Sea can China's fisheries continue to be supported by resources. This paper discusses the sustainable development of Hainan's fishery resources, hoping to provide some reference for the sustainable development of China's major oceans.