Main Source Of Irrigation Water Research Articles

Suitability of Water from Tropical Epikarst Spring for Irrigation in the Gunungsewu Karst Area, Indonesia

Epikarst springs which are dominated by diffuse flows with undeveloped conduits commonly have hydrogeochemical characteristics that are strongly influenced by water-rock interactions. Gedong Spring is an epikarst spring in the Gunungsewu Karst Area, Java Island, Indonesia, which functions as the main source of irrigation water for the surrounding paddy fields. This research was conducted due to the importance to analyze further investigations to determine whether the hydrogeochemical characteristics of the Gedong Epikarst Springs were suitable for agricultural purposes. Therefore, this study aims to determine the quality of water from the epikarst spring temporally which is used for agricultural irrigation, especially rice fields. The study was carried out for one year with sampling intervals of every two weeks. Analysis of water suitability for irrigation purposes was performed using Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR), Sodium Percentage (Na%), USSL Diagram, Wilcox Diagram, Residual Sodium Carbonate (RSC), Magnesium Hazard (MH), Permeability Index (PI), Kelly’s ratio (KR), and Hardness (CaCO3). Based on the results obtained from nine different methods, it can be concluded that the water from the Gedong Spring has good potential for year-round agricultural irrigation.

Synergistic improvement of nitrogen and phosphorus removal in constructed wetlands by the addition of solid iron substrates and ferrous irons

Sanjiang Plain is intensively used for rice production, and ditch drainage diffuse pollution prevention is crucial. Groundwater, rich in Fe ions, is the main source of irrigation water in this region. In this study, pyrite and zero-valent iron (ZVI) (sponge iron and iron scraps) were used as substrates to identify the synergistic influence of exogenous Fe2+addition and solid iron substrates on pollutant removal in constructed wetlands. Based on the results, iron substrates hardly improved the ammonia removal, mainly because of the physical structure and oxidation activity. At a hydraulic retention time longer than 8 h, the pollution removal efficiency in the zero-valent iron (ZVI) substrate treatment increased significantly, and the removal of nitrate (NO3−-N) and total phosphorus (TP) in the iron scrap substrate treatment reached about 60% and 70%, respectively. The high-throughput sequencing results showed a significant increase in the abundance of microorganisms involved in denitrification and phosphate accumulation in biofilms on ZVI substrates. The highest diversities of such microorganisms in biofilms on iron scraps were found for denitrifying bacteria (Pseudomonas), nitrate-reducing Fe (II)-oxidizing bacteria (Acidovorax), and Dechloromonas with autotrophic denitrification and phosphate accumulation, with a 43% cumulative abundance. Dechloromonas dominated in the iron sponge substrate treatment. The highest relative abundance of Acidovorax was found in the mixed iron substrate (pyrite, sponge iron, and iron scraps) treatment. The addition of ZVI substrate significantly improved the removal of NO3−-N and TP and reduced the hydraulic retention time through the continuous release of Fe2+ and the promotion of microbial growth. When designing constructed wetlands for treating paddy field drainage, the appropriate addition of iron scrap substrates is recommended to enhance the pollutant removal efficiency and shock load resistance of CWs.

Evapotranspiration and crop coefficients using lysimeter measurements for food crops in the hyper-arid United Arab Emirates

In the hyper-arid United Arab Emirates (UAE) irrigation is needed for food crops because there is limited rainfall of less than100 mm y−1 in the crop-growing parts of the UAE. Groundwater is the main source of irrigation water, yet it is a declining resource both in terms of quantity, and quality as a result of rising salinity. Law 5 has been passed by the Government of Abu Dhabi to manage groundwater extraction by limiting water takes to an amount that is considered to be sufficient to grow a given crop. In order to allocate these water takes, the Environment Agency – Abu Dhabi sought experimental data and a model platform to calculate equitable allocations for each vegetable crop. We designed simple weighing lysimeters to measure directly the water-use lettuce, capsicum, tomato, cucumber and zucchini grown in the field, as well as in a shadehouse and a cooled greenhouse for capsicum, cucumber and tomato. Total crop yields were measured via progressive harvests through to the end of the growing season. The yields in the greenhouse were the highest. The crop water-use efficiency (WUEC, kg crop per m3 crop evapotranspiration ETC) was three fold higher in the greenhouse (≈ 30 kg m−3) than in the shadehouse or field (≈ 10 kg m−3). However, when the water used to cool evaporatively the greenhouse was accounted for in the water productivity (WPI kg crop m−3 water for irrigation and cooling) there were no differences between the field, shadehouse and greenhouse. So whereas the farmer benefits from higher yields in the greenhouse, there is no advantage in terms of water productivity. However, use of alternative waters for greenhouse cooling, such as treated sewage effluent, could be used to protect groundwater. Our water-use data were used to calculate the seasonal pattern of the FAO56 crop coefficient, KC, through the piecewise linear phases of crop growth, the initial (KCini), middle (KCmid), and the end (KCend) of the growing season. These KC values were compared with recent reviews of FAO56 for vegetables. Due to the various training systems for the crops in this study, the KC values varied considerably, with KCini ranging from 0.2 to 0.5, KCmid from 0.5 to 1.35, and KCend from 0.2 to 0.7. These KC values will be used in our Crop Calculator Decision Support Tool (DST) to implement Law 5.

Application of Sentinel 2 Satellite Imagery for Sustainable Groundwater Management in Agricultural Areas—Chtouka Aquifer, Morocco

In semi-arid regions that are characterized by large agricultural activities, a high volume of water is needed to cover the water requirements for agricultural production. Due to low precipitation and the associated limited availability of surface water, aquifers often represent the main source of irrigation water in these regions. Especially in coastal aquifers, high groundwater abstraction rates may change the flow dynamics of the aquifer and may lead to saltwater intrusion. In this study, within the framework of German–Moroccan international cooperation, the agricultural areas for the summer period 2019 of the Chtouka coastal aquifer in southern Morocco are classified using optical and multi-spectral Sentinel 2 data. Based on the developed land use maps, the groundwater abstraction for irrigation is then quantified by referring to local farmers’ irrigation practices. Following this approach, the total amount of groundwater abstraction is estimated at 157 million m3 for the summer period 2019 in the Chtouka aquifer.

Optimization of Groundwater Exploitation in an Irrigation Area in the Arid Upper Peacock River, NW China: Implications for Sustainable Agriculture and Ecology

Groundwater is the main irrigation water source in the Upper Peacock River. As fast enlargement of irrigation areas continues in recent years, the groundwater level declines continuously and has posed a threat to the sustainability of local agriculture and ecology. A numerical model was established with the code MODFLOW–2000 in order to predict the declining trend of groundwater level and formulate measures to counter the overexploitation, in which the river–aquifer interaction was elaborated and characterized by field survey. The results show that under current intensity of groundwater withdrawal, the levels of both unconfined and confined waters would decline continuously in 7 years from 2015. To stop the groundwater level from declining on the regional scale, the withdrawal rate should be compressed by 45% with respect to that in 2015. Moreover, taking consideration of the constraint of maintaining the ecological water level in the vicinity of the Euphrates Poplar forest in the study area, the withdrawal rate should be compressed 70% for seven towns around the forest.

Irrigation Practices under Boro Rice Cultivation in Haor Areas of Sunamganj, Bangladesh

A field study was conducted in the ‘haor’ areas of Sunamgonj district, Bangladesh, aimed to investigate the present irrigation practices to identify the related problems for ‘Boro’ rice cultivation. The primary field data were collected by interviewing 120 farmers (landless, small, medium, and large farmers) through survey. Most of the farmers used ‘beel’ (37.5%) as the main source of irrigation water. As water-lifting devices, they mostly used Low Lift Pumps (77.5%). The cost of irrigation was observed the lowest at Derai [Tk. 12,232 ($ 146.784) per season] and the highest was at Dakshin Sunamganj [Tk. 46109 ($ 553.31) per season], respectively. The highest benefit-cost ratio (BCR) was observed at Derai (2.48) and the lowest was at Dowarabazar (2.01). The financial problem, less water supply, lack of irrigation equipment, and knowledge about operating the equipment were identified as the main problems suffered by the farmers. These problems can be solved by distributing irrigation equipments at a reasonable price, and arranging training programs to develop the farmers’ skills.

Assessing the effect of climate change on groundwater use in Demre coastal aquifer (Antalya, Turkey), coupled use of climate scenarios and numerical flow modeling

Climate change may threaten the food security because of the reduced recharge of aquifers and increased plant water use. The majority of vegetables in Turkey are grown in the coastal plains along the Mediterranean Sea where the groundwater is the main source of irrigation water. The sustainability of long-term food production in such plains depends on groundwater availability under changing climate conditions. This study focuses on the Demre coastal aquifer of southwestern Turkey, where 15 million cubic meters of groundwater has been abstracted annually for irrigation. A numerical groundwater flow model is used to simulate the aquifer’s behavior until 2050, under the climate change scenarios named Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) 4.5 and 8.5. Results show that the present groundwater use pattern would reach its limit of sustainable use until 2050 if the agricultural production pattern is not changed and lateral recharge from the mountainous karst aquifer continues. However, discrepancies between RCP-anticipated and observed precipitation and temperature values raise doubts on the results of the groundwater flow model used to estimate the future aquifer conditions. It is understood that the accuracy of the RCP-anticipated parameters should be increased before attempting to establish reliable groundwater management policies based on the outputs of the predictive groundwater flow models. Future work should concentrate also on using more accurate input data and assessing the effect of uncertainties on the results of predictive groundwater flow models.

Song River discharge utilization analysis for Bunutin Rice Fields irrigation system

Song River is a small river with a wide variety of 5 to 18 meter of water sourced from Lake Batur to the south through Bunutin Village in Kintamani District, Bangli Regency. The existence of this river is important because it is the main source of irrigation water in the Bunutin agricultural land which covers about 152 ha of rice fields. Utilization of Song river discharge for irrigation on Bunutin agricultural land has relied on water from community rock piles with water extraction in the form of 1.2 km of land tunnel. The tunnel has a high variable dimension of 0.75 to 1 meter and a varied width of 0.6 to 0.8 meter. This research was conducted through the stages of observation, measurement and analysis of river characteristics. The results of the flood analysis showed Q50 is equal to 21.81 cubic meter per second. Based on the existing situation, the placement of weirs is placed behind a tunnel with a width of 18 meter in the form of ogee crest weir. Weir material in the form of stone pairs.

Irrigation water quality of middle awash river basin, Ethiopia

The Awash River acts as a major natural drain for several tributaries and hot springs along its course, and it is the main source of irrigation water in Middle Awash Valley. Hence, evaluation of irrigation water quality through time and space could help for salinity control. Two diversion weirs: Metehara and Melka Sadi and two pump sites: Melka Werer and Ambash were sampling sites. Water quality evaluation was caried for seven years. The pH value did not change over years. However, it slightly increased from July-September. ECw value was higher in June than the rest of sampling months. The ECw value from upstream to downstream ranged from 0.25-0.52dS/m. All samples collected from all sites showed values below FAO water quality guidelines for restriction. Thus, no salinity related or cropping problem should be expected because of using the Awash River water for irrigation. The ECw of Awash River water was lower during the rainy season than dry months. Which its water quality was inversely related to its flow. The combined effect of ECw and sodicity values on permeability or infiltration rate was in the recommendable range. However, in the draught years of June month care must be taken in down streams. Particularly, for more sensitive crops to salinity. Specific-ion toxicity hazardous was non-existent in using irrigation water from Awash River. Sodium significantly correlates with ECw and Adj.RNa rather the rest of cations. Sedimentation and siltation in the Middle Awash Valley is becoming great concern for maintenance of canal riverbank and drain to most projects in rainy seasons utilizing it for irrigation and other uses.

EFFECT OF IRRIGATION BY GATED PIPES AND TRADITIONAL IRRIGATION SYSTEM WITH MIXED WATER ON SOIL, DRAINAGE WATER AND CROP

This study was carried out in Sahl El-Tena (North West of Sinai Peninsula, Egypt; Latitude 30o 59 7 and longitude 32o 26 55 \) during the growth seasons 2013, 2014 and 2015. The experimental area was 11.49 hectares,and the experimental site was characterized by a Mediterranean arid climate, with a mean annual rainfall of 33.3 mm and a mean daily temperature of 21.8°C. The main source of irrigation water is El-Slam Channel where water is a mixure of both waste water and Nile fresh water at a ratio of 1:1. Two crops: maize (Zea mays l.) and wheat (Triticum aestivum l.) were chosen and grown because of their high economic and strategic values. Crop yield, water use efficiency and soil properties were concerned under two types of surface irrigation system which were traditional and modified surface irrigation by gated pipes. Statistical analysis was carried out by the SPSS program to drive the significant variance between means. The obtained results revealed that, values of yield and water use efficiency (WUE) with gated pipes were higher than the corresponding ones under the traditional system for the two crops under study. Also, using gated pipes increased both soil EC by small values during the growth seasons but it increased by about 3 (ds m-1­) at 14 August, 2013 and 6 April, 2015. Moreover, the quantity of drainage water under traditional system was higher than under the gated pipe system, therefore, the EC of drainage water under gated pipes system was higher than the corresponding one under the traditional method.

Understanding the Nexus of Climate Change and Migration: A Case of Dhye Peoples from Upper Mustang, Nepal

People of Dhye village are recognized as the Nepal’s first climate refugees. Historical records show that mass migration of people from Dhye village has occurred for three times, with latest one attributed to the climate change. This article aims to explore and understand the underlying causes of the Dhye people’s migration, and to analyze the land suitability for their relocation. The article discusses that people of Dhye have migrated mainly to look for livelihood options, water availability and land for cultivation. As of now, more than two dozen water ponds have dried completely, and the only community reservoir serves as main source of irrigation water. This led to a decrease in cultivated area by one-fourth within last 40 years. The livestock farming has also been decreasing year by year with only one yak herder left in the entire Dhye village. The temperature trend is positive, whereas precipitation trend is negative. The land suitability analysis done by using Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) shows that Thangchung Chawale village is more suitable location than Dhye village in terms of cultivation area, water availability, and distance to health-post and transportation facilities.

Addressing Challenges for Mapping Irrigated Fields in Subhumid Temperate Regions by Integrating Remote Sensing and Hydroclimatic Data

High-resolution mapping of irrigated fields is needed to better estimate water and nutrient fluxes in the landscape, food production, and local to regional climate. However, this remains a challenge in humid to subhumid regions, where irrigation has been expanding into what was largely rainfed agriculture due to trends in climate, crop prices, technologies and practices. One such region is southwestern Michigan, USA, where groundwater is the main source of irrigation water for row crops (primarily corn and soybeans). Remote sensing of irrigated areas can be difficult in these regions as rainfed areas have similar characteristics. We present methods to address this challenge and enhance the contrast between neighboring rainfed and irrigated areas, including weather-sensitive scene selection, applying recently developed composite indices and calculating spatial anomalies. We create annual, 30m-resolution maps of irrigated corn and soybeans for southwestern Michigan from 2001 to 2016 using a machine learning method (random forest). The irrigation maps reasonably capture the spatial and temporal pattern of irrigation, with accuracies that exceed available products. Analysis of the irrigation maps showed that the irrigated area in southwestern Michigan tripled in the last 16 years. We also discuss the remaining challenges for irrigation mapping in humid to subhumid areas.

Actual evapotranspiration and crop coefficients of irrigated lowland rice (Oryza sativa L.) under semiarid climate

Lowland irrigated rice is the predominant crop produced in the Senegal River Valley characterised by very low annual rainfall, high temperatures, and low relative humidity. The Senegal River is shared by Senegal, Mali, Mauritania, and Guinea, and serves as the main source of irrigation water for the adopted double rice cropping system. Developing appropriate resource management strategies might be the key factor for the sustainability of rice production in the region. This study aims to estimate rice seasonal evapotranspiration (ETa), irrigation water requirement, and to develop rice growth stage specific crop coefficients (Kc) to improve rice water productivity. Field experiments were conducted during the hot and dry seasons in 2014 and 2015 at the AfricaRice research station at Fanaye in Senegal. Irrigation water inputs were monitored and actual crop evapotranspiration was derived using the water balance method. Daily reference evapotranspiration (ETo) was estimated using the Penman-Monteith equation and the weather variables were collected at the site by an automated weather station. The results showed that the ETo during the hot and dry season from February 15th to June 30th varied from 4.5 to 9.9 mm and from 3.7 to 10.8 mm in 2014 and 2015, respectively, and averaged 6.8 mm d–1 in 2014 and 6.6 mm d–1 in 2015. The seasonal irrigation water amount for the transplanted rice was 1110 mm in 2014 and 1095 mm in 2015. Rice daily ETa varied from 4.7 to 10.5 mm in 2014 and from 4.4 to 10.5 mm in 2015 and averaged 8.17 mm in 2014 and 8.14 mm in 2015. Rice seasonal ETa was 841.5 mm in 2014 and 855.4 mm in 2015. The derived rice Kc values varied from 0.77 to 1.51 in 2014 and 0.85 to 1.50 in 2015. Rice Kc values averaged 1.01, 1.31, and 1.12 for the crop development, mid-season and late season growth stages, respectively. The Kc values developed in this study could be used for water management under rice production during the hot and dry season in the Senegal River Valley.

Benefits of Embungs in the Rawa Pening Catchment Area for Reducing Tuntang River Flood Discharge

Rawa Pening is a natural lake as a source of water for Tuntang River which is used for hydropower, raw water source, main irrigation water source in Glapan weir located in Grobogan District, Central Java provinces. Rawa Pening will be developed as location of national and international ecotourism. An Optimal Water Resources Management is required with several studies. This study is the beginning of a series of studies planned to determine the potential of embungs and its utilization as flood control, sediment control of Rawa Pening and for reducing weeds growth.

The influence of hydrogeological properties, seawater intrusion and refreshening on the quality of groundwater used for irrigation in an agricultural coastal plain in North Sardinia, Italy

Intensive agriculture can influence groundwater composition, aquifer biogeochemistry and soil properties; this is especially true in coastal areas where groundwater is the main source of irrigation water. Depending on the irrigation efficiency, the aquifers may suffer from pollutant contamination and salinization caused by the encroaching sea. Information about the chemical composition of the groundwater is not sufficient to permit an evaluation of either the suitability of the water for irrigation or its negative impacts on the quality of the aquifer. In this study, a method for evaluating the suitability of groundwater for irrigation, from the perspective of water quality, is proposed suggesting that groundwater use should depend on the degree of saltwater contamination. A classification of the quality of irrigation water, based on quantifying elements potentially harmful for agricultural productivity, was revised to consider the dynamic movement of the seawater interface (intrusion and freshening phases) and hydrogeological properties. The effectiveness of this method was tested in a cropland-dominated coastal alluvial aquifer (Turritana Plain, Sardinia, Italy) that is irrigated by unconfined groundwater stored in sedimentary deposits. Results show that freshening processes cover almost 53 % of the alluvial aquifer. While the groundwater may be suitable for irrigation from a quality perspective, seawater intrusion affects 47 % of the aquifer, mainly the coastal margins. This method, based on index technique, is a useful tool to help policy makers understand the important role of water resources in an area that is vulnerable to desertification and where semiarid climatic conditions are developing.

Comparison of artificial neural networks and autoregressive model for inflows forecasting of Roseires Reservoir for better prediction of irrigation water supply in Sudan

ABSTRACTThe Blue Nile River is utilized in Sudan as the main source of irrigation water. However, the river has a long, dry, low-flow season (October–May), which necessitates the use of regulations and rules to manage its water use during this period. This depends on the use of accurate lead time forecasts of inflows to the reservoirs built along the river. Thus a reliable and tested forecasting tool is needed to provide inflow forecast, with sufficient lead time. In the present study, artificial neural network (ANN) is used to model the recession curve of the flow hydrograph at El-Deim gauging station, which subsequently is used as inflows to the Roseires Reservoir on the Blue Nile River. Different scenarios of ANN have been tested to forecast 23 10-day mean discharges during the recession period and their performances were assessed. Results from the optimal ANN model were compared to those simulated with an autoregressive (AR1) model to check their accuracy. Modelling results showed that the ANN model developed is capable of accurately forecasting the inflows to the Roseires Reservoir and outperforms the AR1 model. It has then proposed for use in operation of the reservoir for purposes of predicting irrigation water supply.

Seasonal Evaluation of Trace Metals in Irrigated Soils at Various Sites in Phuleli Command Area (Sindh), Pakistan

Phuleli Canal (Sindh) Pakistan is the main source of irrigation water for lower Sindh. However, its quality has been deteriorated by the addition of industrial effluents and city wastes discharged directly or indirectly into canal when it passes through Hyderabad city. For monitoring the effect of this canal water on soil quality of the command area, the present study was designed to evaluate the seasonal variability of trace metals including Cu, Fe, Zn and Mn in the cultivated soil area. The soil samples were collected from different seven sites (reduced distance, RD = 304.8 m) RD-0, RD-30, RD-50, RD-70, RD-90, RD-110 and RD-130) in four seasons (summer, autumn, winter, and spring) and analysed for Cu, Fe, Zn and Mn contents. Then, the obtained results were compared with the maximum permissible values of FAO for agriculture/crop production. Results showed that the Zn contents in soil samples was relatively higher than FAO permissible limits during winter in all soil layers and all sites mostly at upper reach sites of Phuleli Command area. While, the Fe content in soil at all depths was found higher during winter, autumn and spring. Whereas, in summer season it was relatively more in upper soil layers near mid to down reach sites and were not within the permissible limits of FAO. Same was true with Cu and Mn which were also not within the permissible limits of FAO for crop production. So, it was inferred that almost of the locations trace elements in soils found higher under Phuleli Canal Command area were mainly produced from various pollution sources viz, industrial and municipal liquid effluents.

Groundwater characterization and selection of suitable water type for irrigation in the western region of Bangladesh

The main source of irrigation water in Bangladesh is groundwater, hence its quality needs to be ensured; otherwise, it can damage soil and reduce crop production. In current research, work by analyzing hydrogeochemical characteristics of groundwater different water types have been assessed to find out the suitable irrigation water of Godagari upazila in the western zone of Bangladesh. Studied parameters include pH, EC, TDS, K+, Na+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Fe2+, Cl−, Br−, NO3− and SO42− along with sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), soluble sodium percentage (SSP), residual sodium bicarbonate (RSBC), permeability index (PI), magnesium adsorption ratio (MAR), Kelley’s ratio (KR), Mg:Ca and Na:Ca. XLSTAT and AquaChem software were used to perform factor analysis and determine water types of groundwater, respectively. The mean trends of cations and anions of the study area are Na+ > Ca2+ > Mg2+ > K+ > Fe2+ and Cl− > HCO3− > SO42− > NO3− where silicate-weathered minerals influence the groundwater quality of the study area. Except PI all parameters satisfy irrigation water standards. However, Na–Ca–Mg and Na–Ca–Cl types of water need to be under observation for any future changes since SSP is not satisfied for both of them and considering KR Na–Ca–Cl water type is not suited. Except these two groups, Ca–Na–Mg and Ca–Na–Mg–Cl water types are suitable for irrigation.

Bioavailability Studies of Metals in Surface Water of River Challawa, Nigeria

Due to industrialization of Kano City, more industries located within Challawa industrial estate have discharged waste informed of effluents into River Challawa, which is the main source of irrigation water for agricultural land. Hence, this study is aim at assessing the bioavailable fractions of the metals zinc (Zn), lead (Pb), copper (Cu), chromium (Cr) and cadmium (Cd) in surface water of river Challawa, Kano, Nigeria, across seasons. It was found that the concentrations of most metals increased significantly during the dry seasons. Concentrations of Cu and Zn are within the standard limits of EPA and WHO for these metals in drinking water while Pb, Cr, and Cd have their concentrations higher than EPA and WHO standard limits. Analysis of relationship between metals indicated significant positive correlation (P<0.05) between Cr and Zn, in all seasons with exception of warm and dry season. This might explain the consistent variation of these metals in the sites in a particular season. Also, significant negative correlation was observed between Cd and Cu (hot and dry season). The chemical fractionation trends were found to be dominated by particulate fractions of metals studied except Zn (cool and dry season) and Cd. The highest percentages of all metals analysed were found in the particulate fraction with exception of Cd. This could reflect less availability of this metal to the immediate environment. However, availability of metals such as Cd, Cr, and Pb in the dissolved and mobile fractions reflects the greater tendency to become available to the aquatic system and through the food chain to man.

Assessment of the Water Quality of the Nhue River in Vietnam and its Suitability for Irrigation Water

Authors : Thi Lan Huong Nguyen, Motohei Kanayama, Takahiro Higashi, Van Chinh Le, Thu Ha Doan, Anh Dao Chu Abstract : The Nhue River in Vietnam is the main source of irrigation water for suburban agricultural land and fish farm. Wastewater from the industrial plants located along these rivers has been discharged, which has degraded the water quality of the rivers. The present paper describes the chemical properties of water from the river focusing on heavy metal pollution and the suitability of water quality for irrigation. Water from the river was heavily polluted with heavy metals such as Pb, Cu, Zn, Cr, Cd, and Ni. Dissolved oxygen, COD, and total suspended solids, and the concentrations of all heavy metals exceeded the Vietnamese standard for surface water quality in all investigated sites. The concentrations of some heavy metals such as Cu, Cd, Cr and Ni were over the internationally recommended WHO maximum limits for irrigation water. A wide variation in heavy metal concentration of water due to metal types is the result of wastewater discharged from different industrial sources.