Major Institutions Research Articles

Formation of the international legal framework in ensuring economic security: the contribution of international organisations

Introduction: The article offers a concise overview of international organisations as collaborative partnerships among states with defined objectives while also analysing the underlying motivations for their establishment.Objective: This article explores the roles and distinctive characteristics of major global institutions, including the United Nations (UN), European Union (EU), Council of Europe (CoE), Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE), North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), and World Trade Organization (WTO).Methods: The study employs diverse investigative methodologies, including thorough literature reviews and statistical analyses, to examine core concepts such as "legal order", "international legal order", "international security", and "global security".Results: It takes a historical perspective to trace the evolution of international organisations and utilises generalisation and diagnostic techniques to offer practical recommendations and reach conclusions. The article differentiates between "international security?" and "global security", underscoring the latter’s broader scope. Furthermore, it underscores the pivotal role of the United Nations (UN) in safeguarding global peace, fostering amicable ties among nations, advancing international collaboration, and acting as a forum for coordinating various national endeavours.Conclusions: International organisations, spearheaded by the United Nations (UN), are pivotal in upholding the international legal framework and safeguarding global security in the face of ever-evolving challenges and threats

Evolution of Paytm's Business Model

This case study explores the evolution of Paytm's business model, highlighting its transformation from a mobile recharge platform to a multifaceted digital services powerhouse. Initially launched in 2014 by One97 Communications as a prepaid mobile recharge and bill payment platform, Paytm rapidly diversified its offerings to include e-commerce, financial services, and digital payments, capitalizing on India's burgeoning digital economy. The study examines key phases in Paytm's business model evolution, including its expansion into the financial sector with services such as Paytm Wallet, Paytm Payments Bank, and investment products.The analysis focuses on strategic decisions that fueled Paytm's growth, such as its aggressive market penetration strategies, partnerships with major retailers and financial institutions, and its adaptation to regulatory changes. It also highlights how Paytm leveraged technology and data analytics to enhance customer experience and streamline operations, contributing to its market dominance.Furthermore, the case study addresses the challenges faced by Paytm, including intense competition, regulatory hurdles, and the need for continuous innovation to maintain its competitive edge. By examining these aspects, the study provides insights into how Paytm's adaptive business model has enabled it to remain a leading player in India's digital ecosystem.The findings underscore the importance of flexibility and diversification in sustaining growth in the rapidly evolving digital services sector. This case study offers valuable lessons for other businesses seeking to navigate the dynamic landscape of digital transformation and innovation.

Survey on acoustic preferences in Korean music practice spaces

.In 2021, the acoustic quality criteria for music practice rooms was standardized as ISO 23591. This standard will be very useful in constructing and utilizing music education facilities to train excellent music players. "Gugak," Korea's traditional music, is taught and related performers are trained at major national educational institutions. Recently, a variety of Korean music content has been introduced internationally. The Korean traditional music practice room is used similarly to a general music practice room. However, the acoustic characteristics of traditional houses where Korean traditional music is played do not have a long reverberation time and are flat across frequency bands, so we investigated what acoustic characteristics actual Korean traditional music players prefer as a practice space. The room acoustic characteristics of Korean music practice spaces at Seoul National University were measured, and a preference survey was conducted on professional performers who actually use the practice spaces. In the future, we plan to investigate preferences for Korean traditional music practice spaces using real-time sound audibility technology.

Creating And Accelerating The Shift From Fossil Fuel Jobs To Green Energy Jobs

The green energy job market in the United States is growing consistently, whereas fossil fuel employment is declining. Green energy jobs have overtaken fossil fuel jobs in electric power generation (EPG), and they are beginning to command a presence in the fuels sector. Demand for green energy workers is very high, and green energy employers are having trouble finding qualified workers to fill their open positions. Real wages in green energy are increasing, the jobs are stable, and workers have more choice as to which parts of the US they want to live in. Meanwhile, workers are being pushed out of fossil fuel jobs, and this has caused fossil fuel dependent communities to languish. However, workers pushed out of fossil fuel industries are not shifting to green energy jobs, despite their attractive qualities. This is caused by numerous, major barriers. However, solutions are starting to form amongst major institutions such as the Brookings Institute and the New York Times, showcasing that there is a real problem and potential for opportunity in this area. A possible solution is to take this job transition online, consolidating the workers, employers, and necessary re-training in one place

A bibliometric analysis of the application of the PI3K-AKT-mTOR signaling pathway in cancer.

PI3K-AKT-mTOR plays as important role in the growth, metabolism, proliferation, and migration of cancer cells, and in apoptosis, autophagy, inflammation, and angiogenesis in cancer. In this study, the aim was to comprehensively review the current research landscape regarding the PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway in cancer, using bibliometrics to analyze research hotspots, and provide ideas for future research directions. Literature published on the topic between January 2006 and May 2023 was retrieved from the Web of Science core database, and key information and a visualization map were analyzed using CiteSpace and VOSviewer. A total of 5800 articles from 95 countries/regions were collected, including from China and the USA. The number of publications on the topic increased year on year. The major research institution was the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center. Oncotarget and Clinical Cancer Research were the most prevalent journals in the field. Of 26,621 authors, R Kurzrock published the most articles, and J Engelman was cited most frequently. "A549 cell," "first line treatment," "first in human phase I," and "inhibitor" were the keywords of emerging research hotspots. Inhibitors of the PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway and their use in clinical therapeutic strategies for cancer were the main topics in the field, and future research should also focus on PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway inhibitors. This study is the first to comprehensively summarize trends and development s in research into the PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway in cancer. The information that was obtained clarified recent research frontiers and directions, providing references for scholars of cancer management.

Mitigating psychological distress in the workplace: The role of perceived insider status in leader-follower cognitive style congruence

This study examines the impact of leader-follower cognitive style congruence on employee psychological distress, with a specific emphasis on the mediating role of perceived insider status. Using data from a major financial institution in China, the findings reveal that higher cognitive style alignment between leaders and followers is associated with a significant reduction in employee psychological distress. Grounded in Conservation of Resources (COR) theory, the study demonstrates that cognitive style congruence enhances predictability and facilitates the conservation of psychological resources, effectively mitigating psychological distress. Notably, employees led by intuitive leaders report lower distress levels compared to those led by analytic leaders. These results underscore the critical importance of cognitive style congruence in fostering employee well-being and offer actionable insights for enhancing organizational practices.

Functional Outcome After Total Hip Replacement using Ceramic-on-Ceramic among young adults patients

Background: Total hip arthroplasty (THA) by using ceramic-on-ceramic (CoC) implants has emerged as a promising solution to mitigate wear debris-related complications, such as osteolysis, specifically in younger patients. This study aims to investigate the functional outcomes after total hip replacement by CoC in patients less than 30 years old, conducted within the hospitals of Khartoum, Sudan. Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional, hospital-based study was carried out across the major healthcare institutions in Khartoum state from October 2021 to April 2022. A cohort of 32 patients, all aged 30 or below, who underwent total hip replacement were included. Thorough data analysis was conducted using advanced statistical techniques. Results: The average age of included patients was 25.69 ± 2.7 years, among them, males had a slight predominance (56.3%) with a male-to-female ratio of 1.3:1. Most patients had a secondary school level of education (37.5%), while workers constituted the largest group (34.4%). The included patients were followed-up for more than six months. The mean visual analog scale (VAS) score was 7.91 ± 0.893. Additionally, the mean modified Harris hip score was 83.03 ± 4.9 (range: 72–91), highlighting the enhanced hip function achieved through the procedure. The majority of patients (65.6%) reported good functional outcomes, followed by 28.1% who attained fair outcomes and 25.8% who reported excellent outcomes. Conclusion: The study demonstrates that CoC THA yields optimal functional outcomes among patients aged 30 years and below. The procedure exhibits remarkable potential to improve hip function and alleviate pain in this specific patient population. These findings highlight the efficacy and viability of CoC implants in younger patients, contributing to the advancement of hip arthroplasty techniques.

Factors Related to the Rise of Congenital Syphilis From the Perspectives of Prenatal Providers and Birthing Parents in Chicago, IL, USA.

Rates of congenital syphilis (CS) in the United States have risen sharply in recent years. There has been sparse research centering the voices and experiences of birthing parents who have delivered infants with CS and prenatal providers in Chicago or the surrounding Midwestern United States to date. Additionally, there has been little research on the role of extrinsic factors, such as stigma and attitudes surrounding CS in an individual's community, in their entry into and retention in the CS prevention cascade. Semistructured interviews seeking to gather perspectives and factors related to the rise of CS were conducted with birthing parents who delivered infants with CS at a major academic medical institution (AMI) and the prenatal providers who served them. This was supplemented by retrospective data of birthing parent outcomes. Barriers elicited during the interviews included insufficient penicillin uptake, limited transportation, poor communication between providers and patients, gaps in patient understanding or knowledge around CS contraction and treatment, missed appointments, appointment burden for patients, life stressors of patients, housing instability, childcare difficulties, and stigma related to the CS diagnosis. The quantitative data revealed differing proportions of CS outcomes and care between those with care within the AMI, those with care outside the AMI, and those who had no prenatal care. This study found numerous perspectives and factors that may explain the rise of CS along various stages of the syphilis care continuum through in-depth interviews of prenatal providers and birthing parents.

Research Hotspots and Evolution Trends of Green Logistics in China

In this study, the CiteSpace literature metrology analysis tool was employed to undertake a multi-dimensional metrological analysis of the research hotspots and development trends in the domestic green logistics research domain within China National Knowledge Network from 2014 to 2024. Through the visual analysis of relevant literature, the core research themes, major research institutions, and research frontiers in the field were identified. The results indicate that the research on green logistics in China is ascending. The collaboration among authors and research institutions from different regions is inadequate, and the cooperation between research institutions requires further enhancement. Domestic green logistics research centers on logistics parks, green supply chain management, carbon emissions, and environmental protection policies. Additionally, this study also deliberates on the development direction of green logistics research in the future and puts forward research topics that demand further attention, in order to provide references for relevant researchers.

Research on the movement injury for tennis major students of universities

In recent years, tennis has increasingly become a favorite sport for many people, and major institutions of higher learning across the country have established specialized tennis courses. As the number of tennis enthusiasts grows, more and more individuals have sustained injuries for various reasons during the sport, which has adversely affected their studies and daily work. Consequently, preventing injuries in tennis has become one of the vital components of specialized tennis courses. This article scrutinizes the characteristics of injuries among students participating in tennis, analyzes the causes of these injuries through surveys, and proposes preventive measures tailored for tennis-related injuries. It offers a theoretical foundation for students majoring in tennis and enthusiasts, aiming to minimize physical injuries during tennis activities.

“Prepectoral tissue expanders without mesh as a bridge to delayed autologous breast reconstruction: Experience at a single academic center”

Acellular dermal matrix (ADM) is a useful adjunct in implant-based breast reconstruction. The benefits of using ADM with an expander as a temporary bridge to delayed autologous reconstruction are unknown. Placing prepectoral tissue expanders, without ADM, as a bridge to delayed autologous reconstruction could yield cost savings, shorten operating time and decrease complications. This investigation seeks to demonstrate the safety of placing prepectoral tissue expanders without ADM at the time of mastectomy as the first stage of autologous breast reconstruction. A retrospective, chart review was performed at our major academic institution between 2015 and 2020. Included were female patients, 18 years or older at the time of reconstruction, who underwent mastectomy with prepectoral tissue expander placement followed by autologous breast reconstruction at a delayed second stage. Excluded were patients of male gender, younger than 18, patients with lumpectomy only, subpectoral reconstruction, or immediate autologous reconstruction. Data on ADM, patient demographics, comorbidities, and cancer treatment were collected. There were 189 reconstructed breasts of which 56 (29.6 %) used ADM, 131 (69.3 %) did not use ADM, and 2 patients (1.1 %) of unknown ADM use. Expanders were in place for a mean time of 8.9±6.2 months. There was no statistically significant difference in complication rates between the ADM and no-ADM groups. Therefore, not wrapping prepectoral tissue expanders in ADM, at the time of mastectomy, has an equivalent rate of complications compared to ADM wrapping among patients who go on to have second stage autologous breast reconstruction.

Trust in Legal Institutions: An Examination of the Philippines

While studies have examined the correlates of institutional trust across Asian countries, few studies have analyzed public attitudes toward two major social control institutions, the police and courts, in the Philippines. This study fills this gap in the literature by exploring the connections between social trust, institutional performance, media exposure and consumption, and trust in the police and courts. Using recent survey data from the Asian Barometer Survey, regression models were employed to assess and compare whether these factors are predictive of police and court trustworthiness. Results reveal the importance of social trust and institutional performance in predicting Filipinos’ trust in the police and courts. However, media exposure and consumption were largely ineffective in predicting police and court trust. Given the Philippines’ unique historical and political context, these findings contribute to existing literature and provide implications for future research and policy.

International cooperation for the decarbonization of energy-intensive industries: unlocking the full potential

ABSTRACT This article investigates the state of global governance for the deep decarbonization of energy-intensive industries (EIIs) and identifies key options for mobilizing the so far underexploited potential of this global governance. Focusing on four main EIIs (i.e. iron and steel, cement and concrete, chemicals, and aluminium) the analysis is advanced in three steps. First, we establish the theoretical potential of international institutions to address the main barriers to EII decarbonization focusing on six main governance functions. Second, the article provides an up-to-date account of the global governance landscape for EII decarbonization and the contribution it has made to addressing the main barriers. This assessment also identifies major gaps and underexploited potentials of global governance. Finally, we systematically appraise key options for advancing global governance for EII decarbonization based on clear assessment criteria (membership, institutional capacity, legitimacy, feasibility). The major findings are that: (a) global governance has advanced significantly in the 2020s across all governance functions, in particular through the emergence of several initiatives focused on industrial decarbonization, including the recent Climate Club; (b) key priorities for advancing global EII decarbonization concern rules for collective action, means of implementation, landscape orchestration/coordination, and a more equal coverage of different sub-sectors and regions. We argue that the main barrier to addressing these priorities is rooted in (geo)politics rather than a lack of suitable institutions. Consequently, the global governance for EII decarbonization may best be advanced through incrementally developing existing rather than creating major new institutions.

Place-Making Research: A Bibliometric, Visualization, and Thematic Analysis

Place-making is recognized for its significant role in enhancing community cohesion, preserving cultural heritage, and promoting environmental sustainability. In recent years, place-making has garnered increasing attention as a multidisciplinary research topic from scholars in various fields. However, despite the increasing amount of research, systematic reviews and analyses of existing studies remain relatively scarce. Therefore, this study aims to provide a comprehensive bibliometric overview of the field of place-making through bibliometric and visualization analyses. We used CiteSpace for data analysis and visualization, focusing on the most influential articles, journals, countries, research categories, keywords, and themes in this field. The results indicate a significant increase in publications on placemaking since 2013. Major research institutions are concentrated in the United States, the United Kingdom, and Australia. Research hotspots are centered around “city”, “politics”, and “place-making”, among others. Current research is primarily categorized into four core themes: Urban Design and Public Space, Social Participation and Cultural Identity, Economic Development and Environmental Sustainability, and Governance, Policy, and Community Development. The research trajectory in this field shows trends of diversification and integration. Future research should emphasize interdisciplinary integration, combining urban planning, digital technology, and sociology.

The art of paradigm maintenance: how the New Keynesian ‘Science of Monetary Policy’ tries to deal with the inflation of 2021–2023

The macroeconomic models used by major institutions including the Federal Reserve and the International Monetary Fund (IMF) failed to predict the inflation surge during 2021–2023. The output gap, the unemployment gap, the New Keynesian Phillips curve and inflation expectations did not give timely and relevant signals. The re-emergence of inflation thus threw the ‘science of monetary policy’ off the rails. Faced with the choice between changing their paradigm and proving that there is no need to do so, the ‘scientists of monetary policy’ got busy on the proof. As a result, a number of ad hoc epicycles have been added to the New Keynesian analytical core – with the help of which one can claim to be able to explain the sudden acceleration of inflation post factum. This paper critically reviews the theoretical and empirical merits of three recent tweaks to the New Keynesian core: using the vacancy ratio as the appropriate measure of real economic activity; hammering on the considerable risk of an imminent wage–price spiral; and the resurrection of the non-linear Phillips curve. The paper concludes by drawing out sobering lessons concerning the art of paradigm maintenance as practiced by the ‘scientists of monetary policy’.

A Study on the Use of New Media in Museums to Forge the Consciousness of Chinese National Community: A Case Study of Museums in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region

In the era of "Internet +," the vigorous development of digital media technology has provided a new way and a new method for forging a sense of community in the Chinese nation. As an important cultural position, museums should conform to the trend of The Times, give full play to the advantages of new media communication, and play an active role in education and publicity. This paper takes the Museum of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region (hereinafter referred to as Guangxi Museum) as an example, sorts out the application of short videos in Guangxi Museum, and puts forward the path for Guangxi Museum to use short videos to spread awareness of the community of the Chinese nation. The first is to refine the short video theme in-depth exploration of different cultural themes. Second, we should optimize the short video content, pay attention to the innovation of form and content, and give play to the advantages of interactivity and fun. Third, it is necessary to enrich the presentation of short videos and use the platforms of major institutions to allow the public to experience the charm of culture without leaving home. Fourth, it is necessary to expand the transmission channels of short videos and use the combination of online and offline methods to display cultural content in a three-dimensional manner. Guangxi Museum integrates the consciousness of building the Chinese national community into the whole process of organizing the exhibition, and it empowers Guangxi Museum through short videos to strive for a better communication effect.

Constructing a standard system of city sustainable development assessment technology based on the SDGs

Given the rapid development of China’s new urbanization, cities with different locations and varying functional positioning, resource endowments, and development stages have insufficient scientific and applicable technical tools for implementing the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). City managers and policymakers must urgently establish SDG benchmarks to diagnose city development. Moreover, successful experiences from similar cities regarding sustainable development and self-improvement must be learned from to promote diversified, sustainable development across the country. Furthermore, emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence, the Internet of Things, big data and 5G are widely used in smart cities. Therefore, there is a growing need for “knowledge-based, personalized and intelligent” technologies to support monitoring, evaluation, and decision-making processes facilitating sustainable development in cities. This paper uses standardization as the theoretical support and technical basis. This approach can help clarify the sustainable development processes in China and clarify the evaluation results of and provide data on horizontal city comparisons, which can be used to develop evaluation technology for sustainable development in cities and construct a standardized system. The results provide a standard framework for intelligent assessment and decision-making regarding cities’ sustainable development capabilities in China. Evaluating major international standardization institutions reveals that the practices of Chinese national standards should be fully absorbed and integrated to guide the evaluation of smart, resilient, and low-carbon cities. To this end, an indicator library of city sustainable development is proposed to provide standard evaluation technology methods. Finally, analyzing the response relationship of the indicator library to SDGs reveals the need for a standardized knowledge map of sustainable development assessment techniques and methods from the perspective of integrated management for sustainable development in cities.

Research on the application of radiomics in breast cancer: A bibliometrics and visualization analysis.

Breast cancer is the most prevalent form of cancer worldwide. Therefore, improved disease detection has emerged as a focal point in clinical studies. At the forefront of innovation, radiomics has the capability to extract comprehensive insights from medical images, ultimately enhancing the accuracy of diagnostic procedures. There has been rapid growth in the field of radiomics research on breast cancer in the past few years. We explored pertinent research articles in the Web of Science Core Collection database to gain a thorough understanding of breast cancer radiomics. We used CiteSpace to conduct a bibliometric analysis of the annual distribution of different nations, institutions, journals, authors, keywords, and references in the field of breast cancer radiomics. GraphPad Prism software was used to examine and graph yearly and country-specific trends and the proportions of publications. The tools utilized for the visualization of science mapping included CiteSpace and VOSviewer. Of the 891 publications, most were original articles (731, 91.09%) and a few were reviews (160, 8.91%). Most academic research has been published in China and the United States. The study centers predominantly consisted of major academic institutions, such as Fudan University and the Chinese Academy of Sciences, with some of their members being prominent figures in the field. Pinker, Katja has published the largest number of research papers. The majority of these studies have been published in medical journals focusing on radiology and oncology in recent years. In the realm of cutting-edge medical research, the top two keywords, magnetic resonance imaging and machine learning stand at the forefront as current areas of intense focus. Breast cancer radiomics is advancing rapidly, presenting numerous opportunities and obstacles. Our study of the literature in this academic area aimed to pinpoint the primary themes addressed in the studies and anticipate prospective avenues for research.

From Platelets to Preschoolers: The Pioneering Journey of Dr. Valentin Fuster in Cardiology and Global Health Education.

Dr. Valentin Fuster's career, blending pioneering research with global health education, has profoundly influenced cardiology and public health. From his early life in Barcelona's medical community to groundbreaking contributions at major institutions like Mount Sinai and Harvard, Dr. Fuster has led transformative research on cardiovascular diseases and their prevention. His work spans from detailed studies on platelets and aspirin's preventative roles to innovative uses of MRI for understanding atherosclerosis. Beyond academia, he has significantly impacted public health through educational programs like the character "Dr. Ruster" on Sesame Street, advocating heart-healthy lifestyles to preschoolers worldwide. Dr. Fuster's dual focus on advanced medical research and community health initiatives exemplifies an integrated approach to tackling heart disease on multiple fronts.

A Study on the Path of Improving the Performance of Autonomous Learning in Adult Education in Universities under the Concept of Lifelong Learning

In today’s rapidly developing education, the concept of lifelong learning has penetrated adult education systems in various countries. The attention paid by leaders and major educational institutions to lifelong learning has, to some extent, promoted the reform and development of adult education. This article analyzes the role of adult education in universities and the problems in improving self-directed learning performance in adult education. It explores the path of improving self-directed learning performance from three aspects: management, learning subjects, and teaching subjects, for reference only.